Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
  • C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
  • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
  • B01D17/0217—Separation of non-miscible liquids by centrifugal force
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
  • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
  • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
  • B01D17/042—Breaking emulsions by changing the temperature
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes

Definitions

• the invention relates, in general, the techniques related to the respect of the environment.
• the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a process for treating fatty waste consisting essentially of a fatty fraction, an aqueous fraction, and a residual fraction, this process comprising at least heating operations. , circulation and fractionation respectively of heating the waste at least until the fat fraction melts, to circulate this waste from a sampling station to a fractionation station in a circuit including a pipe of useful volume constant, and to separate the different fractions of this waste.
• the present invention applies, inter alia, to the fatty waste from agri-food industries and in particular to waste from settling works, manufacturing refusals and cleaning effluents of these industries.
• the invention also applies to waste from food service establishments and food preparation and waste from urban or industrial wastewater pretreatment works such as degreasers and de-oilers. Such waste is usually collected when maintaining separation, retention or storage structures.
• the fatty waste contains fatty substances of animal and / or vegetable origin, pure or mixed, intact or partially or wholly hydrolyzed, and essentially have three fractions: - a first aqueous fraction containing dissolved or suspended substances, a second particulate organic fraction, emulsified, diffuse or supernatant, consisting of fats, and a third fraction or residual fraction, containing organic or inorganic particles, in suspension, supernatant or sedimented (tissues, meal reliefs, plant debris, paper, plastics, glass, metal objects including cutlery, gravel, ).
• the present invention aims to provide a method and a waste treatment facility offering a better compromise in solving the problems of their implementation.
• the method of the invention is essentially characterized in that the heating operation is carried out by heating the waste exclusively during their circulation in said pipe of constant useful volume.
• the invention is based on the discovery of the fact that that the treatment of this waste could dispense with such temporary storage.
• the heating operation is partially carried out by heating the fatty waste to be treated with the aqueous fraction from previously fractionated fatty waste.
• the method of the invention further comprises a screening and grinding operation, preferably carried out before the heating operation.
• This process may also include a coagulation-flocculation operation of the aqueous fraction from fractionated fatty waste and leading to the production of pre-purified water and hydrated sludge.
• a coagulation operation can also be performed before fractionation.
• this method comprises a phase separation operation carried out on the hydrated sludge, this phase separation operation consisting in separating, at least partially, the liquid and solid phases of these hydrated sludge.
• the invention also relates to an installation for the treatment of fatty waste essentially consisting of a fat fraction, an aqueous fraction, and a residual fraction, this installation comprising at least one boiler, a waste collection station, a fractionation station, a circuit including a pipe of constant useful volume for circulating the waste between the sampling station and the fractionation station, and at least one heat exchanger for heating the waste, this installation being characterized in that each heat exchanger is installed on said pipeline.
• This installation comprises at least one exchanger of a first type, each exchanger of the first type receiving, as heat transfer fluid, water heated by the boiler.
• this installation also comprises at least one exchanger of a second type, each exchanger of the second type receiving, as heat transfer fluid, the aqueous fraction from previously fractionated fatty waste.
• This installation may also include a pretreatment unit disposed upstream of the sampling station and comprising at least screening means of the greasy waste.
• This installation may further comprise a pretreatment unit, possibly the same as above, arranged upstream of each exchanger and comprising at least one means for fatty waste and means of filtration of greasy wastes.
• the plant of the invention may also comprise a post-treatment unit of the aqueous fraction from previously fractionated fatty waste, this unit comprising at least dynamic separation means.
• the post-treatment unit further comprises a coagulation-flocculation tank, arranged upstream of the dynamic separation means.
• the boiler is preferably designed to be able to burn at least one other fuel than this fat fraction. .
• the invention relates to an installation for the treatment of fatty waste 1 which consists essentially of a fat fraction, an aqueous fraction, and a residual fraction, as well as the method used in this installation. .
• This installation comprises at least, in a manner known per se from the aforementioned French patent FR 2 720 014, a boiler 2, a waste collection station 3, a fractionation station 4, a circuit including a pipe 5, and one or more heat exchangers such as 61 to 63.
• the sampling station 3 comprises for example a storage tank 30 receiving the waste 1 to be treated previously screened, and possibly that coagulation agents, a pump 31 immersed in the tank 30 and adapted to ensure forced circulation of waste 1 in the channel 5 so that the waste occupies the entire internal volume, and one or more brewing devices 32.
• the fractionation station 4 is for example essentially constituted by a three-phase centrifugal decanter, for separating the fatty waste into a fatty organic phase 11, a liquid phase 12, and a solid phase 13.
• the boiler 2 produces the thermal energy necessary to heat the greasy waste at least until the melting of the fat fraction 11, this thermal energy being transmitted to the waste via the heat exchangers 61 to 63.
• each of the heat exchangers is installed on the pipe 5, the waste to be treated being thus only heated while they circulate in this pipe.
• the illustrated installation comprises three exchangers, 61, 62, and 63, that the pipe 5 carrying the waste 1 passes in this order.
• the exchanger 63 receives, as heat transfer fluid, water heated by the boiler 2, while each of the heat exchangers 61 and 62 receives, as heat transfer fluid, the aqueous fraction 12 from waste previously fractionated grease.
• the waste 1 typically passes from a temperature of the order of 20 ° C. to a temperature of approximately 40 ° C. while passing through the exchanger 61, leaving the exchanger 62 at approximately 60 ° C., leaving the exchanger 63 at about 85 ° C, and thus reach the same temperature at the fractionation station 4.
• the aqueous fraction 12 coming from the fractionation station 4 is conveyed via a pipe 50 to the exchanger 62 which it reaches at a temperature of approximately 85 ° C., and then leaves the exchanger 62 at a temperature of about 60 0 C, and the exchanger 61 at a temperature of about 35 ° C.
• the installation advantageously comprises a pretreatment unit 7 disposed upstream of the fractionation station, and preferably also upstream of the exchangers 61 to 63 in the direction of waste circulation.
• This pretreatment unit The main function of this pretreatment unit is to calibrate the waste in particular to prevent clogging of the fractionation station 4 and the pipe 5.
• the pretreatment unit 7 typically comprises a self-decolouring screen cleaner 71 and a grinding machine 72 of the greasy waste, this filter and this machine being for example arranged upstream of the tank 30 of the sampling station.
• the plant of the invention also comprises a post-treatment unit 8 of the aqueous fraction 12 derived from previously fractionated fatty waste.
• This unit operates for example two successive stages of treatment, allowing the purification of the aqueous fraction 12 and its discharge either in a natural environment or in a sewerage network.
• the post-processing unit 8 advantageously comprises a coagulation-flocculation tank 81, and dynamic separation means 82, arranged downstream of the tank and making it possible to separate the liquid phase 120 and the solid phase 121 initially. contained in the aqueous fraction 12 having undergone coagulation-flocculation.
• the first step of the aftertreatment which is carried out in the tank 81, consists in eliminating, by physico-chemical means, the pollution of the aqueous fraction 12 by the addition of P products suitable for ensuring the coagulation- flocculation of the particles contained in this aqueous fraction 12.
• This first step leads to the production of hydrated sludge and a pre-purified water which is then subjected to an additional purification treatment by biological means intended to reduce the dissolved organic load, before rejection of this water. .
• the second stage of the post-treatment which is carried out on hydrated sludge, for example by means of a centrifugal decanter 82, makes it possible to obtain dehydrated liquid and biological sludge which is discharged to an appropriate outlet, and of a dewatering water that undergoes the same treatment of complementary purification as the pre-purified water.
• the fat fraction 11 may possibly be burned in the boiler 2, but it may also be subject to external recovery. In this event, it is advisable to provide that the boiler 2 provided for heating the waste is designed to be able to burn at least one other fuel than the fat fraction 11, for example gas or fuel oil.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
• Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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Family Cites Families (6)

• 2007
  • 2007-01-19 FR FR0700385A patent/FR2911514B1/fr active Active
• 2008
  • 2008-01-08 CN CN200880002543A patent/CN101626817A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-01-08 US US12/523,688 patent/US20100089835A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-01-08 WO PCT/FR2008/050026 patent/WO2008107576A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-01-08 EP EP08761903A patent/EP2109487A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-01-08 JP JP2009545981A patent/JP2010516443A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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