EP0916575A2 - Air conditioning system for ships - Google Patents

Air conditioning system for ships Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0916575A2
EP0916575A2 EP98660117A EP98660117A EP0916575A2 EP 0916575 A2 EP0916575 A2 EP 0916575A2 EP 98660117 A EP98660117 A EP 98660117A EP 98660117 A EP98660117 A EP 98660117A EP 0916575 A2 EP0916575 A2 EP 0916575A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
cabin
conditioning
conditioning system
supply air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98660117A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0916575B1 (en
EP0916575A3 (en
Inventor
Jari Vainio
Esko Nousiainen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koja Marine
Original Assignee
Koja Marine
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koja Marine filed Critical Koja Marine
Publication of EP0916575A2 publication Critical patent/EP0916575A2/en
Publication of EP0916575A3 publication Critical patent/EP0916575A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0916575B1 publication Critical patent/EP0916575B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
    • B63J2/04—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of living spaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an air-conditioning system for ships, which is chiefly intended for the air-conditioning of ship cabins, and which consists of an air-conditioning unit comprising one or more zone radiators, from where supply air is conducted through supply air ducts to the cabins, each cabin having an individual air quantity regulator equipped with a cooling coil for controlling and cooling the supply air flow rate.
  • Previously known solutions comprise a "single-duct system" in which supply air is introduced from a central unit through a heat-insulated duct. Such ducts require much space and are expensive compared to uninsulated ducts. This system has been stated to be unnecessarily energy-consuming because of the constant air flow continuously introduced into the cabins.
  • the single-duct system frequently uses a supplementary electric heater mounted in the cabin unit. Electric heating is about 4 to 5 times more expensive than the energy consumption in accordance with this invention.
  • the single-duct system mentioned above also has the drawback of the major portion of exhaust air passing from the cabin to the cabin corridor.
  • the system called “double-duct system” has the same drawbacks as those mentioned above.
  • a third air-conditioning system known per se is the Fancoil system, which consists of a return air unit, i.e. a fan coil system.
  • This system known per se has the drawback of providing a minuscule quantity of fresh air.
  • Supply air is introduced from the central unit through a heat-insulated duct.
  • Such ducts are space-requiring and expensive compared to uninsulated ducts.
  • the system has also been noted to generate fan noise and it may also involve problems relating to condensing water.
  • such a device comprises an energy-consuming supplementary electric heater.
  • the system involves a plurality of components requiring maintenance, such as a fan, a filter, a supplementary heater, a cooling coil and a three-way valve.
  • the purpose of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned above.
  • the air-conditioning system of the invention is characterised by the fact that the cabin is equipped with a second individual air quantity regulator, by means of which the exhaust air flow rate is controlled.
  • Various embodiments of the invention are defined in the remaining dependent claims of the set of claims.
  • the air flow rate is controlled according to the temperature and/or CO 2 concentration of the cabin.
  • An empty cabin has a minimum of air-conditioning.
  • the air-conditioning system consists of an air-conditioning unit 1 having the necessary number of zone radiators 2, in this case three, from where supply air is conducted by means of supply air ducts 3 to cabins 4. Cabins 4 are separated by cabin corridors 5. Each cabin 4 has an individual air quantity regulator 6, by means of which the supply air flow rate is controlled. The control is performed with the use of an air quantity regulator plate 7 known per se. The regulator plate is followed by a damper 8 and a supply air grille 9. The cabin is also provided with a second individual air quantity regulator 10, by means of which the exhaust air flow rate is controlled. This second air quantity regulator also has an exhaust air grille 11, a damper 12 and an air quantity regulator plate 13. The supply air quantity regulator is equipped with a cooling coil 14.
  • the supply air quantity regulator 6 is located in the ceiling of the toilet module of cabin 4.
  • the exhaust air quantity regulator 10 is located in the top panel of the cabin closets.
  • the supply air flow rate is controlled by a sensor means 16 mounted in the cabin.
  • the sensor means consists of a cabin thermostat and a CO 2 sensor.
  • Supply air is introduced from central unit 1 through zone radiator 2 along duct 3 to the cabins.
  • the air temperature is + 18 °C at minimum.
  • the air is cooled to +14 °C in cooling coils 14.
  • Regulator plate 7 is controlled by a message from sensor 16. Air is blown through damper 8 and supply air grille 9 into cabin 4. Exhaust air is removed through grille 11 and damper 12 to regulator plate 13, which is subjected to the operation of a supply air plate.
  • the toilet module has an exhaust air valve 15, over which a constant air quantity is continuously removed.
  • the supply air temperature may vary within the range from + 18 °C to +25 °C, depending on the set values of the cabin thermostats, the time of the day and the outdoor temperature.
  • the set value of all of the cabin thermostats can be varied by e.g. ⁇ 3 °C.
  • the set value is normally + 21 °C.
  • All of sensors 16 are connected to the central automation system and through this to air-conditioning unit 1.
  • Each outer edge and inner cabin is served by an individual zone radiator 2.
  • the supply air unit can be complemented with a supplementary electric heater. Due to their high cost, the CO 2 sensor and control may also be left out from the system.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

An air-conditioning system for ships which is chiefly intended for the air-conditioning of ship cabins consists of an air-conditioning unit (1) comprising one or more zone radiators (2) from where supply air is conducted through supply air ducts (3) to the cabins (4). Each cabin (4) has an individual air quantity regulator and a cooling coil (6) for controlling and cooling the supply air flow rate.

Description

  • This invention relates to an air-conditioning system for ships, which is chiefly intended for the air-conditioning of ship cabins, and which consists of an air-conditioning unit comprising one or more zone radiators, from where supply air is conducted through supply air ducts to the cabins, each cabin having an individual air quantity regulator equipped with a cooling coil for controlling and cooling the supply air flow rate.
  • Previously known solutions comprise a "single-duct system" in which supply air is introduced from a central unit through a heat-insulated duct. Such ducts require much space and are expensive compared to uninsulated ducts. This system has been stated to be unnecessarily energy-consuming because of the constant air flow continuously introduced into the cabins. The single-duct system frequently uses a supplementary electric heater mounted in the cabin unit. Electric heating is about 4 to 5 times more expensive than the energy consumption in accordance with this invention. The single-duct system mentioned above also has the drawback of the major portion of exhaust air passing from the cabin to the cabin corridor. The system called "double-duct system" has the same drawbacks as those mentioned above.
  • A third air-conditioning system known per se is the Fancoil system, which consists of a return air unit, i.e. a fan coil system. This system known per se has the drawback of providing a minuscule quantity of fresh air. Supply air is introduced from the central unit through a heat-insulated duct. Such ducts are space-requiring and expensive compared to uninsulated ducts. The system has also been noted to generate fan noise and it may also involve problems relating to condensing water. In additon, such a device comprises an energy-consuming supplementary electric heater. The system involves a plurality of components requiring maintenance, such as a fan, a filter, a supplementary heater, a cooling coil and a three-way valve.
  • The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned above. The air-conditioning system of the invention is characterised by the fact that the cabin is equipped with a second individual air quantity regulator, by means of which the exhaust air flow rate is controlled. Various embodiments of the invention are defined in the remaining dependent claims of the set of claims.
  • The air-conditioning system of the invention has the following advantages:
    • uninsulated supply air ducts,
    • individual temperature control in each cabin,
    • maintaining good air quality compared to the Fancoil system,
    • no need for supplementary electric heaters,
    • no unnecessary components requiring maintenance, no fan, no filters in the cabins,
    • low noise level, no fan in the cabins,
    • no exhaust air led to the corridor (no smoke problems in the corridor in the event of cabin fire or vice versa),
    • no problems with condensing water within the cabin as the cabin door or window is opened,
    • air-conditioning of the cabins whenever necessary, resulting in energy savings.
  • The air flow rate is controlled according to the temperature and/or CO2 concentration of the cabin. An empty cabin has a minimum of air-conditioning.
  • The invention is described below with the aid of an example and with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
  • figure 1 is a schematic top view of the cabins, cabin corridors and the air-conditioning unit of a ship,
  • figure 2 is atop view of a cabin.
  • The air-conditioning system consists of an air-conditioning unit 1 having the necessary number of zone radiators 2, in this case three, from where supply air is conducted by means of supply air ducts 3 to cabins 4. Cabins 4 are separated by cabin corridors 5. Each cabin 4 has an individual air quantity regulator 6, by means of which the supply air flow rate is controlled. The control is performed with the use of an air quantity regulator plate 7 known per se. The regulator plate is followed by a damper 8 and a supply air grille 9. The cabin is also provided with a second individual air quantity regulator 10, by means of which the exhaust air flow rate is controlled. This second air quantity regulator also has an exhaust air grille 11, a damper 12 and an air quantity regulator plate 13. The supply air quantity regulator is equipped with a cooling coil 14. The supply air quantity regulator 6 is located in the ceiling of the toilet module of cabin 4. The exhaust air quantity regulator 10 is located in the top panel of the cabin closets. The supply air flow rate is controlled by a sensor means 16 mounted in the cabin. The sensor means consists of a cabin thermostat and a CO2 sensor.
  • Supply air is introduced from central unit 1 through zone radiator 2 along duct 3 to the cabins. The air temperature is + 18 °C at minimum. The air is cooled to +14 °C in cooling coils 14. Regulator plate 7 is controlled by a message from sensor 16. Air is blown through damper 8 and supply air grille 9 into cabin 4. Exhaust air is removed through grille 11 and damper 12 to regulator plate 13, which is subjected to the operation of a supply air plate. The toilet module has an exhaust air valve 15, over which a constant air quantity is continuously removed. The supply air temperature may vary within the range from + 18 °C to +25 °C, depending on the set values of the cabin thermostats, the time of the day and the outdoor temperature. The set value of all of the cabin thermostats can be varied by e.g. ±3 °C. The set value is normally + 21 °C. All of sensors 16 are connected to the central automation system and through this to air-conditioning unit 1. Each outer edge and inner cabin is served by an individual zone radiator 2.
  • Whenever necessary, the supply air unit can be complemented with a supplementary electric heater. Due to their high cost, the CO2 sensor and control may also be left out from the system.

Claims (5)

  1. An air-conditioning system for ships, which is intended chiefly for the air-conditioning of ship cabins and which consists of an air-conditioning unit (1) comprising one or more zone radiators (2), from where supply air is conducted through supply air ducts (3) to the cabins (4), and in which each cabin (4) has an individual air quantity regulator (6) equipped with a cooling coil for controlling and cooling the supply air flow rate, characterised in that the cabin (4) has a second individual air quantity regulator (10) for controlling the exhaust air flow rate.
  2. An air-conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the supply air quantity regulator (6) is positioned in the ceiling of the toilet module of the cabin (4).
  3. An air-conditioning system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the exhaust air quantity regulator (10) is positioned in the top panel of the cabin (4) closets.
  4. An air-conditioning system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supply air flow rate is controlled by means of a cabin thermostat and a CO2 sensor (14) mounted in the cabin.
  5. An air-conditioning systema s claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the cabin thermostat and the CO2 sensor are connected under bus control to the automation system included in the air-conditioning system of a ship.
EP98660117A 1997-11-13 1998-11-06 Air conditioning system for ships Expired - Lifetime EP0916575B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI974220A FI109782B (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Air conditioning system for ships
FI974220 1997-11-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0916575A2 true EP0916575A2 (en) 1999-05-19
EP0916575A3 EP0916575A3 (en) 2001-08-01
EP0916575B1 EP0916575B1 (en) 2003-04-16

Family

ID=8549931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98660117A Expired - Lifetime EP0916575B1 (en) 1997-11-13 1998-11-06 Air conditioning system for ships

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0916575B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69813457T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2197445T3 (en)
FI (1) FI109782B (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR20070100072A (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-09-19 Δημητριος Κωσταλας Engine rooms employing internal combustion engines.
CN107200116A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-26 中国海洋大学 A kind of big cabin low noise ventilating system of ocean engineering
EP3385159A1 (en) 2017-04-07 2018-10-10 EMCO Klima GmbH Air conditioining device, air conditioning system and method for air conditioning of a ship cabin
DE102017107582A1 (en) 2017-04-07 2018-10-11 Emco Klima Gmbh Air conditioning of ship cabins
DE102017125758A1 (en) 2017-11-03 2019-05-09 Emco Klima Gmbh Decentralized air conditioning of ship cabins
EP3591302A1 (en) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-08 Koja Oy Fan coil system and ventilation system
CN111452945A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-07-28 上海外高桥造船有限公司 Marine central air-conditioning system
CN114132476A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-04 中船邮轮科技发展有限公司 Air conditioning system for passenger cabin of cruise ship and control method
CN114348229A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-04-15 广船国际有限公司 Ventilation system and passenger ship
JP2023123918A (en) * 2022-02-25 2023-09-06 三菱重工業株式会社 vessel
CN119659915A (en) * 2024-11-25 2025-03-21 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 Marine distributed air conditioning system and air supply method

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3223050A1 (en) * 1982-06-21 1983-12-22 G + H Montage Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Transport ship
DE4313581A1 (en) * 1993-04-26 1994-10-27 Hochhaus Karl Heinz Dr Ing Economical CFC-free air conditioning plant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR20070100072A (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-09-19 Δημητριος Κωσταλας Engine rooms employing internal combustion engines.
WO2008096184A3 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-11-20 Dimitrios Kostalas Motor systems for use with combustion engines
EP3385159A1 (en) 2017-04-07 2018-10-10 EMCO Klima GmbH Air conditioining device, air conditioning system and method for air conditioning of a ship cabin
DE102017107582A1 (en) 2017-04-07 2018-10-11 Emco Klima Gmbh Air conditioning of ship cabins
CN107200116A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-26 中国海洋大学 A kind of big cabin low noise ventilating system of ocean engineering
DE102017125758A1 (en) 2017-11-03 2019-05-09 Emco Klima Gmbh Decentralized air conditioning of ship cabins
EP3591302A1 (en) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-08 Koja Oy Fan coil system and ventilation system
CN111452945A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-07-28 上海外高桥造船有限公司 Marine central air-conditioning system
CN114132476A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-04 中船邮轮科技发展有限公司 Air conditioning system for passenger cabin of cruise ship and control method
CN114132476B (en) * 2021-11-09 2023-09-05 中船邮轮科技发展有限公司 Air conditioning system of mail wheel passenger cabin and control method
CN114348229A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-04-15 广船国际有限公司 Ventilation system and passenger ship
JP2023123918A (en) * 2022-02-25 2023-09-06 三菱重工業株式会社 vessel
CN119659915A (en) * 2024-11-25 2025-03-21 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 Marine distributed air conditioning system and air supply method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI109782B (en) 2002-10-15
ES2197445T3 (en) 2004-01-01
DE69813457D1 (en) 2003-05-22
FI974220A0 (en) 1997-11-13
FI974220L (en) 1999-05-14
EP0916575B1 (en) 2003-04-16
DE69813457T2 (en) 2004-03-25
EP0916575A3 (en) 2001-08-01

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