CA2939907C - Scouring article and methods of making and using - Google Patents
Scouring article and methods of making and using Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2939907C CA2939907C CA2939907A CA2939907A CA2939907C CA 2939907 C CA2939907 C CA 2939907C CA 2939907 A CA2939907 A CA 2939907A CA 2939907 A CA2939907 A CA 2939907A CA 2939907 C CA2939907 C CA 2939907C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- scouring
- pad
- fibers
- major surface
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
- A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
- A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L17/00—Apparatus or implements used in manual washing or cleaning of crockery, table-ware, cooking-ware or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L17/00—Apparatus or implements used in manual washing or cleaning of crockery, table-ware, cooking-ware or the like
- A47L17/04—Pan or pot cleaning utensils
- A47L17/08—Pads; Balls of steel wool, wire, or plastic meshes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L23/00—Cleaning footwear
- A47L23/04—Hand implements for shoe-cleaning, with or without applicators for shoe polish
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201461940580P | 2014-02-17 | 2014-02-17 | |
| US61/940,580 | 2014-02-17 | ||
| PCT/US2015/016046 WO2015123635A1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-02-16 | Scouring article and methods of making and using |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2939907A1 CA2939907A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
| CA2939907C true CA2939907C (en) | 2022-08-09 |
Family
ID=53800694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2939907A Active CA2939907C (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-02-16 | Scouring article and methods of making and using |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US10435827B2 (2) |
| EP (1) | EP3108050B1 (2) |
| JP (1) | JP6550402B2 (2) |
| KR (1) | KR102291963B1 (2) |
| CN (1) | CN106029965B (2) |
| AU (1) | AU2015218232B2 (2) |
| CA (1) | CA2939907C (2) |
| ES (1) | ES2710705T3 (2) |
| MX (1) | MX363673B (2) |
| RU (1) | RU2651439C2 (2) |
| SG (1) | SG11201606853PA (2) |
| TW (1) | TWI648025B (2) |
| WO (1) | WO2015123635A1 (2) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2015218232B2 (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2017-06-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Scouring article and methods of making and using |
| ES2727587T3 (es) * | 2015-11-12 | 2019-10-17 | Cmc Consumer Medical Care Gmbh | Artículo de limpieza con un material base absorbente |
| ES2908231T3 (es) * | 2015-11-12 | 2022-04-28 | Cmc Consumer Medical Care Gmbh | Artículo de limpieza con un material de base absorbente |
| EP3377539B1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2021-05-19 | Arkema, Inc. | Fluoropolymer fiber-bonding agent and articles produced therewith |
| USD866891S1 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2019-11-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Scouring article |
| EP3405608B1 (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2020-07-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Scouring pad |
| JP7325960B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-12 | 2023-08-15 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 不織布ハンドパッド |
| KR20190002620A (ko) | 2016-04-29 | 2019-01-08 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 캄파니 | 인쇄된 지시부를 형성하는 스코어링 바디를 포함하는 세정 물품 |
| US10349799B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-07-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Cleansing article having printed texture |
| AU201713007S (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-08-01 | Freudenberg Carl Kg | Mopping pad |
| CN107088032B (zh) * | 2017-05-04 | 2019-11-08 | 芜湖立新清洁用品有限公司 | 一种含有热熔点材料的拖把布及其生产方法 |
| USD871082S1 (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2019-12-31 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wiping article |
| KR20200036910A (ko) | 2017-07-31 | 2020-04-07 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 캄파니 | 배향 독립적인 스크래치를 달성하고 관찰 가능한 제조 결함을 최소화하기 위한 연마 입자의 배치 |
| BR112020003831B1 (pt) | 2017-08-25 | 2023-03-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Artigo adesivo para montagem de um objeto em uma superfície |
| TWI795430B (zh) | 2017-08-25 | 2023-03-11 | 美商3M新設資產公司 | 容許無損傷移除的黏著劑物品 |
| US10947664B2 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2021-03-16 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Metal detectable scouring pad |
| BR112020022837A2 (pt) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-02-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | artigos para limpeza, composição de limpeza e composição de revestimento |
| USD900485S1 (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-11-03 | Dongguan Shichang Metals Factory Ltd. | Woven fabric |
| ES3063991T3 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2026-04-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sustainable scouring pads |
| JP7002490B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-08 | 2022-01-20 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 清掃シート |
| JP2020168664A (ja) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-10-15 | 三洋展創工業株式会社 | 研磨シートの製造方法 |
| WO2020261035A1 (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making a nonwoven fiber web, nonwoven fiber web, and multi-component fiber |
| US20220315977A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-10-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Article useable for sampling surfaces for microorganisms and methods of use |
| EP4051198A1 (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2022-09-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Wound dressing material and methods of making and using the same |
| US11306419B2 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2022-04-19 | Dongguan Shichang Metals Factory Ltd. | Woven fabric |
| DE102021122041B3 (de) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-11-03 | Dr. Schumacher Gmbh | Mehrlagiges Einweg-Bodenwischtuch mit abrasivem Streifen |
| KR20260026149A (ko) | 2024-08-19 | 2026-02-26 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 캄파니 | 수세미 및 수세미의 제조 방법 |
Family Cites Families (52)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2757150A (en) * | 1953-01-30 | 1956-07-31 | Weyerhaeuser Timber Co | Preparing hot-moldable thermosetting resin and cellulose fiber mixtures |
| DE1694594C3 (de) | 1960-01-11 | 1975-05-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co., Saint Paul, Minn. (V.St.A.) | Reinigungs- und Polierkörper |
| DE7619792U1 (de) | 1976-06-23 | 1977-03-17 | Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim | Schleif- und reinigungstuch |
| US4355489A (en) | 1980-09-15 | 1982-10-26 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Abrasive article comprising abrasive agglomerates supported in a fibrous matrix |
| NZ205183A (en) | 1982-08-13 | 1987-01-23 | Unilever Plc | Wiping cloth includes a liquid"active material" |
| US5498478A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1996-03-12 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Polyethylene glycol as a binder material for fibers |
| US5227229A (en) | 1990-12-20 | 1993-07-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Nonwoven polyester articles and method of making same |
| US5213588A (en) | 1992-02-04 | 1993-05-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Abrasive wiping articles and a process for preparing such articles |
| ES2093976T3 (es) | 1992-08-24 | 1997-01-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Articulos no tejidos unidos por fusion y metodos para preparar los mismos. |
| US5310590A (en) | 1993-02-04 | 1994-05-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Stitchbonded articles |
| US5346516A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1994-09-13 | Tepco, Ltd. | Non-woven abrasive material containing hydrogenated vegetable oils |
| US5858140A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-01-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Nonwoven surface finishing articles reinforced with a polymer backing layer and method of making same |
| US5626512A (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1997-05-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Scouring articles and process for the manufacture of same |
| JPH08318470A (ja) | 1995-05-23 | 1996-12-03 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 研磨用工具及びその製造方法 |
| US5955177A (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1999-09-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fire barrier mat |
| US5928070A (en) | 1997-05-30 | 1999-07-27 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company | Abrasive article comprising mullite |
| US6312484B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-11-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nonwoven abrasive articles and method of preparing same |
| US20030124935A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 | 2003-07-03 | Nicole Smith | Scrub pad with printed rigid plates and associated methods |
| US20020173214A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-11-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cleaning articles and method of making |
| DE10130656C1 (de) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-12-12 | Freudenberg Carl Kg | Scheuervlies |
| US20030031703A1 (en) | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-13 | Mcmeekin Linda J. | Textured article |
| JP4014214B2 (ja) | 2001-11-16 | 2007-11-28 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | 使い捨て食器ケア及び硬質表面洗浄ワイプ |
| US7829478B2 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2010-11-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Consumer scrubbing wipe article and method of making same |
| US6833014B2 (en) | 2002-07-26 | 2004-12-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive product, method of making and using the same, and apparatus for making the same |
| US20040121686A1 (en) | 2002-08-29 | 2004-06-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low density, high loft nonwoven substrates |
| JP3628317B2 (ja) | 2002-10-25 | 2005-03-09 | 株式会社精研 | 研磨ベルトとその製造方法 |
| KR20060006824A (ko) | 2003-04-25 | 2006-01-19 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 캄파니 | 청소용 소재 |
| GB0311803D0 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2003-06-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Wiping articles having a scouring surface |
| US20060286884A1 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2006-12-21 | Stephane Thioliere | Wiping articles having a scouring surface |
| US7393371B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2008-07-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nonwoven abrasive articles and methods |
| JP2005319539A (ja) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-17 | Three M Innovative Properties Co | 不織布研磨材 |
| GB0420054D0 (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2004-10-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Floor cleaning pads and preparation thereof |
| US20060135026A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Composite cleaning products having shape resilient layer |
| US7232364B2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2007-06-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive cleaning article and method of making |
| US20070049169A1 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-03-01 | Vaidya Neha P | Nonwoven polishing pads for chemical mechanical polishing |
| DE202005014927U1 (de) | 2005-09-16 | 2007-02-22 | W. Pelz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wattescheibe zum Reinigen und Peeling der Haut |
| JP4792904B2 (ja) | 2005-10-04 | 2011-10-12 | 株式会社ジェイ・エム・エス | 血液フィルタ装置およびその製造方法 |
| JP2007313621A (ja) | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd | 研磨ロール及びその製造方法 |
| US20090110890A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-04-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Color changing wear indicator |
| DE102008051317B4 (de) | 2008-10-08 | 2013-07-25 | Perick Management Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Reinigungstextilie |
| US9663882B2 (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2017-05-30 | Thomas E. Haskett | Natural fiber nonwoven scouring material and methods of making |
| US20100310837A1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | Eric Bryan Bond | Structured fibrous web |
| CN101933788A (zh) | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | 3M创新有限公司 | 具有复合结构的表面清洁制品及其制造方法 |
| US8162153B2 (en) | 2009-07-02 | 2012-04-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High loft spunbonded web |
| US20120017937A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2012-01-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cleaning kit and method |
| US9771675B2 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2017-09-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Patterned air-laid nonwoven fibrous webs and methods of making and using same |
| MX2011009424A (es) | 2010-09-14 | 2012-03-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Articulo de tapete de piso. |
| MX2013004377A (es) | 2010-10-19 | 2013-10-03 | N R Spuntech Ind Ltd | Procedimiento de impresion en linea en tela no tejida humeda y productos de la misma. |
| WO2013101575A2 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Coated abrasive article |
| US20130337714A1 (en) | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-19 | Ahlstrom Coporation | Glazed Nonwoven Fabric and Methods of Manufacture |
| RU2620846C2 (ru) | 2012-07-06 | 2017-05-30 | 3М Инновейтив Пропертиз Компани | Абразивное изделие с покрытием |
| AU2015218232B2 (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2017-06-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Scouring article and methods of making and using |
-
2015
- 2015-02-16 AU AU2015218232A patent/AU2015218232B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-02-16 RU RU2016133739A patent/RU2651439C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-02-16 CA CA2939907A patent/CA2939907C/en active Active
- 2015-02-16 MX MX2016010641A patent/MX363673B/es unknown
- 2015-02-16 JP JP2016569572A patent/JP6550402B2/ja active Active
- 2015-02-16 SG SG11201606853PA patent/SG11201606853PA/en unknown
- 2015-02-16 EP EP15748752.1A patent/EP3108050B1/en active Active
- 2015-02-16 ES ES15748752T patent/ES2710705T3/es active Active
- 2015-02-16 WO PCT/US2015/016046 patent/WO2015123635A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-02-16 KR KR1020167025230A patent/KR102291963B1/ko active Active
- 2015-02-16 US US15/119,396 patent/US10435827B2/en active Active
- 2015-02-16 CN CN201580009032.0A patent/CN106029965B/zh active Active
- 2015-02-17 TW TW104105691A patent/TWI648025B/zh active
-
2019
- 2019-10-07 US US16/594,855 patent/US11230801B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2016133739A3 (2) | 2018-03-22 |
| JP6550402B2 (ja) | 2019-07-24 |
| CA2939907A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
| TWI648025B (zh) | 2019-01-21 |
| SG11201606853PA (en) | 2016-09-29 |
| AU2015218232A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
| EP3108050A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
| US10435827B2 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
| US20200040497A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 |
| US20170051442A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
| ES2710705T3 (es) | 2019-04-26 |
| CN106029965B (zh) | 2018-04-03 |
| CN106029965A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
| MX363673B (es) | 2019-03-29 |
| AU2015218232B2 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
| WO2015123635A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
| TW201538115A (zh) | 2015-10-16 |
| KR20160122228A (ko) | 2016-10-21 |
| KR102291963B1 (ko) | 2021-08-23 |
| MX2016010641A (es) | 2016-11-08 |
| US11230801B2 (en) | 2022-01-25 |
| RU2016133739A (ru) | 2018-03-22 |
| EP3108050A4 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
| EP3108050B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
| RU2651439C2 (ru) | 2018-04-19 |
| JP2017507040A (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
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Legal Events
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| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20200214 |
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Free format text: FEE DESCRIPTION TEXT: MF (PATENT, 10TH ANNIV.) - STANDARD Year of fee payment: 10 |
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Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-U10-U00-U101 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE REQUEST RECEIVED Effective date: 20250130 |
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