CN104001902A - Integrated high-temperature alloy pressure regulating precision casting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device. The device includes a temperature control system, a pressure-regulating furnace and a pressure-regulating gas path control system. The temperature control system includes a temperature-measuring system in the pressure-regulating furnace, a resistance heating system and Intermediate frequency induction heating system, in which: resistance heating system and temperature measuring system in pressure regulating furnace are used to preheat liquid riser and mold shell; medium frequency induction heating system is used to melt alloy; Board composition; one end of the pressure regulating gas circuit control system is connected to the vent holes of the upper and lower tanks of the pressure regulating furnace, and the other end is connected to the vacuum system and the inert gas source in order to control the vacuum degree and pressure in the pressure regulating furnace . The invention can ensure that the whole pressure regulating casting process is carried out under vacuum, reduces the possibility of alloy oxidation, realizes near-net-shape casting, and can significantly improve the filling capacity of thin-walled castings.

Description

Integrated superalloy pressure regulating precision casting device

technical field

The invention relates to the professional field of casting, in particular to an integrated high-temperature alloy pressure regulating precision casting device.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of aviation, aerospace, petroleum, chemical industry, ships, automobiles and other fields, the requirements for superalloy thin-walled castings increasingly reflect the following characteristics: (1) lightweight; (2) integrated; (3) Precision. Correspondingly, high-temperature alloy complex thin-walled castings have great development prospects.

For high-temperature alloy thin-walled castings, the Laplace force and viscous force caused by the surface tension of the liquid alloy have a great influence on the flow state of the filling, which increases the difficulty of alloy liquid filling and is prone to various problems. A casting defect, and the complex structure of the thin-walled casting itself makes it difficult to distribute the filling pressure accurately, and lacks effective control over the flow of the alloy liquid. Therefore, the effect of the pressure regulating casting method on improving the quality of thin-walled castings is very obvious. The device can be used to obtain the influence rules of the gating system and pouring process on the filling behavior and feeding capacity of the melt, and explore the design principles and methods of the gating system for pressure-regulating precision castings of complex thin-walled castings, so as to realize the economical and efficient processing of complex thin-walled castings manufacture.

After searching the literature of the prior art, it was found that the Chinese invention patent with application number 200410009617.6 relates to a pressure regulating casting method and a crucible for pressure regulating casting. The patent mentioned that the designed pressure regulating casting device is basically suitable for aluminum alloys, etc. An alloy with a low melting point can prevent pores and shrinkage porosity to a certain extent. However, the design of the alloy smelting part, high temperature sealing, pressure curve adjustment and other aspects of the patent cannot meet the requirements of high temperature alloy investment precision casting.

The Chinese invention patent with application number 201310036959.6 involves a casting process of complex alloy aluminum thin-walled castings. The device is based on aluminum alloy casting design and overcomes the problems of slag inclusion and porosity to a certain extent. The casting process of this patent adopts the pouring method combining slot type and bottom pouring type, the filling speed is 60-80mm/s, and the pouring temperature is 715-725°C. However, this technique is not applicable to high-temperature alloys. The anti-gravity filling speed of high-temperature alloys is much lower than the speed of this patent, and the pouring temperature is more than 1 times higher than that of this patent.

Contents of the invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated superalloy pressure regulating precision casting device, which can ensure that the whole pressure regulating casting process is carried out under vacuum, reduce the possibility of alloy oxidation, and realize near net shape Casting, which can significantly improve the filling capacity of thin-walled castings.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device, which includes: a temperature control system, a pressure-regulating furnace, and a pressure-regulating gas circuit control system, wherein: the temperature control system includes a pressure-regulating furnace Internal temperature measurement system, resistance heating system and intermediate frequency induction heating system, the temperature measurement system in the pressure regulating furnace includes a contact temperature measurement system and a non-contact temperature measurement system; the pressure regulating furnace is composed of upper tanks stacked in sequence , the lower tank body and the middle partition, and the upper tank body, the middle partition and the lower tank body are clamped by joint screw rods; one end of the pressure regulating gas circuit control system is connected to the pressure regulating furnace, and the other end is connected to the pressure regulating furnace. The vacuum system and the inert gas source are connected in sequence to control the vacuum degree and pressure in the pressure regulating furnace;

The contact temperature measuring system is arranged on the lower side of the intermediate partition of the pressure regulating furnace, and is used for preheating the liquid riser and the shell, so as to ensure that the whole pressure regulating process does not need to break the vacuum condition; the non-contact temperature measuring system, the The intermediate frequency induction heating system is set in the lower tank body of the pressure regulating furnace. The intermediate frequency induction heating system is built-in for melting the alloy crucible, and the non-contact temperature measurement system is set above the crucible for real-time measurement of the temperature of the alloy liquid; The above-mentioned resistance heating system is respectively arranged in the upper tank body of the pressure regulating furnace and the lower side of the middle partition.

Preferably, the intermediate frequency induction heating system is composed of intermediate frequency induction coils, fixed electrodes, water-cooled cables, intermediate frequency induction heating power supplies, and crucibles, wherein: the intermediate frequency induction coils and the crucible are arranged inside the lower tank of the pressure regulating furnace, and the crucible is built in the intermediate frequency Induction coils for melting alloys.

Preferably, the upper tank body has a vault structure, and a pressure ring for fastening and compressing the sand box is welded on the inner side of the top of the upper tank body, and lifting lugs are welded on the vault of the upper tank body.

Preferably, a mold and a riser are installed in the upper tank, and the riser passes through the middle partition and the resistance heating system enters the crucible of the lower tank; A sand box, and the sand box is installed in the resistance heating system of the upper tank body, and the upper end of the sand box is provided with a pressure iron for solidification of the mold.

Preferably, an automatic lifting platform is installed in the lower tank body, and the automatic lifting platform is used for lifting the crucible to improve the utilization efficiency of the alloy liquid and reduce the time for the bottom end of the liquid riser to be immersed in the alloy liquid.

Preferably, positioning pin holes corresponding to the positioning pins of the upper and lower tank bodies are provided in the middle partition.

Preferably, the upper and lower tanks are provided with vent holes, and the upper and lower tanks are connected to the pressure regulating air circuit control system through the vent holes.

Preferably, the resistance heating system is equipped with a contact temperature measurement system to measure the preheating temperature of the sand box and the riser to facilitate the implementation of the casting process; The temperature measurement system can measure the temperature of the alloy in real time, which is convenient for the temperature control system to intelligently control the temperature of the alloy liquid.

The invention is equipped with a resistance heating system for the preheating shell and the liquid riser, which avoids the process of installing the shell and the liquid riser in the vacuum environment after the alloy smelting is completed, and reduces the oxidation degree of the alloy; at the same time, the lower tank is equipped with an automatic The lifting platform can control the position of the crucible in real time, improve the utilization efficiency of the alloy, reduce the contact time between the liquid riser and the alloy liquid, and improve the process reliability.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) It can effectively realize the real-time temperature control of alloy liquid, casting mold and liquid riser, which improves the controllability of the pressure regulating casting process.

(2) Eliminate the oxidation link of the alloy liquid, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of defects such as oxidation, pores, and inclusions in the casting.

(3) The contact time of the liquid riser and the alloy liquid is reduced, the process requirements for the liquid riser are reduced, and the utilization rate of the alloy liquid is improved at the same time.

Description of drawings

Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan layout of a superalloy pressure regulating casting device;

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a superalloy pressure-regulating casting furnace;

In the figure: temperature control system 1, pressure regulating furnace 2, pressure regulating gas circuit control system 3, upper tank body 4, resistance heating system 5, sand box 6, joint screw rod 7, middle partition 8, fastening bolt 9 , automatic lifting platform 10, lower tank body 11, weight iron 12, quartz sand 13, shell 14, air hole 15, positioning pin 16, liquid riser 17, contact temperature measurement system 18, refractory fiberboard 19, non-contact Temperature measuring system 20, alumina crucible 21, vent hole 22, medium frequency induction heating system 23.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this embodiment provides an integrated superalloy pressure regulating precision casting device, which includes three main parts: temperature control system 1, pressure regulating furnace 2 and pressure regulating gas circuit control system 3, specifically of:

The temperature control system 1 includes a contact temperature measurement system 18, a non-contact temperature measurement system 20, a resistance heating system 5 and an intermediate frequency induction heating system 23, wherein: the contact temperature measurement system 18 is fixed on the partition of the pressure regulating furnace 2 The lower side of the plate 8 is used to preheat the riser pipe 17 and the mold shell 14 to ensure that the entire pressure regulation process does not need to break the vacuum condition; the resistance heating system 5 is respectively fixed in the upper tank body 4 of the pressure regulating furnace 2 and the middle partition 8 The lower side of the lower side; the non-contact temperature measurement system 20 and the intermediate frequency induction heating system 23 are all installed in the lower tank body 10, the intermediate frequency induction heating system 23 has a built-in crucible 21 for melting alloys, and the non-contact temperature measurement system 20 is installed in the crucible 21 Above, for real-time measurement of alloy liquid temperature.

The pressure regulating furnace 2 includes an upper tank body 4, a middle partition 8 and a lower tank body 11 stacked in sequence, and the middle partition 8 separates the upper tank body 4 and the lower tank body 11 of the pressure regulating furnace 2; Eight movable screw rods 7 are used to clamp between the tank body 4, the middle partition plate 8 and the lower tank body 11.

The pressure regulating gas circuit control system 3 is arranged outside the furnace body of the pressure regulating furnace 2, one end of which is connected to the pressure regulating furnace 2, and the other end is connected to the vacuum system and the inert gas source in order to adjust the temperature in the pressure regulating furnace 2. Vacuum degree and pressure; the pressure regulating air circuit control system 3 is controlled by computer software to realize the pressure change during the pressure regulating process.

In this embodiment, the upper tank body 4 is a vault structure, the outer wall and the inner pressure ring are made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel plate, the middle partition 8 is made of 16MnR special steel for pressure vessels, and the structural pressure is designed and manufactured according to 1.0MPa pressure. Middle dividing plate 8 is equipped with 3 and 3 locating pin holes corresponding to 3 locating pins 16 on the upper tank body 4, the lower tank body 11. The top inner side of the upper tank body 4 is welded with a pressure ring for fastening and compressing the sand box, and 3 lifting lugs for hanging are welded on the vault.

In this embodiment, a casting mold 14 and a liquid riser 17 are installed in the upper tank body 4, and the liquid riser 17 passes through the middle partition 8 and the resistance heating system 5 and enters the crucible 21 of the lower tank body 11; Sand box 6 is installed in the middle of 14 and the inner shell of upper tank body 4, and sand box 6 is installed in the resistance heating system 5 of upper tank body 4;

In this embodiment, the upper tank body 4 is provided with a vent hole 15 , and the lower tank body 11 is provided with a vent hole 22 , and the vent holes 15 and 22 are both connected to the pressure regulating air circuit control system 3 .

In this embodiment, the intermediate frequency induction heating system 23 is composed of an intermediate frequency induction coil, a fixed electrode, a water-cooled cable, an intermediate frequency induction heating power supply, and a crucible 21. The intermediate frequency induction coil has a built-in crucible 21 for melting alloys, the intermediate frequency induction coil and the crucible 21 They are all arranged inside the lower tank body 11 of the pressure regulating furnace 2, and the intermediate frequency induction coil is connected to the intermediate frequency induction heating power supply through the lower tank body 11.

In this embodiment, the lower tank body 11 is also provided with an automatic lifting platform 10. The automatic lifting platform 10 is used to lift the crucible 21 to improve the utilization efficiency of the alloy liquid and reduce the risk of the bottom end of the liquid riser 17 being immersed in the alloy liquid. time.

In this embodiment, after the liquid riser 17 and the mold 14 are installed, the pressure regulating gas circuit control system 3 is used to adjust the vacuum degree in the pressure regulating furnace 2; the temperature control system 1 preheats the liquid riser 17 and the mold 14 to melt the alloy ; When the alloy reaches the pouring temperature, the pressure regulating gas path control system 3 is used to adjust the vacuum degree and pressure in the pressure regulating furnace 2 .

When the above-mentioned device in this embodiment is used for pressure-regulating casting of high-temperature alloy castings, first open the lower tank body 11 of the pressure-regulating furnace 2, put the alloy into the crucible 21, and adjust the automatic lifting platform 10 to a suitable position; install the middle partition 8 , put the riser pipe 17 through the middle partition 8, and place a high-temperature-resistant gasket on the underside of the boss of the riser pipe 17; place the sand box 6 in a suitable position, and place the mold 14 in the sand box 6 to match the riser The liquid pipe 17 is docked, and the boss of the liquid riser 17 is wrapped with a high-temperature resistant gasket and alumina paint; pour quartz sand 13 into the sand box 6, put a weight 12 on it, adjust the position properly and cover the upper tank body 4, Lock the upper and lower tanks 4 and 11 so that the upper tank 4, the lower tank 11, the shell 14, and the riser pipe 17 are effectively sealed; the upper tank 4 and the lower tank 11 are vacuumed Preheat the riser pipe 17 and the casting mold 14 to a suitable temperature through the resistance heating system 5 and then keep it warm for 1 hour; melt the alloy to a suitable temperature, fill the tank body 11 with argon gas to prevent the alloy from oxidizing, and make the molten alloy Under the action of the pressure difference, press it into the cavity of the casting mold 14 along the riser pipe 17; when the filling is completed, under the condition of keeping the vacuum degree of the upper tank body 4 and the lower tank body 11 constant, the upper tank body 4, the lower tank body 11 Adjust the pressure of the lower tank 11, that is, fill it with argon to quickly change the pressure from negative pressure to positive pressure, and maintain the set positive pressure value according to the process requirements; at the same time, adjust the resistance heating system 5 on the lower side of the middle partition Heating the temperature to prevent the solidification of the alloy in the liquid riser 17; when the casting is solidified, immediately release the pressure on the upper and lower tanks 4 and 11, so that the alloy liquid in the riser 17 flows back into the crucible 21, and the upper tank 4 is opened. After cooling, the casting mold 14 and the quartz sand 13 are poured out, separated, and the casting is demolded.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device, characterized in that it includes: a temperature control system, a pressure-regulating furnace, and a pressure-regulating gas circuit control system, wherein: the temperature control system includes a temperature-measuring system in the pressure-regulating furnace , a resistance heating system and an intermediate frequency induction heating system, the temperature measuring system in the pressure regulating furnace includes a contact temperature measuring system and a non-contact temperature measuring system; the pressure regulating furnace consists of an upper tank body and a lower tank body stacked in sequence And the intermediate partition, and the upper tank, the intermediate partition, and the lower tank are clamped by joint screw rods; one end of the pressure regulating gas circuit control system is connected to the pressure regulating furnace, and the other end is connected to the vacuum system and inert The gas sources are connected in sequence to control the vacuum and pressure in the pressure regulating furnace; The contact temperature measuring system is arranged on the lower side of the intermediate partition of the pressure regulating furnace, and is used for preheating the liquid riser and the shell, so as to ensure that the whole pressure regulating process does not need to break the vacuum condition; the non-contact temperature measuring system, the The intermediate frequency induction heating systems are all installed in the lower tank of the pressure regulating furnace. The intermediate frequency induction heating system has a built-in crucible for melting the alloy, and the non-contact temperature measurement system is installed above the crucible for real-time measurement of the temperature of the alloy liquid; The resistance heating system is respectively arranged in the upper tank body and the lower side of the middle partition of the pressure regulating furnace. 2. An integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate frequency induction heating system is composed of intermediate frequency induction coils, fixed electrodes, water-cooled cables, intermediate frequency induction heating power supplies, and crucibles, Wherein: the intermediate frequency induction coil and the crucible are arranged inside the lower tank body of the pressure regulating furnace, and the crucible is built in the intermediate frequency induction coil for melting the alloy. 3. The integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper tank body is a vault structure, and the inner side of the top of the upper tank body is welded with sand for fastening and compacting. The pressure ring of the tank, and the lifting lugs are welded on the vault of the upper tank. 4. A kind of integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, a shell and a liquid riser are installed in the upper tank, and the liquid riser passes through the middle partition, The resistance heating system enters the crucible of the lower tank body; a sand box is installed between the mold and the inner shell of the upper tank body, and the sand box is installed in the resistance heating system in the upper tank body, and the upper end of the sand box is provided with a pressure solidified mold of pressed iron. 5. A kind of integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, an automatic lifting platform is also installed in the lower tank body, and the automatic lifting platform is used for lifting the crucible to increase the temperature of the alloy liquid. Utilize efficiency and reduce the time for the bottom end of the riser tube to be immersed in the alloy liquid. 6. An integrated superalloy pressure regulating precision casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower tank bodies are provided with vent holes, and the upper and lower tank bodies are connected to the pressure regulating device through the vent holes. Airway control system. 7. A kind of integrated superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the resistance heating system is equipped with a contact temperature measuring system for measuring the temperature of the sand box and the riser. The preheating temperature is convenient for the implementation of the casting process; and a non-contact temperature measurement system is installed on the refractory fiberboard above the crucible to measure the temperature of the alloy in real time, which is convenient for the temperature control system to intelligently control the temperature of the alloy liquid. 8 . The one-piece superalloy pressure-regulating precision casting device according to claim 1 , wherein positioning pin holes corresponding to the positioning pins of the upper and lower tank bodies are provided in the middle partition.