CN104294257A - 一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺 - Google Patents
一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 Sodium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/44—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also fluorides or complex fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，该工艺采用的钝化液的组成为：硝酸锌16-20g/L，硝酸锰12-16g/L，钼酸钠6-8g/L，氟硼酸钠5-7g/L，氟硅酸钠6-8g/L，硫酸锆3-5g/L，硫酸钛0.5-1.5g/L，硝酸铈0.3-0.7g/L，高锰酸钾10-14g/L，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚4-6g/L，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：1）铝合金件表面的预处理；2）配制具有上述组成的钝化液，将其稀释10-14倍放入钝化槽中，然后将经过预处理的铝合金件置于钝化槽中，保持其温度为70-80℃，pH值为2-3，处理时间2-4分钟；3）将钝化处理后的铝合金件用自来水清洗，冷风吹干。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及表面处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺。
背景技术
为了提高面漆的附着力和防腐性能，金属在进行表面喷塑或者喷漆之前，需要进行前处理。目前在中国市场普遍使用的前处理液是主要适用于钢铁的磷化液和主要适用于铝和铝合金的铬化液。
铝件铬化液广泛地应用于各种工业产品表面处理中，虽然钝化效果较好，但是铬化液的主要成分铬酸酐对操作者的身体健康造成巨大危害，对环境和水质造成严重污染。在铬酸酐的安全技术说明书(MSDS)的第三部分和第十二部分中明确地描述了它对健康和对生态环境的危害性：健康危害：急性中毒；吸入后可引起急性呼吸道刺激症状、鼻出血、声音嘶哑、鼻黏膜委缩，有时出现哮喘和紫绀。重者可发生化学性肺炎。口服可刺激和腐蚀消化道，引起恶心、呕吐、腹痛、血便等；重者出现呼吸困难、紫绀、休克、肝损害及急性肾功能衰竭等。慢性影响：有接触性皮炎、铬溃疡、鼻炎、鼻中隔穿孔及呼吸道炎症等。燃爆危险：本品助燃，高毒，为致癌物，具腐蚀性、刺激性，可致人体灼伤。生态危害性：该物质对环境有危害，对水体可造成污染，在对人类重要食物链中，特别是在肉类、贝类体内发生生物蓄积。
根据国家规定，在铬化后排放的废液中，六价铬的含量不能超过0.5ppm.因此，使用的厂家需要投入大量的资金进行废水处理。
根据美国和欧洲的最新规定，从2007年开始，所有机动车辆的部件不允许再含有铬底膜，含有铬底膜的部件不允许进口，此外，含有铬膜的费料视为有毒费料。
近年来，国际上对铝件无铬钝化液的开发和生产越来越热门，在现有的无铬钝化液中，有镐化液，钛盐钝化液，磷酸盐假转化型钝化液等。但是用效果不是很理想
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，该工艺通过对钝化液的组分的调整，可代替铬化液进行钝化处理，安全环保，且钝化膜致密，耐腐蚀性好，适合于汽车上的铝合金件使用。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，该工艺采用的钝化液的组成为：硝酸锌16-20g/L，硝酸锰12-16g/L，钼酸钠6-8g/L，氟硼酸钠5-7g/L，氟硅酸钠6-8g/L，硫酸锆3-5g/L，硫酸钛0.5-1.5g/L，硝酸铈0.3-0.7g/L，高锰酸钾10-14g/L，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚4-6g/L，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
1）铝合金件表面的预处理：铝合金件表面用金相砂纸由粗至细逐一打磨，然后用自来水清洗，再用去离子水清洗；
2）配制具有上述组成的钝化液，将其稀释10-14倍放入钝化槽中，然后将经过预处理的铝合金件置于钝化槽中，保持其温度为70-80℃，pH值为2-3，处理时间2-4分钟；
3）将钝化处理后的铝合金件用自来水清洗，冷风吹干。
本发明的有益效果如下：
(1)本发明采用的钝化液不含有对环境有严重污染的铬成分，适于汽车用铝合金件使用，满足各国对汽车零件环保的要求；
(2)本发明工艺流程简单，成本低，利于工业化；
(3)本发明工艺成膜耐蚀性好，接近铬化水平。
具体实施方式
实施例一
一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，该工艺采用的钝化液的组成为：硝酸锌16g/L，硝酸锰16g/L，钼酸钠6g/L，氟硼酸钠7g/L，氟硅酸钠6g/L，硫酸锆5g/L，硫酸钛0.5g/L，硝酸铈0.7g/L，高锰酸钾10g/L，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚6g/L，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
1）铝合金件表面的预处理：铝合金件表面用金相砂纸由粗至细逐一打磨，然后用自来水清洗，再用去离子水清洗；
2）配制具有上述组成的钝化液，将其稀释10倍放入钝化槽中，然后将经过预处理的铝合金件置于钝化槽中，保持其温度为80℃，pH值为2，处理时间4分钟；
3）将钝化处理后的铝合金件用自来水清洗，冷风吹干。
实施例二
一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，该工艺采用的钝化液的组成为：硝酸锌20g/L，硝酸锰12g/L，钼酸钠8g/L，氟硼酸钠5g/L，氟硅酸钠8g/L，硫酸锆3g/L，硫酸钛1.5g/L，硝酸铈0.3g/L，高锰酸钾14g/L，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚4g/L，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
1）铝合金件表面的预处理：铝合金件表面用金相砂纸由粗至细逐一打磨，然后用自来水清洗，再用去离子水清洗；
2）配制具有上述组成的钝化液，将其稀释14倍放入钝化槽中，然后将经过预处理的铝合金件置于钝化槽中，保持其温度为70℃，pH值为3，处理时间2分钟；
3）将钝化处理后的铝合金件用自来水清洗，冷风吹干。
实施例三
一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，该工艺采用的钝化液的组成为：硝酸锌18g/L，硝酸锰14g/L，钼酸钠7g/L，氟硼酸钠6g/L，氟硅酸钠7g/L，硫酸锆4g/L，硫酸钛1.0g/L，硝酸铈0.5g/L，高锰酸钾12g/L，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5g/L，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
1）铝合金件表面的预处理：铝合金件表面用金相砂纸由粗至细逐一打磨，然后用自来水清洗，再用去离子水清洗；
2）配制具有上述组成的钝化液，将其稀释12倍放入钝化槽中，然后将经过预处理的铝合金件置于钝化槽中，保持其温度为75℃，pH值为2.5，处理时间3分钟；
3）将钝化处理后的铝合金件用自来水清洗，冷风吹干。
Claims (1)
1.一种应用到汽车上的铝合金件钝化工艺，其特征在于，该工艺采用的钝化液的组成为：硝酸锌16-20g/L，硝酸锰12-16g/L，钼酸钠6-8g/L，氟硼酸钠5-7g/L，氟硅酸钠6-8g/L，硫酸锆3-5g/L，硫酸钛0.5-1.5g/L，硝酸铈0.3-0.7g/L，高锰酸钾10-14g/L，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚4-6g/L，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
1）铝合金件表面的预处理：铝合金件表面用金相砂纸由粗至细逐一打磨，然后用自来水清洗，再用去离子水清洗；
2）配制具有上述组成的钝化液，将其稀释10-14倍放入钝化槽中，然后将经过预处理的铝合金件置于钝化槽中，保持其温度为70-80℃，pH值为2-3，处理时间2-4分钟；
3）将钝化处理后的铝合金件用自来水清洗，冷风吹干。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019239077A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Sas | Procédé de traitement de surface d'une pièce en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium ou en magnésium ou alliage de magnésium |
| WO2020128353A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Université De Pau Et Des Pays De L'adour | Solution de traitement anticorrosion et utilisations |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019239077A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Sas | Procédé de traitement de surface d'une pièce en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium ou en magnésium ou alliage de magnésium |
| FR3082528A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-20 | Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Sas | Composition aqueuse et procede de traitement de surface d'une piece en alliage d'aluminium mettant en œuvre une telle composition |
| WO2020128353A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Université De Pau Et Des Pays De L'adour | Solution de traitement anticorrosion et utilisations |
| FR3090694A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-26 | Université De Pau Et Des Pays De L'adour | Solution de traitement anticorrosion et utilisations |
| CN113544312A (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-10-22 | 波城大学 | 防腐蚀处理液及用途 |
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