CH90481A - Process for the preparation of indoxyl from phenylglycine. - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of indoxyl from phenylglycine.Info
- Publication number
- CH90481A CH90481A CH90481DA CH90481A CH 90481 A CH90481 A CH 90481A CH 90481D A CH90481D A CH 90481DA CH 90481 A CH90481 A CH 90481A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- indoxyl
- phenylglycine
- aluminate
- preparation
- Prior art date
Links
- PCKPVGOLPKLUHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indoxyl Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(O)=CNC2=C1 PCKPVGOLPKLUHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-ZETCQYMHSA-N L-alpha-phenylglycine zwitterion Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 4
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JMEVHYCNAPFOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfo-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonic acid Chemical compound Oc1c([nH]c2ccc(cc12)S(O)(=O)=O)C1=Nc2ccc(cc2C1=O)S(O)(=O)=O JMEVHYCNAPFOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012738 indigotine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004179 indigotine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JGIMWXQBJDCZAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-amino-2-phenylacetate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 JGIMWXQBJDCZAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
- C07D209/36—Oxygen atoms in position 3, e.g. adrenochrome
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Darstellung von Indoxyl aus Phenylglycin. Bisher wurde Phenylglycin in Indoxyl übergeführt durch Eintragen in- Ätzalkali- sehmelzen unter Zusatz von stark wasser entziehenden Mitteln, ivie Natriumamid, Natriumoxyd, Erdalkalioxyd, für sich oder zusammen mit Natrium.
lllit fast allen bis her auf die Wirkung von Natriumoxyd und Erdalkalioxyd hinzielenden Verfahren kön nen jedoch keine befriedigenden Ausbeuten erreicht werden. Es kommt hinzu, dass das durch Auflösen der Schmelze in Wasser und Oxydation mittelst Luftsauerstoff erhaltene Indigotin stark. verunreinigt. ist und daher die Aufarbeitung sehr schwierig und um- s1;
3.indlicli wird. Wirklich brauchbare Resul tate lieferte bisher nur das Verfahren mit Natriumamid. Dieses Verfahren ist jedoeli ziemlich kostspielig, da viel Natrium- und Ammoniak benötigt werden.
Gemäss vorliegendem Verfahren wird PlietiZ-lglycin durch Schmelzen mittelst Atz- allali dadurch in Indoxyl übergeführt, dass man die Schmelze in Gegenwart von Alkali aluminat dureliführt. Das neue Verfahren hat die Vorzüge. dass es erstens billiger ist-, class zweitens die Reaktion glatter verläuft und dass es drittens noch folgenden nebenbei ge fundenen Vorteil bietet.
Es ist.wünsclienswert, dass der Indigo bei der Oxydation des Indoxyls. in möglichst; feiner Verteilung ausgeschieden wird. Um dies zu erreichen, sind verschiedene Vor schläge gemacht worden, zum Beispiel Vor nahme der Oxydation unter Zusatz von kolloi dalen Lösungen, -wie I@ysalbinsäure, Protal- binsäure, Seifen- oder Leimlösungen und dergleichen.
Diese und andere Methoden, die dem gleichen Zwecke dienen sollen, werden bei der Herstellung von Indaxyl nach dem vorliegenden Verfahren überflüssig, denn die hier erzeugte Indoxylsclimelze enthält nach dem Lösen in Wasser Aluminiumhydroxyd, welches schon selber bewirkt, dass die Aus fällung des Indigos in allerfeinster Verteilung erfolgt.
Zweekmässigerweise wird die übliche lizall@ali-9.iznatroüschmclze zunächst durch Natrium entwässert und hierauf Natrium aluminat in feiner Verteilung zugesetzt. Man bemisst die Natriummenge von vorn herein so, dass nach dem Zusatz des Natrium aluminates, welches gewöhnlich wasserhaltig ist, noch ein kleiner, unzersetzter Rest von Na trium übrigbleibt. Hierauf wird Phenylglycin oder dessen Alkalisalz zugesetzt.
Die Über führung in Indoxyl vollzieht sich unter Auf brausen sogleich, offenbar dadurch, -dass das im Natriumaluminat enthaltene Natrium- Oxyd, indem es in I\Tatriumhydroxyd über- gerbt, die I#',ondensiiition bewirkt.
Der kleine, vorher erwähnte Rest -von Natrium -bleibt, während die Reaktion vor sich geht, unv er- iindert. An - Stelle von Natriumaluminat kann natürlich auch Iialiumaluminat oder auch ein Gemisch von beiden verwendet wer den. Auch kann man an Stelle von fertigem Aluminat Aluminiumhydroxyd nehmen, wel ches. sich bekanntlich in der Ätzalkalischmelze zu Aluminat umsetzt.
Das hierbei freiwer dende Wasser verdampft unter den vorliegen den Bedingungen zum grössten Teil.
Beispiel <I>I:</I> In einem geschlossener < Gusseisenkessel schmilzt man 40 kg Ätznatron und 60 kg Ätzkali, trägt unter- Rühren'6 kg Natrium und darauf 50 kg gut getrocknetes und fein pulverisiertes Natriumaluminat ein. Bei einer Temperatur von 220 trägt man allmählich 50 kg Phenylglycinkalium ein, indem man die Temperatur langsam bis auf 250' stei- gert. Die erkaltete Schmelze, in. bekannter Weise% aufgearbeitet, liefert eine Ausbeute an Indigo von 96 / der Theorie.
Es ist zweckmässig, vor dem Eintragen des Natriums die Luft aus dem Rührkessel durch ein in differentes Gas-zu verdrängen.
Beispiel Ir: In die wie vorher bereitete Ätzalk_ ali- schmelze trägt man unter Rühren 80 kg fein gepulvertes Aluminiumhydroxyd ein und hält die' Temperatur einige Zeit auf zirka 200', bis der grösste Teil des durch die Re aktion freigewordenen Wassers verdampft ist.
Alsdann gibt man so viel IxTati-ium hinzu, bis ein kleiner Rest unzersetzt bleibt, wozu man zirka 6 kg benötigt, und trägt portions- weise 50 kg Phenylglycinl#:alium ein, indem ebenfalls wie vorher die Temperatur langsam bis auf<B>9,50'</B> gesteigert wird. Die Ausbeute an Indigo ist die gleiche wie im Beispiel I.
Process for the preparation of indoxyl from phenylglycine. So far, phenylglycine has been converted into indoxyl by adding it to caustic alkali with the addition of strongly dehydrating agents, such as sodium amide, sodium oxide, alkaline earth oxide, alone or together with sodium.
However, with almost all of the processes which have so far aimed at the action of sodium oxide and alkaline earth oxide, no satisfactory yields can be achieved. In addition, the indigotine obtained by dissolving the melt in water and oxidizing it by means of atmospheric oxygen is strong. contaminated. is and therefore the work-up is very difficult and um- s1;
3.indlicli will. Up to now, only the sodium amide process has provided really useful results. However, this process is quite expensive because a lot of sodium and ammonia are required.
According to the present process, PlietiZ-Iglycine is converted into indoxyl by melting by means of atzallali by passing the melt in the presence of alkali aluminate. The new process has the merits. Firstly, that it is cheaper, secondly, that the reaction is smoother and, thirdly, that it offers the following additional advantage.
It is desirable that the indigo should oxidize the indoxyl. in as possible; fine distribution is excreted. In order to achieve this, various proposals have been made, for example before undertaking the oxidation with the addition of colloidal solutions, such as isalbinic acid, protalbic acid, soap or glue solutions and the like.
These and other methods that are intended to serve the same purpose are superfluous in the production of indaxyl according to the present process, because the indoxylsclimelze produced here contains aluminum hydroxide after dissolving in water, which itself causes the indigo to precipitate in the finest possible manner Distribution takes place.
For two reasons, the usual lizall@ali-9.iznatroüschmclze is first dehydrated with sodium and then finely divided sodium aluminate is added. The amount of sodium is measured from the outset in such a way that after the addition of sodium aluminate, which usually contains water, a small, undecomposed residue of sodium remains. Phenylglycine or its alkali salt is then added.
The conversion into indoxyl takes place immediately with effervescence, evidently due to the fact that the sodium oxide contained in the sodium aluminate, by being tanned into sodium hydroxide, causes ondensition.
The small remainder of sodium mentioned above remains unchanged while the reaction is going on. Instead of sodium aluminate, it is of course also possible to use aluminum aluminate or a mixture of both. You can also take aluminum hydroxide instead of finished aluminate, wel ches. is known to be converted to aluminate in the caustic alkali melt.
Most of the water released during this process evaporates under the prevailing conditions.
Example <I> I: </I> 40 kg of caustic soda and 60 kg of caustic potash are melted in a closed cast iron kettle, 6 kg of sodium are added with stirring and then 50 kg of well-dried and finely powdered sodium aluminate. At a temperature of 220, 50 kg of potassium phenylglycine are gradually introduced by slowly increasing the temperature to 250 °. The cooled melt,% worked up in a known manner, gives an indigo yield of 96% of theory.
Before introducing the sodium, it is advisable to displace the air from the stirred tank with a different gas.
Example Ir: 80 kg of finely powdered aluminum hydroxide are added to the caustic lime melt prepared as before and the temperature is kept at around 200 for a while until most of the water released by the reaction has evaporated.
Then add as much IxTati-ium until a small residue remains undecomposed, which requires about 6 kg, and add 50 kg of phenylglycinel #: alium in portions by slowly increasing the temperature to <B> 9, as before .50 'is increased. The yield of indigo is the same as in Example I.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH90481T | 1920-07-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH90481A true CH90481A (en) | 1921-09-01 |
Family
ID=4347742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH90481D CH90481A (en) | 1920-07-07 | 1920-07-07 | Process for the preparation of indoxyl from phenylglycine. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH90481A (en) |
-
1920
- 1920-07-07 CH CH90481D patent/CH90481A/en unknown
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