EP0981394A1 - Procede pour decomposer des hydrocarbures halogenes - Google Patents

Procede pour decomposer des hydrocarbures halogenes

Info

Publication number
EP0981394A1
EP0981394A1 EP98929274A EP98929274A EP0981394A1 EP 0981394 A1 EP0981394 A1 EP 0981394A1 EP 98929274 A EP98929274 A EP 98929274A EP 98929274 A EP98929274 A EP 98929274A EP 0981394 A1 EP0981394 A1 EP 0981394A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zeolite
degradation
catalyst
partially
halogenated hydrocarbons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98929274A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Patric Wedlich
Andreas Rausch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19750546A external-priority patent/DE19750546C2/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0981394A1 publication Critical patent/EP0981394A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/20—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by hydropyrolysis or destructive steam gasification, e.g. using water and heat or supercritical water, to effect chemical change
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/35—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by hydrolysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/37—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by reduction, e.g. hydrogenation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the degradation of partially and / or completely halogenated hydrocarbons by reaction with water in the presence of a catalyst.
  • Chlorofluorocarbons (CFRP) (also known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)) are of great technical and economic importance. Individually or as azeotropes in liquefied form, they are used in particular as blowing agents for aerosols, as refrigerants, fire extinguishing agents, solvents for chemical cleaning, for metal degreasing and for foaming plastics. However, for some years now there have been considerable concerns about their uncontrolled use: the ones that remain unchanged into
  • CFRP entering the stratosphere are photolyzed there by hard solar UV radiation, with the formation of, for example, chlorine radicals; these react with the ozone, causing a weakening of the ozone jacket, which acts as a UV radiation shield (so-called ozone hole). It is no longer seriously disputed that CFRP, at least in part, is responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere. In addition, there is also the natural greenhouse effect Warming beyond the earth's atmosphere, at least in part, is attributable to the increase in the concentration of CFRP.
  • CFCs CFRP
  • zeolites a catalyst for example zeolites
  • CFRPs are mainly broken down by thermal fission at high temperatures, for example at approx. 2000 ° C; however, this method has the disadvantage that it is very energy-intensive. It was an object of the present invention to provide a process for the degradation of partially and / or completely halogenated hydrocarbons which can be carried out simply, safely and with the lowest possible energy consumption and which leads to end products which can be easily and completely disposed of or which can be returned to the material cycle can. The end products are therefore not harmful to the environment.
  • the present invention relates to a process according to claim 1 for the degradation of partially and / or fully halogenated hydrocarbons by reaction with water in the presence of a catalyst, which is characterized in that a zeolite H-ZSM 5 with a S ⁇ 0 2 / Al 2 0 3 -Verhaltn ⁇ s (module) of large 15 used.
  • a zeolite H-ZSM 5 with a SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio (module) of a large 15 is used as the catalyst for the process according to the invention.
  • a zeolite H-ZSM 5 is preferred a module from 20 to 100, in particular from 25 to 35, and primarily from 28.
  • the halogenated hydrocarbons used are primarily those having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, such as fully halogenated chlorofluoromethane, methylene chloride or equivalent ethane derivatives.
  • the partially or fully halogenated hydrocarbons used are preferably derived from saturated hydrocarbons.
  • the process according to the invention expediently also comprises a step for neutralizing the hydrohalic acids formed during the decomposition.
  • This neutralization can take place simultaneously, i.e. during mining to form the
  • Hydrogen halides are carried out, or such a neutralization stage can be expediently connected to the decomposition stage, because in this way the used neutralizing agent can be exchanged independently of the catalyst.
  • the hydrogen halide and carbon oxide products formed in the degradation stage are expediently passed in gaseous form through absorption or scrubbing chambers.
  • This process can be carried out in one or more stages, and the absorbent can be solid or liquid.
  • the absorbent can be solid or liquid.
  • an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide solution or slurry of milk of lime is used.
  • a solid absorbent such.
  • B. calcium hydroxide or calcium chloride can be used.
  • the carbon oxides can also, at least partially, be converted into salts. It is also possible to carry out the neutralization stage at the same time as the degradation stage, that is to say during the formation of hydrogen halides and carbon oxides.
  • the temperature of the reaction is preferably between 200 ° C and 500 ° C, and in particular between 300 ° C and 400 ° C.
  • a tubular reactor is equipped with zeolite H-ZSM 5 with a module of 28 and heated to 340 ° C.
  • the CFRP R12 to be converted is brought into a gaseous state by evaporation and mixed with water vapor in an at least stoichiometric ratio. This gas mixture then flows through the tubular reactor at a temperature of 340 ° C.
  • the tube reactor is filled with 500 g of zeolite and a flow rate of 25 l / hour, complete CFRP degradation can be achieved.
  • the gas mixture leaving the tubular reactor is then fed to a gas scrubber with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the gas stream leaving this scrubber is carbon-free and contains no halogenated products.
  • the gas mixture leaving the tubular reactor can be passed through the tubular reactor (zeolite bed) one or more times before the gas scrubbing, and in particular after the gas scrubbing .
  • Zeolites H-ZSM 5 with a module of 20 to 100 are characterized by a particularly high effectiveness. They also have high temperature stability and, as studies have shown, they are also insensitive to the corrosive degradation products HBr, HC1 and HF.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

Ce procédé pour décomposer des hydrocarbures entièrement et/ou partiellement halogénés par réaction avec de l'eau en présence d'un catalyseur se caractérise en ce que l'on utilise comme catalyseur un zéolite H-ZSM 5 d'un rapport SiO2/Al2O3 (module) supérieur à 15.
EP98929274A 1997-04-30 1998-04-29 Procede pour decomposer des hydrocarbures halogenes Withdrawn EP0981394A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19718373 1997-04-30
DE19718373 1997-04-30
DE19750546 1997-11-14
DE19750546A DE19750546C2 (de) 1997-04-30 1997-11-14 Verfahren zur Konversion voll- und teilhalogenierter Kohlenwasserstoffe
PCT/EP1998/002541 WO1998048901A1 (fr) 1997-04-30 1998-04-29 Procede pour decomposer des hydrocarbures halogenes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0981394A1 true EP0981394A1 (fr) 2000-03-01

Family

ID=26036225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98929274A Withdrawn EP0981394A1 (fr) 1997-04-30 1998-04-29 Procede pour decomposer des hydrocarbures halogenes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0981394A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7910198A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998048901A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3702886A (en) * 1969-10-10 1972-11-14 Mobil Oil Corp Crystalline zeolite zsm-5 and method of preparing the same
US4384159A (en) * 1982-03-12 1983-05-17 The Dow Chemical Company Catalytic dehydrohalogenation process
JPH01155946A (ja) * 1987-12-14 1989-06-19 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd ハロゲン化低級炭化水素除去用吸着剤
JPH04250825A (ja) * 1990-12-27 1992-09-07 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol ハロゲン含有有機化合物を含む気体の処理方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9848901A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998048901A1 (fr) 1998-11-05
AU7910198A (en) 1998-11-24

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