EP1321342A1 - Eisenbahngüterwagen und Verfahren zum Transport von Satellanhängern - Google Patents
Eisenbahngüterwagen und Verfahren zum Transport von Satellanhängern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1321342A1 EP1321342A1 EP01129395A EP01129395A EP1321342A1 EP 1321342 A1 EP1321342 A1 EP 1321342A1 EP 01129395 A EP01129395 A EP 01129395A EP 01129395 A EP01129395 A EP 01129395A EP 1321342 A1 EP1321342 A1 EP 1321342A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- freight wagon
- wagon
- railway freight
- semitrailer
- rail
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
- B61D45/008—Shock absorbing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
- B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
- B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
- B61D3/182—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers
- B61D3/184—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers the heavy vehicles being of the trailer or semi-trailer type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
- B61D45/001—Devices for fixing to walls or floors
- B61D45/004—Fixing semi-trailers
- B61D45/005—Fixing semi-trailers by using fifth wheel locks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a railway freight wagons for the transport of semi-trailers as well as a method for transporting semitrailers Railway freight wagons according to the generic terms of the independent Claims.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a rail freight wagon for the transport of semi-trailers and a method of transporting semitrailers to provide with rail freight wagons, which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art or at least partially avoid them.
- the railway freight wagons for the transport of semi-trailers a footprint, which is designed to Pick up the trailer’s wheels and a trestle, which is used to support the fifth wheel of the semitrailer provided in the vertical direction during transport is on.
- the trestle is like this on the rail freight wagon attached and designed so constructively, that he is able under normal operating conditions is, everyone for transportation on this rail freight wagon provided semitrailers, i.e. also the heaviest semitrailers intended for transport, without the help of wheel rims or other horizontal Fasteners horizontally in and / or against the intended direction of travel on his kingpin at the predetermined location on the rail freight wagon to keep.
- the normal driving, coupling and uncoupling and the understood normal shunting operations including the casserole of the rail freight wagon at a speed of 7 km / h on a baffle or another railroad car.
- the railway freight wagon is the attachment of the trestle on the rest of the railway freight wagon, that the trestle changes when a certain one is exceeded permissible, from the semitrailer or from its kingpin on this tractive and / or pushing force, which are horizontal in or against the intended Direction of travel is directed horizontally in Direction of this pulling or pushing force in relation to the rail freight wagon and thus opposite the contact area can move without its vertical support function too to lose.
- This shift can be temporary or be permanent, so it's either just a degradation the stress on the kingpin or, in the case of a permanent postponement, additionally indicates that an abnormal or impermissible stress occurred during transport.
- the support frame is preferably in this Embodiment of this type on the rest of the rail freight wagon attached that he is in and / or contrary to the intended Direction of travel by means of guidance, e.g. Slide rails, can be moved horizontally but is preferably interchangeable Proppants, e.g. preloaded coil springs or crash elements, under normal operating conditions is prevented from such a shift and thus under these normal operating conditions compared to the other rail freight wagons and opposite their footprint is fixed.
- Proppants e.g. preloaded coil springs or crash elements
- the support means advantageously comprise Damping elements, preferably hydraulic dampers, such as. hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers, friction dampers, such as. Shear friction damper, due to deformation damping elements or combinations from how, e.g. Crash elements. That way released energy at least partially eat up and limit any reset reactions.
- Damping elements preferably hydraulic dampers, such as. hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers, friction dampers, such as. Shear friction damper, due to deformation damping elements or combinations from how, e.g. Crash elements. That way released energy at least partially eat up and limit any reset reactions.
- crash elements are preferred as damping elements of the support means, since these a damping effect by both friction and Develop deformation and are therefore able to consuming a lot of energy.
- the support means are advantageously made up exclusively of crash elements preferably such that seen in the direction of travel A crash element in front of and behind the trestle is arranged. This results in a special one simple and inexpensive construction.
- the trestle of the rail freight wagon is designed in such a way that its saddle height is above the footprint for the wheels of the semitrailer to be transported is adjustable, preferably in Stages.
- This saddle height can advantageously at least between two of the following, in Europe typical saddle heights for semitrailers varies be: 1130mm, 980mm, 850mm.
- inventive Railway freight wagons of this type can also be used without additional adapter elements practically all in Europe transport known semitrailers.
- the rail freight wagon has end buffers, which are dimensioned such that the rail freight wagon when loaded with half its maximum payload at one Bake up at a speed of 7 km / h Impactor a maximum delay of less than 1g, preferably experiences less than 0.8g. This leaves there is a risk of overstraining the kingpin one transported by rail freight wagon Semitrailer during shunting or coupling and uncoupling operations significantly reduce.
- the rail freight wagon is a low-floor wagon with a riot height of its footprint above the top edge of the rail of less than 400 mm, preferably designed smaller than 350 mm, which means also large-volume jumbo semitrailers in compliance have the specified clearance profiles transported.
- the rail freight wagon is called a pocket wagon designed, this results in particularly stable constructions, because they protrude beyond the footprint Side walls decisive for the rigidity of the freight car contribute.
- the rail freight wagon as a double carriage, preferably as an articulated double carriage to design, with advantage with three Bogies is equipped.
- Such a construction allows the compilation of railway car compositions with large transport capacity at the same time small train length.
- the railway freight wagon is designed in such a way that at least two such freight wagons form a railway wagon composition can be put together which one in the longitudinal direction with the wheels the with it semitrailers to be carried over and by the front side forms a passable area.
- a Such a design enables loading and unloading of the Railway freight wagons according to the invention also with non-craneable ones Semitrailers using gantry tractors.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a Process for transporting semitrailers on rail freight wagons, this one without a tractor on the railway freight wagon is arranged.
- the Semitrailer in horizontal transport Direction with its kingpin with the rail freight wagon connected so that during transportation between the semitrailer and the rail freight wagon occurring horizontal tensile and / or shear forces essentially over the kingpin on the Semitrailers are transmitted.
- the kingpin is moved to one of the rail freight wagons provided support bracket attached and this trestle is held in this way on the rail freight wagon, that together with the semitrailer Exceeding a certain one to be transported Semitrailer or its kingpin horizontally in the intended direction of travel onto the support frame exerted tractive and / or pushing force temporarily or staying in a horizontal direction opposite the rail freight wagon shifts.
- This can cause stress of the kingpin and reduced in certain Limits also an impermissible stress on the same be prevented.
- There may also be a permanent shift serve as an indicator of impermissible stress.
- the trestle is preferably such on the rail freight wagon held that he was at a horizontal Tractive and / or pushing force of 260 kN, preferably of 300 kN begins to shift since a larger one Number of load changes with greater than these forces could damage the kingpin.
- the process becomes the rail freight wagon with final buffers equipped which the maximum delay that the rail freight wagon loaded with his half maximum payload and with an overrun at 7 km / h on a baffle block in the horizontal direction limit a value of 1g, preferably 0.8g. hereby can the danger of overuse of the Kingpin during maneuvering or coupling and uncoupling operations significantly reduce.
- the part of the articulated double car shown is a footprint 1 for the wheels of the semitrailer 3 and also has a stepless one Scissor mechanism height-adjustable support frame 2, which cannot be changed at a position above the front bogie is arranged and on which the towing saddle of the semitrailer 3 in the vertical direction is supported.
- the towing pin of the semitrailer 3 is form-fitting in the horizontal direction connected to the trestle 2 and provides the only connection in the horizontal direction between the semitrailer 3 and the articulated double carriage, so that all in horizontal direction between semitrailers 3 and Forced articulated double carriages only transmitted via the trestle 2 and the kingpin become.
- the support bracket 2 is structurally such designed and attached to the articulated double carriage, that he is under normal operating conditions between the semitrailer 3 and the articulated double wagon acting horizontally in and against the direction of travel F. Tractive and shear forces safely on the kingpin of the Semitrailer 3 can transmit without it becoming one Change of position of the semitrailer on the articulated double wagon comes.
- Fig. 3 which one Vertical section in the longitudinal direction through the support frame 2 and by attaching it to the articulated double carriage, the scissor mechanism of the trestle 2 by a Base plate 7 worn, which with guide means 4, the are designed as guide rails 4, in and against the intended direction of travel F can be moved if this shifting motion wasn't through one each seen in the direction of travel F before and after the trestle 2 arranged support means 5, which consists of a individual crash element 5, would be prevented.
- Such crash elements are commercially available, e.g. from Schwab consortiumtechnik AG, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.
- the crash elements 5 are interchangeable and installed without play in the direction of travel F, so that the Support frame 2 in the situation shown in all Fixed directions with the rest of the articulated double car connected is.
- the crash elements 5 are present Case dimensioned such that when horizontal tensile or shear forces on the support frame 2 from more than 260 kN each with pressure force Crash element 5 from the base plate 7 with the arranged support frame 2, which extends along the Guide rails 4 moves, is pushed together.
- This value of 260 kN roughly corresponds to a delay of a 38 t semi-trailer with 0.7g.
- FIG. 4 which one a longitudinal section through one of the crash elements 5 shows, pushes the inner tube 8 of the crash element 5 an expansion sleeve 9 in the outer tube 10 of the Crash elements 5, with plastic expansion of the same.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
- Chain Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- Eisenbahngüterwagen zum Transport von Sattelanhängern (3), mit einer Aufstandsfläche (1) für die Räder des Sattelanhängers (3) und mit einem Stützbock (2) zur Abstützung des Zugsattels des Sattelanhängers (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stützbock (2) konstruktiv derartig ausgestaltet und am Eisenbahngüterwagen befestigt ist, dass die während dem Transport unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen zwischen dem Sattelanhänger (3) und dem Eisenbahngüterwagen wirkenden horizontal gerichteten Zug- und/oder Schubkräfte gesamthaft über den Stützbock (2) auf den Zugsattelzapfen des Sattelanhängers (3) übertragbar sind.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stützbock (2) derartig am Eisenbahngüterwagen befestigt ist, dass er sich bei Überschreitung einer bestimmten, vom Zugsattelzapfen des zu transportierenden Sattelanhängers (3) horizontal in oder entgegen bestimmungsgemässer Fahrtrichtung (F) auf diesen ausgeübten zulässigen Zug- und/oder Schubkraft vorübergehend oder bleibend horizontal in Richtung der Zug- und/oder Schubkraft gegenüber der Aufstandsfläche (1) verschieben kann, zur Verringerung der Beanspruchung des Zugsattelzapfens und/oder zur Anzeige einer unzulässigen Beanspruchung desselben, und insbesondere, dass diese zulässige Zug- und/oder Schubkraft kleiner oder gleich derjenigen Schubkraft ist, die ein schwerster mit dem Eisenbahngüterwagen zu transportierender Sattelanhänger (3) erzeugt, wenn er in bestimmungsgemässer Fahrtrichtung (F) mit 0.6g, insbesondere mit 0.8g verzögert wird.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stützbock (2) mit Führungsmitteln (4) horizontal in und/oder entgegen der bestimmungsgemässen Fahrtrichtung (F) verschiebbar am Eisenbahngüterwagen angeordnet ist und durch Stützmittel (5) gegen ein Verschieben entlang der Führungsmittel (4) bei normalen Betriebsbedingungen gesichert ist, wobei die Stützmittel (5) derartig ausgelegt sind, dass sie bei Überschreitung der zulässigen Zug- und/oder Schubkraft nachgeben und dadurch eine Verschiebung des Stützbocks (2) entlang der Führungsmittel (4) ermöglichen.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützmittel (5) Federn, insbesondere vorgespannte Spiralfedern umfassen.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützmittel (5) Dämpfungselemente umfassen, insbesondere hydraulische Dämpfer, Reibungsdämpfer, durch Deformation wirkende Dämfungselemente und/oder Kombinationen daraus.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämpfungselemente derartig ausgestaltet sind, dass sie bei Ausübung ihrer Dämpfungsfunktion irreversibel verändert, insbesondere plastisch verformt werden.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämpfungselemente Crash-Elemente (5) sind, welche bei Ausübung ihrer Dämpfungsfunktion eine Dämpfung sowohl durch Reibung als auch durch plastische Verformung bewirken.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützmittel (5) ausschliesslich von Crash-Elementen (5) gebildet sind und insbesondere, dass in Fahrtrichtung (F) gesehen vor und hinter dem Stützbock (2) jeweils genau ein Crash-Element (5) angeordnet ist.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufsattelhöhe des Stützbocks (2) über der Aufstandsfläche (1) einstellbar ist, insbesondere in mehreren Stufen einstellbar ist, und insbesondere, dass die Aufsattelhöhe stufenweise auf 1130 mm, 980 mm und/oder 850 mm über der Aufstandsfläche (1) einstellbar ist.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eisenbahngüterwagen mit Puffern (6) ausgerüstet ist, welche die maximale Verzögerung des mit halber Maximalnutzlast beladenen Eisenbahngüterwagens bei Auflauf mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 7 km/h auf einen Prallbock auf einen Wert kleiner 1g, insbesondere kleiner 0.8g beschränken.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eisenbahngüterwagen als Niederflurwagen ausgestaltet ist, derart, dass die Aufstandshöhe für die Räder des Sattelanhängers (3) über Schienenoberkante (S) kleiner ist als 400 mm, insbesondere kleiner als 350 mm.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eisenbahngüterwagen als Taschenwagen ausgestaltet ist.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eisenbahngüterwagen als Doppelwagen, insbesondere als Gelenk-Doppelwagen ausgestaltet ist, und insbesondere, dass dieser mit drei Drehgestellen ausgerüstet ist.
- Eisenbahngüterwagen nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eisenbahngüterwagen derartig ausgestaltet ist, dass eine aus mehreren solchen Eisenbahngüterwagen gebildete Eisenbahnwagenkomposition eine in Längsrichtung mit den Rädern der zu transportierenden Sattelanhänger (3) überfahrbare und von der Stirnseite her befahrbare Fläche aufweist.
- Verfahren zum Transport von Sattelanhängern (3) auf Eisenbahngüterwagen, wobei der Sattelanhänger ohne Zugmaschine auf dem Eisenbahngüterwagen angeordnet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sattelanhänger (3) zur im wesentlichen vollständigen Übertragung der während dem Transport zwischen dem Sattelanhänger (3) und dem Eisenbahngüterwagen wirkenden horizontal gerichteten Zug- und/oder Schubkräften über seinen Zugsattelzapfen mit dem Eisenbahngüterwagen verbunden wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zugsattelzapfen an einem Stützbock (2) des Eisenbahngüterwagens befestigt wird und der Stützbock (2) zusammen mit dem Sattelanhänger (3) bei Überschreitung einer bestimmten, vom zu transportierenden Sattelanhänger (3) horizontal in bestimmungsgemässer Fahrtrichtung (F) auf den Stützbock (2) ausgeübten Zugund/oder Schubkraft vorübergehend oder bleibend in horizontaler Richtung gegenüber dem Eisenbahngüterwagen verschoben wird zur Herabsetzung der Beanspruchung des Zugsattelzapfens und/oder zur Anzeige einer unzulässigen Beanspruchung desselben, und insbesondere, dass dieses Verschieben bei Überschreiten einer horizontalen Zugund/oder Schubkraft von 260 kN, insbesondere 300 kN erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eisenbahngüterwagen mit Puffern (6) ausgerüstet wird, welche die max. Verzögerung des mit halber Maximallast beladenen Eisenbahngüterwagens bei einem Auflaufstoss mit 7 km/h auf einen Prallbock auf einen Wert kleiner 1g, insbesondere kleiner 0.8g beschränken.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT01129395T ATE485205T1 (de) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Eisenbahngüterwagen und verfahren zum transport von sattelanhängern |
| DE50115669T DE50115669D1 (de) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Eisenbahngüterwagen und Verfahren zum Transport von Sattelanhängern |
| EP01129395A EP1321342B1 (de) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Eisenbahngüterwagen und Verfahren zum Transport von Sattelanhängern |
| AU2002353348A AU2002353348A1 (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2002-12-17 | Railway wagon for transporting semi-trailers |
| PCT/IB2002/005431 WO2003051698A1 (de) | 2001-12-18 | 2002-12-17 | Eisenbahngüterwagen zum transport von sattelanhängern |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01129395A EP1321342B1 (de) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Eisenbahngüterwagen und Verfahren zum Transport von Sattelanhängern |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1321342A1 true EP1321342A1 (de) | 2003-06-25 |
| EP1321342B1 EP1321342B1 (de) | 2010-10-20 |
Family
ID=8179497
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01129395A Expired - Lifetime EP1321342B1 (de) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Eisenbahngüterwagen und Verfahren zum Transport von Sattelanhängern |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1321342B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE485205T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2002353348A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE50115669D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003051698A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3168878A (en) * | 1963-07-10 | 1965-02-09 | Gen Am Transport | Hitches for road semi-trailers |
| US3181480A (en) * | 1959-03-09 | 1965-05-04 | Pullman Inc | Long travel cushioned fifth wheel stand |
| FR1474173A (fr) * | 1966-02-10 | 1967-03-24 | Cimt Comp Ind Mat Transport | Support de réception et d'amarrage, réglable et amorti, de cheville ouvrière d'une semi-remorque routière ou charge analogue, transportée sur wagon ferroviaire |
| FR92411E (fr) * | 1966-03-09 | 1968-11-08 | Cie Ind De Materiel De Transpo | Wagons transporteurs de semi-remorques routières, avec agencement de protection contre chocs |
-
2001
- 2001-12-18 DE DE50115669T patent/DE50115669D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-18 EP EP01129395A patent/EP1321342B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-18 AT AT01129395T patent/ATE485205T1/de active
-
2002
- 2002-12-17 WO PCT/IB2002/005431 patent/WO2003051698A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-17 AU AU2002353348A patent/AU2002353348A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3181480A (en) * | 1959-03-09 | 1965-05-04 | Pullman Inc | Long travel cushioned fifth wheel stand |
| US3168878A (en) * | 1963-07-10 | 1965-02-09 | Gen Am Transport | Hitches for road semi-trailers |
| FR1474173A (fr) * | 1966-02-10 | 1967-03-24 | Cimt Comp Ind Mat Transport | Support de réception et d'amarrage, réglable et amorti, de cheville ouvrière d'une semi-remorque routière ou charge analogue, transportée sur wagon ferroviaire |
| FR92411E (fr) * | 1966-03-09 | 1968-11-08 | Cie Ind De Materiel De Transpo | Wagons transporteurs de semi-remorques routières, avec agencement de protection contre chocs |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50115669D1 (de) | 2010-12-02 |
| ATE485205T1 (de) | 2010-11-15 |
| WO2003051698A1 (de) | 2003-06-26 |
| EP1321342B1 (de) | 2010-10-20 |
| AU2002353348A1 (en) | 2003-06-30 |
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