CN1290959C - Adhesive for forming pelleted powders and pelleted forming articles - Google Patents
Adhesive for forming pelleted powders and pelleted forming articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1290959C CN1290959C CN 03136016 CN03136016A CN1290959C CN 1290959 C CN1290959 C CN 1290959C CN 03136016 CN03136016 CN 03136016 CN 03136016 A CN03136016 A CN 03136016A CN 1290959 C CN1290959 C CN 1290959C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- aluminium
- granulation formation
- binding agent
- powder body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title abstract 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- YARNEMCKJLFQHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ene;styrene Chemical compound CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 YARNEMCKJLFQHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- CFQZKFWQLAHGSL-FNTYJUCDSA-N (3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-18-[(3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-18-[(3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e)-octadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaenoyl]oxyoctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaenoyl]oxyoctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\OC(=O)C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\OC(=O)C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C CFQZKFWQLAHGSL-FNTYJUCDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Substances CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran;1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-methyloxirane Chemical compound CC1OC1Cl LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRBJBYGJVIBWIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isopropylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O CRBJBYGJVIBWIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEEKGULDSDXFCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O MEEKGULDSDXFCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCPOCMMGKBZWSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-hydrazinyl-3-oxopropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)NN HCPOCMMGKBZWSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZBZHVBPVQIHFJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylalumane Chemical compound C[Al](C)C.C[Al](C)C ZBZHVBPVQIHFJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LOGBRYZYTBQBTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O LOGBRYZYTBQBTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The past adhesive has the various defects that moisture for granulation needs to be added into the past adhesive, or the past adhesive has poor form retention, or a large amount of black smoke is discharged when granulation forming matter is used to deteriorate working environment, or the granulation forming matter is overheated. The universality of the past adhesive is defect deficient. The present invention provides adhesive which is matched with bonding resin as a toner, has a suitable softening point and preferably selects resin such as polyol resin, a styrene-acrylic copolymer or polyester resin whose temperature is below 100 DEG C. The present invention used as the adhesive can effectively use a waste toner. Due to the fact that moisture does no need to be added and water resistance is favorable, the adhesive is particularly effective when the adhesive is used for preparing a fluxing agent which is composed of the aluminum slag of aluminum dross, aluminum dust, etc. and is used for smelting steel.
Description
[technical field that the present invention belongs to]
The present invention relates to the binding agent that when complexed metal, metal oxide or mineral or the powder body that cooperates more than 2 kinds in them are carried out granulation formation, uses, and use this binding agent to carry out the resulting granulation formation thing of granulation formation.
[prior art]
The various operations of refining and fusing to be carried out by ore to the metal needs that obtains purpose, and in these operations, the powder body will be produced inevitably.From the viewpoint of efficent use of resources, wish to utilize again these powder bodies, from handling cheap and the operating environment consideration, these powder body granulations to be configured as the approach that is used for utilizing again after the size to a certain degree usually.
When above-mentioned granulation formation, in order to improve granulation, conformality and ultimate compression strength, the past just proposed to cooperate binding agent.Powder body granulating and forming can be polyprotonic acids such as inorganic system such as cement and wilkinite, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, tar and pitch, dimeracid, trimer acid (opening flat 2-270920 number, spy the spy respectively opens flat 3-6334 number, spy and open in flat 6-200332 number open) with binding agent.
But, because inorganic system such as cement and polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose must add moisture, and starch water tolerance and moisture absorption for want of, so be unfavorable being used for producing the such situation of the aluminium slag of hydrogen or ammonia with reaction of moisture.
Polyprotonic acid such as dimeracid, trimer acid is when being used for the aluminium slag, there is following problem: chemical reaction takes place when being shaped because of aluminium nitride, aluminum chloride and the aluminium carbide etc. that wherein contain, make the granulation formation thing fire burns, make as the reduction composition aluminaization and lose reducing power, so also just lost commodity value as additive.
In addition, polyprotonic acid such as dimeracid, trimer acid is much less in the occasion that is used for the aluminium slag, be used for the occasion of other material exactly, the conformality of its granulation formation thing is also poor, the yield of the fragment after not only being shaped is many and make granulation qualification rate variation, and become many with respect to the cooperation ratio of powder body, when the granulation formation thing was used as the additive of refining of metal, the refining concentration of metal reduced.
For tar and pitch, much less in the occasion that is used for the aluminium slag, be used for the occasion of other material exactly, a large amount of black smoke of also emerging when molten steel adds worsens operating environment.
As resene, also having proposed phenolic aldehyde is resin and urethane resin (spy opens flat 3-6334 number) in addition, but phenolic aldehyde is that the resin conformality is low, urethane resin price height, and, need be heated to 180～200 ℃ in order to bring into play bond effect, this just must have the special device that expends cost.
Thereby present situation is, that a kind of binding agent all has the chief short to some extent, consider purposes and cost and coordinates to use.
As present steel-making flux raw material, be used effectively representational inorganic be the aluminium slag that the powder body is made up of the aluminium dross that generates in aluminium refining, secondary refining and melting operation, aluminium ash or aluminium slag (fusing slag), in blast-furnace process in blast furnace and the steel-making operation and casting operation in electric furnace, for the raising of the reduction of FeO in the deoxidation of iron liquid and molten steel and steel ingot, desulfurization, slag making, the slag and slag fluidity and insulation etc. and use as additive, but except spraying the occasion of adding, consider that processing cheaply cooperates the binding agent granulation formation.As binding agent, water miscible binding agent, because the aluminium nitride and the metallic aluminium that contain in the aluminium slag can generate ammonia and hydrogen with reaction of moisture, thus can only use with the binding agent of polyprotonic acids such as dimeracid as main component, but so just have the problem of heating.
[problem that invention will solve]
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of do not have above-mentioned shortcoming, with compare in the past the versatility height and also can make less expensively the granulating and forming binding agent of the powder body of granulation formation thing.
In addition, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of suitable especially aluminium slag granulation formation is provided and can be used as the aluminium slag granulation formation binding agent that present granulation formation owner wants the additive of the iron liquid of purposes and molten steel effectively.
The present invention also aims to, open up a kind of approach of handling effective utilization of existing waste.
[solving the means of problem]
For solving above-mentioned problem, the inventor has carried out research with keen determination, found that: add to cooperate the binding agent of special resin and during granulation formation powder body, can make the granulation formation thing have good granulation, conformality and ultimate compression strength, the granulation formation thing can in addition, not use present depleted used toner as resin in a creative way because of chemical reaction causes excessive heating, cause is effectively just utilized granulation formation at an easy rate to it, thereby has successfully developed the high binding agent of versatility.
The 1st of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of powder body, it is characterized in that, cooperates as the binding resin of toning agent and has the resin of suitable softening temperature.
The 2nd of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of the powder body described in the 1st of the present invention, it is characterized in that, the heat that the friction compression when cooperating by granulation formation produces and remollescent resin.
The 3rd of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent described in the of the present invention the 1st or the 2nd, it is characterized in that, softening temperature is below 100 ℃.
The 4th of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of the powder body described in the 3rd of the present invention, it is characterized in that softening temperature is below 60 ℃.
The 5th of the present invention is each described granulation formation binding agent in the 1st～4 of the present invention, it is characterized in that resin is microgranular.
The 6th of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent described in the 5th of the present invention, it is characterized in that the maximum particle diameter of resin is below 50 μ m.
The 7th of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent described in the 6th of the present invention, it is characterized in that the maximum particle diameter of resin is below 12 μ m.
The 8th of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent described in the 7th of the present invention, it is characterized in that the maximum particle diameter of resin is below 5 μ m.
The 9th of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of each described powder body in the 1st～8 of the present invention, it is characterized in that, contain from by polyol resin, vibrin, the homopolymer of vinylbenzene and substituent, styrene based copolymer, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, Resins, epoxy, silicone resin, polyamide resin, furane resin, xylene resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, terpine resin, coumarone-indene resin, the dienes resin, maleic acid resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, the resin of selecting in the group that polyethylene vinylacetate resin and petroleum line resin are formed more than a kind.
The 10th of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of the powder body described in the 9th of the present invention, it is characterized in that, contains the resin of selecting from the group of being made up of polyol resin, styrene-propene acid based copolymer and vibrin more than a kind.
The 11st of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of the of the present invention the 1st～10 powder body described in each, it is characterized in that, contains used toner as resin.
The 12nd of the present invention is the granulation formation binding agent of the of the present invention the 1st～11 powder body described in each, it is characterized in that, be to be the granulation formation binding agent of powder body as steel-making with the aluminium that contains the aluminium slag that is made of the aluminium dross that generates, aluminium ash or aluminium slag in aluminium refining, secondary refining and melting that flux raw material uses.
The 13rd of the present invention is the granulation formation thing, it is characterized in that, to aluminium slag system, mineral system, metal system or compound be to cooperate the granulation formation of of the present invention 1～12 powder body described in each of 1～20 weight % to form in the powder body with binding agent.
[working of an invention mode]
Embodiments of the present invention below are described.
(1) granulation formation binding agent
Binding agent of the present invention is as the binding resin of toning agent and have the resin of suitable softening temperature.Toning agent is widely used in electrofax, xeroprinting, electrostatic recording etc., requires its binding resin that good fixation performance is arranged, i.e. show good hot melt property and lowering viscousity during photographic fixing heating.The different modes that contact photographic fixing and noncontact photographic fixing are arranged during photographic fixing, because of the former mode fixing temperature low, so the softening temperature of the binding resin that uses is also low, but in the present invention, owing to be to use with binding agent as powder body granulation formation, promptly under compression, use, so no matter use that a kind of binding resin can obtain good result.
During granulation formation, because of the friction compression can be generated heat inevitably.As long as just can make resin softening by this heat, just needn't establish heater means in addition, thereby preferable.
Set out by above-mentioned viewpoint, preferably cooperate softening temperature,, therefore be more preferably the cooperation softening temperature at the resin below 60 ℃ because the friction compression can be heated to about 60 ℃ at the resin below 100 ℃.
In addition, when resin is microgranular, big with respect to the surface-area of cumulative volume.Therefore increased the friction manometric efficiency by increasing surface of friction, made heat conductivity and good fluidity the reactivity of binding agent to be improved, thus preferred.
Set out by above-mentioned viewpoint, preferably cooperate the resin of maximum particle diameter below 50 μ m, more little then better more than it.
In addition, in the degree of the function of not damaging binding agent, can cooperate other composition in binding agent, under common user mode, the shared ratio of resin is more than 50 weight %.
Can satisfy the example of the resin of above-mentioned condition, can example illustrate: polyol resin, styrene-propene acid based copolymer, vibrin, styrene resin, Resins, epoxy.
Preferred resin is polyol resin, styrene-propene acid based copolymer, vibrin.Below explain above-mentioned 3 resinoids.
Polyol resin is the modifier to Resins, epoxy, can use always known various.
As an example (1) of polyol resin, can enumerate: make in the alkylene oxide affixture of Resins, epoxy, 2 yuan of phenol or its glycidyl ether and the molecule to have more than 2 and can react resulting product with the compound bearing active hydrogen of epoxy reaction.
Resins, epoxy can example illustrate: make bisphenols and the resulting products of epoxy chloropropane condensation such as dihydroxyphenyl propane, Bisphenol F.
The alkylene oxide affixture of 2 yuan of phenol can example illustrate: the resultant of reaction of 2 yuan of phenol of alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, oxybutylene or bisphenols such as their mixture and dihydroxyphenyl propane or Bisphenol F etc.Glycidyl ether can example illustrate: the resultant that makes the affixture epoxypropylization with epoxy chloropropane or β-Jia Jihuanyanglvbingwan.In these suitable resultants, the diglycidylether of the alkylene oxide affixture of the dihydroxyphenyl propane that useful following general expression is represented.
(in the formula, R is
-CH
2-CH
2-，
-CH
2-CH
2-CH
2-
N, m are number of repeat unit in addition, are respectively more than 1 n+m=2～6)
Have in the molecule more than 2 can with the compound bearing active hydrogen of epoxy reaction, 2 yuan of phenol, multi-phenol class, polycarboxylic acid are arranged.2 yuan of phenol can example illustrate: bisphenols such as dihydroxyphenyl propane, Bisphenol F.The multi-phenol class can example illustrate: o-Hydroxytoluene urea formaldehyde class, phenol resol class, three (4-hydroxy phenyl (4-ヒ De ロ キ ジ Off エ ニ Le)) methane, 1-[Alpha-Methyl-α-(4-hydroxy phenyl (4-ヒ De ロ キ ジ Off エ ニ Le)) ethyl] benzene.Polycarboxylic acid can example illustrate: propanedioic acid, succsinic acid, L-glutamic acid, hexanodioic acid, toxilic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, trimellitic acid 1,2-anhydride.
In addition, as polyol resin (1) ', can also enumerate: by make have 1 energy and epoxy reaction compound bearing active hydrogen (for example, phenol, cresols, isopropyl-phenol, amyl phenol, nonylphenol, dodecyl phenol, xylenol, to 1 yuan of phenol such as cumyl phenols, diethylamine, dipropyl amine, dibutylamine, N-methyl (ethyl) piperazine, piperidines secondary amine classes such as (ピ ベ リ ジ Application), propionic acid, carboxylic acids such as caproic acid) in the reaction of above-mentioned Resins, epoxy etc., exist simultaneously and react, perhaps the interpolation of reaction back is reacted, and makes the resultant of the terminal inerting of polyol resin.
Other routine polyol resin (2) can be enumerated: the resultant that makes the secondary hydroxyl esterification of Resins, epoxy.
Esterifying agent can use: carbon number be 1 yuan of carboxylic acid (for example, carbon numbers such as propionic acid, caproic acid, dodecylic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, stearic acid, vinylformic acid, oleic acid, margaric acid, arachic acid, linolic acid, linolenic acid, Castor Oil Fatty Acid, tall oil fatty acid are 6～20 carboxylic acid) of 3～25,1 yuan of carboxylates derivatives class (for example: the lower alkyl esters of carboxylic acids such as methyl esters, ethyl ester), lactone (for example: beta-propiolactone, gamma-butyrolactone, δ-Wu Neizhi, 6-caprolactone, beta-butyrolactone, γ-Wu Neizhi).
In addition, as polyol resin (2) ', can also enumerate: by make have 1 energy and epoxy reaction compound bearing active hydrogen (for example: use phenol, cresols, isopropyl-phenol, amyl phenol, nonylphenol, dodecyl phenol, xylenol, the carbon number that 1 yuan of phenol such as cumyl phenol is obtained is 6～40 compound, use acetate, propionic acid, caproic acid, dodecylic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, stearic acid, vinylformic acid, oleic acid, margaric acid, arachic acid, linolic acid, linolenic acid, Castor Oil Fatty Acid, the carbon number that 1 yuan of carboxylic-acid of tall oil fatty acid obtains is 6～25 compound) react, make the resultant of terminal inerting.
Styrene-propene acid based copolymer is to make styrene monomer and acrylate or methacrylic ester copolymerization or partial cross-linked gains, can use always known various.
Styrene monomer can example illustrate: vinylbenzene, alpha-methyl styrene, o-methyl styrene, a vinyl toluene, p-methylstyrene, 2,4-dimethyl styrene, 3,4-dimethyl styrene etc.
Acrylate can example illustrate: ethyl propenoate, methyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, dodecylacrylate (ア Network リ Le acid De ジ シ Le), vinylformic acid 2-b hexyl, methacrylic acid, Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi, methyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-BMA, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, lauryl methacrylate (メ Network リ Le acid De ジ シ Le), methacrylic ester 2-b hexyl.
Styrene-propene acid based copolymer can example illustrate: the styrene-propene acid copolymer, styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymer, the positive butyl ester multipolymer of styrene-propene acid, vinylbenzene-butyl methacrylate copolymer, vinylbenzene-diethyl aminoethyl methacrylate multipolymer, vinylbenzene-methyl methacrylate-n-butyl acrylate copolymers, vinylbenzene-methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-N-(ethoxyl methyl) acrylamide copolymer, vinylbenzene-glytidyl methacrylate multipolymer, vinylbenzene-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate multipolymer, vinylbenzene-diethyl aminoethyl methacrylate multipolymer, styrene butadiene-acrylate copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene butadiene-clorafin multipolymer, styrene butadiene-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate multipolymer, cinnamic acrylic ester-maleate copolymer, the positive butyl ester of styrene-propene acid-2-EHA multipolymer, vinylbenzene-methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate multipolymer, the positive butyl ester of styrene-propene acid-ethyl glycol alkylmethacrylate polymer, vinylbenzene-n-BMA-acrylic copolymer.
The past that vibrin can use the polycondensation by pure and mild acid to obtain is known various.
Can example illustrate as alcohol: polyoxyethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, the 2-propylene glycol, 1, ammediol, 1,4-butyleneglycol (1,4-プ ロ ピ レ Application グ リ コ Le), neopentyl glycol, 1, di-alcoholss such as 4-butylene glycol, 1,4 pair of (methylol) hexanaphthene, dihydroxyphenyl propane, the hydrogenation dihydroxyphenyl propane, the polyethylene oxide dihydroxyphenyl propane, etherificate bisphenols such as poly(propylene oxide) dihydroxyphenyl propane, 2 yuan of alcohol monomers that these replace with the saturated or undersaturated alkyl of carbon number 3～22,2 yuan of alcohol alcohol monomer in addition can illustratively have, Sorbitol Powder, 1,2,3, the own tetrol (1 of 6-, 2,3,6-ヘ キ サ Application ラ ト ロ one Le), 1,4-shrink Sorbitol Powder (サ Le PVC Application), tetramethylolmethane (ペ Application エ ス リ ト one Le), Dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, sucrose, 1,2, the 4-trihydroxybutane, 1,2,5-penta triol, glycerine, 2-methyl-prop triol, the 2-methyl isophthalic acid, 2, the 4-trihydroxybutane, trimethylolethane, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), 1,3, the higher alcohols monomers more than 3 yuan such as 5-trihydroxy methyl benzene.
Carboxylic acid can example illustrate: palmitinic acid, stearic acid, monocarboxylic acids such as oleic acid, toxilic acid, fumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, citraconic acid, terephthalic acid, cyclohexane cyclohexanedimethanodibasic, succsinic acid, hexanodioic acid, sebacic acid, propanedioic acid, 2 yuan of organic acid monomers that replace them with the saturated or unsaturated alkyl of carbon number 3～22, the acid anhydride that these are sour, lower alkyl esters and linolenic dipolymer, 1,2, the 4-benzene tricarbonic acid, 1,2, the 5-benzene tricarbonic acid, 2,5,7-naphthalene tricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-naphthalene tricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-butane tricarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-hexane tricarboxylic acid, 1,3-dicarboxyl-2-methyl-2-methylene radical carboxyl propane, four (methylene radical carboxyl) methane, 1,2,7, the acid of 8-octane tetracarboxylic acid hydrochlorate polarity (ボ-Le) trimer, their the polycarboxylic acid monomers more than 3 yuan such as acid anhydrides.
In addition, it is known various that vibrin can also use the past that is obtained by polyvalent alcohol and poly carboxylic acid polycondensation.
Polyvalent alcohol can example illustrate: glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butyleneglycol, 1,4-butyleneglycol, 2,3-butyleneglycol, Diethylene Glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol (1,5-Off Block Application ジ オ one Le), 1,6-hexylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenation dihydroxyphenyl propane, dihydroxyphenyl propane-ethylene oxide adduct, dihydroxyphenyl propane-propylene oxide adduct.
In addition, in vibrin, also comprise crystallinity polyester, i.e. cross-linking type crystallinity polyester with the crosslinking structure that causes by unsaturated position (unsaturated link(age)).This cross-linking type crystallinity polyester has the unsaturated position of unsaturated double-bond, by unsaturated carboxylic acid more than 2 yuan and the mixed system of saturated carboxylic acid and the pure polycondensation more than 2 yuan and obtain more than 2 yuan.
Comprise also that in addition 3～15mol in the full composition is constituted, had that the polycarboxylic acid monomeric unit of the saturated of carbon number 5～30 or unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons base and/or polyvalent alcohol monomeric unit (soft chain segment composition) are 5～30mol%, all the other are by 2 yuan of sour compositions and 2 yuan of non-linear polyester resins that alcohol becomes to grade and constitute by the polycarboxylic acid monomeric unit more than 3 yuan.
In addition, polystyrene, poly--to chloro-styrene, the homopolymer of vinylbenzene such as polyethylene toluene and substituent, styrene-butadiene copolymer beyond above-mentioned, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene based copolymers such as styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, Resins, epoxy, silicone resin, polyamide resin, furane resin, xylene resin, polyvinyl alcohol, butyral resin, terpine resin, coumarone-indene resin, the dienes resin, maleic acid resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, the polyethylene vinylacetate resin, petroleum line resins etc., the resin that the always general binding resin of using as toning agent is used also all suits.
In addition, above-mentioned resin all can be used as electrofax, xeroprinting, electrostatic recording etc. toning agent binding resin and actively used.
Now, goods such as electrofax are reclaimed by the producer, and at this moment the toning agent that contains of goods inside also is recovered simultaneously.Thereby the used toning agent that will directly go out of use after preferably will reclaiming in the past is as the resin that is engaged in the binding agent of the present invention.
And toning agent was exactly particulate originally, and in any producer's commodity, maximum particle diameter all is about 12 μ m.But, because of used toning agent will be subjected to impact and friction in the goods in use, thus with the abrasion to some extent of comparing of using initial stage, particle diameter has the minimizing about several μ m.Thereby by making above-mentioned heat conductivity and the flowability reason that improves, can be better with the used used toner that reclaims as the resin that is engaged in the binding agent of the present invention.
In addition, except that above-mentioned, also can use as being engaged in the resin in the binding agent of the present invention by the toning agent that factory discharges.
In electrofax, in the electrofax process, how main threads is and complicated when charged exposure imaging duplicates the separation photographic fixing, and it is unfavorable therefore can to bring process when the particle diameter of toning agent is minimum, makes the unsuitable situation of the inner generation of goods.Therefore for making process good, usually at the toning agent of factory in the manufacturing stage, the toning agent below the particle diameter 5 μ m is not issued to market usually.And the untapped toning agent of these factories' discharges in the past also goes out of use.In addition, for the toning agent that surpasses about maximum particle diameter 12 μ m, because the comminuting method with the main manufacturing process of toning agent can make particle diameter diminish in factory, so there is no need to discard.
Therefore, the toning agent common by the used toner particle diameter ratio of factory's discharge is littler, and heat conductivity and flowability are also just quite good, and be also just best as the resin that is engaged in the binding agent of the present invention.
Thereby if used toner as described above is used as binding agent, favourable part just is, the pre-treatment that there is no need to pulverize again before granulation formation etc.
By the way, the tinting material that contains in toning agent and other additive can not damage the function as binding agent of the present invention.
(2) the powder body used of granulation formation
Here, imagination be at the metal that produces to the various operations that obtain refining that the purpose metal carries out and melting by ore or the powder body of metal oxide or mineral, but also be included as waste recycle and the powder body pulverized by force.
Binding agent of the present invention not with reactions such as the aluminium nitride of metallic aluminium or aluminium based compound, aluminum chloride, aluminium carbide, and plasticity is also good, even and add to also can not resemble in iron liquid or the molten steel and make the operating environment variation tar and the pitch, thereby the aluminium of the aluminium slag formed of the aluminium dross, aluminium ash or the aluminium slag that suit to generate in will containing aluminium refining, secondary refining or melting is the granulation formation of powder body when utilizing with flux as steel-making.
Recently,, in the aluminium slag, cooperate mineral such as lime, silicon carbide, fluorite, rhombspar, light calcined magnesia, make and adjust constituent (MgOCaOSiO in order to make as compoundization of chemical reaction of steel-making with flux
2Al
2O
3) and basicity (CaO/SiO
2) composite fluxing agent, but much less, binding agent of the present invention also suits for the granulation formation of these composite fluxing agents.
(3) use level of binding agent
For the total amount (100%) of powder body and binding agent, preferably cooperate 1～20 weight % (being converted into solids content).This be because, during less than 1 weight %, can not bring into play the effect that bonding should satisfy, and below 20 weight %, just can obtain sufficient bond effect.
(4) granulation formation method
According to purposes, just can obtain granulation formation thing with Any shape such as grain, ball, agglomerates with method in common.
For ironmaking, steel-making flux; can use the tablets press or the low pressure machine of wet type steel-making usefulness; high-pressure machine or gyratory press that dry pressing is used; binding agent and powder body mixing granulator are shaped; but lose for fear of reacting the metallic aluminium that causes with the metallic aluminium of the reduction composition of flux with water because of steel-making; produces ammonia with avoiding because of the aluminium nitride that contains in the aluminium slag and water reaction, preferably use dry pressing usefulness high-pressure machine or gyratory press.Owing to compare with gyratory press, use the method for high-pressure machine to boost productivity, the control manufacturing cost is so use the example of high-pressure machine more in actually operating.
Because the roller plus-pressure is 10～20Ton/cm during usually with the high-pressure machine operation
2So even do not possess special heating unit, the roll shape temperature also can be brought up to 60～80 ℃.Resin of the present invention just can access bonding (combination) effect under the above-mentioned pressure more than 30 ℃, so confirm to obtain practical bond effect more than 60 ℃.Thereby the shaping heat when being shaped by utilizing can be saved heat treated thereafter.
In addition, when under possessing the situation of heating unit, using,, preferably ceiling temperature is set in below 200 ℃ for avoiding the resin gasification.
[embodiment]
Embodiments of the invention below are described.
Embodiment 1 (confirming the bond effect of different heating temperature)
Inorganic is that the powder body uses the aluminium ash (metallic aluminium is 50 weight %) that generates in the secondary refining of aluminium.
As the granulation formation binding agent, add the bisphenol A-type liquid-state epoxy resin of 100g, the dihydroxyphenyl propane of 45.26g, ρ-cumyl phenol of 30.9g, the dimethylbenzene of 20g, in nitrogen atmosphere, be warming up to 70 ℃, add lithium chloride/H of 0.032g
2O reacted 4～7 hours down at 150～180 ℃, obtained the modified epoxy polyol resin of 100 ℃ of softening temperatures, 56 ℃ of Tg.And, carry out the broken maximum particle diameter that makes of micro mist below 12 μ m in order to improve reactivity as binding agent.
Binding agent is engaged in the aluminium ash with various ratios, become cylindrical sample (the thick 8mm of diameter 28mm) with hand press [the system SSP-10A of Shimadzu Seisakusho Ltd. (heat that is shaped does not take place)] granulation formation, then, in electric furnace, be warming up to design temperature after, take out to place cooling.
The above title complex of 1 weight % and nothing are engaged in and show significantly differently in the granulation, in addition, can confirm and the release of forming and good lubricant effect the title complex more than the 1 weight %.
In addition, drop to room temperature after, directly use Compression and Expansion trier [modern field makes made SV-2000-0] to measure ultimate compression strength and be shown in table 1.Can confirm following feature by this result: about ultimate compression strength, significantly improve by heating intensity, thereby, the shaping heat that produces in the time of can utilizing dry-type high-voltage to be shaped.
The measurement result of the ultimate compression strength of table 1[different heating temperature] (Kgf)
| The temperature proportioning | Electric furnace Heating temperature (each sample be warming up to take out rapidly behind the design temperature put cold back measure) | |||||||
| 30℃ | 40℃ | 50℃ | 60℃ | 80℃ | 100℃ | 140℃ | 180℃ | |
| Do not add | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Add 1% | 41 | 48 | 53 | 59 | 89 | 107 | 109 | 118 |
| Add 5% | 65 | 83 | 107 | 127 | 167 | 191 | ≥200 | ≥200 |
| Add 10% | 98 | 134 | 151 | 180 | ≥200 | ≥200 | ≥200 | ≥200 |
Embodiment 2 (confirming the granulation and the bond effect of different resins addition)
In order to confirm blended granulation and bond effect in actual production process, utilizing aluminium ash and the binding agent of embodiment 1, is the plate-like of horizontal wide 20mm length 25mm thickness 25mm with small-scale test machine [briquetting machine: new east industry system BSC-25 (moulding heat does not take place)] granulation formation.
And, with the granularity qualification rate of the sieve screening granulation formation thing of mesh 3mm, on the distribution ratio of granulation formation thing and powder, mismatch differently with various resin object, thereby can confirm that granulation is improved.
In addition, measure ultimate compression strength similarly to Example 1, obtain the proportional measured value that increases of intensity and addition and Heating temperature, can confirm bond effect.
The granulation qualification rate of table 2[different resins addition and the measurement result of ultimate compression strength]
| The temperature proportioning | Granulation qualification rate (%) | Ultimate compression strength (Kgf) | ||||||
| +3mm | -3mm | During shaping | 30℃ | 40℃ | 50℃ | 60℃ | 100℃ | |
| Do not add | 65 | 35 | 35.2 | 36.5 | 35.8 | 35.5 | 36.1 | 34.2 |
| Add 1% | 85 | 15 | 50.7 | 60.4 | 67.8 | 67.1 | 68.5 | 71.2 |
| Add 3% | 93 | 7 | 68.4 | 69.7 | 70.8 | 80.7 | 95.2 | 156.8 |
| Add 5% | 95 | 5 | 70.8 | 78.1 | 81.4 | 85.3 | 110.8 | 177.2 |
| Add 10% | 98 | 2 | 75.8 | 90.6 | 100.4 | 150.2 | 189.4 | ≥200 |
Embodiment 3 (confirming actual bond effect)
In order to confirm actual bond effect, (polyol resin of embodiment 1, styrene-propene acid copolymer, vibrin are (by polyoxytrimethylene (2 with the aluminium of embodiment 1 ash and various binding agents, 2)-2, two (4-hydroxy phenyl) propane of 2-and fumaric acid polycondensation gains) be that 5 weight % cooperate according to the ratio of binding agent, use is by each raw material reception hopper 10m
3* 5, mixing machine 10m
3, mixing raw material keeping hopper 5m
3, forming mill (new east industry system dry-type high-voltage briquetting machine, can with 3～5Ton/ hour ratio granulation) forms the production unit of service line, according to inserting flexible container bag (Off レ コ Application バ Star Network) the per 1 bag of 1Ton of interior furnishing, total granulation formation 12Ton.
Under the situation of produce line tablets press, the type temperature of forming roll changes in 60～100 ℃ temperature range according to compacting pressure, and in addition, the temperature after the granulation formation thing is shaped is 40～80 ℃.
Measure granulation, ultimate compression strength similarly to Example 2, results verification: proportional with proportioning, granulation ultimate compression strength improves simultaneously, and the elapsed time changes in addition, also has good bond effect.
In addition, the ultimate compression strength of table 3 is the mean value from 100 samples of the top stochastic sampling of 12 bags flexible container bag.Different with the sample of table 3, the ultimate compression strength of table 4 is the mean value by 10 samples of the top stochastic sampling of 12 bags flexible container bag.
The granulation qualification rate of each resin of table 3[and the measurement result of ultimate compression strength]
| Measured value resin name | Granulation qualification rate (%) | Ultimate compression strength (Kgf) [mean value] | |
| + 3mm (granulation thing) | -3mm (being re-used as the raw material thing) | ||
| Do not add cooperation | 83.8 | 16.2 | 35.2 |
| Polyol resin (cooperating 5%) | 98.3 | 1.7 | 96.8 |
| Styrene acrylic resin (cooperating 5%) | 98.1 | 1.9 | 97.1 |
| Vibrin resin (cooperating 5%) | 98.5 | 1.5 | 96.4 |
The table 4[elapsed time changes the measurement result of back ultimate compression strength]
| Measured value (10N) resin name | Elapsed time (hour) ultimate compression strength (Kgf) [each resin cooperates 5%] | |||||||
| During manufacturing | 6h | 12h | 24h | 48h | 72h | 120h | 168h | |
| Do not have to cooperate and add | 36.4 | 30.2 | 25.8 | 5.6 | Crumble | Crumble | Crumble | Crumble |
| Polyol resin | 102.3 | 101.4 | 102.3 | 98.4 | 95.6 | 90.2 | 86.4 | 77.3 |
| Styrene acrylic resin | 104.5 | 104.1 | 103.5 | 99.7 | 94.2 | 90.7 | 86.1 | 77.1 |
| Vibrin | 101.3 | 102.8 | 101.5 | 98.5 | 95.7 | 90.6 | 88.2 | 76.9 |
Embodiment 4 (confirming to use the evaluation of produce line manufacturing steel-making) with flux
In order to confirm to use the evaluation of produce line manufacturing steel-making, prepare following cooperation raw material with flux.
Raw material cooperates A: will contain metallic aluminium 50 weight % aluminium ash 70 weight % (5600Kg), light calcined magnesia 25 weight % (2000Kg), be crushed to the following styrene-propene acid copolymer 5 weight % (400Kg) of median size 10 μ m, the ratio of criticizing with 8Ton/ cooperates and mixes.
Raw material cooperation B: use the aluminium that contains metallic aluminium 50 weight % grey 70 weight % (5600Kg), light calcined magnesia 22 weight % (1760Kg), be crushed to polyprotonic acids such as the following dimeracid of median size 10 μ m, trimer acid, acrylated lipid acid, maleinization lipid acid, the agglomerate of generally selling is mixed with the ratio cooperation that 8Ton/ criticizes by the appointment proportioning of binding agent manufacturers with binding agent 5 weight % (400Kg) and white lime 3 weight % (240Kg).
Raw material cooperates C: will contain aluminium ash 75 weight % (6000Kg), the light calcined magnesia 25 weight % (2000Kg) of metallic aluminium 50 weight %, the ratio of criticizing with 8Ton/ mixes cooperation.
Use the briquetting machine of dry-type high-voltage forming mode, with the 2Ton/ hour setting raw material amount of sending into granulation formation.The type temperature that this moment, roller was shaped is 80 ℃, and the temperature after the granulation formation thing is shaped is 60 ℃.
Turnout and goods amount for the granulation goods of per hour making the above granulation formation thing of 10mm, it is 1950Kg/ hour goods amount 7900Kg[98.75W% that raw material cooperates A], it is 1900Kg/ hour goods amount 7800Kg[97.50W% that raw material cooperates B], it is 1800Kg/ hour goods amount 7300Kg[91.25W% that raw material cooperates C], can confirm thus the effective bond effect of productivity.
In the reaction in elapsed time of granulation formation thing, use the agglomerate binding agent of steel-making with polyprotonic acids such as the general dimeracid that uses of flux manufacturers, trimer acid, acrylated lipid acid, maleinization lipid acid, when constituting as the raw material of main raw material with the aluminium ash, begin exothermic reaction during by the shaping granulation, the example that presence of fire is for several times arranged because of fire burns, therefore also measure exothermic reaction, obtain data with ultimate compression strength, results verification, raw material is 60 ℃ when cooperating the granulation formation thing of A to be shaped, but along with the elapsed time temperature reduces.In addition, present significant intensity, can confirm validity as binding agent about ultimate compression strength.
Raw material is that 60 ℃ granulation thing can rise to 90 ℃ when cooperating B to be shaped, and after being in the keeping conditions, the reaction of the major cause of catching fire takes place sometimes to become because of accumulation of heat, therefore is confirmed to be the binding agent that lacks security.Though raw material cooperates the granulation formation thing of C that exothermic reaction does not take place, ultimate compression strength is low, along with the elapsed time expands and bursts apart, thereby can not estimate as goods.
Table 5[cooperates the weight and the ratio of raw material]
| Aluminium ash (metal A l 50%) | Light calcined magnesia | Styrene acrylic resin (being crushed to 10m) | The general binding agent that uses of dimeracid trimer acid system | |
| Raw material cooperates A | 70W％(5600Kg) | 25W％(2000Kg) | 5W％(400Kg) | - |
| Raw material cooperates B | 70W％(5600Kg) | 22W％(1760Kg) | - | 5W% (400Kg) white lime 3W% |
| Raw material cooperates C | 75W％(6000Kg) | 25W％(2000Kg) | - | - |
The result of table 6[variation of temperature and ultimate compression strength in the elapsed time] (Kgf)
| The sample elapsed time | Cooperate raw material A | Cooperate raw material B | Cooperate raw material C | |||
| Temperature (℃) | Ultimate compression strength | Temperature (℃) | Ultimate compression strength | Temperature (℃) | Ultimate compression strength | |
| During shaping | 60.8 | 98.6 | 61.5 | 50.8 | 62.4 | 34.5 |
| 1 hour | 60.5 | 98.8 | 68.4 | 50.1 | 61.8 | 34.1 |
| 6 hours | 51.7 | 98.5 | 80.6 | 55.4 | 52.4 | 34.2 |
| 12 hours | 47.2 | 98.4 | 91.4 | 60.2 | 46.9 | 33.8 |
| 24 hours | 31.4 | 98.6 | 90.2 | 60.5 | 32.2 | 5.4 |
| 48 hours | 26.6 | 98.4 | 80.3 | 61.1 | 25.9 | Burst apart |
| 72 hours | 26.7 | 98.3 | 60.5 | 55.4 | 26.1 | - |
| 96 hours | 26.3 | 97.5 | 40.1 | 56.7 | 26.4 | - |
| 120 hours | 26.5 | 95.4 | 28.6 | 54.1 | 26.2 | - |
| 144 hours | 26.1 | 93.9 | 28.7 | 48.2 | 26.1 | - |
| 168 hours | 26.4 | 93.7 | 28.3 | 45.9 | 26.2 | - |
| Temperature measuring | 1Ton granulation thing is put into 1.1m 3Soft container in, the thermopair of length 50cm is inserted by central upper, carry out temperature measuring with register | |||||
| Ultimate compression strength | Record is placed on the mensuration average intensity of 10 samples in the atmosphere | |||||
When steel-making person uses the granulation formation thing (steel-making flux) that cooperates raw material A, the modified-reaction of steel-making slag is good, when dropping into molten steel because of the binding agent composition black smoke does not take place yet, in addition, because the fabrication strength height, so efflorescence in neither can the travelling belt course of conveying in steelworks also gives high evaluation aspect environmental protection, and the control of dust loss is also few, and the recovery rate of adding flux also improves.In addition, water tolerance is also good, does not find the hygroscopic effect that starch is such.
Embodiment 5 (confirming the bond effect of used toner)
The composition that the inventor is conceived to spent resin powder (maximum particle diameter is below 12 μ m) is the compound resin of styrene-propene acid copolymer, vibrin, polyol resin, organic salt etc., the resin glue that replaces embodiment 4 cooperations with used toner, cooperate and granulation formation like that according to the same resin composition, carry out same test, the result can confirm with embodiment 4 cooperate the same result of raw material A.
[effect of invention]
With the powder material granulation formation, can obtain that safety, compression strength are high, also high molding of elapsed time change intensity with binding agent of the present invention.
In addition, binding agent of the present invention needn't add water, and has excellent water-resistance, and the granulation formation of therefore suitable aluminium slag etc. is used.
In the recirculation society framework of circulation type, require actively to make up, according to the present invention, just can effectively utilize present formation to produce the used toner of discarded object, thereby needless to say also just bear a part of task of the social framework of above-mentioned recirculation.
The used toner processing that always goes out of use, but its disposal cost can not belittle, and in addition, seeks discarded place and also is difficult to. Thereby, if can effectively utilize this used toner, just not only saved expense and time, and raw material cost is almost nil, thereby the cost of goods is reduced significantly, it also is very useful setting out thus.
Claims (26)
1. the granulation formation binding agent of a powder body is characterized in that, it contains as the binding resin of toning agent and has the resin of softening temperature below 100 ℃.
2. the granulation formation binding agent of powder body according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the heat that friction when containing by granulation formation compression produces and remollescent resin.
3. granulation formation binding agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, softening temperature is below 60 ℃.
4. granulation formation binding agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that resin is microgranular.
5. granulation formation binding agent according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the maximum particle diameter of resin is below the 50 μ m.
6. granulation formation binding agent according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the maximum particle diameter of resin is below the 12 μ m.
7. granulation formation binding agent according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the maximum particle diameter of resin is below the 5 μ m.
8. according to the granulation formation binding agent of each described powder body of claim 1～7, it is characterized in that, contain the resin of from the group of forming by homopolymer, styrene based copolymer, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, Resins, epoxy, polyamide resin and the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS of polyol resin, vibrin, vinylbenzene and substituent, selecting more than a kind.
9. the granulation formation binding agent of powder body according to claim 8 is characterized in that, contains the resin of selecting from the group of being made up of polyol resin, styrene-propene acid based copolymer and vibrin more than a kind.
10. the granulation formation binding agent of powder body according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned resin contains the used toner of 1-20 weight %.
11. the granulation formation binding agent of powder body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be that the aluminium of the aluminium slag that constitutes as aluminium dross, aluminium ash or aluminium slag that steel-making generated in aluminium refining, secondary refining or melting with flux raw material containing of using is the granulation formation binding agent of powder body.
12. granulation formation thing, it is characterized in that, aluminium slag system, mineral system, metal system or compound be the granulation formation binding agent that contains the powder body of 1～20 weight % in the powder body, described binding agent comprises the resin that is fit to make the binding resin of toning agent and has softening temperature below 100 ℃.
13. the granulation formation thing of powder body according to claim 12 is characterized in that, the heat remollescent resin that its friction compression for by granulation formation the time produces.
14. granulation formation thing according to claim 12 is characterized in that, softening temperature is below 60 ℃.
15. granulation formation thing according to claim 12 is characterized in that resin is microgranular.
16. granulation formation thing according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the maximum particle diameter of resin is below the 50 μ m.
17. granulation formation thing according to claim 16 is characterized in that, the maximum particle diameter of resin is below the 12 μ m.
18. granulation formation thing according to claim 17 is characterized in that, the maximum particle diameter of resin is below the 5 μ m.
19. granulation formation thing according to each described powder body of claim 12～18, it is characterized in that, contain the resin of from the group that homopolymer, styrene based copolymer, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, Resins, epoxy, polyamide resin and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS by polyol resin, vibrin, vinylbenzene and substituent constitute, selecting more than a kind.
20. the granulation formation thing of powder body according to claim 19 is characterized in that, contains the resin of selecting from the group that is made of polyol resin, styrene-propene acid based copolymer and vibrin more than a kind.
21. the granulation formation thing of powder body according to claim 12 is characterized in that above-mentioned resin contains the used toner of 1～20 weight %.
22. the granulation formation thing of powder body according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, is in the powder body with the granulation formation of above-mentioned powder body with the aluminium that binding agent is mixed in the aluminium slag, and described aluminium cinder ladle is drawn together aluminium dross, aluminium ash or the aluminium slag that generates in aluminium refining, secondary refining or the melting of using with flux raw material as steel-making.
23. the granulation formation binding agent of a powder body is characterized in that above-mentioned resin contains the used toner of 1～20 weight %.
24. the granulation formation binding agent of a powder body, it is that the aluminium that contains the aluminium slag is the granulation formation binding agent of powder body, described aluminium cinder ladle is drawn together aluminium dross, aluminium ash or the aluminium slag that generates in aluminium refining, secondary refining or the melting of using with flux raw material as steel-making, it is characterized in that, comprise the resin that is fit to make the binding resin of toning agent and has softening temperature below 100 ℃ as resin.
25. a granulation formation thing is characterized in that, contains the granulation formation binding agent of the powder body of 1～20 weight %, described binding agent be aluminium slag system, mineral system, metal system or compound be to be mixed with used toner in the powder body.
26. granulation formation thing, it is that the aluminium that contains the aluminium slag is the granulation formation binding agent of powder body, described aluminium cinder ladle contains aluminium dross, aluminium ash or the aluminium slag that generates in aluminium refining, secondary refining or the melting of using with flux raw material as steel-making, wherein, at described aluminium is to contain the binding agent of 1～20 weight % as resin in the powder body, and this binding agent comprises as the binding resin of toning agent and has the resin of softening temperature below 100 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03136016 CN1290959C (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-04-21 | Adhesive for forming pelleted powders and pelleted forming articles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03136016 CN1290959C (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-04-21 | Adhesive for forming pelleted powders and pelleted forming articles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1539903A CN1539903A (en) | 2004-10-27 |
| CN1290959C true CN1290959C (en) | 2006-12-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 03136016 Expired - Lifetime CN1290959C (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-04-21 | Adhesive for forming pelleted powders and pelleted forming articles |
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| CN (1) | CN1290959C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884895B (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2013-08-07 | 沈韶忠 | Method for preparing metallurgy aggregates by metal silicon fine powder |
| JP5921920B2 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2016-05-24 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Resist resin composition for laser processing |
| JP6048201B2 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2016-12-21 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Toner for electrostatic image development |
| CN112642990B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing precision casting sand by using aluminum ash |
| CN114622092A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-14 | 佛山市南海创利有色金属制品有限公司 | Recovery treatment process of secondary aluminum ash and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1539903A (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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