EP1232580A1 - Procede et appareil permettant d'ameliorer l'attribution de bande passante dans un systeme de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Procede et appareil permettant d'ameliorer l'attribution de bande passante dans un systeme de communication sans fil

Info

Publication number
EP1232580A1
EP1232580A1 EP00963697A EP00963697A EP1232580A1 EP 1232580 A1 EP1232580 A1 EP 1232580A1 EP 00963697 A EP00963697 A EP 00963697A EP 00963697 A EP00963697 A EP 00963697A EP 1232580 A1 EP1232580 A1 EP 1232580A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traffic
alternate
dedicated
inactivity
periods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00963697A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Yiannis Argyropoulos
Philip Gilchrist
Sanjay Gupta
Edward Hatala
Stephen Spear
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Motorola Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc filed Critical Motorola Inc
Publication of EP1232580A1 publication Critical patent/EP1232580A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1682—Allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users, e.g. concentrated multiplexers, statistical multiplexers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to wireless telecommunication systems, and more particularly to systems employing multiplexing of packet switched and bursty circuit switched traffic over a wireless interface.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • voice information alternates between active and inactive (silence) periods.
  • Bits generated by a voice coder (vocoder) during silence periods do not typically possess significant information content and therefore are typically discarded without significant detrimental impact on voice quality.
  • Vocoders and TDMA radiotelephone systems such as Group Special Mobile (GSM) employ voice activity detection (VAD) and discontinuous transmission (DTX) modes. For example, packets may be generated that do not contain a minimum level of information content and therefore are marked and do not have to be transmitted.
  • voice activity detection and discontinuous transmission together may be employed to reduce the interference to other ongoing transmission and prolong better life of mobile units.
  • mobile units may have a plurality of different applications operating that require wireless communication links with one or more base station systems (BSS).
  • BSS base station systems
  • a video application may be used to communicate video information, data, or other information.
  • another application such as a telephone application, may use a same modem or a different modem to communicate voice information to and from the mobile unit.
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • FIG.1 is a diagram illustrating a prior art TDMA packet stream having active and inactive periods
  • FIG. 2.1 is a diagram illustrating a stream of TDMA packets generated in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2.2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a system that improves bandwidth allocation and a TDMA or FDMA wireless communication system, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating one example of the operation of the system shown in FIG. 2.2 during a downlink communication;
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating one example of a system for improving bandwidth allocation in a TDMA or FDMA wireless communication system from an uplink perspective in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating one example of the operation of the system shown in FIG. 4.
  • a system and method multiplexes voice and data to transfer data both in uplink and downlink communications during silence periods in a voice call or other communication having periods of detected inactivity.
  • Multiplexed information such as dedicated and alternate traffic, may be transferred to and from a common mobile unit incorporating multiple applications or to a different mobile unit that is not involved in a voice call. This results in improved efficiency for the transmission resources and other resources of the system.
  • the system and method employs a bandwidth allocation mechanism that provides statistical multiplexing of voice and data, or other information, from the same traffic channel, such as a timeslot in a TDMA system, during periods of detected inactivity.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional representation of a TDMA packet stream generally indicated as 10, that includes a series of packets contained in slots within frames.
  • a series of active frames 12a and 12b are shown, as well an inactivity period 14 indicated by silence identification frames (SID frames) 16.
  • SID frames represent a beginning of a period of inactivity. As shown, the "l"'s indicate that information was sent, and the "0"'s indicate that no packets were sent.
  • some systems generate the SID frame information during voice calls when silence occurs within a communication to modify.
  • Other frames, such as discontinuous transmission frames and start transmission frames 18 may also be embedded in the inactivity period as known in the art. Non-use of time slots by a mobile unit or application during the inactivity period wastes bandwidth.
  • FIG. 2.1 diagramatically illustrates a TDMA packet stream 200 also having active periods 202a, 202b.
  • the TDMA packet stream 200 is generated using the disclosed invention.
  • the result is inserted alternate traffic 204 and 206 inserted in an inactive period 208.
  • the inserted alternate traffic 204 and 206 may be associated with a same mobile unit but a different application running in the mobile unit, a different mobile unit not involved in the voice communication, or any other suitable entity or application.
  • An application includes any software, firmware or other executable instructions, non-executable instructions that are used to perform a process.
  • FIG. 2.2 illustrates a TDMA wireless communication system 210, such as a GSM system or any other suitable system, which in this embodiment includes a plurality of mobile units 212a-212n that are in operative communication with a radio access network element 214, such as a base station system (BSS), or other suitable network element.
  • a radio access network element 214 such as a base station system (BSS), or other suitable network element.
  • BSS base station system
  • the invention will be described with reference to a TDMA type of the radiotelephone system.
  • any suitable wireless communication system may also be used. Accordingly, a time slot in every frame is allocated to a voice call or application for its entire duration. However, variable bit rate applications or other suitable communication systems may also be used.
  • the wireless communication system 210 as shown will be described from a downlink communication perspective. A description of an uplink communication is described with reference to FIGs 4-5.
  • the network element 214 receives voice or other information 216 from any suitable source such as from a mobile switching center from the core network or any other suitable source.
  • the network element 214 may include, for example, a transcoder 218, a controller 220, alternate traffic insertion logic 222 and a radio frequency (RF) channel providing circuit 224.
  • the network element 214 may be a base station system (BSS) in a cellular radiotelephone system.
  • BSS base station system
  • the controller 220 and alternate traffic insertion logic 222 may be components of a base site controller (BSC), including but not limited to digital signal processors, microprocessors, state machines, other hardware, software, firmware, any suitable combination thereof or any other suitable structure.
  • BSC base site controller
  • the radio frequency channel providing circuit 224 may be a transceiver of a base transceiver station (BTS) in a cellular network or any other suitable system or subsystem implemented in any suitable fashion including but not limited to digital signal processors, microprocessors, state machines, other hardware, software, firmware, any suitable combination thereof or any other suitable structure. However, it will be recognized that the structures and functions may be moved or incorporated in any suitable part of a network or plurality of network elements as desired.
  • the RF channel providing circuit 224 transmits information through antenna 226 to a plurality of mobile units 212a-212n over a suitable wireless link 228.
  • the mobile unit 212a may include, for example, a receiving and transmitting antenna or antennas 230, a conventional receiver circuit 232 and an alternate traffic detector 234.
  • the alternate traffic detector 234 may be any suitable processing device or devices, such as a microprocessor, digital signal processor, discrete logic, other hardware, including state machines, software, firmware or any suitable combination thereof.
  • Each of the mobile units may be running one or a plurality of different software applications that require an interface bandwidth.
  • the transcoder 218 may be any conventional transcoder that may include, for example, voice activity detection (VAD) using a voice activity detector 242 as known in the art.
  • VAD voice activity detection
  • the transcoder 218 evaluates the information 216 to detect voice data activity and outputs information 240 with activity data 241 and the traffic channel information 243.
  • the voice activity detector 242 may, for example, insert activity data 241 in a frame to indicate periods of silence. For example, SID frames.
  • the transcoder 218 may send keep alive bits as the activity data 241 without inserting data to the fill in bandwidth.
  • the information 240 includes the dedicated traffic that is dedicated to the particular mobile unit or application.
  • the information 240 will include the dedicated traffic to be inserted in time slot TS in addition to including SID information.
  • the information 240 is received by the controller 220 and by the alternate traffic insertion logic 222.
  • the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 receives not only the dedicated traffic associated with the mobile unit 212a or an application, but it also receives alternate traffic 244 from another suitable source.
  • the alternate traffic 244 is associated with a second application or another mobile unit or other entity.
  • the alternate traffic 244 is considered alternate since it is not dedicated to the time slot TS 3 for the mobile unit 212a.
  • the controller 220 and alternate traffic insertion logic 222 may be a suitably programmed microprocessor, computer, digital circuitry, firmware, or any other suitable combination of hardware or software.
  • the controller 220 analyzes the information 240 from the dedicated traffic channel to detect periods of inactivity. For example, the controller may analyze the activity data 241 information, such as the SID frames, to determine when silence is occurring so that it can generate an insertion control signal 246 to control the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 so that the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 inserts the alternate traffic 244 in a dedicated traffic channel (TS 3 time slot) such as during inactive period 208.
  • TS 3 time slot dedicated traffic channel
  • the alternate traffic 244 may be, for example, audio or video or other suitable information for a different application running, for example, on mobile unit 212b. Accordingly, the time slot TS during the inactivity period is filled with alternate traffic information for the mobile unit 212b. Accordingly, the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 alternately outputs dedicated traffic or alternate traffic 204, 206 for suitable modulation and transmission by the RF channel providing circuit 224.
  • the controller 220 and alternate traffic insertion logic 222 adapt dynamically to the change in traffic types (e.g., data and voice).
  • the alternate traffic detector 234 may be a suitable software module operating on a processing unit such as a microprocessor, or can be implemented using a hardware circuit, a combination of software, firm hardware, or any other suitable structure which can determine which frames or slots during the inactive period 208 contain the alternate traffic 204, 206.
  • the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 generates traffic differentiation data 252, such as one or more bits indicating which of the time slots contain the alternate traffic 204, 206.
  • the alternate traffic detector 234 evaluates the received TDMA packets and searches for the traffic differentiation data 252.
  • the traffic differentiation data 252 then indicates to the receiving mobile unit which of the shared time slots contain dedicated traffic for the mobile unit and which contain alternate traffic for an alternate application or alternate mobile unit.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates one example of the operation of the system in FIG. 2.2 during a downlink communication.
  • the process includes generating information and activity data 241, such as SID frames based on voice activity detection or any other suitable inactivity detection. This may be performed, for example, by the network element 214 or any other suitable element.
  • the process further includes, as shown in block 302, detecting periods of information inactivity in dedicated traffic channels based on the activity data 241.
  • the network element 214 may generate an allocation bit map which is computed on the downlink communication. The allocation bit map may then be broadcast as soon as the network element 214 transmits a downlink SID frame.
  • the bitmap may be a table that informs mobiles as to when they should be receiving data in an uplink and downlink communication.
  • the traffic differentiation data may be one or more bits, for example in a midamble, in a timeslot to indicate the presence of alternate data in the timeslot.
  • the SID frame signals the beginning of the silence period.
  • the allocation bit map contains identification of an application and time slot information indicating which time slot radio blocks are assigned to which resource user. As such, the network element 214 reallocates some of the time slot radio blocks that are available during inactivity or are detected during inactivity periods for use by other applications or mobile units.
  • the controller 220 determines the inactivity periods based on the activity data 241 (e.g., SID frames)
  • the controller 220 then generates the insertion control signal 246 to control the insertion of alternate traffic in suitable time slots that are not active for a given mobile.
  • the method continues by inserting the alternate traffic associated with other applications or mobile units in a period of detected inactivity. Referring again to FIG. 2.1, this may be done, for example, by placing data in the frames or slots during the inactivity period that normally do not contain or are detected not to contain voice information.
  • the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 inserts the traffic differentiation data 252, such as one or more bits, along with the inserted alternate traffic so that the mobile units can determine which time slots contain traffic that is not dedicated for them.
  • the traffic differentiation data 252 may be a bit field or bits set in a midamble of a timeslot or may be any suitable mechanism.
  • the traffic differentiation data 252 is included with the inserted alternate traffic 244.
  • the network element 214 transmits the activity data 241, the allocation bit map and alternate traffic 204, 206, along with the traffic differentiation data 252, for communication to a plurality of applications or mobile units.
  • one or more mobile units receive and analyze communicated information.
  • the mobile units detect the inserted alternate traffic 204, 206 based on the traffic differentiation data 252.
  • the receiving mobile unit ignores the detected inserted alternate traffic 204, 206. This is shown in block 318. The process continues as required.
  • the method includes preempting the transmission of alternate traffic as shown in block 320.
  • the preemption may be performed in a number of different ways.
  • One example includes the controller 220 controlling the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 to output the dedicated traffic 240 in the appropriate time slot.
  • collisions may occur if suitable notification and suitable timing constraints are not implemented.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the system 210 during an uplink communication wherein the dedicated traffic time slot is reclaimed by the mobile unit or application.
  • the network element 214 includes a reclaim message generator 402.
  • the network element 210 may reclaim for the first application or first mobile unit, bandwidth associated with the inserted traffic for the period of inactivity. The reclaiming may be done when the network element 214 detects that voice has commenced.
  • the mobile units 212a-212n also include a reclaiming algorithm such as a suitable software module 400 which can initiate the reclaiming of a traffic channel time slot in the uplink mode.
  • the reclaim message generator 402 may be a suitably programmed processing unit, or any other suitable structure.
  • the reclaim message generator 402 is responsive to a traffic reclaim request 404 generated by a mobile unit or other application desiring to reclaim a dedicated time slot formerly in the inactivity period.
  • the traffic reclaim request 404 may be provided over a shared control channel or a separate and dedicated reclaim control channel.
  • the reclaim message generator 402 provides a reclaim message 406 to another application indicating that the dedicated application requires transmission of dedicated traffic. In other words, the reclaim message generator 402 generates the reclaim message 406 to the application or mobile unit that was using the alternate traffic so that alternate traffic is no longer placed in the dedicated time slots.
  • the traffic reclaim request 404 may be implicit as further described below. Other reclaim techniques may also be used.
  • a packet random access channel may be shared among voice and data calls.
  • the mobile unit communicating voice uses this channel to indicate voice activity.
  • the mobile unit informs the network element that it wants the dedicated channel back by virtue of the reclaim request 404.
  • the reclaim request 404 in this embodiment is generated over a shared control channel.
  • the shared control channel may be, for example, a packet random access channel which is used to generate other control information for the mobile unit.
  • Another alternative reclaiming approach includes providing a dedicated real time packet random access channel which is used exclusively for active packetized voice and other real time connection oriented services.
  • the dedicated reclaim channel may be provided on a per carrier or on a per cell basis, for example. For example, one definable segment, such as one frame out of N frames, or one out of eight time slots in a frame may be reserved for the reclaiming channel.
  • the network element 214 controls the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 to insert information in only a portion of the available inactivity bandwidth such that the alternate traffic insertion logic 222 inserts the alternate traffic in only a portion of the total inactivity bandwidth during a designated period of inactivity.
  • Remaining radio blocks are left for the voice call that is currently in the silence period, so that it can reclaim time slots that are immediately available without requiring messages to other mobile units.
  • the network element 214 assigns one out of every eight bursts, for example, (a 20 millisecond period) to be set aside for use by the voice information for the mobile unit that is currently in a silence period. This allows existing mobile units to operate using the remaining bandwidth during an inactivity period with minimum impact on voice quality since the mobile unit having the dedicated communication can quickly use the time slot set aside for the voice portion during the inactivity period.
  • the mobile unit may be sending SID frames on a regular basis. If one, or a succession of frames, is received that is not decoded as a SID frame, the network element treats this lack of SID frame as a voice activity trigger causing the alternate traffic to be preempted and thrown off the time slot. As such, the network element may notify the alternate application that the mobile unit in the current voice call has reclaimed the channel based on detection of recommencement of activity.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, for example, the operation of an embodiment of FIG. 4.
  • the method includes analyzing a communication from a first mobile unit by a network element.
  • the network element 214 through the voice activity detector 242 detects inactivity frames and generates activity data 241. such as SID frames.
  • the network element 214 allocates its uplink inactivity radio blocks, such as time slots, for a second alternate mobile unit and updates an allocation bit map as known in the art.
  • the method includes sending a notification message 407 to the alternate mobile unit to transmit alternate data in a dedicated inactivity slots of the first mobile unit.
  • the method includes generating, for example by the first mobile unit, the traffic claim request 400.
  • the network element processes the traffic reclaim request as shown in block 510 and sends a reclaim message to the second mobile unit to notify the mobile unit to stop using the time slots of inactivity of the first mobile unit to avoid collisions. This is shown in block 512.
  • the mobile unit then resumes dedicated traffic transmission. Since the time slots are now being reused by the first mobile unit, the network element then again updates the allocation bit map as shown in block 516. The process then continues for each mobile unit and each application in each mobile unit seeking to use inactivity periods.
  • the above disclosed system and methods allows statistical multiplexing of voice and data and other information in a wireless communication network to provide increased utilization of an air interface. This can translate into higher revenue for network operator and provides other advantages.
  • mobile units are able to inform the network element at the start of silence in active bursts.
  • the time slot rescheduling or insertion technique allows multiplexing of one or more voices in one or more data connections on the same time slot or group of time slots.
  • the network element can route voice and data frames to switch voice and data traffic to different protocol stacks and route them separately.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système et un procédé de multiplexage de voix et de données, permettant de transférer des données à la fois dans des communications à liaison montante et dans des communications à liaison descendante, pendant des périodes de silence, dans un appel vocal ou une autre communication présentant des périodes d'inactivité détectée. Des informations multiplexées, telles qu'un trafic spécialisé ou alterné (204), peuvent être transférées vers et à partir d'une unité mobile commune, qui intègre de multiples applications, ou vers une unité mobile différente, qui n'est pas impliquée dans un appel vocal. Il en résulte une efficacité améliorée des ressources de transmission et d'autres ressources du système. Le système et le procédé selon cette invention utilisent un mécanisme d'attribution de bande passante, tel qu'une logique d'insertion de trafic alterné (222), qui permet le multiplexage statistique de voix et de données, ou d'autres informations, à partir de la même voie de trafic, telle qu'un intervalle de temps dans un système à accès multiple par répartition dans le temps (TDMA), pendant des périodes d'inactivité détectée (208).
EP00963697A 1999-11-16 2000-09-21 Procede et appareil permettant d'ameliorer l'attribution de bande passante dans un systeme de communication sans fil Withdrawn EP1232580A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US44160499A 1999-11-16 1999-11-16
US441604 1999-11-16
PCT/US2000/025937 WO2001037451A1 (fr) 1999-11-16 2000-09-21 Procede et appareil permettant d'ameliorer l'attribution de bande passante dans un systeme de communication sans fil

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EP1232580A1 true EP1232580A1 (fr) 2002-08-21

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JP (1) JP2003514485A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001037451A1 (fr)

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EP1435746A1 (fr) * 2002-12-31 2004-07-07 Motorola, Inc. Système et methode d'attribution de canaux de transmission dans un système de communication
EP1435745A1 (fr) * 2002-12-31 2004-07-07 Motorola Inc. Procédé et appareil d'allocation d'un canal de communication
US8687542B2 (en) 2006-05-18 2014-04-01 Qualcomm Incorporated Method of improving throughput in a system including sticky assignments
US8599799B2 (en) * 2006-05-18 2013-12-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Method of improving throughput in a system including persistent assignments
US20080058004A1 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Motorola, Inc. System and method for reassigning an uplink time slot from a circuit-switched gprs mobile device to a different packet-switched gprs mobile device
US8693407B2 (en) * 2006-09-11 2014-04-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for keep-alive bits transmission
KR101395975B1 (ko) * 2007-01-31 2014-05-30 한국과학기술원 무선 통신 시스템에서 자원 스케줄링 방법

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JP3078177B2 (ja) * 1994-07-01 2000-08-21 三菱電機株式会社 無線装置
EP0756267A1 (fr) * 1995-07-24 1997-01-29 International Business Machines Corporation Méthode et système pour enlever des silences dans la communication vocale
US6031832A (en) * 1996-11-27 2000-02-29 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Method and apparatus for improving performance of a packet communications system
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WO2001037451A1 (fr) 2001-05-25
JP2003514485A (ja) 2003-04-15

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