EP1761728B1 - Procede de reglage du coefficient d'air dans un appareil de combustion et appareil de combustion - Google Patents

Procede de reglage du coefficient d'air dans un appareil de combustion et appareil de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1761728B1
EP1761728B1 EP05766826.1A EP05766826A EP1761728B1 EP 1761728 B1 EP1761728 B1 EP 1761728B1 EP 05766826 A EP05766826 A EP 05766826A EP 1761728 B1 EP1761728 B1 EP 1761728B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mass flow
gas
air
firing device
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05766826.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1761728A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Geiger
Ulrich Geiger
Rudolf Tungl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Original Assignee
Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202004017850U external-priority patent/DE202004017850U1/de
Priority claimed from DE102004030300A external-priority patent/DE102004030300A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102004055715.2A external-priority patent/DE102004055715C5/de
Application filed by Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH filed Critical Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Publication of EP1761728A1 publication Critical patent/EP1761728A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1761728B1 publication Critical patent/EP1761728B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/16—Measuring temperature burner temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
    • F23N2225/30—Measuring humidity measuring lambda
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/14—Fuel valves electromagnetically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firing device, in particular a gas burner, which is adapted to carry out the method.
  • the household gas burners are used for example as a water heater for the preparation of hot water in a boiler or to provide heating. In the respective operating conditions, different requirements are placed on the device. This relates in particular to the output of the burner, commonly referred to as the burner load, and the temperature generated by the burner flame.
  • the burner load is essentially determined by the adjustment of the amount of combustion air and the mixing ratio between gas and air.
  • the Adjustment of the mixing ratio takes place, in particular for gas burners used in the household, by a pneumatic gas control valve (principle of the pneumatic composite).
  • pneumatic control pressures or pressure differences are measured at orifices, in constrictions or in venturi nozzles. These quantities are used as control variables for the gas control valve.
  • a disadvantage of the pneumatic control is in particular that sensitive mechanical components must be used, which are subject to hysteresis effects due to the friction. Therefore, especially at low working pressures it comes to inaccuracies.
  • the expense of manufacturing the diaphragm-equipped pneumatic gas control valves is remarkable because of the high precision requirements.
  • an easily controllable gas control valve such as pulse width modulated coil or stepper motor, can be used to set in conjunction with a variable speed fan the desired amount of air and the desired gas-air mixing ratio (electronic composite). It is possible to respond flexibly to changes in gas quality.
  • the air ratio ⁇ is typically used to characterize the mixing ratio between gas and air. It is defined as the ratio of the actual amount of air supplied to the amount of air theoretically required for optimal stoichiometric combustion.
  • CO, CO 2 exhaust gas values
  • gas burners are typically operated with excess air.
  • the setpoint for the air ratio ⁇ s is 1.3 for hygienically optimal combustion.
  • US 5971745 also describes a method for setting operating parameters on a firing device by means of an ionization electrode.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to the main claim and by a device according to claim 6.
  • the amount of fuel supplied per unit time is changed continuously or stepwise at a constant rate of air supplied per unit time.
  • the amount of fuel supplied per unit time is adjusted so that the measured temperature assumes a maximum.
  • the amount of air supplied per unit time is increased while maintaining the previously set amount of fuel using the air mass flow sensor by the factor ⁇ hy .
  • a structurally suitable blending geometry can reduce the increase of the amount of gas to a negligible value.
  • a control device can reset the gas mass flow to the value m Gtmax found at T max by means of a corresponding admission of the gas valve without constructive adaptation.
  • a readjustment of the air ratio should be made to ensure the hygienically optimal combustion.
  • An adjustment of the air ratio can be carried out, for example, at periodic intervals, during a load change, at the start of operation, or during maintenance of the device.
  • the firing device according to the invention in particular a gas burner, is adapted to carry out one of the above-mentioned methods.
  • the firing device has a temperature sensor in the area of action of the burner flame of the firing device.
  • the temperature sensor can be arranged in the flame kernel, at the base of the flame, at the tip of the flame, but also at some distance from the flame, for example at the burner plate itself.
  • the firing device preferably has a gas valve with an actuator, in particular with a stepper motor, a pulse-width-modulated coil or with a coil controlled by an electrical variable. Since the method is particularly suitable for the electronic composite, said valves, which are simple and precise operable, can be used.
  • the firing device has a mass flow sensor for measuring the amount of air supplied to the firing device per unit time.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gas burner in which a mixture of air L and gas G is premixed and burned.
  • the gas burner has an air supply section 1, via which combustion air L is drawn in by a variable-speed fan 9.
  • a mass flow sensor 2 measures the mass flow of the intake air L.
  • the mass flow sensor 2 is arranged so that as laminar a flow as possible is generated in its environment in order to avoid measurement errors.
  • the mass flow sensor could be placed in a bypass (not shown) and using a flow straightener. With the aid of the mass flow sensor and the variable-speed blower 9, the air supply into the mixing region 8 can be precisely controlled.
  • a gas supply section 4 is provided, which is connected to a gas supply line.
  • the gas supply section may be provided with a mass flow sensor of suitable design.
  • a valve 6 for example a pulse-width-modulated or electronically controlled valve, which is equipped, for example, with an actuator with a stepping motor, the inflow of gas through a line 7 into the mixing region 8 is controlled.
  • a mixing of the gas G with the air L takes place.
  • the fan of the fan 9 is equipped with an adjustable Speed driven to suck in both the air L and the gas G.
  • the valve 6 is opened so far that the air-gas mixture passes with the desired mixing ratio in the mixing region 8.
  • the air ratio ⁇ is set so that a hygienically optimal combustion takes place.
  • the air-gas mixture flows from the blower 9 to the burner part 11. There it exits and feeds the burner flame 13, which is to deliver a predetermined heat output.
  • a temperature sensor 12 for example a thermocouple
  • an actual temperature is measured, which is used in carrying out the method described below for setting the setpoint ⁇ h of the air ratio.
  • the temperature sensor 12 is arranged on a surface of the burner part 11.
  • the reference temperature of the thermocouple is measured at a position outside the effective range of the flame 13, for example in the air supply line 1.
  • a device, not shown, for controlling or regulating the air and / or gas flow receives input data from the temperature sensor 12 and from the mass flow sensor 2 and outputs control signals to the valve 6 as well as to the drive of the blower 9.
  • the opening of the valve 6 and the speed of the fan of the fan 9 are adjusted so that the desired air and gas supply results.
  • control device has a memory for storing characteristic curves or nominal values and a corresponding data processing unit which is set up to carry out the method.
  • a certain air ratio ⁇ 0 which corresponds for example to the last set value.
  • ⁇ 0 is above the value ⁇ 1 , at which the temperature maximum T max results.
  • the change in the gas mass flow can be carried out stepwise, for example, by varying the steps of the stepping motor of the gas valve.
  • the actual temperature T ist determined with the temperature sensor 12, which is arranged in the region of the burner flame.
  • the opening of the gas valve is then varied until the temperature maximum T max is established.
  • the air mass flow m L1 is increased by the desired value ⁇ hy of the air ratio.
  • the air ratio is thus set exactly to the desired setpoint ⁇ hy , and the combustion is hygienically optimal.
  • the associated temperature T soll is measured.
  • the process is usually carried out again.
  • the process can also be performed after switching on the gas burner or repeated at periodic intervals. In this way it is ensured that the gas burner is always operated in an optimal range.
  • FIG. 3 a second characteristic, as in FIG. 3 shown to be determined.
  • the set temperature T soll which is like in FIG. 2 has been determined, depending on the air mass flow m L1 , which is directly proportional to the burner load, shown.
  • the setpoint of the air ratio ⁇ hy arises at a certain burner load exactly when the measured in the range of action of the burner flame temperature T is from the FIG. 3 read target temperature T soll corresponds.
  • a regulation of the actual temperature T is set to the predetermined target value T soll automatically leads to a setting of the optimum air ratio at a given burner load.
  • characteristic curve can be operated over a certain period of time, in which preferably the boundary conditions are not crucial, the system without re-implementation of the method with changing burner loads, ie in different operating conditions.
  • the characteristic curve should be redetermined in order to adapt to the available gas quality or instabilities in the system Reach system.
  • FIG. 3 is the Sölltemperatur T soll in dependence on the mass flow of air m L , which corresponds to a certain burner load, represented. If the load is switched from an operating state 1 to an operating state 2, corresponding to the air mass flows m L1 or m L2 , then the temperature of the gas burner is controlled so that the temperature T soll2 sets. For this purpose, the air-gas mixture is emaciated or greased by adjusting the gas valve 6.
  • the implementation of the method leads to an operating mode in which a hygienically optimal combustion is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour le réglage des paramètres de fonctionnement sur un dispositif de mise à feu, en particulier sur un brûleur à gaz avec un ventilateur, avec une mesure pour la masse d'air, dans lequel la température (Tactual) produit par le dispositif de mise à feu étant dépendante de la valeur du rapport d'air (λ) et ayant une valeur maximale (Tmax) à la valeur λ1 = 1, comprenant les étapes consistant à:
    - commander un débit massique d'air prédéfini (mL);
    - établir le débit massique de gaz (mGTmax) correspondant à la tempérture (Tmax);
    - la définition d'une valeur nominale pour le rapport d'air (λhy) pour un combustion hygiénique souhaitée ;
    - le contrôle de la combustion hygiénique souhaitée en augmentant le débit massique d'air (mL) par le facteur (λhy) avec une alimentation constante du débit massique de gaz (mGTmax).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique d'air (mLhy) correspondant à la valeur hygiénique souhaitée (λhy) pour le rapport d'air est commandé en changeant la vitesse du ventilateur du ventilateur.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique d'air (mL) et le débit de masse de gaz (mG) sont mesurés respectivement par un capteur de débit massique.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique de gaz (mGTmax) correspondant à la température maximale (Tmax) est établie par approximation itérative de la valeur du débit-masse de gaz (mG) de la valeur (mGTmax) correspondant à la température maximale.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de consigne (λhy) pour le rapport d'air est d'environ 1,3.
  6. Dispositif de mise à feu, en particulier un brûleur à gaz, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise à feu comprenant un capteur de température (12) dans la zone d'action de la flamme du brûleur (13) du dispositif de mise à feu et au moins un capteur de débit massique (2, 5) destiné à mesurer la quantité d'air fournie au dispositif de mise à feu par unité de temps, de sorte que le dispositif de mise à feu est adapté pour exécuter ledit procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  7. Dispositif de mise à feu selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise à feu comporte une vanne (6) avec un organe de réglage pour le réglage du débit massique de gaz (mG), en particulier avec un moteur pas à pas, une bobine électrique de sorte d'une modulation d'impulsions en largeur ou par une grandeur électrique.
  8. Dispositif de mise à feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise à feu comporte au moins un capteur de début massique (2, 5) pour mesurer la quantité de gaz fourni par unité de temps et / ou la quantité de mélange d'air et de gaz fourni.
EP05766826.1A 2004-06-23 2005-06-20 Procede de reglage du coefficient d'air dans un appareil de combustion et appareil de combustion Expired - Lifetime EP1761728B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004017850U DE202004017850U1 (de) 2004-06-23 2004-06-23 Feuerungseinrichtung
DE102004030300A DE102004030300A1 (de) 2004-06-23 2004-06-23 Verfahren zur Einstellung eines Betriebsparameters einer Feuerungseinrichtung und Feuerungseinrichtung
DE102004055715.2A DE102004055715C5 (de) 2004-06-23 2004-11-18 Verfahren zur Einstellung von Betriebsparametern an einer Feuerungseinrichtung und Feuerungseinrichtung
PCT/EP2005/006628 WO2006000367A1 (fr) 2004-06-23 2005-06-20 Procede de reglage du coefficient d'air sur un dispositif de chauffage et dispositif de chauffage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1761728A1 EP1761728A1 (fr) 2007-03-14
EP1761728B1 true EP1761728B1 (fr) 2014-11-19

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Country Link
US (1) US7922481B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1761728B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101157652B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2571522C (fr)
WO (1) WO2006000367A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

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CA2571522C (fr) 2013-11-12
US7922481B2 (en) 2011-04-12
US20090017403A1 (en) 2009-01-15
WO2006000367A1 (fr) 2006-01-05
EP1761728A1 (fr) 2007-03-14
KR101157652B1 (ko) 2012-06-18
CA2571522A1 (fr) 2006-01-05
KR20070043727A (ko) 2007-04-25

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