CN121757724A - Angular momentum deviation rectifying system of crane - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an angular momentum correction system for a crane, comprising: an offset detection device and a correction device; the offset detection device is installed below the traveling wheels at the bottom of the crane's outriggers, and the correction device is installed in the middle of the crane's outriggers; the outriggers support the crane's main beam via slewing bearings; the offset detection device includes: a spring, a telescopic rod, a pulley, and a support structure; the correction device includes: a first rotating shaft, a housing, a flywheel, and a second rotating shaft. The crane angular momentum correction system provided by this invention, through the rotation of the first and second rotating shafts, drives the crane support to rotate according to the principle of conservation of angular momentum, thereby achieving correction; a motion sensor detects the current offset of the crane support in real time; the slewing bearing design ensures that the main beam remains stationary during the correction process, so even if the outriggers rotate, the cargo will not be affected, thus ensuring operational stability.

Description

Angular momentum deviation rectifying system of crane

Technical Field

The invention relates to an angular momentum correction system of a crane, and belongs to the technical field of loading machinery.

Background

Bridge and portal cranes are widely applied in industrial production, and are the hoisting machinery with the widest application range and the largest number. These cranes have the characteristics of large span and high efficiency. However, due to the structural characteristics, such as large span, low horizontal rigidity and complex transmission mechanisms, the bridge and the portal crane often have different degrees of deviation or rail biting in the running process. The phenomenon not only affects the normal operation of the crane, but also can cause serious damage to equipment, thereby increasing the operation and maintenance cost and reducing the production safety and efficiency. Especially after the crane has long running time, the service lives of the travelling wheels and the rails are greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the technology and providing a system capable of realizing correction of the travelling wheel by utilizing conservation of angular momentum when the travelling wheel of the crane deviates from the track.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the angular momentum deviation correcting system of the crane comprises a deviation detecting device and a deviation correcting device, wherein the deviation detecting device is arranged below a travelling wheel at the bottom of a supporting leg of the crane, and the deviation correcting device is arranged in the middle of the supporting leg of the crane;

The deflection detection device comprises a spring, a telescopic rod, a pulley and a supporting structure, wherein one end of the supporting structure is connected with a supporting leg of the crane, the other end of the supporting structure extends to the position below a travelling wheel at the bottom of the supporting leg of the crane, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the supporting structure, the pulley is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod, the pulley contacts a track matched with the travelling wheel at the bottom of the supporting leg of the crane, the spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod and has a trend of enabling the movable end of the telescopic rod to move towards the track, the telescopic rod is connected with a movement amount sensor, and the movement amount sensor outputs the movement amount sensor to a control device;

The deviation correcting device comprises a first rotating shaft, a shell, a flywheel and a second rotating shaft, wherein the first rotating shaft is respectively connected with a supporting leg of the crane and the shell, the first rotating shaft can drive the shell to rotate, the flywheel is arranged in the shell and supported by the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft can drive the flywheel to rotate, and the control device controls the rotating angle and the rotating speed of the shell and the flywheel.

The scheme is further improved in that the movement amount sensor is a pressure sensor arranged between the spring and the fixed end of the telescopic rod.

The scheme is further improved in that the moving amount sensor is a distance sensor arranged between the movable end and the fixed end of the telescopic rod.

The scheme is further improved in that the offset detection devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the track.

The angular momentum deviation correcting system of the crane drives the crane bracket to rotate according to the principle of conservation of angular momentum through the rotation of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, so that deviation correction is realized, the deviation of the current crane bracket is detected in real time through the movement quantity sensor, the crane can be effectively prevented from deviating from a track, the turning over or other safety accidents caused by the deviation are reduced, the main beam is ensured to be kept motionless in the deviation correcting process by adopting the design of the slewing bearing, and therefore, even if the supporting legs rotate, goods are not influenced, and the stability of operation is ensured. The angular momentum correction system of the crane provided by the invention not only can be applied to a portal crane, but also can be applied to other heavy machinery, and has good function expansibility.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an offset detecting device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a deviation correcting device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figure are as follows, 10-main beam, 20-slewing bearing, 30-crane support leg, 40-deviation correcting device, 41-first rotating shaft, 42-outer shell, 43-flywheel, 44-second rotating shaft, 50-crane walking wheel, 60-deviation detecting device, 61-spring, 62-telescopic rod, 63-pulley, 64-support, 65-pressure sensor and 70-track.

Detailed Description

In the embodiment, the angular momentum correction system of the crane is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a correction device 40 and an offset detection device 60.

The crane comprises a main beam 10, a slewing bearing 20, a crane support 30 and a crane travelling wheel 50. The main girder 10 is a key part of the crane for carrying and transporting goods in the operation. It is installed above the slew bearing 20 to ensure smooth movement and rotation of the cargo during operation. The swivel bearings 20 are located below the main girder 10, not only supporting the main girder 10, but also allowing free rotation of the main girder 10 in a horizontal direction with respect to the crane foot 30. This design allows the main beam 10 to operate at different angles while maintaining its vertical stability. The crane feet 30 are the basis of the entire crane structure, they are in direct contact with the ground and are connected to the main girder 10 by means of swivel bearings 20.

In the middle position of the crane foot 30, a deviation rectifying device 40 is installed, which is a core component for realizing automatic deviation rectifying. The correction device 40 uses principles of conservation of angular momentum in physics to correct when an offset is detected. The offset detection device 60 is disposed below the crane support 30 and contacts the rail 70, and the offset detection device 60 can monitor the position change of the crane traveling wheel 50 in real time. When the deviation detecting device 60 detects that the crane travelling wheel 50 deviates, the control structure immediately controls the deviation correcting device 40 to adjust.

As shown in fig. 2, the deflection detecting device 60 includes a spring 61, a telescopic rod 62, a pulley 63, and a support 64. The support 64 is connected to the crane support 30, provides a mounting position for the deflection detecting device 60, the bottom end of the support 64 is provided with the telescopic rod 62, the spring 61 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 62, two ends of the spring 61 are respectively connected with the fixed end and the movable end of the telescopic rod 62, and the pulley 63 is mounted at the movable end of the telescopic rod 62 and is tightly attached to the rail 70. The pressure sensor 65 is arranged between the spring 61 and the fixed end of the telescopic rod 62.

The offset detection means 60 is the eye of the whole correction system. The pulley 63 remains in contact with the rail at all times as the crane moves on the rail 70. The spring 61 provides a spring force to the telescopic rod 62 towards the rail 70 so that the pulley 63 can closely fit the surface of the rail 70. This design ensures that the pulley 63 adjusts position following the track shape change even if the track is slightly uneven or curved. When the crane travel wheel 50 is off center, the distance across the track 70 changes. The pressure sensor 65 mounted on the telescoping rod 62 can accurately measure this pressure change and transmit the data to the control structure. The control structure judges whether the deviation rectifying operation needs to be started or not and the deviation rectifying direction and degree according to the information.

In this embodiment, the offset detection devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the track, and according to actual needs, the offset detection devices can independently detect on the left side and the right side, and can also detect on one side, check on one side, and other different embodiments.

The pressure sensor 65 may be replaced with other movement amount detection sensors, such as a displacement sensor, a distance sensor, etc., according to actual needs.

As shown in fig. 3, the deviation correcting device 40 is a key component designed based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum and is used for automatically correcting the deviation of the crane during operation. The deviation correcting device 40 includes a first rotating shaft 41, a housing 42, a flywheel 43, and a second rotating shaft 44. The first pivot 41 is arranged outside the housing 42 and is directly connected to the crane foot 30. This connection allows the first shaft 41 to transmit the angular momentum of the rotational movement of the flywheel to the whole correction device 40. The housing 42 is the main frame of the whole deviation rectifying device 40, and it encloses and protects the flywheel 43 and the second rotating shaft 44 inside. The flywheel 43 is a member having a large moment of inertia. The second rotating shaft 44 is disposed in the middle of the inside of the housing 42 and is coaxially connected with the flywheel 43. The first shaft 41 and the second shaft 44 are driven by necessary power.

The principle of this embodiment is the law of conservation of angular momentum, which means that in a system without external moment, the total angular momentum of the system remains unchanged. This can be expressed in terms of a mathematical expression:;

This means that the angular momentum L does not change over time, which means that it changes over time. The angular momentum L is a vector describing the state of the rotational movement of the object. When a point mass m rotates about a point O at a velocity v, its angular momentum relative to the point O can be expressed as where r is the vector of positions from O to the particle and p is the linear momentum of the particle . In the more general case, in particular for rigid bodies or continuously distributed masses, the angular momentum can be defined by the moment of inertia I and the angular velocity w, i.e.The moment of inertia I is a measure of the ability of an object to resist changing its rotational state. Its value depends on the mass distribution of the object and its position relative to the axis of rotation.

In the present embodiment, the flywheel 43 has a large moment of inertia I, and can rotate on the second rotating shaft 44 while storing a large amount of angular momentum at the time of rotation. When the crane travel wheel 50 is deflected by an external factor, the deflection detection means 60 detects the deflection and sends it to the control structure which changes the angular momentum of the flywheel 43 by adjusting the rotational speed of the flywheel 43. Since the flywheel 43 and the second shaft 44 are a closed system without external moment, the change of the angular momentum of the flywheel 43 will cause the rotation of the whole system and the angular momentum of the flywheel 43 and the crane leg 30 must be correspondingly generated in opposite directions to satisfy the condition of conservation of the angular momentum. The design of the slewing bearing can avoid the problems of inclination and the like of the main beam in the deviation correcting process, and avoid the influence on the hoisted goods.

By adopting the crane of the embodiment, the operation process is as follows:

Step one, initializing the system, switching on the power supply, preparing the crane, and suspending the goods to be carried on the main beam 10.

Step two, the crane starts to move along the track 70.

And step three, detecting the current offset by the offset detecting device 60 in real time, wherein the offset detecting device 60 continuously monitors the state of the travelling wheel 50. If the deviation is detected, the deviation rectifying process is entered. If no offset is detected, proceed is continued.

And step four, shifting occurs, and the deviation correcting device 40 is started. The control structure adjusts the rotational speed of the flywheel 43. By rotating the second rotating shaft 44, the first rotating shaft 41 is rotated according to the direction of the offset, and the correction is achieved.

And fifthly, continuing to advance according to the original plan without shifting.

And step six, unloading the goods by the portal crane, wherein the portal crane is reset, and the crane returns to the initial position after the carrying task is completed.

Step seven, finishing the operation flow, closing the power supply, and stopping the system from working

In summary, the angular momentum correction system of the crane of the embodiment realizes accurate control of the running state of the crane by combining an advanced sensing technology and an angular momentum conservation principle in physics, and provides reliable guarantee for complex lifting operation.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned products. All technical schemes formed by adopting equivalent substitution fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The angular momentum deviation correcting system of the crane is characterized by comprising a deviation detecting device and a deviation correcting device, wherein the deviation detecting device is arranged below a travelling wheel at the bottom of a supporting leg of the crane, and the deviation correcting device is arranged in the middle of the supporting leg of the crane;

The deflection detection device comprises a spring, a telescopic rod, a pulley and a supporting structure, wherein one end of the supporting structure is connected with a supporting leg of the crane, the other end of the supporting structure extends to the position below a travelling wheel at the bottom of the supporting leg of the crane, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the supporting structure, the pulley is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod, the pulley contacts a track matched with the travelling wheel at the bottom of the supporting leg of the crane, the spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod and has a trend of enabling the movable end of the telescopic rod to move towards the track, the telescopic rod is connected with a movement amount sensor, and the movement amount sensor outputs the movement amount sensor to a control device;

The deviation correcting device comprises a first rotating shaft, a shell, a flywheel and a second rotating shaft, wherein the first rotating shaft is respectively connected with a supporting leg of the crane and the shell, the first rotating shaft can drive the shell to rotate, the flywheel is arranged in the shell and supported by the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft can drive the flywheel to rotate, and the control device controls the rotating angle and the rotating speed of the shell and the flywheel.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor of the amount of movement is a pressure sensor disposed between the spring and the fixed end of the telescoping pole.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor of the amount of movement is a distance sensor disposed between the movable end and the fixed end of the telescoping pole.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the displacement detecting devices are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the track.