EP0047746A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines mörtels und das dabei erhaltene produkt - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines mörtels und das dabei erhaltene produkt

Info

Publication number
EP0047746A1
EP0047746A1 EP19810900091 EP81900091A EP0047746A1 EP 0047746 A1 EP0047746 A1 EP 0047746A1 EP 19810900091 EP19810900091 EP 19810900091 EP 81900091 A EP81900091 A EP 81900091A EP 0047746 A1 EP0047746 A1 EP 0047746A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mortar
silane
process according
weight
products
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19810900091
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Dr. PÜHRINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0047746A1 publication Critical patent/EP0047746A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/40—Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
    • C04B24/42—Organo-silicon compounds

Definitions

  • the purpose of the present invention is to improve properties and functions of mortars (i.e. materials prepared from one or some hydraulic binders and mainly mineral ballast material having a grain size from the 5 filler range up to some centimeters), for example by lowering the capacity of water take up in the micro pore system, lowering the reduction of strength when adding a hydrophobating agent or even improve strength by a process for modifying hardened mortars for the
  • Another method of preparing mortars resides in using additives to change above all the physical/mechanical properties of such mortars.
  • An increase of the pore volume can also be ob-
  • Yet another manner to prepare -mortars with hydraulic binders is to subject the plastic mortar to high temperatures and high pressures.
  • /and finishing mortars are prepared from lime, cement, mineral ballast, water, pigments and convention al additives for different purposes.
  • Concrete mortar is made from different types of cement, mainly Portland cement, slag cement, mineral ballast and water and with conventional additives.
  • Particular types of mortars are light concrete and lime sand bricks. These types of mortars are at some stage during the process of manufacture treated with high temperatures under relatively high pressures for longer periods of time. The last-mentioned products are steam hardened in autoclaves.
  • Emulsions according to said patent specification can be made in different ways.
  • an active hydrophobating agent Uaere is used alkyl alkoxysilanes and condensation and hydrolysis products obtained therefrom with a criterion that they shall be soluble in lower alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol and propanol. It has now been surprisingly found that emulsions prepared in this manner not only can be used for hydrophobating the surface of already hardened mortars but may also be used as additives during one stage or some stages in the process for preparing the mortar.
  • the alkoxy residue of the silane may be consti ⁇ tuted by a methoxy or ethoxy residue and the alkyl residue of the alkyl alkoxysilane can have 1-6 carbon atoms.
  • phenyl alkoxysilanes having 2-3 alkoxy groups in the monomeric silane or 0-2 alkoxy groups in the oligomeric alcohol-soluble condensation product can thus be used according to the invention. This is true, of course, also for other combinations, such as for example phenylalkylsilanes and condensation.” products prepared therefrom containing reactive (ester) groups which after hydrolysis are converted into OH-groups or already consist of hydrolysates or partial hydrolysates.
  • alkyl alkoxysilanes, phenyl alkoxysilanes or alkoxy silanes having organo- -functional groups and tetraalkoxysilanes and/or their condensation products and/or their hydrolysates are added to the mortar at some stage during the process for its manufacture.
  • One criterion for the use of silicon- -organic compounds according to the invention is that they are soluble in alcohol, i.e. contain a limited number of silicon atoms, preferably less than 10 - i.e. their molecules are preferably oligomeric.
  • a measure for the suitability of the active preparations of being emulsified in water or a water-containing material is their solubility or compatibility with at least lower (monovalent) alcohols having up to 6 C-atoms, primarily their solubility in alcohols between methanol and propanol, inclusive, (or water) .
  • This compatibility with alcohol (or water or alcohol-water mixture) does not delimit the choice of conceivable solvents for the silane or polysiloxane products (alkoxy polysiloxanes) used in the invention. If said products meet the criterion that they are
  • -f ⁇ R soluble in lower alcohols they can- according to the invention suitably be used for direct emulsifying in water or direct to the wet mortar or admixed with the dry mortar and its constituents, optionally while adding tensides/surfactants/emulsifiers at some stage of the process for preparing the wet mortar.
  • Such products may also and optionally in the presence of catalysts be admixed and emulsified after they have (optionally together with tensides/surfactants/emulsifiers according to the invention) been dissolved in solvents of various types.
  • solvents there may be used not only monovalent alcohols but also two- and three-valent lower alcohols and aromatic solvents. Typical examples of the latter type of solvents of hydrocarbon type are inter alia toluol, xylol, etc.
  • the mixture of silanes or siloxanes, tensides and catalysts according to the invention with aliphatic or aromatic solvents can be used to impart to the respective preparations easier handling during manufacture, for example in disposing and use, such as viscosity changes, density changes, storage stability, avoidance of risk for unvoluntary contact with water etc.
  • Admixing can take place in the same manner and if required with the same tenside/sur- factant/emulsifiers and optionally catalysts as above when using alkylalkoxy silanes, their condensation and their hydrolyzation products when modifying products prepared from wet mortars containing hydraulic binders.
  • Adding silica esters (tetraalkoxy silanes) and/or their condensation products and/or their hydro- lysate products can take place separately or in admixture with alkyl, phenyl, alkylphenylalkoxy silanes or alkoxy siloxanes and in other respects according to the process of the invention.
  • the silicon-organic compounds which according to the invention may be used for hydrophobation of hardened masses prepared from wet mortar are alkyl and/or phenyl and/or alkylphenyl alkoxy silanes and their condensation and hydrolysis products.
  • the con ⁇ densation products used according to the invention are preferably so-called oligomeric silanes using an old term or using a new term called oligomeric (alkoxy) polysiloxanes.
  • the length of the alkyl groups and the size of the phenyl groups and the length of the alkoxy groups, i.e. the number of C-atoms contained therein, vary in view of the requirement that silica-organic compounds shall be soluble in lower alcohol and is relatively limited.
  • the alkyl groups may contain up to 35 carbon atoms, but a number of carbon atoms less than 20, preferably less than or equal to 10 should be used. From economic reasons of production the ' upper limit for the number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group is five, a preferred number being two or/and three.
  • silica esters tetraalkoxy silanes
  • the alkoxy residue shall be an ethoxy residue or longer, i.e. contain equally to or more than two carbon atoms, from environ ⁇ mental reasons.
  • methoxy residues precaution- ary steps should be taken (closed process) for environ ⁇ mental reasons.
  • Modification of hardened mortars made according to the invention takes place by adding to the mortar at some stage during the process for its manufacture silicon-organic preparations of a particular type con ⁇ sisting of or prepared from alkylalkoxy silanes, phenyl alkoxy silanes or tetraalkoxy silanes together with or in the presence of tenside/emulsifier/surfactants (and optionally catalysts).
  • silicon-organic preparations optionally in solvents, according to the invention into water or water-con ⁇ taining mortars or water-containing mixtures of mate ⁇ rials or the dry constituents of the mortar tensides may be used.
  • anionic and non-ionic tensides there may be used anionic and non-ionic tensides, preferably non-ionic tensides.
  • non-ionic tensides there are used preferably tensides which are compatible with or soluble in lower alcohols and in active silane or siloxane preparations according to the invention.
  • anionic tensides which are conceivable are the following: Sulphonated and sulphurated esters, amines and polyethers, sulphonated and sulphurated fats, oils and fatty acids. Reaction products between fatty acids and binary, tertiary, quaternary organic amines and, of course, soap etc.
  • preferred non-ionic substances suitable as emulsifiers are - alcohol-alkylene oxide adducts and esters.
  • Particularly preferred surfactants are the following: Sorbitane fatty esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitane fatty esters, polyoxyethylene fatty esters and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers and polyoxy ⁇ ethylene adducts.
  • such tensides can be used which loose their surface-active properties - they shall be capable of decomposition - at some stage during the process of manufacture, but at the latest before taking into use the building product prepared from wet mortar so that the effect of surfactant does not reduce the desired effect of the active hydrophobating/modifying prepa ⁇ ration.
  • the surface-active tensides may loose their surface-active properties from one or some of the following reasons:
  • Alkaline or acid substances Alkaline or acid substances, oxidation or reduct ⁇ ion agents, heat or radiation.
  • a preferred method for decomposing tensides is to allow them according to the invention to decompose by the alkalinity of the building material or the heat used under the process of manufacture. If there is used according to the invention non-alkali resistant, preferably non-ionic substances as emulsifiers one can obtain the advantage that the emulsion is degraded already during the state of manufacture of mortar containing hydraulic binders, said stage in accordance with known technique being determined by the quantity of surfactant additive so that the local concentration of the active preparations according to the invention is not carried to a higher degree than desirable.
  • tensides may be used which are soluble in oil- and tensides may be used which are soluble or emulsifiable in water. It has been found that a mixture of such types of tensides sometimes gives the best result. It has been found that mixtures between 10/90 % and 90/10 % can give better results than the addition of individual types of tensides.
  • One purpose of the invention is - if desired - to provide prepolymerized or polymerized particles, which as to function are similar to powder, in one single process in connection with the manufacture of the wet mortar.
  • This is according to the invention done by using a type of catalyst, i.e. substances promoting condensation and polymerization of alkoxysilanes to polysiloxanes (in the presence of moist or water).
  • a type of catalyst i.e. substances promoting condensation and polymerization of alkoxysilanes to polysiloxanes (in the presence of moist or water).
  • Such substances are known from the art of preparing silicon products of alkoxysilanes.
  • catalysts useful according to the invention are as follows:
  • Catalysts for use in the process according to the invention can consist of (silan(ol)polymerization)cata- . lysts and (silan(ol)condentation)catalysts which in most cases also are hydrolysis catalysts, in accordance with known technique, above all catalysts which hydro- lyze, polymerize and condensate silanes/silanols, siloxanes and silicons. Some alkoxy silanes are hydrolyzing themselves. Other alkoxy silanes are hydrolyzed at acid or alkaline reaction.conditions. Examples of such catalysts are given in the following: A first group consists of catalysts, for example according to Swedish patent No.
  • cata- lysts for the process according to the invention are metal salts of carboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids.
  • the metals in this instance are inter alia lead, tin, nickel cobalt, iron, cadmium, chromium, zinc, copper, manganese, aluminium, magnesium, barium, strontium, calcium, cesium, sodium, potassium, lithium, titanium and zirconium and vanadium.
  • silanopolymerization catalysts are metal oxides.
  • Yet another agent to provide silane and silanol- polymerization and optional coupling of silan(ol)s to the OH-groups of the substrate in the mortar are chelate complexes.
  • a particular type of chelate complexes used in the preparation of silicons is ⁇ obtained by reaction of metal alcoholates and chelates ⁇ a process which is described in principle in Belgian patent B 564 179.
  • the chelate complex is obtained according to the principles illustrated in said patent specification are prepared from metal acid esters, the chelates being beta diketones ⁇ betaketone esters, beta hydroxy or betaamino ketones and similar substances. Further examples of chelates are given in U.S. patent specification 3 153 000.
  • cata- lysts are quite flexibly useful. They can be admixed with or dissolved in either water and/or alcohols and/or conventional organic solvents and/or mixtures thereof. Some catalysts may even be evaporized and transported in gas form. Certain catalysts, for example from the classes naphthenates and octoates, are silicon- and silanesolubel.
  • the catalysts suitable for the process of the invention can be selected from the above groups (singly or in combinations, simultaneously or in sequence), the choice being taken while considering requirements and desiderata, such as way of transportation, technique for application, properties of material and way of functioning etc.
  • catalysts prepared from metal alcoholates and chelates may either be prepared before the application or they can be formed in situ in that the individual components are introduced 'separately, possibly together with other components in the preparations in the process of the invention.
  • combi ⁇ nations of alkoxysilanes and different combinations of catalysts not specified above but in accordance with known technique, used for polymerization and conden ⁇ sation of polymers may be used.
  • water is required to provide for hydrolysis of the hydrolyzable components present in the treating agent or agents.
  • water can be found in the substrate or may be supplied to the substrate by methods known per se.
  • the mortar may, however, also be present in the components for the preparation of the respective hydrolysates or in the transport medium, and water is, of course, also present as mixing-, process ⁇ or reaction water in the manufacture of mortar masses in gas or liquid form or when cooling is required in the form of ice.
  • catalysts there may be used catalysts used within silicon technology to prepare polymers from alkoxy silanes.
  • Preferred catalysts are those soluble in alkoxy silanes or/and lower alcohols.
  • Catalysts can function also as tensides/emulsifiers/surfactants or vice versa. The supply of such catalysts can take place together with the alkoxysilane or solutions thereof,
  • OMP catalysts being admixed with or dissolved or dispersed in the silane, optionally together with alcohol and surfactant according to the invention.
  • the catalyst may also be added in some form to parts of the wet or dry mortar during the process of preparing the wet mortar.
  • the catalyst can be added to all mixtures or-mixture variations of the effective preparations according to the invention, namely alkoxy silane, tenside/surfactant/emulsifier, alcohol or alcohol and water mixture or each separately.
  • the catalysts can be soluble in alcohols and can then be added to, admixed with or dissolved in silanes. Also solutions of catalysts in conventional solvents of aromatic or aliphatic type can be used to admix catalysts with the silane or with the mortar. Catalysts can also be dispersed in silanes. Also in admixing cata ⁇ lysts with silanes and tensides the techniques for admixing with the dry or wet mortar as described early can be used.
  • the process of adding emulsions or dispersions and suspensions of alkoxy silanes, their condensation products and their hydrolysis products to the dry or wet mortar can be supplemented according to the invention by adding catalysts to said mixtures, preferably to the alkoxy silane before admixing into the continuous phase.
  • catalysts preferably to the alkoxy silane before admixing into the continuous phase.
  • silanes and (oligomeric) polysiloxanes may be added to the mortar at some stage during its process of manufacture.
  • Silane emulsions (containing also tensides and optionally catalysts) may be added to the ballast or parts thereof. They can be added to the mixing water. They can be added to the binder (for example if the binder is activated before admixture with the mortar). They can be added to the dry mortar as a whole or to parts thereof or a particular pulverulent carrier sub ⁇ stance. They can also be added to the wet mortar.
  • silicon- organic compounds according to the invention and/or tensides/surfactants/emulsifiers or catalysts may be dissolved also in solvents in accordance with con ⁇ ventional technique of the type hydrocarbon oils, which in some cases also in a conventional manner can function as additives, such as for example foam stabilizers.
  • Particles of active substances according to the invention may also be provided with the quantities of water required to prepare the wet mortar either as a whole or parts thereof. Also in this case some methods are preferred in accordance with the invention. Binde /ballast or parts thereof can be mixed with silicon-organic compounds and/or surfactants and/or catalysts or solvents. Such surface-active preparations according to the invention can be added also to the water/mineral grain mixtures used in the preparation of gypsum- products (full process water or parts thereof act as a continuous phase in a dispersion) .
  • Active preparations can be mixed with blowing agents, such preparations and conventional additives being used as carrier substances in mixing. Active preparations according to the invention may also be added to the wet mortar in some stage of its manu ⁇ facture.
  • the quantities of active preparations used can be added in mixture or separately at different stages during the process of manufacture of a wet mortar from the prepa- ration of the ballast material (optionally including
  • silanes and polysiloxanes tensides and catalysts can be added according to the invention to the_ wet mortar directly either together or individually.
  • parts of the mortar can optionally be treated with alkoxy silanes
  • a special way of providing emulsions of silanes, mainly alkoxy silanes or their hydrolysis and conden ⁇ sation products, according to the invention is the
  • Parts of the consituents of the dry mortar being either fractions or parts of the ballast, of the binder or a particular pulverulent fine-grained carrier substance, are treated on their surfaces with alkoxy silanes, surfactant, such as emulsifier; (and
  • alkaline mixing conditions are to be obtained for hydrolysis and polymerization of silanes and silica esters and other esters, such can be provided by adding for example alcoholates of alkaline
  • OMPI provided in ary other ways.
  • Alkaline mixing con ⁇ ditions are obtained for example by adding slaked or unslaked lime, cement, granulated shaft furnace slag to the dry mortar, the wet mortar or their constituents or by using certain catalysts according to the invention.
  • active preparations silanes, tensides, catalysts
  • solutions or emulsions in a liquid form, solid form or suspensions or in the form of gases or aerosols.
  • solvents there may be used lower alcohols or other polar solvents.
  • As a transport medium for aerosols there may be used water vapour or air or mixtures thereof.
  • As an emulsifier (continuous phase) for the addition of emulsions or suspensions there may be used water or alcohols or mixtures thereof.
  • alkoxy silanes to mortars can be freely selected but for economic reasons it should be less than 5 % of the dry weight of the binder, preferably within the range 0.1 - 3 % •
  • the surfactant/ emulsifier additive constitutes ⁇ .l o/oo - 10 % of the silane weight, preferably within the range 1 o/oo - 10 % .
  • Silane or the silane/surfactant mixture can contain alcohol compatible with water, preferably lower alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol (preferably) and propanol, or non-water soluble aliphatic and aromatic solvents between 0 and 200 % of the silane weight (siloxane weight), preferably within the range 10-50 % .
  • Catalyst additives used in accordance with the invention are delimited to 10 % of the weight of the silane for economical reasons with a lowermost limit of technical reasons of 0.1 o/oo.
  • the preferred range is between 1 o/oo and 5 % of the weight of the silane.
  • the process according to the invention can be used for manufacture of building elements and building com ⁇ ponents of various types, such as ordinary and finishing mortars, concrete, light ballast concrete, clinker con ⁇ crete, light concrete, sandstone products and the like.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicon Polymers (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
EP19810900091 1979-12-17 1980-12-16 Verfahren zur herstellung eines mörtels und das dabei erhaltene produkt Withdrawn EP0047746A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8008785 1979-12-17
SE8008785 1979-12-17
SE8008786 1980-01-21
SE8008786 1980-01-21
SE8008787 1980-09-03
SE8008787 1980-09-03
SE8007757 1980-11-05
SE8007757 1980-11-05
SE8008789 1980-11-18
SE8008789 1980-11-18
SE8008391 1980-11-28
SE8008391 1980-11-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0047746A1 true EP0047746A1 (de) 1982-03-24

Family

ID=27555305

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810900091 Withdrawn EP0047746A1 (de) 1979-12-17 1980-12-16 Verfahren zur herstellung eines mörtels und das dabei erhaltene produkt

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0047746A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58500061A (de)
WO (1) WO1981001703A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2433497A (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-27 Dow Corning Hydrophobic gypsum

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3044948A1 (de) * 1980-11-28 1982-07-01 Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München Verfahren zum herstellen von bausteinen oder bauteilen
GB2117372A (en) * 1982-03-25 1983-10-12 Branko Richard Babic Building materials
JPH02199048A (ja) * 1988-10-31 1990-08-07 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd セメント用遮塩性賦与剤、セメント組成物、セメントモルタル並びにコンクリート
JPH035348A (ja) * 1989-05-30 1991-01-11 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd アルカリ骨材反応防止剤およびその用途
DE19747794A1 (de) * 1997-10-30 1999-05-06 Degussa Verfahren zur Herstellung von in der Masse hydrophobiertem Beton
DE19837170A1 (de) * 1998-08-17 2000-02-24 Dennert Kg Veit Hydrophobierte mineralische Dämmplatte und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
BE1012853A3 (nl) * 1999-08-25 2001-04-03 Michiels Hugo Remi Samengesteld isolerend materiaal en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen ervan.
US20060254469A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-11-16 Tsuyoshi Hirata Additive for hydraulic material and concrete composition
WO2021187522A1 (ja) 2020-03-17 2021-09-23 ダウ・東レ株式会社 セメント組成物及びその硬化物
CN115335346A (zh) * 2020-03-17 2022-11-11 陶氏东丽株式会社 预制混凝土成形体

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DE1171192B (de) * 1962-09-27 1964-05-27 John Deere Lanz Ag Vorrichtung zur Winkelverstellung des Pflugrahmens von um 180íÒ schwenkbaren Anbaudrehpfluegen
NL302553A (de) * 1963-01-28
US3382083A (en) * 1964-03-05 1968-05-07 Union Carbide Corp Filled inorganic structural compositions having improved strength
DE1223287B (de) * 1964-09-04 1966-08-18 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von wasserabweisenden Formkoerpern und UEberzuegen aus anorganischen Massen
SE403281B (sv) * 1973-05-04 1978-08-07 Nya Asfalt Ab Forfarande for framstellning av mur- och putsbruk, som innehaller ett ballastmaterial av konventionell typ och kalk och/eller cement jemte vatten som hardnande bindemedel och som har hogt motstand ...
US4174228A (en) * 1978-03-28 1979-11-13 Ppg Industries, Inc. Cementitious magnesia compositions containing salts of organo-silanols

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2433497A (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-27 Dow Corning Hydrophobic gypsum

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58500061A (ja) 1983-01-13
WO1981001703A1 (en) 1981-06-25

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