Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F210/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
  • C08F210/08—Butenes
  • C08F210/10—Isobutene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
  • C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers

Definitions

• amphiphilic block copolymers for the preparation of polymer blends
• the present invention relates to the preparation of polymer blends using amphiphilic block copolymers which comprise polyisobutene blocks and polyoxyalkylene blocks as compatibilizers.
• Polymer blends are used to specifically alter the property profile of polymers, for example to increase the impact strength, softness, density or hydrophilicity of a polymer.
• polymer blends are used to specifically alter the property profile of polymers, for example to increase the impact strength, softness, density or hydrophilicity of a polymer.
• Polymer blends can be prepared by melting or at least softening polymers with heating and intensive mixing in suitable mixing units, for example in an extruder.
• the miscibility can be improved here by polymeric compatibilizers; Under certain circumstances, blends even form only in the presence of a suitable compatibilizer.
• suitable compatibilizers see N. G. Gaylord, J. Macromol. Be. Chem., 1989, A26 (8), 1211-1229.
• EP-A 0 527 390 discloses the use of block or graft copolymers of styrene and dienes, preferably butadiene or isoprene, as compatibilizers in blends of polystyrene and polyolefins.
• the compatibilizer is used in an amount of 2 to 25% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
• Blends of polyethylene and polypropylene are known in principle.
• US 4,632,861 discloses a blend of 65 to 95 wt.% Polyethylene of a density of 0.90 to 0.92 g / cm 3 , a melting temperature of less than 107 0 C and a melt flow index of at least 25 with 5 to 35 wt.% Polypropylene with a melt flow index of at least 4 and a nonuniformity M w / M n of at least 4.
• US 6,407,171 discloses a blend of polyethylene having a melting point of at least 75 ° C, a degree of crystallinity of at least 10%, a nonuniformity M w / M n of more than 4 and of polypropylene having a melt flow index of at least 500 g / min at 230 0 C and a melting temperature of at least 125 ° C.
• the blend preferably contains from 90 to 99.9% by weight of polyethylene.
• the production of the polyethylene is carried out by means of metallocene catalysis. For both blends, no compatibilizer is used in the manufacture. Disadvantageously, however, only special polyethylenes or polypropylenes can be used. In addition, especially polyethylene-rich polymers are available.
• US 5,804,286 discloses blends of polyethylene and polypropylene and their use for the production of nonwovens.
• polyethylene LLDPE having a density of about 0.92 to 0.93 is used.
• compatibilizer the use of propylene copolymers and terpolymers is proposed.
• Kim et al. J. Appl. Polym. Sei., 1993, 48, 1271 disclose blends of 80% polypropylene, 10% polyethylene and 10% ethylene-propylene or ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers as compatibilizers.
• Plawky et al. Macromolecuar Symposia, 1996, 102, 183 discloses blends of isotactic polypropylene and LLDPE in the ratio 4: 1 and 5 to 20 wt.% SEBS rubber as compatibilizer.
• P. Rajalingam et al. Proceedings ANTEC 1992, p.
• WO 86/00081 discloses block copolymers which are prepared by reacting C 8 to C 30 alkenyl succinic anhydride with at least one water-soluble straight-chain or branched polyalkylene glycol. The reaction products are used as thickeners for aqueous liquids.
• WO 02/94889 discloses diblock copolymers which can be prepared by reacting a succinic anhydride substituted by a polyisobutylene group with polar reactants such as, for example, polyalkylene glycols. Furthermore, the Use of the products described as emulsifiers for water-in-oil emulsions, as additives in fuels and lubricants or as a dispersant in solid dispersions.
• WO 04/35635 discloses the block copolymers which can be prepared by reacting a succinic anhydride substituted with a polyisobutyten group with polar reaction partners such as, for example, polyalkylene glycols and the use of these block copolymers as auxiliary agents for coloring hydrophobic polymers.
• aqueous polymer dispersions which are stabilized by di-, tri- or multiblock copolymers of polyisobutene units and polyoxyalkylene units.
• the object of the invention was to provide compatibilizers for the preparation of polymer blends which, even in small amounts, lead to a good and rapid mixing of the polymers used and which are as universal as possible. They should be particularly suitable for the production of polypropylene / polyethylene blends.
• block copolymers as compatibilizers for the preparation of blends of at least two different polymers has been found, wherein the block copolymers
• hydrophobic block (A) which is composed essentially of isobutene units, as well as
• polymer blends comprising at least two different polymers as well as said block copolymers have been found. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, these are blends of polypropylene and other polymers.
• amphiphilic block copolymers used according to the invention as compatibilizers for producing blends have at least one hydrophobic block (A) and at least one hydrophilic block (B).
• the blocks (A) and (B) are interconnected by means of suitable linking groups.
• the blocks (A) and (B) can each be linear or also have branches.
• Block copolymers of this type are known and their preparation can be carried out starting from starting compounds and methods which are known in principle from the person skilled in the art.
• the hydrophobic blocks (A) are essentially composed of isobutene units. They are obtainable by polymerization of isobutene. However, the blocks may still have minor comonomers other than building blocks. Such devices can be used for fine control of the properties of the block.
• comonomers are, in addition to 1-butene and cis- or trans-2-butene, especially isoolefins having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 2-methyl-1-butene-1, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 2-Me - thyl-1-hexene, 2-ethyl-1-pentene, hexene 2-Ethy 1-1 and 2-propyl-1-heptene or Vinylaro- maten such as styrene and ⁇ -methyl styrene, Ci-C 4 alkylstyrenes such as 2 , 3- and 4-methylstyrene and 4-tert-butylstyrene.
• isoolefins having 5 to 10 carbon atoms such as 2-methyl-1-butene-1, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 2-Me - thyl-1-hexene, 2-ethyl-1-pentene, hexene 2-Ethy 1-1 and
• the proportion of such comonomers should not be too large. As a rule, their amount should not exceed 20% by weight, based on the amount of all the building blocks of the block.
• the blocks may also contain the initiators used to start the polymerization. Starter molecules or fragments thereof.
• the polyisobutenes thus prepared may be linear, branched or star-shaped. They can have functional groups only at one chain end or at two or more chain ends.
• Functionalized polyisobutenes can be prepared starting from reactive polyisobutenes by providing them with functional groups in single-stage or multistage reactions which are known in principle to those skilled in the art.
• the term "reactive polyisobutene” is understood by the person skilled in the art to mean polyisobutene which has a very high proportion of terminal ⁇ -olefin end groups.
• the preparation of reactive polyisobutenes is also known and described for example in detail in the already cited documents WO 04/9654, pages 4 to 8, or in WO 04/35635, pages 6 to 10.
• Preferred embodiments of the functionalization of reactive polyisobutene include:
• the molar mass of the hydrophobic blocks A is determined by the skilled person depending on the desired application.
• the hydrophobic blocks (A) in each case an average molar mass M n of 200 to 10,000 g / mol.
• M n is preferably from 300 to 8000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 400 to 6000 g / mol and very particularly preferably from 500 to 5000 g / mol.
• the hydrophilic blocks (B) are composed essentially of oxyalkylene units.
• oxyalkylene units are in a manner known in principle to units of the general formula -R 1 -O-.
• a hydrophilic block may also comprise several different oxyalkylene units.
• the hydrophilic blocks may also comprise further structural units, such as, for example, ester groups, carbonate groups or amino groups. They may furthermore also comprise the initiator or starter molecules or fragments thereof used for starting the polymerization. Examples include terminal groups R 2 - O-, where R 2 has the meaning defined above.
• the hydrophilic blocks comprise as main components ethylene oxide units - (CH 2 ) 2 -O- and / or propylene oxide units -CH 2 -CH (CHs) -O, while higher alkylene oxide units, ie those with more than 3 C atoms, only in small amounts are available for fine adjustment of the properties.
• the blocks may be random copolymers, gradient copolymers, alternating or block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units.
• the amount of higher alkylene oxide units should not exceed 10% by weight, preferably 5% by weight.
• the hydrophilic blocks B are obtainable in a manner known in principle, for example by polymerization of alkylene oxides and / or cyclic ethers having at least 3 C atoms and optionally further components. They can also be prepared by polycondensation of di- and / or polyalcohols, suitable initiators and optionally further monomeric components.
• alkylene oxides as monomers for the hydrophilic blocks B include ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and furthermore 1-butene oxide, 2,3-butene oxide, 2-methyl-1,2-propene oxide (isobutene oxide), 1-pentene oxide, 2,3-pentene oxide , 2-methyl-1, 2-butene oxide, 3-methyl-1, 2-butene oxide, 2,3-hexene oxide, 3,4-hexene oxide, 2-methyl-1, 2-pentenoxide, 2-ethyl-1 , 2-butene oxide, 3-methyl-1, 2-pentenoxide, decene oxide, 4-methyl-1, 2-pentenoxide, styrene oxide or be formed from a mixture of oxides of technically available raffinate streams.
• cyclic ethers include tetrahydrofuran. Of course, mixtures of different alkylene oxides can be used. Depending on the desired properties of the block, the person skilled in the art makes a suitable choice among the monomers or further components.
• the hydrophilic blocks B may also be branched or star-shaped. Such blocks are available by using starter molecules with at least 3 arms. Examples of suitable initiators include glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or ethylenediamine.
• alkylene oxide units The synthesis of alkylene oxide units is known to the person skilled in the art. Details are detailed in, for example, "Polyoxyalkylenes" by Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6 th Edition, Electronic Release.
• the molar mass of the hydrophilic blocks B is determined by the skilled person depending on the desired application.
• the hydrophilic blocks (B) each have an average molar mass M n of 500 to 20,000 g / mol.
• M n is preferably from 1000 to 18000 g / mol, more preferably from 1500 to 15000 g / mol, and most preferably from 2500 to 8000 g / mol.
• the synthesis of the block copolymers used according to the invention can preferably be carried out by first preparing the hydrophilic blocks B separately and reacting them in a polymer-analogous reaction with the functionalized polyisobutenes to form block copolymers.
• the building blocks for the hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks in this case have complementary functional groups, i. Groups that can react with each other to form linking groups.
• the functional groups of the hydrophilic blocks are of course preferably OH groups, but they may also be, for example, primary or secondary amino groups. OH groups are particularly suitable as complementary groups for reaction with PIBSA.
• the synthesis of the blocks B can also be carried out by reacting polar functional groups containing polyisobutenes (ie, blocks A) directly with alkylene oxides to form blocks B.
• the structure of the block copolymers used in the present invention can be influenced by selecting the kind and amount of the starting materials for the blocks A and B and the reaction conditions, particularly the order of addition.
• the blocks A and / or B may be terminally arranged, i. only be connected to another block, or they may be connected to two or more other blocks.
• the blocks A and B may be linearly linked together in an alternating arrangement.
• any number of blocks can be used.
• several blocks can follow each other, for example ABAB, BABA, ABABA, BABAB or ABABAB.
• it may be star-shaped and / or branched block copolymers or comb-like block copolymers, in which more than two blocks A are each bound to a block B or more than two blocks B to a block A.
• they may be block copolymers of the general formula AB m or BA m , where m is a natural number> 3, preferably 3 to 6 and particularly preferably 3 or 4.
• AB m is a natural number> 3, preferably 3 to 6 and particularly preferably 3 or 4.
• [A] -Sy polyisobutene with y groups S (y> 3)
• the OH groups can be linked together in a manner known in principle with the succinic anhydride groups S to form ester groups.
• the reaction can be carried out, for example, while heating in bulk. Suitable, for example, reaction temperatures of 80 to 15O 0 C.
• triblock copolymers A-B-A are readily prepared by reacting one equivalent of HO- [B] -OH with two equivalents of [A] -S. This is illustrated below by way of example with complete formulas.
• An example is the reaction of PIBSA and a polyethylene glycol:
• n and m stand independently of each other for natural numbers. They are selected by the person skilled in the art so that the initially defined molar masses result for the hydrophobic or hydrophilic blocks.
• Star-shaped or branched block copolymers BA x can be obtained by reacting [B] - (OH) x with x equivalents [A] -S.
• the resulting block copolymers may also have residues of starting materials, depending on the preparation conditions.
• they can be mixtures of different products.
• triblock copolymers of the formula ABA may also contain two-block copolymers AB as well as functionalized and unfunctionalized polyisobutene.
• these products can be used without further purification for the application.
• the products can also be cleaned. The person skilled in cleaning methods are known.
• the block copolymers described are used according to the invention for producing blends of at least two different polymers. They can be used, for example, to prepare blends from the following polymers:
• ABS / PA ABS / PA
• ABS / PPO ABS / TPU
• ABS / EPDM ABS / SMA (styrene-maleic anhydride)
• PC / ABS (with increased acrylonitrile content), PC / SAN, PC / polyester, PC / PMMA,
• PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
• PVDF / PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• PPE polyphenylene ether
• the block copolymers described can also be used for the preparation of so-called bimodal blends, in which, although polymers having substantially the same monomers but having significantly different molecular weights are to be blended with one another.
• so-called bimodal blends in which, although polymers having substantially the same monomers but having significantly different molecular weights are to be blended with one another.
• block copolymers suitable as compatibilizers are selected by the person skilled in the art for preparing the blends. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that a single type of compatibilizer is not equally well suited for all types of polymer blends. It is a very particular advantage of the block copolymers used according to the invention that, starting from a few basic components, compatibilizers suitable for the respective application can be put together virtually in the modular principle. Of course, mixtures of different compatibilizers can be used.
• the length of the blocks A and / or B i. their molar mass can be adjusted specifically for a particular use.
• the composition of the hydrophilic blocks B can be used to adjust the degree of hydrophilicity of the B blocks.
• the degree of hydrophilicity can be set, for example, simply by the ratio of ethylene oxide units to propylene oxide units or higher alkylene oxides.
• triblock copolymers of the ABA type Preference is given to using triblock copolymers of the ABA type, two-block copolymers AB, as well as star-shaped block copolymers having terminal hydrophobic blocks A, for example BA 3 or BAr copolymers. Furthermore, mixtures of two-block copolymers with triblock copolymers can be used.
• unpurified, technical products can be used.
• a mixture obtained by reacting 2 equivalents of functionalized polyisobutene with one equivalent of a polyoxyalkylene can be obtained which comprises triblock copolymers ABA, but also two-block copolymers and also Contains starting material.
• the respective amounts can be influenced by the choice of reaction conditions.
• the amount of compatibilizer used will be selected by the skilled artisan depending on the blends desired. It is dependent on the polymers used a certain minimum amount necessary to achieve the desired good mixture. In the case of the compatibilizers used according to the invention, even 0.05% by weight, based on the total amount of all components of the blend, may be sufficient. Too high a proportion should be avoided so that the compatibilizer does not adversely affect the properties of the blend. As a rule, amounts of from 0.05 to 10% by weight with respect to the total amount of all the components of the blend have proven successful. Preferably, the amount is 0.2 to 5 wt.%, Particularly preferably 0.3 to 3 wt.%, Very particularly preferably 0.4 to 2 wt.% And for example, about 0.5 wt.%.
• the compatibilizers used according to the invention are preferably used as sole compatibilizers, but it is of course also possible to use the compatibilizers mixed with further compatibilizers other than the described block copolymers.
• the preparation of the blends can be carried out in a manner known in principle by heating and intensive mixing of the polymers and the compatibilizer by means of suitable apparatuses.
• suitable apparatuses for example, kneaders, single-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders or other dispersing aggregates can be used.
• the discharge of the molten polymer blend from the mixing units can take place in a manner known in principle via nozzles.
• strands can be formed and cut into granules.
• the molten mass can also be formed directly, for example by injection molding or blow molding into shaped bodies.
• the compatibilizer or the mixture of different compatibilizers can preferably be added in substance to the polymers, but they can also be added in solution.
• At least one compatibilizer can also initially be mixed with a portion of the polymers used with heating and the resulting polymer-compatibilizer concentrate is mixed with the remainder of the polymers with heating in a second step.
• a typical concentrate may contain from 5 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 30% by weight, of the compatibilizer.
• the temperature for mixing is chosen by a person skilled in the art and depends on the type of polymers used. On the one hand, the polymers should sufficiently soften, so that thorough mixing is possible. On the other hand, they should not be too thin, because otherwise sufficient shear energy input can no longer take place and, under certain circumstances, thermal degradation is also to be feared. As a rule, temperatures of 120 to 300 0 C can be applied, without the invention being limited thereto. It proves to be particularly advantageous here that the block copolymers used according to the invention have high thermal stability.
• the blends can also contain typical auxiliaries and / or additives in addition to the polymers and the compatibilizers.
• auxiliaries include colorants, antistatic agents, biocides, UV absorbers, stabilizers or fillers.
• a homogeneous blend can be obtained much faster.
• the shear energy input can be reduced without loss of quality.
• single-screw extruders are generally sufficient to produce the blends of the invention.
• Twin screw extruders are usually not required without their use should be excluded.
• the block copolymers are particularly suitable for the preparation of blends in which at least one of the polymers is a polyolefin, preferably blends of different polyolefins.
• the polyolefins may also be copolymers of different olefins.
• blends comprising polyethylene and polypropylene, especially blends of polyethylene and polypropylene.
• polyethylene or "polypropylene” may hereby stand for ethylene or propylene homopolymers. Of course, the terms also encompass polymers which essentially consist of ethylene or propylene and, in addition, comprise small amounts of other monomers, in particular other olefins, for fine control of the properties.
• the polyethylene may be, for example, LDPE 1 HDPE or LLDPE.
• the compatibilizers used according to the invention are also particularly suitable for producing blends of polypropylene and HDPE.
• the choice of polypropylene is not limited. They can be high and low density products. Particularly viscous and viscous polypro- Pylene be processed with a high melt flow index. For example, it can be polypropylene having a melt flow index MFR (23O 0 C, 2.16 kg) of less than 40 g / 10 min.
• the used PE and PP can be pure products or recycled material.
• Particularly advantageous for blending polypropylene and polyethylene are three-block copolymers ABA from PIBSA and polyethylene glycols, in which the mean molar mass M n of the two A blocks is 350 to 3000 g / mol and that of the B middle block 1500 to 15000 g / mol, preferably 4000 to 12000 g / mol.
• the compatibilizer is in this application usually in an amount of 0.1 wt.% To 2 wt.%, Preferably 0.15 to 1, 5 wt.% And particularly preferably 0.3 to 1, 2 wt.%, Respectively used based on the amount of all components of the blend.
• Polyethylene and polypropylene can be veneered in any proportions. Preferably, however, mixtures can be veneered which comprise at least 50% by weight of polypropylene.
• Table 1 contains a summary of preferred compositions
• Tab. 1 Composition of preferred PE / PP blends (all data in% by weight)
• the PP / PE blend can be used, for example, for fiber blends, multilayer film and molded articles.
• the compatibilizers used according to the invention can be used to produce blends of recycled polyethylene or recycled polypropylene.
• blends with good technical properties can be obtained from recycling mixtures of polyethylene and polypropylene.
• particularly preferred embodiment of the invention are blends of polyolefins and polyesters, in particular of blends of polypropylene and polyester.
• the polyesters are in particular PET.
• Polypropylene and polyester can be veneered in any proportions. Preferably, however, mixtures can be veneered which comprise at least 50% by weight of polypropylene.
• the compatibilizer is in this application usually in an amount of 0.1 wt.% To 2 wt.%, Preferably 0.15 to 1.5 wt.% And particularly preferably 0.2 to 1 wt.%, Each based on the amount of all components of the blend used. Higher amounts of the compatibilizers used according to the invention generally no longer improve the miscibility, but may worsen the mechanical properties.
• Valence vibration at 1730; C C stretching vibration at 1642; further vibrations of the PIB framework: 1470, 1387, 1365, 1233; Ether vibration of Pluriol at 1106.
• HD polyethylene (HDPE 5862 N; Dow Chemical)
• the polypropylene granules with the compatibilizer in an amount of 10 wt.% was premixed with respect to the sum of polymer and compatibilizer, the mixture intimately mixed at 170 0 C jacket temperature in the screw and the hot mixture discharged through a nozzle from the extruder. It is also possible to choose jacket temperatures of 160 to 220 ° C. This gives a strand with a diameter of about 0.2 cm, which cools when passing through a water bath. The cooled strand was processed to a granulate (particle size about 0.2 cm x 0.2 cm). This granules thus produced is obtained as an intermediate and used again in the following steps.
• polypropylene polymer 1
• HD polyethylene polymer 2
• the threads are stored irregularly on a conveyor belt and transported wei ⁇ tert.
• the webs of the polymer blend thus prepared were solidified by a calender under pressure at a temperature of 125 ° C.
• the nonwoven fabric thus obtained was rolled up and the properties of the textile fabric were determined.
• polypropylene Polymer 1
• polyester PET, Polymer 3
• the polymer blend was intimately mixed in the screw, discharged from the extruder through a die, and processed as above.
• the jacket temperature was in these experiments between 200 0 C and 260 ° C. This gives a strand with a diameter of about 0.2 cm, which cools when passing through a water bath.
• the cooled strand was processed to a granulate (particle size about 0.2 cm x 0.2 cm).
• the granules were shaped into a bone-shaped measuring body (measured on the basis of ISO 527-2: 1993).
• the amounts of the components in the blend and the tensile elongation are given in Table 3.
• Polypropylene-PET blends of 10, 25 and 50% by weight were prepared.
• the amount of the compatibilizer was 0.4% for the 10% blend and 1.0% for the 25% blend.
• the two polymers blended each excellent and gave blends of excellent quality.
• the concentration of the compatibilizer was varied in the case of the 50:50 mixture.
• Table 3 Properties of polypropylene-PET blends. Quantities in each case in% by weight.
• Another mixture of 90% PP and 10% PET with 0.5% compatibilizer was additionally spun through a fine nozzle, stretched and entangled on a knitting machine to form a textile surface fabric, without resulting in tearing of threads.

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