EP0575685B1 - Moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure - Google Patents

Moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0575685B1
EP0575685B1 EP92810477A EP92810477A EP0575685B1 EP 0575685 B1 EP0575685 B1 EP 0575685B1 EP 92810477 A EP92810477 A EP 92810477A EP 92810477 A EP92810477 A EP 92810477A EP 0575685 B1 EP0575685 B1 EP 0575685B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
casting according
casting
intercalated
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92810477A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0575685A1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Staub
John Antony Dr. Peters
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer Markets and Technology AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer Innotec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Innotec AG filed Critical Sulzer Innotec AG
Priority to EP92810477A priority Critical patent/EP0575685B1/fr
Priority to AT92810477T priority patent/ATE147669T1/de
Priority to DE59207902T priority patent/DE59207902D1/de
Priority to JP5149583A priority patent/JPH06170514A/ja
Publication of EP0575685A1 publication Critical patent/EP0575685A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0575685B1 publication Critical patent/EP0575685B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/20—Specially-shaped blade tips to seal space between tips and stator
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0054—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product rotors, stators for electrical motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an investment casting with wear surfaces
  • first phase being formed by a base material and a second phase — in a special spatial arrangement — being embedded in the first phase.
  • the base material is often metallic (pure metal or alloy) and the inclusions are made of ceramic material.
  • dispersion alloys dispersion-hardened materials
  • the first phase serves as a binder for the ceramic particles of the second phase, which, in terms of volume, makes up the main part of the composite.
  • Cermets are manufactured using powder metallurgy. They are suitable as wear-resistant materials.
  • Document EP-A-0365978 discloses an investment casting process, the product of which is a composite body which is composed of a metal matrix and a reinforcing material.
  • Document DE-A-4107416 discloses a casting process, the product of which has wear-protected parts. A multi-part mold is used in this process. The wear protection is made by means of carrier cores. These consist of a skin of hard particles that are held together with a binder. The binder is gasified or burned during the casting by the heat supplied by the hot melt.
  • the ceramic reinforcement of the cast must be provided in the webs, in the area that is worn away by the wear processes.
  • the ceramic inclusions have a macroscopic character in the castings according to the invention.
  • the casting according to the invention is carried out by means of an investment casting process in which meltable or burnable models are used for the production of the molded shell.
  • meltable or burnable models are used for the production of the molded shell.
  • wax is used for the unreinforced parts of the casting wax with advantage for the model.
  • the porous ceramic bodies intended for reinforcement are integrated into the cast model, the pore spaces of the ceramic bodies being filled beforehand with wax - or instead of wax with a plastic that evaporates without residue when the molded shell is fired.
  • the porous ceramic body which has a completely communicating pore space and whose ceramic structure forms a three-dimensional network, can be produced in various ways. Three examples of these manufacturing processes are described below.
  • the following ceramic structures result from these processes: 1. a pile of granular particles; 2. a ceramic structure made up of rib-like and sintered grain-like particles; 3. A ceramic structure with an open-cell foam structure.
  • the base material used is advantageously a stainless steel, as is customary when casting such plates (ASTM CB-30 or X 35 CrMo 17).
  • Nickel-based or cobalt-based alloys can also be used.
  • the ceramic material must be inert to the melt.
  • aluminum oxide (corundum), zirconium oxide or magnesium oxide can be used; Silicon carbide, on the other hand, is unsuitable because this substance reacts with the melt.
  • a refiner plate 1 with webs 10 is shown in detail in FIG.
  • the web surface 15 (the grinding surface) is subjected to wear during the grinding of the fibrous material.
  • the wear areas of the webs 10 consist of a steel / ceramic composite 20, in which a porous ceramic body 2 is embedded in cast steel.
  • the base body 11 of the refiner plate 1 and the web base areas have no embedded ceramic; this maintains the high toughness of the cast material in the web roots, where large bending moments occur during milling.
  • the cross-sectional drawing in FIG. 2 shows part of the molded shell 30 (including a cast model with a base body 11 'and a wax-filled ceramic body 20').
  • the casting is advantageously carried out in the position shown in order to obtain a good filling of the pore space of the ceramic body 2 by the melt.
  • a ventilation duct 12 see FIG. 3, is provided below the webs 10, the air displacement from the pore spaces improves.
  • the poured channel 12 is, of course, removed when the casting is reworked.
  • the molding shell 30 is heated before casting to at least a temperature customary for precision casting (around 1150 ° C.).
  • the melt whose liquidus temperature is between around 1300 and 1400 ° C, is overheated. As experience has shown, the pore spaces of the ceramic bodies 2 fill completely thanks to the overheating before the solidification of the melt occurs.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 relate to the production of a first porous ceramic body 2
  • Ceramic grains 21 for example corundum, diameter between 0.8 and 1.2 mm
  • a pile 2 'with a pore space 22 is formed.
  • This pore space 22 is filled with a free-flowing binder (eg silicate binder) and then emptied again via the outlet 32, bridges 21a of the binder material being formed between the grains.
  • a coherent ceramic body 2 is obtained, which can be removed from the trough 31 and solidified by firing.
  • the ceramic body 2 is filled with wax and built into the casting model for the production of the molded shell 30.
  • the wax is removed from the surface 23 of the ceramic body 2, so that a direct connection between the grains 21 and the molded shell 30 is created. After the wax 35 has melted out, there is a connection between the ceramic body 2 and the molded shell 30.
  • a surface 23 is formed with the metallic phase 35 filling the pore space 22, from which tips of the grains 21 emerge.
  • a second porous ceramic body 2 is produced by means of an open-cell foam structure 50 made of plastic, see FIG. 7.
  • the two net layers are connected to one another by invisible rungs.
  • the average distance between adjacent ones Mesh layers can be equated with the average cell diameter, the cell diameter is in the range of around 1 to 5 mm 50 applied.
  • the diving and subsequent sanding must be carried out several times - for example three times.
  • the resulting rib-like agglomerate of ceramic grains is sintered together by firing, the plastic of the original foam structure 50 evaporating at the same time.
  • this ceramic body 2 is again shown as in FIG. 7 with two net layers 25 and 25 '(on an enlarged scale), the ceramic grains being drawn only for the upper net layer 25, however somewhat too large.
  • the third ceramic body 2 shown in FIG. 9 consists of a commercially available ceramic structure, which is used, for example, as a filter for molten metal.
  • the production of this ceramic framework with an open-cell foam structure is known for example from CH-PS 679394.
  • FIG. 9 shows a section through the walls of the ceramic foam structure 26. Thanks to openings 27 in the walls, the cells form a completely communicating pore space 22.
  • FIG. 10 shows the ceramic structure 26 of FIG. 9, the pore space of which is filled with the metallic phase 28 (or with wax or plastic) and forms the composite body 20.
  • the metallic phase 28 is washed out on the web surfaces, as indicated in FIG. 11.
  • the relief-like surface structure probably has an improved fibrillating effect when the pulp is ground.
  • FIG. 12 shows a turbine blade tip 100 with armor 102, which is designed as a casting according to the invention.
  • the Armor 102 is formed by a casting zone with embedded ceramic, while the main part 101 of the blade is an unreinforced casting (for example the product of a method with directional solidification).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Pièce de moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure (15), prévues pour subir des processus abrasifs, dans la zone (20) desquelles des corps céramiques (2) poreux sont intégrés, à la façon d'un composite, en une phase métallique (28, 35), chaque corps céramique présentant une structure (24) ayant la forme d'un réseau tridimensionnel cohérent avec un espace de pore (22) comprenant des cellules communicantes ayant des diamètres situés dans la plage allant d'environ 1 à 5 mm, et le matériau céramique formant, dans la zone des surfaces d'usure, des surfaces partielles exposées.
  2. Pièce moulée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le matériau céramique forme, au moins sur les surfaces d'usure, des bosses se projetant depuis la surface constituée par la phase métallique.
  3. Pièce moulée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la structure céramique d'au moins l'un des corps céramiques (2) poreux constitue une ossature céramique (26) ayant une structure alvéolaire à cellules ouvertes.
  4. Pièce moulée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la structure céramique d'au moins l'un des corps céramiques (2) poreux se présente sous la forme d'une masse à orientation aléatoire constituée de particules (21) granulaires reliées ensemble, dont le diamètre est d'environ 1 mm.
  5. Pièce moulée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la structure céramique (25, 25') est constituée d'au moins l'un des corps céramiques (2) poreux, formé à partir des particules granulaires disposées en ossature et frittées ensemble, particules dont le diamètre est d'environ 0,1 mm.
  6. Pièce moulée selon la revendication 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la phase céramique (26) est constituée essentiellement de corindon, oxyde de zirconium ou oxyde de magnésium et la phase métallique (28, 35) est constituée d'acier, d'un alliage à base de nickel ou à base de cobalt.
  7. Plaque de raffineur (1) pour la fabrication du papier, constituée par une pièce moulée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que des surfaces de mouture (15) sont constituées par des nervures (10), et en ce que les nervures sont renforcées dans la zone (20) des surfaces de mouture dans laquelle de la céramique (2) est intégrée.
  8. Aube de turbine (100) comportant une pointe de turbine blindée, constituée par une pièce moulée selon l'une des revendication 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'un blindage d'usure (102) est constitué sur la pointe d'aube, par une zone moulée comportant de la céramique intégrée.
EP92810477A 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure Expired - Lifetime EP0575685B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92810477A EP0575685B1 (fr) 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure
AT92810477T ATE147669T1 (de) 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Feinguss mit verschleissflächen
DE59207902T DE59207902D1 (de) 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Feinguss mit Verschleissflächen
JP5149583A JPH06170514A (ja) 1992-06-23 1993-06-21 セラミック挿入型複合構造を有する鋳物

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92810477A EP0575685B1 (fr) 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0575685A1 EP0575685A1 (fr) 1993-12-29
EP0575685B1 true EP0575685B1 (fr) 1997-01-15

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Family Applications (1)

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EP92810477A Expired - Lifetime EP0575685B1 (fr) 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Moulage de précision ayant des surfaces d'usure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0575685B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06170514A (fr)
AT (1) ATE147669T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59207902D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE10323720A1 (de) * 2003-05-24 2004-12-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstücks aus einem Verbundmaterial

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AT401132B (de) * 1994-03-30 1996-06-25 Electrovac Formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0838288A1 (fr) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-29 Hubert Francois Pièce d'usure composite
US6399176B1 (en) * 1996-10-01 2002-06-04 Magotteaux International S.A. Composite wear component
DE19800594A1 (de) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-15 Gut Gieserei Umwelt Technik Gm Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils mit teilflüssigen Werkstoffen
EP0935009B1 (fr) * 1998-02-05 2002-04-10 Sulzer Markets and Technology AG Corps moulé revêtu d'une couche
ES2190881B1 (es) * 2001-09-17 2004-09-16 Fundacion Inasmet Piezas para molienda de aridos compuestas de una matriz metalica con inserto interno de material ceramico.
KR100860249B1 (ko) 2001-12-04 2008-09-25 마고또 앵떼르나씨오날 에스.에이. 개선된 내마모성을 갖는 주조 부품 및 그 제조 방법
JP2004317243A (ja) 2003-04-15 2004-11-11 Mitsutoyo Corp 測定機
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US9194243B2 (en) * 2009-07-17 2015-11-24 Rolls-Royce Corporation Substrate features for mitigating stress
EP2309098A1 (fr) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Profil et aube directrice, aube rotorique, turbine à gaz et turbomachine associées
US9713912B2 (en) 2010-01-11 2017-07-25 Rolls-Royce Corporation Features for mitigating thermal or mechanical stress on an environmental barrier coating
IT1401763B1 (it) * 2010-07-09 2013-08-02 Far Fonderie Acciaierie Roiale S P A Procedimento per la produzione di un elemento soggetto ad usura, elemento soggetto ad usura e struttura di aggregazione temporanea per la realizzazione di tale elemento soggetto ad usura
IT1401621B1 (it) * 2010-07-09 2013-07-26 Far Fonderie Acciaierie Roiale S P A Procedimento per la produzione di un elemento soggetto ad usura, elemento soggetto ad usura e struttura di aggregazione temporanea per la realizzazione di tale elemento soggetto ad usura
WO2014144152A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Rolls-Royce Corporation Interface de revêtement améliorée
US20160158964A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-06-09 United Technologies Corporation Ceramic-encapsulated thermopolymer pattern or support with metallic plating
CA2917884A1 (fr) 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 United Technologies Corporation Ventilateur en polymere plaque
WO2015017095A2 (fr) 2013-07-09 2015-02-05 United Technologies Corporation Coiffe polymère plaquée
US10227704B2 (en) 2013-07-09 2019-03-12 United Technologies Corporation High-modulus coating for local stiffening of airfoil trailing edges
US10927843B2 (en) 2013-07-09 2021-02-23 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Plated polymer compressor
WO2015006487A1 (fr) 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 United Technologies Corporation Protection contre l'érosion et l'usure pour composites et polymères plaqués
WO2015006421A1 (fr) 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 United Technologies Corporation Article polymère sous encapsulation métallique
WO2015015507A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Balaji Industrial Products Ltd., Cylindre de broyage pour broyeur à cylindres vertical et son procédé de fabrication
BE1021335B1 (fr) 2014-07-16 2015-11-03 Magotteaux International S.A. Grains ceramiques et procede pour leur production.
GB201419412D0 (en) 2014-10-31 2014-12-17 Rolls Royce Plc Rotary device
DE102017212922B4 (de) * 2017-07-27 2023-06-29 Thyssenkrupp Ag Brecher mit einem Verschleißelement und ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verschleißelements eines Brechers
CN108941517B (zh) * 2018-07-19 2021-09-17 柳州市创科复合金属陶瓷制品有限公司 一种炉口的制备方法
WO2020032964A1 (fr) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-13 Siemens Energy, Inc. Fabrication additive par friction-malaxage et réparation de composants de turbine
DE102019006457A1 (de) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 SAUKE.SEMRAU GmbH Verbundwerkstoff aus Metall und Keramik und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP3915684A1 (fr) 2020-05-29 2021-12-01 Magotteaux International SA Pièce d'usure composite
CN115518736A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-12-27 华能海南发电股份有限公司东方电厂 一种金属陶瓷的磨辊辊套和磨盘衬板及铸造方法
CN115592097A (zh) * 2022-10-14 2023-01-13 湖北秦鸿新材料股份有限公司（Cn） 转底炉用金属复合陶瓷叶片的制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0575685A1 (fr) 1993-12-29
ATE147669T1 (de) 1997-02-15
JPH06170514A (ja) 1994-06-21
DE59207902D1 (de) 1997-02-27

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