EP0837923A1 - Procede de preparation de granules tensioactifs de saccharose - Google Patents

Procede de preparation de granules tensioactifs de saccharose

Info

Publication number
EP0837923A1
EP0837923A1 EP96924827A EP96924827A EP0837923A1 EP 0837923 A1 EP0837923 A1 EP 0837923A1 EP 96924827 A EP96924827 A EP 96924827A EP 96924827 A EP96924827 A EP 96924827A EP 0837923 A1 EP0837923 A1 EP 0837923A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyl
granulation
carbon atoms
fatty acid
radical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96924827A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0837923B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Friedrich Kruse
Volker Bauer
Georg Assmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH
Cognis Chemie GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0837923A1 publication Critical patent/EP0837923A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0837923B1 publication Critical patent/EP0837923B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
    • C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/08—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
    • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
    • C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of sugar surfactant granules, in which aqueous sugar surfactant pastes are subjected to granulation in the presence of selected silicon compounds
  • Sugar surfactants such as alkyl oligoglucosides or fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides, are characterized by excellent detergent properties and high ecotoxicological compatibility. For this reason, these classes of nonionic surfactants are becoming increasingly important. If they have hitherto generally been used in liquid formulations, such as dishwashing detergents or hair shampoos, there is now also a market need for solid, water-free forms of supply which can also be incorporated into powder detergents, for example.
  • liquid surfactant preparations are generally dried by conventional spray drying, in which the aqueous surfactant paste is sprayed at the top of a tower in the form of fine droplets to which hot drying gases are directed.
  • this technology is not readily applicable to sugar surfactant pastes because the temperatures required for drying above the caramelization, i.e. Decomposition temperature of the sugar surfactants.
  • charred products are obtained with conventional drying of sugar surfactant pastes.
  • caking occurs on the tower wall, which necessitates time-consuming cleaning.
  • German patent application DE-A1 41 02 745 (Henkel)
  • a method is known in which a small amount of 1 to 5% by weight of alkyl glucosides is added to fatty alcohol pastes and is subjected to conventional spray drying.
  • German patent application DE-A1 41 39 551 proposes to spray pastes of alkyl sulfates and alkyl glucosides, which may, however, contain a maximum of 50% by weight of the sugar surfactant, in the presence of mixtures of soda and zeolites.
  • German patent application DE-A1 40 21 476 discloses the granulation of aqueous alkyl glucoside pastes in a mixer with the addition of soda.
  • the water-containing granules have a surfactant content below 50% by weight and have to be carried out in a second step Fluidized bed to be dried
  • the complex object of the invention was therefore to provide a simple process for the production of sugar surfactant granules which are characterized by a high surfactant content, a high bulk density, easy solubility even in cold water and good color quality and at the same time dust-dry, trickle - Can be ensiled and are stable in storage.
  • the invention relates to a process for the production of sugar surfactant granules with a sugar surfactant content in the range from 30 to 90, preferably 50 to 85 and in particular 70 to 80% by weight, in which aqueous pastes of
  • Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides are known nonionic surfactants which follow the formula (I)
  • R 1 represents an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms
  • G represents a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms
  • p represents numbers from 1 to 10.
  • the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose.
  • the preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides.
  • the index number p in the general formula (I) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), ie the distribution of mono- and oligogiycosides, and stands for a number between 1 and 10.
  • alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with an average degree of oligomerization p of 1.1 to 3.0 used From an application point of view, preference is given to those alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular lies between 1.2 and 1.4
  • the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms.
  • Typical examples are butanol, capronic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as are obtained, for example, from hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or from hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis.
  • the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palm oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyial alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and the technical ge described can be obtained as well. Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hydrogenated Ci2 / i4 coconut alcohol with a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.
  • Fatty acid N-alkyipolyhydroxyalkylamides are nonionic surfactants which follow the formula (II)
  • R 2 CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
  • R 3 for hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups stands.
  • the fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanoiamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
  • a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanoiamine
  • acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
  • the fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are preferably derived from reducing sugars with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose.
  • the preferred fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are therefore fatty acid N-alkyiglucamides as represented by the formula (III):
  • Preferred fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are glucamides of the formula (III) in which R 3 is hydrogen or an alkyl group and R 2 CO is the acyl radical of capric acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid , Stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid or emcasic acid or their technical mixtures are particularly preferred of glucose with methylamine and subsequent acylation with lauric acid or Ci2 / i4 coconut fatty acid or a corresponding derivative can be obtained.
  • the polyhydroxyalkylamides can also be derived from maltose and palatinose.
  • zeolites are to be understood as meaning optionally water-containing alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alumosilicates of the general formula (IV)
  • M 1 stands for an alkali or alkaline earth metal of valence z
  • x for numbers from 1.8 to 12
  • y for numbers from 0 to 8.
  • the zeolites can be of natural or synthetic origin. Typical examples are the naturally occurring minerals clinoptilolite, erionite or chabazite. However, preference is given to synthetic zeolites, for example
  • water glass means amorphous alkali silicates of the formula (V) and / or crystalline alkali silicates of the formula (VI):
  • M 2 is lithium, sodium or potassium
  • m and n1 are integers or fractional numbers greater than 0, n2 is 1 and x2 is 0 or integers from 1 to 20.
  • the amorphous alkali metal silicates are glassy, water-soluble salts of silica which have solidified from the melt flow. Their production is described, for example, in the R ⁇ MPP Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, Vol. 6, p. 5003. In the sense of the process according to the invention, both alkali silicates with a low SiO 2 : M 2 O or m: n ratio (“basic” water glasses) and those with a high m: n ratio (“neutral” or The ratio Si0 2 : M 2 0 is also referred to as the "module" of the silicate. An overview can also be found in Z. Chem. 28, 41 (1988).
  • the crystalline alkali silicates are also known substances. They have a layered structure and are accessible, for example, by sintering alkali water glass or by hydrothermal reactions [glass technology. Ber., 37 194 (1964)]. As crystalline alkali silicates such. B.
  • Makatite Na2Si4 ⁇ 9 - 5 H 2 0
  • Kenyait Na 2 Si22 ⁇ 45 ⁇ 10 H 2 0
  • llerite Na 2 Si 8 0i7 ⁇ 9 H 2 0
  • a particularly simple embodiment of the process according to the invention consists in initially introducing the water-free silicon compound, that is to say the zeolite or the water glass, and with the corresponding amount of the aqueous sugar surfactant paste, which may have a solids content in the range from 30 to 65% by weight mix.
  • Components such as, for example, paddle mixers from Lödige and in particular spray mixers from Schugi, in which the aqueous paste is mechanically torn and dried by the mixing tools, are advantageous for this process. It is also possible to carry out the drying and mixing simultaneously in a fluidized bed dryer.
  • Fluidized bed or SKET granulation is understood to mean granulation with simultaneous drying, which is preferably carried out batchwise or continuously in the fluidized bed.
  • the sugar surfactants can preferably be in the form of aqueous pastes or solutions and the carrier substances can be in the form of aqueous solutions can be introduced simultaneously, in succession or as a mixture of solutions via one or more nozzles (“spraying”).
  • the spraying is carried out on seed crystals, which preferably have the final composition of the compounds and generally result from the fine or very fine grain fraction of previous batches, or continuously form during continuous production. An additional metering of fine grain fractions is possible if necessary.
  • Fluidized bed systems used with preference have base plates with a diameter of 0.4 to 5 m.
  • the SKET granulation is preferably carried out at fluidizing air speeds in the range from 1 to 8 m / s.
  • the granules are discharged from the fluidized bed preferably by means of a size classification of the granules.
  • the classification can take place, for example, by means of a sieve device or by means of an opposed air flow (classifier air) which is regulated in such a way that only particles of a certain particle size are removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed.
  • the inflowing air is usually composed of the heated or unheated air and the heated soil air.
  • the soil air temperature is between 50 and 400, preferably 90 and 350 ° C.
  • a starting mass preferably a zeolite or over-dried water glass or a SKET granulate from an earlier test batch
  • the fluidized bed evaporates the water from the sugar surfactant paste and the carrier substance solution, whereby dried to dried germs are formed, which are coated with further amounts of surfactant and carrier material. be dried and again dried at the same time.
  • the result is a sugar surfactant grain with a surfactant gradient across the grain, which is particularly readily water-soluble. Since the grain is enveloped by the carrier material which has dried at the same time, it is particularly easy to ensilage and at the same time less hygroscopic than a product in which the pure surfactant solution is on a solid carrier has been applied.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out in two embodiments - both in the mixer and in the fluidized bed.
  • the silicon compound i.e. the zeolite or the water glass
  • a sugar surfactant paste which is as highly concentrated as possible, for example 30 to 65% by weight.
  • the sugar surfactant pastes can also be mixed with the silicon compounds to form a “slurry” and then sprayed or granulated together.
  • the use of liquid slurries or solutions of the silicon compounds is therefore particularly suitable.
  • the granulation particularly in the fluidized bed, generally provides a dry grain. This is particularly the case since both zeolites and water glasses have a considerable storage capacity for water and, in the grain, include surfactant particles introduced into the fluidized bed via solutions. This means that even a granulate which has a residual moisture content of up to 20% by weight is completely dry on the outside, since the water is physically bound in the interior of the grain ⁇ preferably, it is necessary to carry out the process at correspondingly high temperatures.
  • the object of the invention is directed to the production of sugar surfactant granules
  • other anionic and / or nonionic surfactants can also be used together with the sugar surfactants.
  • the surfactants can be wholly or partly enclosed in the carrier matrix, which enables the production of highly concentrated detergent compounds with good silage properties.
  • anionic surfactants are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates alcohol ether sulfates, olefin sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether, ⁇ -methyl ester sulfonates, sulfofatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty, Glycerol ether, Hydroxymischethersulfate, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates, mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinates , Mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acy
  • nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid, fatty acid amide, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alk ⁇ oxylated triglycerides, Trier mixer and mixed formals, protein hydrolyzates (particularly wheat-based vegetable Pro ⁇ -products on), polyol, Zuckerester, sorbitan esters, polysorbates and amine oxides. If the nonionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution.
  • the mixing ratio between the sugar surfactants and the other surfactants is largely uncritical and can vary in the range from 10:90 to 90:10. Mixtures of sugar surfactants with fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty acid isethionates, soaps, ether carboxylic acids, monoglyceride sulfates and fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers in a weight ratio of 70:30 to 30:70 and in particular 60:40 to 40:60 are preferred.
  • sugar surfactant granules obtainable by the process according to the invention are free-flowing, do not clump and dissolve easily in cold water. They are therefore suitable, for example, for the production of powder detergents, the granules preferably being added to the tower powders. Examples
  • APG-SKET granules Production of easily soluble APG-SKET granules.
  • a dust-free and non-tacky granulate with a residual water content of 5% by weight was obtained, which had a very homogeneous grain size had size distribution.
  • the characteristics of the process and the product distribution are summarized in Table 1
  • a mixture of a coconut alkyl oligoglucoside (Plantaren® APG 2000, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG) and a tallow alcohol sulfate sodium salt (Sulfopon® T50) in the form of an aqueous 30 or 55% by weight paste and an aqueous, 48% by weight water glass solution with a modulus of 2.4 in the weight ratio of surfactants (APG: TAS 30: 70): water glass 70: 30 was granulated analogously to Example 1 and simultaneously dried. A dust-free and non-sticky granulate became obtained with a residual water content of 7 wt .-%, which had a very homogeneous grain size distribution.
  • Table 3 The characteristics of the process and the product distribution are summarized in Table 3
  • the product Despite the forced entry of 17% by weight of water, the product was dust-dry on the outside and showed no tendency to clump even when stored.
  • the bulk density was extremely high and was 920 g / l. Even after drying in the fluid bed, the bulk density was still 830 g / l.
  • Example 4 Production of an APG / nonionic surfactant / zeolite P granulate in a Lödige mixer.
  • Example 4 was repeated, however, instead of the aqueous alkyl oligoglucoside paste, an anhydrous mixture of the alkyl oligoglucoside and a technical coconut alcohol + 7EO adduct (weight ratio 50:50) was used.
  • Example 4 Production of a glucamide / water glass granulate in a Lödige mixer.
  • Example 4 was repeated using a coconut fatty acid N-methylglucamide and an over-dried layered silicate with a modulus of 2.4. Dry, free-flowing granules with a particle size spectrum suitable for powder detergents (100% ⁇ 1.6 mm , Main fraction between 0.8 and 0.4 mm). Despite the mandatory entry of 15% by weight of water, the product was dust-dry on the outside and showed no tendency to clump even when stored. The bulk density was 900 g / l. Comparative examples V1 and V2
  • Example 1 was repeated, but using soda or sodium chloride as the carrier instead of the water glass. Sticky, non-free-flowing products with a significantly lower bulk density were obtained which did not dissolve without residue in cold water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de granulés tensioactifs de saccharose dont la teneur en tensioactifs de saccharose est comprise entre 30 et 90 % en poids. Selon ce procédé, on soumet des pâtes aqueuses a) d'alkyloligoglucosides et/ou d'alcényloligoglucosides et/ou b) de N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides d'acides gras en présence de zéolithes et/ou de silicate de sodium à une granulation et, éventuellement, simultanément ou consécutivement à un séchage. Les granulés possèdent une forte proportion de tensioactifs et une densité en vrac élevée, sont de couleur claire et secs malgré leur teneur en eau résiduelle. Ils offrent également l'avantage d'être facilement solubles dans l'eau froide sans former de résidus.
EP96924827A 1995-07-10 1996-07-01 Procede de preparation de granules tensioactifs de saccharose Expired - Lifetime EP0837923B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19524464 1995-07-10
DE19524464A DE19524464C2 (de) 1995-07-10 1995-07-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zuckertensidgranulaten
PCT/EP1996/002862 WO1997003165A1 (fr) 1995-07-10 1996-07-01 Procede de preparation de granules tensioactifs de saccharose

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0837923A1 true EP0837923A1 (fr) 1998-04-29
EP0837923B1 EP0837923B1 (fr) 1999-09-29

Family

ID=7766064

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96924827A Expired - Lifetime EP0837923B1 (fr) 1995-07-10 1996-07-01 Procede de preparation de granules tensioactifs de saccharose

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6030937A (fr)
EP (1) EP0837923B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6516096A (fr)
DE (2) DE19524464C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2138826T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997003165A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997003165A1 (fr) 1997-01-30
DE19524464A1 (de) 1997-01-16
EP0837923B1 (fr) 1999-09-29
DE19524464C2 (de) 2000-08-24
ES2138826T3 (es) 2000-01-16
DE59603236D1 (de) 1999-11-04
US6030937A (en) 2000-02-29
AU6516096A (en) 1997-02-10

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