CN106016331A - Biomass combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a biomass combustion furnace. This biomass combustion furnace is equipped with the exhaust pipe who is used for discharging the flue gas including having the furnace body that burns furnace, biomass combustion furnace is including locating the interior heat transfer device of stove that burns furnace, biomass combustion furnace still including locating the heat transfer device that discharges fume in the exhaust pipe, and the heat transfer device that discharges fume absorbs the residual heat in the exhaust flue gas and is heated, helps the residual heat in the flue gas by make full use of, and simultaneously, the temperature of discharging the flue gas also reduces to some extent.

Description

A biomass burning furnace

technical field

The invention relates to a biomass burning furnace.

Background technique

The existing energy is generally dominated by coal, oil, natural gas, etc. With the massive consumption of energy, energy will become more and more scarce. In the case of energy shortage, people urgently need new energy to replace coal, oil, natural gas, etc. New energy includes wind energy, solar energy, biomass, etc. Biomass energy mainly includes crop straw, etc., and crop straw has the advantages of large quantity and low cost and has been widely used. The use of biomass energy requires putting crop stalks into the combustion furnace for burning to provide energy.

For example, the application publication number is CN 105020884 A, and the Chinese patent titled a biomass burning furnace discloses a biomass burning furnace. The biomass burning furnace includes a shell (equivalent to a furnace body), and a chimney is arranged above the shell (equivalent to the smoke exhaust channel), there is a combustion chamber inside the casing, and a heat exchanger is arranged above the combustion chamber, and the energy of biomass fuel combustion is transferred to the heat exchanger and used by people. However, during the combustion of biomass fuel, a large amount of flue gas is emitted, and the residual heat in the flue gas is discharged into the air without being well utilized, resulting in waste.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomass combustion furnace to solve the technical problem that the heat in the flue gas in the combustion process is not fully utilized.

The technical scheme of the biomass burning furnace in the present invention is: a biomass burning furnace, including a furnace body with a combustion furnace, the furnace body is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe for discharging flue gas, and the biomass burning furnace includes a The heat exchange device in the furnace is characterized in that: the biomass combustion furnace also includes a smoke exhaust heat exchange device arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe.

The smoke exhaust heat exchange device and the furnace heat exchange device are connected in series to form the total heat exchange device.

The inlet of the smoke exhaust heat exchange device constitutes the inlet of the total heat exchange device, and the outlet of the heat exchange device in the furnace constitutes the outlet of the total heat exchange device.

The smoke exhaust pipe includes a horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section arranged horizontally, and the smoke exhaust heat exchange device is arranged on the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section.

A fire grate is arranged in the combustion furnace, and the fire grate is arranged downwardly from left to right, and an openable and closed ash discharge door is provided between the lower end of the fire grate and the inner wall of the combustion furnace.

The heat exchange device in the furnace is located above the right side of the grate.

The top of the furnace body is provided with a feeding port, and the upper part of the feeding port is provided with a feeding device. The feeding device includes a funnel. The material inlet and the material outlet of the funnel used for material going out, and the material outlet of the funnel communicates with the feeding port.

The feeding device also includes a vibrating sorter. The vibrating sorter has a large material outlet for large materials and a small material outlet for small materials. The mouth is connected.

The large material outlet and the feeding port are connected through a material crusher located between the large material outlet and the feeding port. The material crusher has a crusher material inlet and a crusher material outlet, and the crusher material inlet is connected with the large material outlet. The material outlet of the machine is connected with the feeding port.

The feeding port is located on the left side of the top of the furnace body, and a fire grate is arranged in the combustion furnace, and the fire grate is arranged downwardly from left to right.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the biomass combustion furnace includes a furnace body with a combustion furnace, the furnace body is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe for discharging flue gas, the biomass combustion furnace includes a furnace heat exchange device arranged in the combustion furnace, The biomass combustion furnace also includes a smoke exhaust heat exchange device located in the exhaust pipe. The smoke exhaust heat exchange device absorbs the residual heat in the exhaust flue gas and is heated, which helps the residual heat in the flue gas to be fully utilized, and at the same time , the temperature of the exhaust gas is also reduced.

Furthermore, the smoke exhaust heat exchange device and the furnace heat exchange device are connected in series to form a total heat exchange device, and the total heat exchange device utilizes the heat in the furnace and flue gas.

Further, the inlet of the smoke exhaust heat exchange device constitutes the inlet of the total heat exchange device, and the outlet of the heat exchange device in the furnace constitutes the outlet of the total heat exchange device. The inlet of the device enters and exits from the outlet of the furnace heat exchange device, that is, the fluid first passes through the exhaust heat exchange device and then passes through the furnace heat exchange device. The fluid is first preheated by the flue gas and then heated by the high temperature in the furnace. The design of the flue gas is more reasonable, which helps the fluid to absorb more heat in the flue gas. In addition, the flow direction of the fluid is opposite to the direction of the flue gas discharge, which also helps the fluid to absorb the heat in the flue gas well.

Furthermore, the sieve holes on the sieve of the funnel filter out impurities such as sand and gravel, which helps to reduce the slagging rate in the combustion process of biomass combustion.

Further, the vibrating sorter separates the small material from the large material in the biomass fuel, and the sand in the small material is filtered out through the funnel, and the smaller biomass fuel in the small material enters the combustion furnace through the feeding port Inside, the bulk material is the larger biomass fuel, and this part also enters the combustion furnace.

Furthermore, the material pulverizer pulverizes the large material, and the pulverized large material enters the combustion furnace, which is conducive to the complete combustion of the biomass.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a biomass combustion furnace in the present invention.

In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. funnel; 3. material crusher; 4. grate; 5. blower; 6. screw conveyor; 7. ash discharge door; 8. water pipe in the furnace; Pipe section; 10. Vertical smoke exhaust pipe section; 11. Vibrating sorter; 12. Smoke exhaust water pipe; 13. Feeding port; 14. Neck section; 15. Ash discharge port; 16. Air supply port; 19. Total heat exchange The inlet of the device; 20, the outlet of the total heat exchange device; 21, the connecting pipe section; 22, the left horizontal pipe section; 23, the right horizontal pipe section.

detailed description

The embodiment of the biomass burning furnace in the present invention is shown in Fig. 1 . The biomass combustion furnace includes a furnace body 1 with a combustion furnace. The left side of the top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a feeding port 13, and the upper part of the feeding port 13 is provided with a feeding device. The feeding device includes a vibrating sorter 11 and a material crusher 3 and funnel 2, funnel 2 is a fine mesh funnel, vibrating sorter 11 has a large material outlet for large materials to go out and a small material outlet for small materials to go out, material crusher 3 has a crusher material inlet and crushing The material outlet of the machine, the funnel 2 has a screen, the screen has a sieve for sand and gravel to filter out, and the funnel 2 also has a funnel material inlet for the material to enter and a funnel material outlet for the material to go out. The small material outlet is connected with the material inlet of the funnel, the discharge outlet of the funnel is connected with the feeding port; the large material outlet is connected with the feeding port through the material crusher, the material inlet of the crusher is connected with the large material outlet, and the material outlet of the crusher is connected with the feeding port. Port 13 is connected. The vibrating sorter 11 separates the small materials from the large materials in the biomass fuel, and the sand in the small materials is filtered out through the sieve on the funnel, and the smaller biomass fuel in the small materials enters through the feeding port. In the furnace: the bulky material is the larger biomass fuel, this part enters the material crusher for crushing, and the crushed biomass fuel also enters the combustion furnace through the feeding port. A fire grate 4 is arranged in the combustion furnace, and the fire grate 4 is inclined downward from left to right, and an openable and closable ash discharge door 7 is provided between the lower end of the fire grate 4 and the inner wall of the combustion furnace. The lower end of the furnace body 1 has a necking section 14 with a large top and a small bottom. The bottom of the necking section 14 is provided with an ash discharge port 15 , and a screw conveyor 6 is provided at the lower side of the ash discharge port 15 . The left side of the lower part of the furnace body 1 is provided with an air supply port 16 , and the air supply port 16 is connected with a blower fan 5 .

The furnace body 1 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe for exhausting flue gas. The biomass burning furnace also includes a horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section 9 and a vertical smoke exhaust pipe section 10 arranged vertically. The smoke heat exchange device, the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section 9 includes left and right horizontal pipe sections arranged on the left and right and a connecting pipe section 21 arranged between the left and right horizontal pipe sections. The pipe sections 23 are connected, and the smoke exhaust heat exchange device is arranged in the connecting pipe section 21 of the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section 9 . There is a furnace heat exchange device inside the combustion furnace, and the furnace heat exchange device is located on the upper right side of the grate 4. The smoke exhaust heat exchange device and the furnace heat exchange device are connected in series to form a total heat exchange device. The smoke exhaust heat exchange device The device is a smoke exhaust water pipe 12, and the heat exchange device in the furnace is a water pipe 8 in the furnace. The inlet of the smoke exhaust water pipe 12 constitutes the inlet 19 of the total heat exchange device, and the outlet of the furnace internal water pipe 8 constitutes the outlet 20 of the total heat exchange device.

The working process of the biomass burning furnace is as follows: the biomass fuel is sent to the vibration sorter 11, and the vibration sorter 11 separates the biomass fuel from impurities such as sand and gravel, and the biomass fuel enters the material crusher 3 for crushing, and the sand Impurities such as stone enter the funnel 2 and are filtered out. The broken biomass fuel and a small amount of biomass fuel entering the funnel all fall on the grate 4 in the combustion furnace through the feeding port 13 for full combustion. During the combustion process, the furnace water pipe 8 above the grate 4 is heated, and the flue gas generated during the combustion process will heat the smoke exhaust water pipe 12, and the generated ash will fall to the ash discharge port 15 through the ash discharge door, and then from the ash discharge port 15. The ash discharge port 15 enters the screw conveyor 6 and is sent to the outside of the combustion furnace. The heated water can be used by people for heating, drinking and washing. The combustion furnace has a novel structure, high combustion efficiency, and can also reduce exhaust gas temperature and slagging rate.

In other embodiments of the biomass burning furnace in the present invention, the smoke exhaust water pipe is not connected to the furnace water pipe, the smoke exhaust water pipe penetrates into the smoke exhaust pipe from the outside and then passes out from the smoke exhaust pipe, and the furnace water pipe passes from the outside Enter the combustion furnace and pass out from the combustion furnace.

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the heat exchange device in the furnace is a gas pipe in the furnace, and the smoke exhaust heat exchange device is a smoke exhaust pipe, and the heat produced by burning biomass fuel heats the gas.

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the smoke exhaust heat exchange device can also be arranged in the vertical smoke exhaust pipe section, and the smoke exhaust heat exchange device can also be installed in both the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section and the vertical smoke exhaust pipe section .

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section is composed of an integrated pipe section, and the smoke exhaust heat exchange device is arranged in the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe section.

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the vertical smoke exhaust pipe section can be omitted.

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the smoke exhaust pipe may also be a curved pipe.

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the material crusher can be omitted, and the large material outlet of the vibrating sorter is directly connected with the feeding port.

In other embodiments of the biomass combustion furnace in the present invention, the material crusher and vibrating sorter can be omitted, and the material enters the combustion furnace through the feeding port after being filtered by the funnel.

Claims (10)

1. a biomass combustion furnace, including the body of heater with burner hearth, body of heater is provided with the smoke discharging pipe for discharging flue gas, and biomass combustion furnace includes heat-exchanger rig in the stove being located in burner hearth, it is characterised in that: biomass combustion furnace also includes the smoke evacuation heat-exchanger rig being located in smoke discharging pipe.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: smoke evacuation heat-exchanger rig concatenates the total heat-exchanger rig of composition mutually with heat-exchanger rig in stove.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the import of smoke evacuation heat-exchanger rig constitutes the import of total heat-exchanger rig, the outlet of the total thermal of the export mixes of heat-exchanger rig in stove.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: smoke discharging pipe includes that horizontally disposed horizontal row smoke pipe section, smoke evacuation heat-exchanger rig are located at described horizontal row smoke pipe section.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with fire grate in burner hearth, the most downward-sloping setting of fire grate, it is provided with ash-draining gate to be opened/closed between lower end and the inwall of burner hearth of fire grate.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in stove, heat-exchanger rig is located at above the right side of fire grate.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of body of heater is provided with feeding port, the top of feeding port is provided with pay-off, pay-off includes funnel, funnel has screen cloth, screen cloth has the sieve aperture filtered out for sandstone, and funnel also has the funnel material inlet entered for material and the funnel material outlet gone out for material, and funnel discharge outlet is connected with feeding port.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: pay-off also includes shaking sorter, vibrations sorter has the big material outlet gone out for big material and the little material outlet gone out for little material, little material outlet is connected with hopper feed mouth, and big material outlet is connected with feeding port.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: big material outlet is connected by the material crusher being located between big material outlet and feeding port with feeding port, material crusher has disintegrating machine material inlet and disintegrating machine material outlet, disintegrating machine material inlet is connected with big material outlet, and disintegrating machine material outlet is connected with feeding port.

Biomass combustion furnace the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: feeding port is positioned at the left side at the top of body of heater, is provided with fire grate in burner hearth, the most downward-sloping setting of fire grate.