CN203935320U - 一种角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置,包括羊膜和附型装置,其中,羊膜与附型装置粘合在一起,且羊膜粘合在附型装置内表面,附型装置上带有辅助透氧孔。本实用新型角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置凭借羊膜粘结在羊膜隐形接触镜内或表面将羊膜隐形接触镜与羊膜联结在一起,该装置可以根据个人需要,由角膜创伤的形状而定制,有效的保护眼角膜的创伤部位。同时该装置设计了透氧孔,能够大大增加氧气的通过量让角膜自由呼吸,让角膜保持在最佳状态。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型属于生物医学领域中新型眼科治疗装置,尤其涉及角膜损伤无瘢痕修复领域,具体涉及一种角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置。
背景技术
据世界卫生组织(WHO)最新公布的统计数字表明,全球每年有700万人成为盲人,目前全球共有盲人近4500万。中国是世界上盲人最多的国家,约有1200万视力残疾者,其中盲人有近700余万,占全世界盲人总数的1/6左右。角膜病占我国致盲原因的15.4%。
人的眼睛是一个非常强大的聚焦装置,眼睛的聚焦元件是由角膜和晶状体两部分组成,晶状体约占20%(12屈光度),角膜占眼睛聚焦能力的80%(48屈光度)。角膜分为五层,由前向后依次为:上皮细胞层、前弹力层(又称Bowman膜)、基质层、后弹力层(又称Descemet膜)和内皮细胞层。角膜透明,其重要因素之一是角膜组织内没有血管,血管终止于角膜缘,形成血管网,营养成分由此扩散入角膜。角膜的感觉神经丰富,主要由三叉神经的眼支经睫状神经到达角膜。
鉴于角膜特殊的作用,角膜上皮细胞具有持续的自我更新及快速的创伤愈合能力。在这个过程中,角膜上皮细胞的增值,迁移,分化,死亡等整体的协同性非常重要。角膜中间部位的上皮细胞损伤5小时后其损伤细胞周围的上皮细胞便水平滑动以覆盖其裸露的部位。周围的上皮细胞会持续的提供损伤位点所需要的细胞直到完全恢复。但是,这种快速增殖的角膜上皮细胞经常导致瘢痕组织的发展,进而导致角膜混浊。另外,角膜的中前弹力层、基质层、后弹力层受损后不能再生,只能由不透明的瘢痕组织修复填补,从而导致不同程度的瘢痕形成致使视力障碍。据研究显示,维持眼表(上下睑缘间的整个粘膜上皮包括结膜和角膜的上皮)的稳定和完整可以预防角膜疾病,不仅为角、结膜重建手术提供良好的微环境,也是防止角膜瘢痕的基础和首要条件。
大量的角膜损伤致盲是由瘢痕组织造成的,常见造成角膜损伤的原因有:1、外伤(Corneal Injuries):角膜穿孔伤、挫伤、爆炸伤、化学烧伤、热烫伤等;2、感染性角膜损伤(Corneal Infections):包括细菌、真菌、病毒所致的角膜炎、角膜溃疡;3、屈光手术(RefractiveSurgeries):自从第一例准分子激光屈光手术于90年代初开展以来,屈光手术技术在全世界范围内普及,仅美国每年就有超过100万人做此手术,中国每年也有近100万人做此手术。目前屈光手术在技术上分为PRK技术和LASIK技术两大方向,从去年开始美国对PRK激光手术的评介超过LASIK激光手术,因为PRK能够给病人带来更好的视力。但阻止PRK屈光手术发展的最大障碍是手术后疤痕形成。3、变态反应性角膜损伤(Corneal Allergies):如泡性角膜炎等;4、变性或营养不良性角膜损伤(Degenerative or Nutritional Diseases):如角膜老人环、角膜带状变性、格子状营养不良、角膜软化等;5、瘢痕性角膜损伤(Corneal Scars):角膜云翳、白斑、粘连性血斑和角膜葡萄肿等。
角膜疾病现已成为眼科的常见病和多发病,亦是重要的致盲眼病之一。角膜位于眼球的最前端,直接与外环境相接触,故受损机会较多,损伤后愈合的瘢痕将对患者的视功能产生严重的影响。因此对角膜进行合理的治疗对患者恢复视功能将有极大的帮助。
在药物治疗方面:人们使用外用类固醇来减少角膜混浊,对于屈光结果,虽然糖皮质激素可以保持远视的转变过程,但是,其效果在停止治疗后被逆转,无法使用此类药物作为长期治疗手段。其实,许多与角膜混浊有关的疾病不是由病原体或创伤直接造成的,是瘢痕组织造成的,例如:瘢痕性类天疱疮和史蒂夫-约翰逊综合征(SJS)。
羊膜移植手术(Amniotic membrane transplantation,AMT)可以成功的促进眼表组织(角膜和结膜上皮)损伤后的生长和愈合,抑制眼表和角膜瘢痕形成。但也存在其无法克服的缺点:1)移植的羊膜在术后数日或数周内会溶解和吸收,有时需要多次手术,为患者带来较大的痛苦;2)羊膜移植手术在世界范围内只有少数著名的眼科医生在设备齐全的眼科医院才能实施;3)羊膜的缝合过程不可避免地会造成一定的眼组织损伤;4)羊膜移植手术在角膜创伤的急性期存在感染和角膜穿孔的风险;5)AMT对患有严重的眼睛疾病及角膜创伤的治疗有很大的局限性。
角膜移植是世界上治疗角膜瘢痕致盲的主要方法,因受到角膜来源、手术设备、技术要求、免疫排斥反应等条件限制难以在世界范围内普及。
鉴于目前对角膜病治疗手段的匮乏,急需一种有效的治疗装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置,将羊膜与隐形接触镜粘合在一起,制备成羊膜隐形接触镜,将羊膜隐形接触镜与受伤的角膜组织接触。该装置可以根据个人需要,由角膜创伤的形状而定制,有效的保护眼角膜的创伤部位。同时该装置设计了透氧孔,能够大大增加氧气的通过量让角膜自由呼吸,让角膜保持在最佳状态。
具体技术方案如下:
一种角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置,包括羊膜和附型装置,其中,羊膜与附型装置粘合在一起,且羊膜粘合在附型装置内表面,附型装置上带有辅助透氧孔。
附型装置为隐形接触镜。
隐形接触镜为软性接触镜、硬性接触镜、或高透氧角膜塑形镜。
与目前现有技术相比,本实用新型角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置凭借羊膜粘结在羊膜隐形接触镜内或表面将羊膜隐形接触镜与羊膜联结在一起,该装置可以根据个人需要,由角膜创伤的形状而定制,有效的保护眼角膜的创伤部位。同时该装置设计了透氧孔,能够大大增加氧气的通过量让角膜自由呼吸,让角膜保持在最佳状态。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型羊膜隐形接触镜示意图一
上述图中的标记均为:
1、羊膜,2、隐形接触镜。
具体实施方式
下面根据附图对本实用新型进行详细描述,其为本实用新型多种实施方式中的一种优选实施例。
通过数控车床精密加工出隐形接触镜2,同时在隐形接触镜2上打出多个微型小孔,制作成透氧接触镜。
将羊膜1与隐形接触镜2粘合后应立即储存于羊膜储存液中,该羊膜储存液含有特定的炎症抑制制剂如抗菌素等。
隐形接触镜2可以将各种高透氧角膜塑形镜(RGP)概念引入隐形接触镜2中,隐形接触镜2的中间和周边形状不一,形成对角膜受伤部位的保护。
附型装置包括隐形接触镜2等在内的各种生物或合成附型装置上带有辅助透氧孔,具有高透氧性。
Claims (3)
1.一种角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置,其特征在于,包括羊膜和附型装置,其中,羊膜与附型装置粘合在一起,且羊膜粘合在附型装置内表面,附型装置上带有辅助透氧孔。
2.如权利要求1所述的角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置,其特征在于,附型装置为隐形接触镜。
3.如权利要求2所述的角膜损伤无瘢痕修复装置,其特征在于,隐形接触镜为软性接触镜、硬性接触镜、或高透氧角膜塑形镜。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017171706A1 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | Tello Celso | Amniotic or placental preparation and device for ophthalmic use as a dressing to enhance healing |
| CN112155845A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-01 | 钛盾生物(南京)有限公司 | 一种贴合式羊膜镜 |
| CN112220611A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 钛盾生物(南京)有限公司 | 一种透气羊膜镜 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-10 CN CN201420307131.XU patent/CN203935320U/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017171706A1 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | Tello Celso | Amniotic or placental preparation and device for ophthalmic use as a dressing to enhance healing |
| CN112155845A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-01 | 钛盾生物(南京)有限公司 | 一种贴合式羊膜镜 |
| CN112220611A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 钛盾生物(南京)有限公司 | 一种透气羊膜镜 |
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