EP0141056A1 - Procédé d'oxydation anodique en une étape des matériaux supports en aluminium pour plaques d'impression offset - Google Patents
Procédé d'oxydation anodique en une étape des matériaux supports en aluminium pour plaques d'impression offset Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0141056A1 EP0141056A1 EP84108775A EP84108775A EP0141056A1 EP 0141056 A1 EP0141056 A1 EP 0141056A1 EP 84108775 A EP84108775 A EP 84108775A EP 84108775 A EP84108775 A EP 84108775A EP 0141056 A1 EP0141056 A1 EP 0141056A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- aqueous
- electrolyte
- gew
- anodic oxidation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- -1 phosphorus oxo anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KETQAJRQOHHATG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-naphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)C=CC2=C1 KETQAJRQOHHATG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ACNUVXZPCIABEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3',6'-diaminospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(N)C=C1OC1=CC(N)=CC=C21 ACNUVXZPCIABEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LRMHFDNWKCSEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;phenol Chemical compound CCOCC.OC1=CC=CC=C1 LRMHFDNWKCSEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- JQTDXIGVRQMWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-n-(oxomethylidene)propane-2-sulfonamide Chemical compound O=C=NCC(C)S(=O)(=O)N=C=O JQTDXIGVRQMWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXFQSRIDYRFTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(C)=C1 LXFQSRIDYRFTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXFQSRIDYRFTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(C)=C1 LXFQSRIDYRFTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[6-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-n-(2-methyl-6-sulfanylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.C=1C(N2CCN(CCO)CC2)=NC(C)=NC=1NC(S1)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1S WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbut-3-enal Chemical compound CCC(C=C)C=O CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRYCRPNCXLQHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1C=O ZRYCRPNCXLQHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001295925 Gegenes Species 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl aniline Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005137 alkenylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IIRVGTWONXBBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;dioxido(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][P+]([O-])=O IIRVGTWONXBBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[3-(ethylamino)-6-ethylimino-2,7-dimethylxanthen-9-yl]benzoate;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=2C=C(C)C(NCC)=CC=2OC2=CC(=[NH+]CC)C(C)=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QVEIBLDXZNGPHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4-dione;diazide Chemical class [N-]=[N+]=[N-].[N-]=[N+]=[N-].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 QVEIBLDXZNGPHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PGQFNABEWLPOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ene;sulfuryl diisocyanate Chemical compound CC=C.O=C=NS(=O)(=O)N=C=O PGQFNABEWLPOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KIMPPGSMONZDMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)[O-] KIMPPGSMONZDMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIVJSMIYMAOVSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;phosphono dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O YIVJSMIYMAOVSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical class [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010148 water-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
- B41N3/03—Chemical or electrical pretreatment
- B41N3/034—Chemical or electrical pretreatment characterised by the electrochemical treatment of the aluminum support, e.g. anodisation, electro-graining; Sealing of the anodised layer; Treatment of the anodic layer with inorganic compounds; Colouring of the anodic layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S205/00—Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions
- Y10S205/921—Electrolytic coating of printing member, other than selected area coating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a one-step anodic oxidation process for aluminum, which is used as a carrier material for offset printing plates.
- Carrier materials for offset printing plates are provided either by the consumer directly or by the manufacturer of precoated printing plates on one or both sides with a radiation (light) sensitive layer (reproduction layer), with the help of which a printing image is generated photomechanically.
- the layer support carries the image areas which will guide the color during later printing and at the same time forms the hydrophilic image background for the lithographic printing process at the areas which are free of image (non-image areas) during later printing.
- Aluminum which is roughened on the surface by known methods by dry brushing, wet brushing, sandblasting, chemical and / or electrochemical treatment, is used particularly frequently as the base material for such layer supports.
- electrochemically roughened substrates in particular are subjected to an anodization step to build up a thin oxide layer.
- electrolytes such as H 2 S0 4 , H 3 p 0 4 , H 2 C 2 0 4 , H 3 BO 3 , amidosulfonic acid, sulfosuccinic acid, sulfosalicylic acid or mixtures thereof.
- the oxide layers built up in these electrolytes or electrolyte mixtures differ in structure, layer thickness and resistance to chemicals.
- offset Printing plates are used in particular aqueous H 2 S0 4 or H 3 P0 4 solution.
- Aluminum oxide layers produced in aqueous electrolytes containing H 2 SO 4 are amorphous and usually have a layer weight of about 0.5 to 10 g / m 2 in offset printing plates, corresponding to a layer thickness of about 0.15 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- a disadvantage of using such anodized substrate for offset printing plates is the relatively low resistance of the oxide layers produced in H 2 S0 4 electrolytes to alkaline solutions, such as are increasingly being used, for example, in the processing of presensitized offset printing plates, preferably in modern developer solutions for irradiated, negative- or in particular positive-working, radiation-sensitive layers.
- the aluminum oxide layer produced in this way should have a weight of 10 to 200 mg / m 2 .
- the aluminum can also be mechanically or chemically roughened or etched beforehand.
- the aqueous bath for the electrolytic treatment of aluminum which then with a water-soluble or water.
- dispersible coating substance to be provided contains 5 to 45% of silicates, 1 to 2.5% of permanganates or from 1% to saturation of borates, phosphates , Chromates, molybdate or vanadates.
- a carrier material for printing plates which carries an oxide layer which is caused by anodic oxidation of aluminum nium is produced in an aqueous solution of H 3 P0 3 or a mixture of H 2 S0 4 / H 3 P0 3 ; then this relatively porous oxide layer is overlaid with a second oxide film of the "barrier layer" type, which can be formed, for example, in aqueous solutions containing boric acid, tartaric acid or borates by anodic oxidation.
- Both the first stage (example 3, 5 min) and the second stage (example 3, 2 min) are carried out very slowly, as well as the second at a relatively high temperature (80 °) .
- An oxide layer produced in H 3 P0 4 is often more resistant to alkaline media than an oxide layer produced in an electrolyte based on H 2 S0 4 solution; it also has some other advantages, such as a lighter surface, better water flow or low adsorption of dyes ("fog" in the non-image areas), but it also has significant disadvantages.
- oxide layer weights of up to about 1.5 g / m 2 can be produced, a layer thickness that naturally offers less protection against mechanical abrasion than a thicker one in an H 2 S0 4 electrolyte produced oxide layer.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a method for the anodic oxidation of carrier materials for offset printing plates on the basis of roughened and anodically oxidized aluminum, which can be carried out relatively quickly in a modern belt system and without great outlay in terms of apparatus and process technology and which supplies carrier materials, which are characterized by increased resistance to alkaline media and very good mechanical stability.
- the invention is based on a process for the production of plate, film or ribbon-shaped carrier mat materials for offset printing plates made of roughened aluminum or one of its alloys by a single-stage anodic oxidation in an aqueous electrolyte containing anions containing phosphorus.
- the process according to the invention is then characterized in that the aluminum is first roughened electrochemically or mechanically and electrochemically and then in an aqueous electrolyte containing dissolved phosphorus oxo anions, with the exception of an electrolyte consisting of aqueous H 3 PO 4 , for a period of 1 up to 90 sec, anodized at a voltage between 10 and 100 V and at a temperature of 10 to 80 ° C.
- stage a) is carried out for a period of 5 to 70 seconds, at a voltage between 20 and 80 V and at a temperature of 15 to 70 ° C., in particular from 10 to 60 seconds, at 30 up to 60 V and at 25 to 60 ° C.
- the corresponding ammonium and in particular potassium salts can be used in the same way.
- a preferred embodiment of the anodizing process according to the invention uses a solution of trisodium phosphate (Na 3 PO 4 ) or tripotassium phosphate (K 3 PO 4 ) in deionized water as the electrolyte.
- the oxide layer weight to be achieved by the method according to the invention increases with increasing electrolyte concentration and increasing voltage. While at electrolyte concentrations below 60 g / l, at voltages of up to 60 V and exposure times of up to 90 sec oxide layer weights of up to about 1 g / m 2 can be achieved, surprisingly, oxide layer weights of even over 3 g / m 2 can be built up at higher electrolyte concentrations.
- the highest oxidation stage with the use of said phosphoroxo anion is usually obtained with K 3 P0 4 or Na 3 PO 4.
- the oxide layer thicknesses to be achieved in this electrolyte can surprisingly be in the range of an oxide produced in an electrolyte containing H 2 SO 4 .
- the influence of the concentration of the electrolyte on the oxide layer weight to be achieved cannot be determined when using H 3 PO 4 in concentrations above 100 g / l, in contrast to the electrolytes used according to the invention.
- the current-time curves of the anodization in the various electrolytes used according to the invention show that a constant current flow is only maintained over time when Na 3 P0 4 or K 3 P0 4 is used. This means that when using Na 3 P0 4 or K 3 P0 4 in the aqueous electrolyte for anodizing, the oxide layer growth depends on the anodizing time. However, at long anodizing times, a redissolution of the oxide in the anodizing electrolyte can be accepted.
- the alkali resistance (measured in the zincate test) of the oxide from concentrations of more than 60 g / 1 is no longer significantly dependent on the concentration of the electrolyte.
- the maximum zincate test time at a concentration between 60 and 100 g / 1 of, for example, Na 3 PO 4 , the further increase in the concentration of the electrolyte does not increase the zincate test time.
- the anodizing time at a given concentration and voltage is also only of subordinate influence on the alkali resistance of the oxide.
- the main influence on the alkali resistance is exerted by the applied anodizing voltage.
- the increase in zincate test times coincides with an increase in voltage.
- Suitable base materials for the material to be oxidized according to the invention include those made of aluminum or one of its alloys, which for example have a content of more than 98.5% by weight of Al and proportions of Si, Fe, Ti, Cu and Zn. These aluminum carrier materials are still, if necessary after a preliminary cleaning, mechanically (e.g. by brushing and / or with abrasive treatments) and electrochemically (e.g. by AC treatment in aqueous HCl, HN0 3 - or in salt solutions) or only electrochemically roughened. All process steps can be carried out batchwise, but they are preferably carried out continuously.
- the process parameters are in the electrochemical roughening stage in the following ranges: the temperature of the electrolyte between 20 and 60 ° C., the active substance (acid, salt) concentration between 2 and 100 g / 1 (in the case of salts also higher), the current density between 15 and 250 A / dm 2 , the residence time between 3 and 100 sec and the electrolyte flow rate on the surface of the workpiece to be treated between 5 and 100 cm / sec; AC is usually used as the type of current, but modified types of current such as AC with different amplitudes of the current strength are also possible for the anode and cathode currents.
- the average roughness depth R of the roughened surface is in the range from about 1 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the roughness depth is determined in accordance with DIN 4768 in the version from October 1970, the roughness depth R z is then the arithmetic mean of the individual roughness depths of five adjacent individual measuring sections.
- Pre-cleaning includes, for example, treatment with aqueous NaOH solution with or without a degreasing agent and / or complexing agents, trichlorethylene, acetone, methanol or other commercially available aluminum stains.
- the roughening or, in the case of several roughening stages, also between the individual stages, an abrasive treatment can additionally be carried out, in particular a maximum of 2 g / m 2 being removed (up to 5 g / m 2 between the stages);
- aqueous solutions of alkali metal hydroxide or aqueous solutions of alkaline salts or aqueous acid solutions based on HN0 31 H 2 S0 4 or H 3 P0 4 are used as abrasive solutions.
- the stage of anodic oxidation of the aluminum support material can also be followed by one or more post-treatment stages, although this is often not necessary, particularly in the present process.
- These post-treatment stages serve in particular to additionally increase the hydrophilicity of the aluminum oxide layer, which is often sufficient, while at least the other known properties of this layer are retained.
- the materials produced according to the invention are used as supports for offset printing plates, i. H. a radiation-sensitive coating is applied to one or both sides of the carrier material either by the manufacturer of presensitized printing plates or directly by the consumer.
- a radiation-sensitive coating is applied to one or both sides of the carrier material either by the manufacturer of presensitized printing plates or directly by the consumer.
- all layers are suitable as radiation (light) sensitive layers which, after irradiation (exposure), optionally with subsequent development and / or fixation, provide an imagewise surface from which printing can take place.
- photo-semiconducting layers such as e.g. in DE-C 11 17 391, 15 22 497, 15 72 312, 23 22 046 and 23 22 047 are described, are applied to the carrier materials produced according to the invention, thereby producing highly light-sensitive, electrophotographic printing plates.
- coated offset printing plates obtained from the carrier materials produced by the process according to the invention are prepared in a known manner by imagewise exposure or irradiation and washing out the non-image areas with a developer, for example an aqueous alkaline developer solution; transferred to the desired printing form.
- a developer for example an aqueous alkaline developer solution
- the sample of a defined size, protected on the back by a layer of lacquer, is moved in a bath containing an aqueous solution of 6 g / l of NaOH.
- the weight loss experienced in this bath is determined gravimetrically. Times of 1, 2, 4 or 8 minutes are selected as the treatment time in the alkaline bath.
- a bright rolled aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm is degreased with an aqueous alkaline pickling solution at a temperature of 50 to 70 ° C.
- the electrochemical roughening of the aluminum surface takes place with alternating current in an electrolyte containing HN0 3 , a surface roughness having an R z value of about 6 m being obtained.
- the subsequent anodic oxidation is carried out in accordance with the process described in EP-B 0 004 569 performed in an aqueous electrolyte containing H 2 S0 4 and A1 2 (S0 4 ) 3 , which leads to a layer weight of 2.8 g / m 2 .
- An aluminum strip roughened in accordance with comparative example V1 is anodically oxidized in an aqueous electrolyte containing 100 g / l of H 3 PO 4 at a voltage of 40 V for 40 seconds.
- An oxide layer weight of 0.9 g / m 2 is obtained.
- the printing plate produced in this way can be developed quickly and free of fog.
- the print run with a printing form produced in this way is 170,000.
- a carrier material produced in accordance with Comparative Example VI and coated with the same formulation can only be developed under difficult conditions. After development, a yellow haze may remain in the non-image areas, which may be caused by adhering particles of the diazonium compound. If a carrier material according to Comparative Example V2 is used, a clear gloss is found in the non-image areas after printing after about 90,000 prints, which increases with increasing circulation. After 120,000 prints, the print quality has dropped to a level that is no longer accepted in practice.
- the printing form obtained is perfect in terms of copying and printing technology and has a very good contrast after exposure, the print run is 150,000.
- a corresponding plate made from the carrier material of Comparative Example VI shows a blue haze in the non-image areas. With prolonged exposure to the developer, there is a clear light-dark shade in the non-image areas, which indicates an attack by the developer solution of the oxide.
- the print run of the plate in a printing press is 170,000.
- the copying layer adheres significantly less.
- Example 12 An aluminum strip prepared as described in Example 12 is immersed in a further treatment step (additional hydrophilization) in a 0.2% aqueous solution of polyvinylphosphonic acid at 50 ° C. for 20 seconds. After drying, the support material additionally hydrophilized in this way is further processed as described in Example 3, it being possible to improve the ink-repelling effect of the non-image areas.
- An even more favorable hydrophilization is achieved with the complex-type reaction products described in DE-A 31 26 636 from a) polymers such as polyvinylphosphonic acid and b) a salt of an at least divalent metal cation.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Electrochemical Coating By Surface Reaction (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19833328049 DE3328049A1 (de) | 1983-08-03 | 1983-08-03 | Verfahren zur einstufigen anodischen oxidation von traegermaterialien aus aluminium fuer offsetdruckplatten |
| DE3328049 | 1983-08-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0141056A1 true EP0141056A1 (fr) | 1985-05-15 |
| EP0141056B1 EP0141056B1 (fr) | 1987-11-04 |
Family
ID=6205686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84108775A Expired EP0141056B1 (fr) | 1983-08-03 | 1984-07-25 | Procédé d'oxydation anodique en une étape des matériaux supports en aluminium pour plaques d'impression offset |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4604341A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0141056B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS6052596A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU565774B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8403870A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1237693A (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE3328049A1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA845905B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4647346A (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1987-03-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Anodized aluminum support, method for the preparation thereof and lithographic printing plate containing same |
| US5084331A (en) * | 1989-01-23 | 1992-01-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electroerosion recording medium of improved corrosion resistance |
| US5131987A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1992-07-21 | Aluminum Company Of America | Process for making an adhesively bonded aluminum article |
| DE69106454T2 (de) * | 1990-08-16 | 1995-05-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Herstellungsverfahren für ein Substrat für lithographische Druckplatten, nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Substrat für lithographische Druckplatten und das Substrat enthaltende vorsensibilisierte Platte. |
| US5176947A (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1993-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electroerosion printing plates |
| JP2732961B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-18 | 1998-03-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 荷電粒子線装置 |
| CH687989A5 (de) * | 1993-02-18 | 1997-04-15 | Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag | Aluminiumhaeltiges Substrat. |
| CN1034522C (zh) * | 1995-04-18 | 1997-04-09 | 哈尔滨环亚微弧技术有限公司 | 等离子体增强电化学表面陶瓷化方法及其制得的产品 |
| JP5334445B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-07 | 2013-11-06 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | アルミニウム合金製部材及びその製造方法 |
| US11187470B2 (en) | 2019-08-01 | 2021-11-30 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Plate fin crossflow heat exchanger |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2164600A1 (fr) * | 1971-12-24 | 1973-08-03 | Dainichiseika Color Chem | |
| FR2187937A1 (fr) * | 1972-06-03 | 1974-01-18 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | |
| US4188270A (en) * | 1978-09-08 | 1980-02-12 | Akiyoshi Kataoka | Process for electrolytically forming glossy film on articles of aluminum or alloy thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3511661A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1970-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Co | Lithographic printing plate |
| US3522166A (en) * | 1967-04-21 | 1970-07-28 | Reynolds Metals Co | Electrical system for anodizing |
| GB1244723A (en) * | 1967-11-15 | 1971-09-02 | Howson Algraphy Ltd | Improvements in or relating to presensitised lithographic printing plates |
| JPS5319974B2 (fr) * | 1972-10-04 | 1978-06-23 | ||
| DE2811396A1 (de) * | 1978-03-16 | 1979-09-27 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur anodischen oxidation von aluminium und dessen verwendung als druckplatten-traegermaterial |
| DE3025814C2 (de) * | 1980-07-08 | 1985-06-13 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Elektromagnetisches Relais |
| US4399021A (en) * | 1980-09-26 | 1983-08-16 | American Hoechst Corporation | Novel electrolytes for electrochemically treated metal plates |
| EP0050216B1 (fr) * | 1980-09-26 | 1985-01-09 | American Hoechst Corporation | Procédé pour l'oxydation anodique d'aluminium et son utilisation comme support pour planches d'imprimerie |
| JPS586639A (ja) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-14 | Toshiba Corp | デ−タ伝送装置 |
| DE3211759A1 (de) * | 1982-03-30 | 1983-10-06 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum anodisieren von aluminiumwerkstoffen und aluminierten teilen |
-
1983
- 1983-08-03 DE DE19833328049 patent/DE3328049A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-07-25 DE DE8484108775T patent/DE3467191D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-07-25 EP EP84108775A patent/EP0141056B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1984-07-26 CA CA000459732A patent/CA1237693A/fr not_active Expired
- 1984-07-26 US US06/634,588 patent/US4604341A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-07-31 ZA ZA845905A patent/ZA845905B/xx unknown
- 1984-08-02 AU AU31429/84A patent/AU565774B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-08-02 BR BR8403870A patent/BR8403870A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-08-03 JP JP59163018A patent/JPS6052596A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2164600A1 (fr) * | 1971-12-24 | 1973-08-03 | Dainichiseika Color Chem | |
| FR2187937A1 (fr) * | 1972-06-03 | 1974-01-18 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | |
| US4188270A (en) * | 1978-09-08 | 1980-02-12 | Akiyoshi Kataoka | Process for electrolytically forming glossy film on articles of aluminum or alloy thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| GALVANOTECHNIK, Band 66, Nr. 5, 1975, Seite 436; & SU - A - 452 630 (FLUGTECHN. INST. KASAN) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3328049A1 (de) | 1985-02-21 |
| BR8403870A (pt) | 1985-07-09 |
| AU3142984A (en) | 1985-02-07 |
| JPH0450399B2 (fr) | 1992-08-14 |
| ZA845905B (en) | 1985-03-27 |
| DE3467191D1 (en) | 1987-12-10 |
| CA1237693A (fr) | 1988-06-07 |
| EP0141056B1 (fr) | 1987-11-04 |
| JPS6052596A (ja) | 1985-03-25 |
| US4604341A (en) | 1986-08-05 |
| AU565774B2 (en) | 1987-09-24 |
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