EP0453702B1 - An automatic flushing device for a flush toilet - Google Patents

An automatic flushing device for a flush toilet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0453702B1
EP0453702B1 EP91100179A EP91100179A EP0453702B1 EP 0453702 B1 EP0453702 B1 EP 0453702B1 EP 91100179 A EP91100179 A EP 91100179A EP 91100179 A EP91100179 A EP 91100179A EP 0453702 B1 EP0453702 B1 EP 0453702B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
threaded
coil
case
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91100179A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0453702A1 (en
Inventor
Su-Haw Liu
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT91100179T priority Critical patent/ATE83819T1/en
Publication of EP0453702A1 publication Critical patent/EP0453702A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0453702B1 publication Critical patent/EP0453702B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/10—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated electrically, e.g. by a photo-cell; also combined with devices for opening or closing shutters in the bowl outlet and/or with devices for raising/or lowering seat and cover and/or for swiveling the bowl

Definitions

  • an automatic flushing device for a flush toilet comprising a tank with a tank lid, a cylindrical base being provided for containing a coil, a round iron block being provided in the coil, a connecting means being provided for connecting said round block together with a rhonboidal ball, an ear hole protruding sidewise at the lower section of the connecting means for tying with a push handle fixed at the outer side of the tank for manually pushing the handle to actuate the connecting means to move up so that the rhonboidal ball can also be moved up to leave and outlet in the bottom of the tank, and a control box containing an infrared sensor and an electronic circuit, said infrared sensor connected with the electronic circuit connected with the coil in the cylindrical base, said infrared sensor sensing the presence of a user of the toilet and energizing the coil by the electronic circuit to move up the round block and according the connecting means together with the rhonboidal ball so that the water in the tank can be flushed
  • the infrared sensor energizes the coil for only one exactly defined length of time and therefore for only one defined volume of water. Therefrom results a relatively large consumption of water.
  • the automatic flushing device for a flush toilet in the present invention prevents this large consumption of water by the features of the characterising part of the claim and comprises a water tank, a case for fixing a coil in the water tank and under a tank lid, a round iron block set inside the coil, and a shaft tube connected at its upper end with a round block at the lower end with a rhonboidal ball, an infrared sensor, and an electronic circuit as the main components.
  • the water tank has a rubber gasket placed on its upper edge and then a tank lid covers the tank.
  • Four hangers having a threaded hole hang inwardly on the upper edge of the tank for supporting the case for fixing a coil in the tank.
  • the case for fixing the coil is shaped rectangular, having two threaded holes in both length-with opposite side walls for two pairs of threaded rods to screw through to screw with a female-threaded tube placed between each pair of the opposite holes in the side walls.
  • the two female-threaded tubes respectively have an opposite-direction thread at the right and the left section such that rotation of the female-threaded tubes can make two pairs of the two threaded rods screw in or out.
  • those threaded rods have their outer end screw with holes in the four hangers so that the case can be supported firmly in its place by the four threaded rods and the four hangers.
  • the case is also provided with a cylindrical base in its interior for fixing the coil therein, a spring and the round iron block inside the coil.
  • the round block placed under the spring has a threaded rod extending through a hole in the bottom wall of the case, possible to move up magnetically when the coil is energized by the electronic circuit.
  • the spring urges the bottom surface of a cap covering the case and thus can be shrink up when the round block is pulled up by the coil while energized and can push elastically down the round block when coil is de-energized.
  • the shaft tube has at the upper end a female thread to screw with the bottom end of the threaded rod of the round block and at the bottom end a male thread to screw with a rhonboidal ball normally blocking an outlet of the tank. Therefore, the rhonboidal ball can be moved up together with the round block, leaving the outlet, through which the water in the tank can be flushed in the toilet, when the coil is energized.
  • the infrared sensor can sense if a person uses the toilet and the electronic circuit can count the period of time it is used and judging according to three periods of time, less than 10 seconds, 10-120 seconds, and more than 120 seconds, to energize the coil 24 respectively for 1 - 2 seconds or 3 - 5 seconds or 5 - 10 seconds to pull up the rhonboidal ball, and thus to flush water for the same length of time.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the automatic flushing device for a flush toilet in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an elevational view of the automatic flushing device for a flush toilet in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the electronic circuit for controlling the automatic flushing device in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a first actional view of the automatic flushing device in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a second actional view of the automatic flushing device in the present invention.
  • a tank 1 combined with this automatic flushing device has the same structure as a conventional tank for storing water and a float in controlling the level of the water therein.
  • the automatic flushing device in accordance with the present invention is to be described as follows.
  • the automatic flushing device comprises a rubber gasket 12 on the circumferential edge of the tank 1 to enable a tank lid 11 to cover tightly the tank 1.
  • Four hangers 16 are hooked on the upper edge of the tank 1, having a threaded hole 161 for a threaded rod 23 to horizontally screw with so that a case 2 can be supported at its place firmly by the four rods 23 in the upper interior of the tank 1 under the tank lid 11.
  • the case 2 has two opposite threaded holes 21 in both the lengthwise side walls and two female-threaded tubes 22 having an opposite-direction female thread at the right and the left section are respectively placed between the two opposite threaded holes 21 and screwed with the four threaded rods 23 at the same time by rotating the two tubes 22, and the four rods 23 can screwingly advance in or retreat out of the said tubes 22 by the rotation of said tubes 22.
  • a rectangular rubber gasket 26 is fixed on the upper circumferential edge of the case 2 to tighten connection of the case 2 with the bottom surface of the tank lid 11.
  • the case 2 is provided with a cylindrical base 27 in its interior, and the cylindrical base 27 has a round hole 28 in its bottom wall and a cap 29 covering its top by screwing.
  • a coil 24, a spring 25 and a round iron block 31 are placed in the cylindrical base 27, and the spring 25 is confined inside the coil 24 under the cap and on the round block elastically urging the cap 29.
  • the round block 31 has its bottom welded with a threaded rod 32 passing through the round hole 28 downward and screwing with a shaft tube 3 having its bottom end screwed with a rhonboidal ball 35, which conforms to an outlet 4 and thereby functions to stop or let out the water in the tank 1.
  • the shaft tube 3 can move up and down with the round block 31, limited by a position round hole 41 it passes through, having a hollow interior and sidewise holes 34 at its upper section, through which the water in the tank 1 can flow down to the outlet 4 when the tank 1 is full of water too much. Thus the water can never overflow the upper edge of the tank 1.
  • the shaft tube 3 is also provided with at its lower section an ear hole 36 tied with one end of a string having its other end tied with a lever 14 connected with a push handle 13 fixed at the outside wall fo the tank 1 so that the push handle 13 can be manually operated to flush the water, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • An electronic circuit for controlling the automatic flushing device is shown in a diagram in Fig. 3, kept in a control box 5 and connected with the coil 4 so as to control the length of time for pulling up the round block 31 together with the shaft tube 3 and thus adjusting the volume of the water to be flushed in three stages.
  • the function of the electronic circuit is to be described as follows:
  • the coil 24 cannot be energized unless a person comes near the toilet more than 10 seconds.
  • the water is to be flushed 1 - 2 seconds in case of using the toilet more than 10 seconds, to be flushed for 3 - 5 seconds in case of 11 - 120 seconds of using the toilet, and to be flushed for 5 - 10 seconds in case of more than 120 seconds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)

Abstract

An automatic flushing device for a flush toilet comprising an infrared sensor (231) and an electronic circuit connected with the infrared sensor (231), which is possible to sense the length of time the toilet has been used and to actuate the electronic circuit to energize a coil (24) to move magnetically up a round block (31) connected with a rhonboidal (3 ball (35) normally blocking an outlet (4) of a tank for three different lengths of time and accordingly for flushing water in three different volumes out of the outlet (4) <IMAGE>

Description

  • Conventional flush toilets commonly require manual pushing of the flash handle for flushing away waste each time they are used. Should it be neglected to be flushed, the next person may feel unpleasant to use it.
  • From US-A 4.141.091 there is known an automatic flushing device for a flush toilet comprising a tank with a tank lid, a cylindrical base being provided for containing a coil, a round iron block being provided in the coil, a connecting means being provided for connecting said round block together with a rhonboidal ball, an ear hole protruding sidewise at the lower section of the connecting means for tying with a push handle fixed at the outer side of the tank for manually pushing the handle to actuate the connecting means to move up so that the rhonboidal ball can also be moved up to leave and outlet in the bottom of the tank, and a control box containing an infrared sensor and an electronic circuit, said infrared sensor connected with the electronic circuit connected with the coil in the cylindrical base, said infrared sensor sensing the presence of a user of the toilet and energizing the coil by the electronic circuit to move up the round block and according the connecting means together with the rhonboidal ball so that the water in the tank can be flushed out of the outlet that the rhonboidal ball normally blocks.
  • In this known device the infrared sensor energizes the coil for only one exactly defined length of time and therefore for only one defined volume of water. Therefrom results a relatively large consumption of water.
  • The automatic flushing device for a flush toilet in the present invention prevents this large consumption of water by the features of the caracterising part of the claim and comprises a water tank, a case for fixing a coil in the water tank and under a tank lid, a round iron block set inside the coil, and a shaft tube connected at its upper end with a round block at the lower end with a rhonboidal ball, an infrared sensor, and an electronic circuit as the main components.
  • The water tank has a rubber gasket placed on its upper edge and then a tank lid covers the tank. Four hangers having a threaded hole hang inwardly on the upper edge of the tank for supporting the case for fixing a coil in the tank.
  • The case for fixing the coil is shaped rectangular, having two threaded holes in both length-with opposite side walls for two pairs of threaded rods to screw through to screw with a female-threaded tube placed between each pair of the opposite holes in the side walls. The two female-threaded tubes respectively have an opposite-direction thread at the right and the left section such that rotation of the female-threaded tubes can make two pairs of the two threaded rods screw in or out. And those threaded rods have their outer end screw with holes in the four hangers so that the case can be supported firmly in its place by the four threaded rods and the four hangers.
  • The case is also provided with a cylindrical base in its interior for fixing the coil therein, a spring and the round iron block inside the coil. The round block placed under the spring has a threaded rod extending through a hole in the bottom wall of the case, possible to move up magnetically when the coil is energized by the electronic circuit. The spring urges the bottom surface of a cap covering the case and thus can be shrink up when the round block is pulled up by the coil while energized and can push elastically down the round block when coil is de-energized.
  • The shaft tube has at the upper end a female thread to screw with the bottom end of the threaded rod of the round block and at the bottom end a male thread to screw with a rhonboidal ball normally blocking an outlet of the tank. Therefore, the rhonboidal ball can be moved up together with the round block, leaving the outlet, through which the water in the tank can be flushed in the toilet, when the coil is energized.
  • The infrared sensor can sense if a person uses the toilet and the electronic circuit can count the period of time it is used and judging according to three periods of time, less than 10 seconds, 10-120 seconds, and more than 120 seconds, to energize the coil 24 respectively for 1 - 2 seconds or 3 - 5 seconds or 5 - 10 seconds to pull up the rhonboidal ball, and thus to flush water for the same length of time.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the automatic flushing device for a flush toilet in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an elevational view of the automatic flushing device for a flush toilet in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the electronic circuit for controlling the automatic flushing device in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a first actional view of the automatic flushing device in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a second actional view of the automatic flushing device in the present invention.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • First, as shown in Figure 1, a tank 1 combined with this automatic flushing device has the same structure as a conventional tank for storing water and a float in controlling the level of the water therein. Thus it is not described further, while the automatic flushing device in accordance with the present invention is to be described as follows.
  • The automatic flushing device comprises a rubber gasket 12 on the circumferential edge of the tank 1 to enable a tank lid 11 to cover tightly the tank 1. Four hangers 16 are hooked on the upper edge of the tank 1, having a threaded hole 161 for a threaded rod 23 to horizontally screw with so that a case 2 can be supported at its place firmly by the four rods 23 in the upper interior of the tank 1 under the tank lid 11. The case 2 has two opposite threaded holes 21 in both the lengthwise side walls and two female-threaded tubes 22 having an opposite-direction female thread at the right and the left section are respectively placed between the two opposite threaded holes 21 and screwed with the four threaded rods 23 at the same time by rotating the two tubes 22, and the four rods 23 can screwingly advance in or retreat out of the said tubes 22 by the rotation of said tubes 22.
  • A rectangular rubber gasket 26 is fixed on the upper circumferential edge of the case 2 to tighten connection of the case 2 with the bottom surface of the tank lid 11. The case 2 is provided with a cylindrical base 27 in its interior, and the cylindrical base 27 has a round hole 28 in its bottom wall and a cap 29 covering its top by screwing. A coil 24, a spring 25 and a round iron block 31 are placed in the cylindrical base 27, and the spring 25 is confined inside the coil 24 under the cap and on the round block elastically urging the cap 29. The round block 31 has its bottom welded with a threaded rod 32 passing through the round hole 28 downward and screwing with a shaft tube 3 having its bottom end screwed with a rhonboidal ball 35, which conforms to an outlet 4 and thereby functions to stop or let out the water in the tank 1.
  • The shaft tube 3 can move up and down with the round block 31, limited by a position round hole 41 it passes through, having a hollow interior and sidewise holes 34 at its upper section, through which the water in the tank 1 can flow down to the outlet 4 when the tank 1 is full of water too much. Thus the water can never overflow the upper edge of the tank 1. The shaft tube 3 is also provided with at its lower section an ear hole 36 tied with one end of a string having its other end tied with a lever 14 connected with a push handle 13 fixed at the outside wall fo the tank 1 so that the push handle 13 can be manually operated to flush the water, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • An electronic circuit for controlling the automatic flushing device is shown in a diagram in Fig. 3, kept in a control box 5 and connected with the coil 4 so as to control the length of time for pulling up the round block 31 together with the shaft tube 3 and thus adjusting the volume of the water to be flushed in three stages. Now, the function of the electronic circuit is to be described as follows:
    • 1. When a person comes and stands near the toilet less than 10 seconds without using it,
         an infrared sensor 231 senses the person standing near the toilet, generating a signal to close a contact point to actuate a timer IC U1 to check the period of time of the presence of the person. If it does not exceed the preset time, 10 seconds, a timer IC U1 does not generate a signal to energize the coil 24.
    • 2. When a person uses the toilet 10 - 120 seconds, probably only for urination,
         the timer IC U1 checks the length of time of the user's presence, and generates a signal after 10 seconds to actuate an OR Gate U9 and a timer IC U2, which generates a signal to an OR Gate U10 to energize the coil 24. The length of time to actuate U2 is preset to be 1 - 2 seconds and the coil 24 is accordingly is to be energized for 1 - 2 seconds to actuate the flush device to flush only a little water in the toilet to moisten it. A timer IC U3 also starts checking the time synchronously with the timer IC U1, having its actional time preset for 120 seconds. Therefore, if the user leaves the toilet before 120 seconds, the timer IC U3 gives a signal to a NAND Gate U14 and a timer IC U4 orderly, which actuates the coil 24 through OR Gates U11 and U10 for 3 - 5 seconds, as the same length of time the timer IC U4 has for its preset action time. Thus the water is to be flushed in the toilet for the same length of time, 3 - 5 seconds.
    • 3. When a person uses the toilet more than 120 seconds, probably relieving himself,
         the coil 24 is to be energized for 1 - 2 seconds after 10 seconds pass, as described in paragraph 1 and 2. Then an OR Gate U13, a NAND Gate 8, and an OR Gate U12 orderly receives a signal to actuate a timer IC U7, which is to function for 5 - 10 seconds, the preset length of time, to energize the coil 24 for 5 - 10 seconds via OR Gates U11 and U10 and thus flushing a large volume of water in the toilet for the same length of time.
  • In general, the coil 24 cannot be energized unless a person comes near the toilet more than 10 seconds. The water is to be flushed 1 - 2 seconds in case of using the toilet more than 10 seconds, to be flushed for 3 - 5 seconds in case of 11 - 120 seconds of using the toilet, and to be flushed for 5 - 10 seconds in case of more than 120 seconds.

Claims (1)

  1. An automatic flushing device for a flush toilet comprising a tank (1) with a tank lid (11), a cylindrical base (27) being provided for containing a coil (24), a spring (25) and a round iron block (31) in the coil (24), a connection means for connecting said round block (31) together with a rhonboidal ball (35), wherein an ear hole (36) protruding sidewise at the lower section of said connection means for tying with a push handle (13) fixed at the outer side of the tank (1) for manually pushing the handle (13) to actuate the connecting means to move up so that the rhonboidal ball (35) can also be moved up to leave an outlet (4) in the bottom of the tank (1), and a control box (5) containing an infrared sensor (231) and an electronic circuit, said infrared sensor (231) connected with the electronic circuit connected with the coil (24) in the cylindrical base (27), said infrared sensor (231) sensing the presence of a user of the toilet and energizing the coil (24) by the electronic circuit to move up the round block (31) and accordingly the connecting means together with the rhonboidal ball (35) so that the water in the tank (1) can be flushed out of the outlet (4) that the rhoinboidal ball (35) normally blocks, characterized by said tank (1) being provided with a rubber gasket (12) placed on its upper circumferential edge for supporting the tank lid (11) and keeping the tank (1) and the tank lid (11) firmly combined together, and with four hangers (16) being hung on the upper edge of the tank (1) and having a threaded hole (161) for screwing horizontally with a threaded rod (23) also screwing with a threaded hole (21) in a case (2) to support the case (2) in the interior of the tank (1) under the tank lid (11), the case (2) of a rectangular shape being placed in the upper interior of the tank (1) and under the tank lid (11) and having two opposite threaded holes (21) in both the lengthwise opposite side walls for the threaded rods (23) to screw through and to screw with two female-threaded tubes (22) to be positioned between two opposite threaded holes (21) in the side walls, said two female-threaded tubes (22) having an opposite-direction female thread at the right and the left section so that rotation of said female-threaded tubes (22) can make two pairs of the threaded rods (23) to screw inward or outward, and said two pairs of threaded rods (23) being screwed in the threaded holes (21) in the four hangers (16) so that the case (2) is kept firmly in its place, a rubber gasket (26) being placed on the upper edge of the case (2) for touching and supporting the bottom surface of the tank lid (11), said cylindrical base (27) being provided in the interior of the case (2), wherein a spring (25) is provided inside the coil (24) and under a cap (29) covering the case (2), and wherein said round iron block (31) being provided under the spring (25), the round block (31) having a threaded rod (32) passing through a hole (28) in the bottom wall of the case (2), said connecting means comprising a shaft tube (3) having at its upper end a female thread to screw with the lower end of the threaded rod (32) of the round block (31) in the cylindrical base (27), at the bottom end a male thread (33) to screw with said rhonboidal ball (35), at the upper section several sidewise holes (34) communicating with the hollow interior, wherein said ear hole (36) being provided for tying a string (15) with a said push handle (13) for actuating said shaft tube (3), said control box (5) being placed up above the tank (1), said infrared sensor (231) actuating the electronic circuit to check the length of the time the toilet has been used and judging according to three different lengthes of time to energize the coil (24) for one of three different lengthes of time in accordance with the length of time checked so that the water in the tank (1) can be flushed out of the outlet (4) in three different volumes of water.
EP91100179A 1990-04-25 1991-01-08 An automatic flushing device for a flush toilet Expired - Lifetime EP0453702B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91100179T ATE83819T1 (en) 1990-04-25 1991-01-08 AUTOMATIC FLUSHING DEVICE FOR A FLUSHING TOILET.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002015417A CA2015417C (en) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Automatic flushing device for a flush toilet
CA2015417 1990-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0453702A1 EP0453702A1 (en) 1991-10-30
EP0453702B1 true EP0453702B1 (en) 1992-12-23

Family

ID=4144831

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91100179A Expired - Lifetime EP0453702B1 (en) 1990-04-25 1991-01-08 An automatic flushing device for a flush toilet

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0453702B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE83819T1 (en)
AU (1) AU620749B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2015417C (en)
DE (1) DE69100015T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2036905T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3006665T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE138142T1 (en) * 1992-07-15 1996-06-15 Colin Victor Mcleod ELECTRICALLY OPERATED TOILET FLUSH VALVE
FR2770547B1 (en) 1997-11-03 2000-02-11 Wirquin Plastiques Sa DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED SANITARY WATER FLUSHING FOR SPILLING VARIABLE QUANTITIES OF WATER
NO314638B1 (en) * 1998-12-17 2003-04-22 Ido Bathroom Ltd Device for contactless toilet flushing
US6226807B1 (en) 1999-06-04 2001-05-08 Mag Aerospace Industries, Inc. System and method for a reduced water consumption vacuum toilet
US7032256B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2006-04-25 Waterbury Companies, Inc. Tank toilet with autoflusher
USD556874S1 (en) 2006-09-26 2007-12-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Toilet flush handle attachment
FR2986248B1 (en) * 2012-01-26 2014-12-19 Wirquin Plastiques Sa MOTORIZED WATER HUNT CONTROL DEVICE WITH EMERGENCY PUSH BUTTON
CN105220745B (en) * 2014-06-11 2019-03-22 象山一居乐电子有限公司 Electric drainage valve of closestool
US11091903B2 (en) 2016-07-07 2021-08-17 As America, Inc. Systems to automate adjustment of water volume release to a toilet bowl to correspond to bowl contents, toilets including the system and related methods

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US3908204A (en) * 1974-09-06 1975-09-30 Charles L Hopkins Electronic water closet controller
GB1509600A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-05-04 Yee Kyar Un Electromagnetic flush control apparatus for a flush toile
US4141091A (en) * 1976-12-10 1979-02-27 Pulvari Charles F Automated flush system
JPS62156446A (en) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-11 東陶機器株式会社 Water supply control apparatus
KR930001721B1 (en) * 1988-03-02 1993-03-12 도또기끼 가부시끼가이샤 Toilet bowl cleaning device
US4793588A (en) * 1988-04-19 1988-12-27 Coyne & Delany Co. Flush valve with an electronic sensor and solenoid valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2036905T3 (en) 1993-06-01
EP0453702A1 (en) 1991-10-30
ATE83819T1 (en) 1993-01-15
DE69100015T2 (en) 1993-04-22
AU620749B2 (en) 1992-02-20
CA2015417A1 (en) 1991-10-25
GR3006665T3 (en) 1993-06-30
CA2015417C (en) 1996-06-25
AU6867991A (en) 1991-11-07
DE69100015D1 (en) 1993-02-04

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