EP1319260A1 - Koplanarer wellenleiterschalter - Google Patents
Koplanarer wellenleiterschalterInfo
- Publication number
- EP1319260A1 EP1319260A1 EP01955268A EP01955268A EP1319260A1 EP 1319260 A1 EP1319260 A1 EP 1319260A1 EP 01955268 A EP01955268 A EP 01955268A EP 01955268 A EP01955268 A EP 01955268A EP 1319260 A1 EP1319260 A1 EP 1319260A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection
- capacitor
- signal line
- capacitance
- waveguide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
- H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
- H01P1/127—Strip line switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H59/00—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays
- H01H59/0009—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics
Definitions
- Micromechanically manufactured high-frequency short-circuit switches consist of a thin metal bridge which is stretched between the ground lines of a coplanar waveguide. This bridge is electrostatically drawn onto a thin dielectric which is applied to the signal line, as a result of which the capacitance of the plate capacitor formed from the bridge and signal line is increased. This capacitance between the signal line and the ground line influences the propagation properties of the electromagnetic waves guided on the waveguide.
- the metal bridge In the "Off N" state (the metal bridge is below), a large part of the power is reflected. In the "on” state (the metal bridge is up) a large part of the power is transmitted.
- the device according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that the length of the metal bridge, ie the length of the second electrically conductive connection, does not depend on the spacing of the ground lines of the coplanar waveguide, ie the spacing of the Ground lines of the waveguide can be selected independently of the length of the second connection and vice versa.
- an RF microswitch with the features "short distance between the ground lines", “high operating frequency”, “large extension of the second connection, ie the metal bridge” and “low switching voltage” can be easily implemented.
- the inductance connected in series with the capacitor through the first electrically conductive connection between the ground lines of the coplanar waveguide is selected independently of the design of the signal line.
- first and second connections are metallic connections.
- all material-specific and process engineering advantages of using metals as electrically conductive connections are used according to the invention.
- the second connection is mechanically deformable such that the distance between the first connection and the second connection can be changed at least in a partial area of the second connection.
- a capacitor is thus produced with simple means, the capacitance of which can be changed.
- L5 Determine the distance of the ground lines of the coplanar waveguide.
- the insertion loss is also adjustable in this way '.
- Signal line and the ground lines forms. This makes it possible to provide different shapes and dimensions for the first connection, so that the inductance resulting from the first connection can be predetermined within wide limits.
- the common impedance of the first capacitance and the inductance essentially corresponds to their ohmic resistance 10 at an operating frequency. This makes it possible to have a particularly large one
- Isolation ie a particularly large reflection coefficient to achieve with the short-circuit switch turned off. It is also advantageous that approximately 77 GHz or approximately 24 GHz is provided as the operating frequency. This makes it possible to use the device according to the invention for ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) or SRR (Short Range Radar) applications.
- ACC Adaptive Cruise Control
- SRR Short Range Radar
- the predetermined length is provided such that reflections at a transition between the signal line and the second connection L0 are compensated for. As a result, the insertion loss of
- FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention with a
- FIG. 2 shows the device according to the invention with a capacitor in a sectional view along the section line C from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows the device according to the invention with a capacitor in a sectional view along section line A from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows the device according to the invention with a capacitor in a sectional view along section line B from FIG. 1,
- Figure 5 shows the device according to the invention with a capacitor in a perspective view
- FIG. 1 shows a micromechanical high-frequency short-circuit switch as an example of the device according to the invention with a capacitor.
- a coplanar waveguide is applied to a substrate 100.
- the coplanar waveguide consists in particular of three coplanar, electrically conductive lines which, at least locally, are guided essentially parallel to one another.
- the lines of the coplanar waveguide are in particular provided in a metallic manner and applied to the substrate in particular by means of one or more galvanic process steps.
- the substrate 100 has in particular the property of having a low loss angle.
- FIG. 1 shows a top view of a device of interest for the device according to the invention
- the two ground lines 110, 111 of the coplanar waveguide are connected by means of a first electrically conductive connection 130.
- the first connection 130 is in this case, for example, applied directly to the substrate 100 and has a low “height” in comparison to the “height” of the ground lines 110, 111, i.e. the first connection 130 connects the ground lines 110, 111 at their “foot” on the substrate 100.
- the first connection 130 In the area of the first connection 130 there is the
- connection 130 is also not connected to the signal line 120 in an electrically conductive manner.
- a layer of one in FIG. 1 is not on the first connection 130 in the area of the interruption of the signal line 120 dielectric shown applied.
- the interrupted signal line 120 is connected by means of a second electrically conductive connection 121.
- the second connection 121 is provided according to the invention in particular in the form of a metal connecting bridge between the ends of the interrupted signal line 120. According to the invention, however, the second connection 121 is provided at a certain distance from the plane of the substrate 100, the distance of the second connection 121 from the substrate 100 or from the first connection 130 corresponding approximately to the height of the signal line 120.
- the second connection 121 between the ends of the interrupted signal line 120.
- the second connection 121 is also referred to as a bridge or metal bridge 121.
- a line of intersection marked with the letter C a line of intersection marked with the letter C
- a second line of intersection marked with the letter A a third line of intersection marked with the letter B.
- the first line of intersection intersects the device according to the invention perpendicular to the course of the ground lines 110, 111 and the signal line 120 in the region of the first connection 130 between the ground lines 110, 111.
- the second cutting line intersects the device according to the invention parallel to the course of the lines 110, 111, 120 of the coplanar waveguide in the
- the third section line intersects the device according to the invention parallel to the course of the lines 110, 111, 120 of the coplanar waveguide in the area of the signal line 120 or - where the signal line 120 is interrupted - in the area of the second connection 121.
- FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of the device according to the invention along the first section line (letter C) from FIG. 1.
- the substrate 100 the first ground line 110 and the second ground line 111 of the coplanar waveguide are shown.
- the signal line 120 of the waveguide is arranged between the ground lines 110, 111 of the coplanar waveguide.
- the spatial arrangement of the first connection 130 and the second connection 121 is particularly clear in terms of their distance from the surface of the substrate 100.
- the first connection 130 is applied directly to the substrate 100 in FIG. 2, while the second connection 121 is applied to the signal line 120 and is therefore provided at a distance from the level of the signal or ground line 110, 111, 120 from the plane of the substrate 100 is.
- FIG. 3 shows the device according to the invention in a sectional illustration along the section line A from FIG. 1. Only the substrate 100 and the first ground line 110 are visible.
- FIG. 4 shows the device according to the invention along the third section line (letter B).
- the signal line 120 of the coplanar waveguide is provided on the substrate 100.
- the signal line 120 is interrupted over a predetermined length 122.
- the second connection 121 bridges the signal line 120.
- the second connection 121 connects the two ends of the signal line 120 caused by the interruption of the signal line 120.
- the second connection 121 is provided in the exemplary embodiment in particular at a distance from the substrate 100 which corresponds to the height of the signal line 120. 4 is the first connection
- the dielectric layer 140 already mentioned in connection with FIG. 1 is located above the first connection 130.
- the device according to the invention is shown in perspective.
- the first ground line 110 and the second ground line 111 of the waveguide are located on the substrate 100.
- the interrupted one is located between these ground lines 110, 111
- Signal line 120 The two ends of signal line 120 are bridged by second connection 121.
- the dielectric layer 140 is also shown in FIG. Those below the dielectric layer 140, i.e. towards the substrate 100, provided first
- Connection 130 between the ground lines 110, 111 is not shown in FIG. 5 because of the perspective illustration.
- FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the arrangement according to the invention.
- the two ground lines 110, 111 are shown only in the form of a single line of the coplanar waveguide. This is because the ground lines 110, 111 are at the same potential.
- the signal line 120 of the coplanar waveguide is also shown in FIG. 6.
- a capacitor 200 and an inductor 210 are arranged in series between the signal line 120 and the ground lines 110, 111.
- the capacitor 200 is at least partially realized by the first connection 130 and the second connection 121, both of which are not shown in FIG. 6.
- the capacitance of the capacitor 200 is provided to be changeable, specifically according to the invention in that the second connection 121 deforms mechanically and thus changes its distance from the first connection 130 at least in partial areas, which influences the capacitance of the capacitor 200.
- the inductance 210 is essentially realized by the first connection 130.
- an inductance is generated, which can be predetermined by changing the length-width ratio, the shape, for example meandering or the like.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show the mechanically deformable second connection 121 for the case in which the section of the coplanar waveguide shown has a high transmission coefficient and a low reflection coefficient.
- Connection 130 and the second connection 121 which together with the electrical properties of the
- Dielectric layer 140 decisively determine the capacitance of the capacitor 200 are shown in FIG. 4 with the maximum distance.
- the capacitance of the capacitor 200 is very small in this case and is decisive for the input damping of a short-circuit switch, for example.
- an electrical voltage for example a DC voltage
- the dielectric in particular silicon dioxide or silicon nitride, prevents galvanic contact of the device, in particular in the form of a switch, in the switched-off state.
- the capacitance of the capacitor 200 essentially formed from the first connection 130 and the second connection 121 changes, so that its capacitance becomes larger.
- the state (not shown in FIG. 4) of a second connection 121 drawn by an electrical voltage to the first connection 130 corresponds to a switch which is switched off. This is the case because it is provided according to the invention that the waveguide, which comprises the section shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, is operated at a predetermined operating frequency.
- the capacitance of the capacitor 200 assumes two capacitance values as a function of an electrical voltage between the two connections 130, 121, which are referred to below as the first capacitance value or also the first capacitance and as the second capacitance value or also the second capacitance.
- the first capacitance corresponds to the switched-off state, ie the first connection 121 is drawn to the first connection 130 due to the applied electrical voltage.
- the second capacitance thus corresponds to the switched-on case shown in FIG. 4, where the second connection 121 is not mechanically deformed.
- the first capacitance and the second capacitance are determined by varying in particular the width and length of the first connection 130 and the second connection 121 as well as the thickness and the material properties of the dielectric layer and the height of the signal line 120.
- the connections 130, 121, the dielectric layer 140 and the signal line 120 are dimensioned such that the impedance of a series connection of the first capacitance and an inductance formed by the first connection 130 in the Operating frequency is just canceled, or becomes as small as possible.
- the inductance 210 is essentially set by the dimensioning and shaping of the first connection 130 between the ground lines 110, 111 of the waveguide.
- the second connection 121 is a thin metal bridge that is stretched between the ends of the interrupted signal line 120 of the waveguide.
- the first connection 130 acts as a DC short circuit between the ground lines 110, 111.
- the first connection 130 acts with the second connection 121 as a plate capacitor.
- an inductance (at operating frequency) arranged in series with the plate capacitor can be set.
- a series resonant circuit is formed by the inductance in series with the plate capacitor, the resonance frequency of which, when the second connection 121 is switched off, is suitably dimensioned by
- Inductance and capacitance of the plate capacitor is at the operating frequency of the device.
- the impedance between signal line 120 and ground lines 110, 111 is greatly reduced compared to the impedance of the pure plate capacitor (without inductance), which significantly improves the insulation of a device designed as a high-frequency switch.
- the insulation is now limited by the ohmic losses in the second connection 121 and in the first connection 130.
- the device or the component or component at operating frequency is reduced by the reduced capacitance of the plate capacitor (second connection 121 or bridge 121 "). above ", ie operated at a relatively large distance from the substrate) outside this resonance frequency, so that there is no higher insertion loss.
- the length of the second connection 121 is suitably dimensioned (for example half of the effective wavelength at the operating frequency), the reflections at the joints or the transition points between the coplanar waveguide (ie the ends of the signal line 120) and the second connection 121 are compensated for , whereby the insertion loss of the device provided as a switch, for example, and thus the adaptation are improved.
- the length of the second connection 121 is not limited by a maximum distance between the ground lines at high operating frequencies. As a result, no increased switching voltage, ie voltage to be applied between the first and the second connection 130 121, has to be applied at higher operating frequencies.
- the operating frequency can be selected in the range of approximately 77 GHz or approximately 24 GHz. This is the inventive
- ACC Adaptive Cruise Control
- SRR Short Range Radar
Landscapes
- Waveguides (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10037385 | 2000-08-01 | ||
| DE10037385A DE10037385A1 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2000-08-01 | Vorrichtung mit einem Kondensator |
| PCT/DE2001/002757 WO2002011232A1 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2001-07-20 | Koplanarer wellenleiterschalter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1319260A1 true EP1319260A1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
| EP1319260B1 EP1319260B1 (de) | 2008-08-20 |
Family
ID=7650904
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01955268A Expired - Lifetime EP1319260B1 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2001-07-20 | Koplanarer wellenleiterschalter |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6686810B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1319260B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004505578A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20020035624A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10037385A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002011232A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10051311C1 (de) | 2000-10-17 | 2002-03-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung mit einer Kondensatoranordnung |
| DE10100296A1 (de) | 2001-01-04 | 2002-07-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung mit einem Kondensator mit veränderbarer Kapazität, insbesondere Hochfrequenz-Mikroschalter |
| DE10229038B4 (de) * | 2002-06-28 | 2013-08-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verkapptes Mikrostrukturbauelement mit Hochfrequenzdurchführung |
| WO2004006382A1 (de) | 2002-07-02 | 2004-01-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisches bauelement, insbesondere mikroelektronisches oder mikrroelektromechanisches hochfrequenzbauelement. |
| DE10342938A1 (de) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-04-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Bauteil zu Impedanzänderung bei einem koplanaren Wellenleiter sowie Verfahren zu Herstellung eines Bauelements |
| DE102006001321B3 (de) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-07-26 | Protron Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Mikromechanischer Hochfrequenz-Schalter für koplanare Wellenleiter |
| DE102007035633B4 (de) | 2007-07-28 | 2012-10-04 | Protron Mikrotechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung mikromechanischer Strukturen sowie mikromechanische Struktur |
| CN103474734B (zh) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-08-10 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | 电桥 |
| CA2852858A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-11-30 | C-Com Satellite Systems Inc. | Phase shifter |
| DE102019126433A1 (de) | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-17 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Übertragungsleitungsstrukturen für Millimeterwellensignale |
| US11515609B2 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2022-11-29 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Transmission line structures for millimeter wave signals |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5087896A (en) * | 1991-01-16 | 1992-02-11 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Flip-chip MMIC oscillator assembly with off-chip coplanar waveguide resonant inductor |
| US5619061A (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 1997-04-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Micromechanical microwave switching |
| US5528203A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-06-18 | Endgate Corporation | Coplanar waveguide-mounted flip chip |
| CA2211830C (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2002-08-13 | Cindy Xing Qiu | Miniature electromagnetic microwave switches and switch arrays |
| KR100344790B1 (ko) * | 1999-10-07 | 2002-07-19 | 엘지전자주식회사 | 마이크로 기계구조를 이용한 주파수 가변 초고주파 필터 |
-
2000
- 2000-08-01 DE DE10037385A patent/DE10037385A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-07-20 EP EP01955268A patent/EP1319260B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-20 JP JP2002516855A patent/JP2004505578A/ja active Pending
- 2001-07-20 US US10/089,618 patent/US6686810B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-20 DE DE50114251T patent/DE50114251D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-20 KR KR1020027004157A patent/KR20020035624A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-20 WO PCT/DE2001/002757 patent/WO2002011232A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0211232A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50114251D1 (de) | 2008-10-02 |
| US6686810B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 |
| EP1319260B1 (de) | 2008-08-20 |
| KR20020035624A (ko) | 2002-05-11 |
| WO2002011232A1 (de) | 2002-02-07 |
| DE10037385A1 (de) | 2002-02-14 |
| US20030030505A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
| JP2004505578A (ja) | 2004-02-19 |
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