Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
  • C09K23/52—Natural or synthetic resins or their salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
  • C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
  • C08G65/331—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C08G65/332—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
  • B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds

Definitions

• the present invention relates to water-soluble, air-drying resins and a process for making the same.
• the present invention further relates to the use of said resins as dispersing agents and as agents for use in wood preservation applications.
• water-soluble resins that can be used as dispersants are described in Paint Flow and Pigment Dispersion, by T.C. Patton (pp. 290-296, 1979).
• Known dispersants such as for example polyphosphates, isobutylene maleic acid copolymer-sodium salt and polyacrylates cannot b sufficiently mixed with binders like alkyd resin dispersions in order to obtain paints with good gloss properties.
• the known resins used as dispersants have to be combined with compounds that are undesirable for environmental and medical reasons, such as, for example, amines or organic solvents.
• Water-soluble resins which can be used as dispersants are also known from W091/06586. This publication describes a resin which is substantially built up from units of:
• A a polyethylene glycol with ethylene oxide units
• the water-soluble and air-drying resin according the present invention is characterized in that the resin comprises substantially units of:
• A a monoether of a polyethylene glycol having 5-100 ethylene oxide units per molecule
• Bl one or more unsaturated fatty acids or one or more polyalcohol(s) esterified with unsaturated fatty acids with B2) an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl compound wherein the molar ratio of A:B being from about 0.2:1 to about 4:1.
• the present invention provides properly processable, air-drying and water-soluble resins which are suitable as dispersants. These resins result in coatings having desired properties such as for example a good gloss. Further important advantage of the resins according to the present invention is that they do not release acrolein whil drying.
• the preferred molar ratio of A:B is about 1:1.
• the reaction product of one or more unsaturated fatty acids or one or more polyalcohol(s) esterified with unsaturated fatty acids is generally indicated as an oil.
• the monoether of polyethylene glycol is for examp an alkyl ether, an aryl ether or an alkylaryl ether.
• the ether is an alkyl ether.
• Monoethers of polyethylene glycol have at one side a hydroxyl group remaining, which can react with the carbonyl compound.
• the alkyl group in the alkyl ether ha between 1 and 18 carbon atoms, and preferably between 1 and carbon atoms.
• the alkyl ether of polyethylene glycol can be for example, methoxy, propoxy or butoxy polyethylene glycol
• suitable alkyl groups include, for example, an octyl- lauryl- (C 12 ) and a cethyl- (C 16 ) group.
• component A is a methoxy polyethylene glycol having 8 to 20 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
• the polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used in a fo in which one or more fragments of polypropylene glycol (PPG) are linked to the PEG.
• PPG polypropylene glycol
• Such a molecule is called a block polymer.
• the PPG/PEG ratio can be set as desired, taking in account the water solubility of the resin.
• 70-95 of the block copolymer will be PEG, and preferably 80-90%.
• the alkyl group is a methyl group, this results in a methox polypropylene glycol/polyethylene glycol block polymer a methoxy polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol block copolymer.
• the polyethylene glycol has 8-20 alkoxide units per molecule. More preferably, the polyethylene glycol has 10-16 alkoxide units per molecule. The number of alkoxide units per molecule is chosen so that the resin is water soluble.
• Suitable unsaturated fatty acids esterified with polyalcohols include, for example, linseed oil, soybean oil, safflower oil, oiticica oil, caraway oil, rapeseed oil, woo oil and fish oil. It is also possible to use diesters and triesters of polyalcohols, such as glycerol, trimethylol propane or pentaerythritol. And as unsaturated fatty acids, tall oil fatty acid and the fatty acids of the above- mentioned unsaturated oils can be used.
• the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl compound is a carboxyl compound, such as, for example, (meth)acrylic acid or cinnamonic acid. More preferably, the compound is a dicarboxylic compound such as for example maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid and mesaconic acid. Most preferably, the ⁇ , ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl compound is an anhydride, such as for example maleic anhydride, itaconic acid anhydri or citraconic anhydride.
• the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl compound is a maleic anhydride.
• component B is the reaction product of linseed oi and/or safflower oil with maleic anhydride.
• a low-viscosity, easily processable, air- drying and water-soluble resin is obtained. If used as a paint dispersant, this resin results in a paint with desirable properties such as for example a good gloss and a good water resistance. The resin results also in good pigme wetting properties with respect to organic and inorganic pigments.
• this resin need not be combined with compounds such as for example amines or organic solvents. In other words, a solvent-free system is obtained.
• Another advantage of the use of the resin as dispersant is the minimis foaming of the dispersant during the preparation of the paint. Consequently little or no ant foaming agents are required.
• the resin can also be solid or waxy, depending upon the molecular weight. When there are 16 or more ethylene oxide units, the resin will be more or less waxy; and
• iodine value of between 50 and 150 g iodine/100 g resin.
• the molecular weights have been determined by mea of GPC (Ultrastyragel, Waters, 100A, 1000A, 10,000A separating capacity M w 200-300,000).
• the viscosity has been determined at 23°C using a rotational viscosimeter (DIN 53019, Bohlin).
• the iodine value has been determined by means of ASTM D 1959-85.
• the polydispersity of the resin is between 1.5 and 3.5, hardly any preferential adsorption of high- molecular weight product takes place.
• the present invention also relates to a process f preparing the resins described above as being substantially made up of components A and B.
• component B is prepare by means of an addition reaction of an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carbonyl compound, preferably maleic anhydride, with an unsaturated vegetable oil (i.e., linseed oil or safflower oil), at a temperature above about 150°C.
• unsaturated vegetable oil i.e., linseed oil or safflower oil
• compoun A is added, and the esterification reaction is carried out.
• the molar ratio of A:B is from about 4:1 to about 1:4 and is preferably about 1:1.
• the resins according to the present invention als include modified resins which are based on the present resi
• the acid groups of the resin can, for example, be modified by neutralizing the remaining acid groups with, for instance, hydroxides, oxides, acetates or salts of metals from Groups IA, IIA, IIB of the Periodic Table.
• Metals from these groups include, among others, Li, Co, V, Zr, Na, K, C Mg and Zn.
• This process can be performed at room temperatur
• This modification can also take place by esterifying the acid groups with a compound chosen from the groups consisting of alkoxy polyethylene glycols, monofunctional C 2 -C 16 epoxy compounds, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxyalkyl sulphonic acids, aminoalkyl sulphonic acids, hydroxyalkyl phosphonic acids or aminoalkyl phosphonic acids at a suitable temperature, for instance 15 180°C.
• Glycidyl (meth)acrylate should preferably be used at a temperature lower than 150°C so as to prevent the acrylate group from reacting.
• a catalyst can optionally be used with the glycidyl (meth)acrylate.
• Suitable catalysts include, for example, triethylamine and N,N-dimethylanaline.
• Suitable examples of hydroxyalkyl sulphonic acids include f example 2-hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid, p-hydroxybenzene sulphonic acid or aminoalkyl sulphonic acids, such as 1- aminobutane sulphonic acid-4 and p-aminobenzene sulphonic acid.
• propylene oxide or butylene oxide can be us as modifying agent.
• the resin according to the present invention can used, for example, as a dispersant, a grinding agent and a wetting agent for pigments in combination with alkyd resins epoxy ester resins and polymer emulsions.
• a suitable pigment pasta contains, for instance, 50-70% wt.% pigment, 3-7% wt.% resin according to the prese invention and 20-45% wt.% water.
• the use of the resin according to the present invention as an air-drying, water-soluble dispersant result in a substantially improved solubility and compatibility with, for instance, alkyd emulsions. In this way, systems with a good gloss are obtained.
• the resin according to the present invention can also be used as a water-soluble and air-drying binder.
• Another possibility of the resin is the use in a water-soluble wood preservative as a vehicle.
• wood preservative When used in wood preservative, it is used instead of so-called Wolman salts against rotting.
• a side effect is that the resin according to the invention has a water repellent effect. Th will enhance the dimensional stability of wood (as measured by its water uptake).
• the resin according to the present invention can also be used as an air-drying plasticizer in, for instance, acrylate dispersions.
• Traditional coalescing agents for acrylate dispersions include, for instance, (ethers of) ethylene and propylene glycols. These compounds, however, evaporate during the drying of a film, which is undesirable for the environment.
• the resin according to the present invention does not possess this disadvantage.
• Another use of the resin according to the present invention is as a drying emulsifier for the preparation of alkyd emulsions and in acrylate dispersions.
• the resin according to the present invention can b mixed with the customary additives for obtaining paint compositions.
• Suitable additives include, for example, pigments, colorants, fillers, thickeners, flow-promoting agents, thixotropic agents, flatting agents, stabilizers and siccatives.
• the present invention is elucidated by means of th following non-restrictive examples.
• T resulting product (component B) was an oil-like, low- viscosity liquid with a total acid number of 115 mg KOH/g sample.
• a pigment paste based on dispersant, titanium dioxide, thickener and demineralized water was prepared in 30 minutes at 3000 rpm, according to Table I below.
• Orotan 73 R dispersant, isobutylene maleic acid copolymer, Na salt
• the drying time was determined by means of a BK drying recorder (BYK-Chemie no. 270, Mickle Laboratory
• Table I demonstrates that the gloss is improved considerably if instead of Borchigen DFN R , the resin according to the present invention is used. Moreover, the other desired properties are preserved when the resin according to the present invention is employed.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1993
  • 1993-02-09 BE BE9300118A patent/BE1007442A3/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1994
  • 1994-01-27 AU AU58925/94A patent/AU5892594A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-01-27 FI FI953763A patent/FI953763A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-01-27 WO PCT/NL1994/000019 patent/WO1994018260A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1994-01-27 EP EP94905252A patent/EP0683802A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1995
  • 1995-08-07 NO NO953086A patent/NO953086D0/no unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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