EP2215012A1 - Procédé amélioré de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux - Google Patents

Procédé amélioré de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux

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Publication number
EP2215012A1
EP2215012A1 EP08848803A EP08848803A EP2215012A1 EP 2215012 A1 EP2215012 A1 EP 2215012A1 EP 08848803 A EP08848803 A EP 08848803A EP 08848803 A EP08848803 A EP 08848803A EP 2215012 A1 EP2215012 A1 EP 2215012A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formamide
catalytic dehydration
reactor
reaction
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08848803A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Boehling
Andreas Deckers
Thomas Schneider
Guenther Achhammer
Hermann Luyken
Peter Pfab
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP08848803A priority Critical patent/EP2215012A1/fr
Publication of EP2215012A1 publication Critical patent/EP2215012A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01C3/02—Preparation, separation or purification of hydrogen cyanide
    • C01C3/0204—Preparation, separation or purification of hydrogen cyanide from formamide or from ammonium formate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00783—Laminate assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a stack of plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
    • B01J2219/00822—Metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
    • B01J2219/00835—Comprising catalytically active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00851—Additional features
    • B01J2219/00858—Aspects relating to the size of the reactor
    • B01J2219/0086—Dimensions of the flow channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide in a tubular reactor constructed from at least one reaction channel in which the catalytic dehydration takes place, wherein the reaction channel has an inner surface made of a material having an iron content of ⁇ 50 % By weight, and in the reaction channel no additional catalysts and / or internals are present, and the at least one reaction channel has a mean hydraulic diameter of 1 to 6 mm.
  • the present invention relates to a reactor constructed from at least two parallel, superimposed layers A and B, the layer A at least two mutually parallel reaction channels having a mean hydraulic diameter of 1 to 6 mm, preferably> 1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably> 1 to 3 mm, and the layer B has at least two channels arranged parallel to one another with an average hydraulic diameter of ⁇ 4 mm, preferably 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 mm, of a heat - flowed through the metrika, wherein the reaction channels have an inner surface, which are composed of a material having an iron content of ⁇ 50 wt .-%, and in the reaction channels no additional catalysts and / or internals are present, and the use of the invention Reactor for the production of hydrogen cyanide by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide.
  • Hydrocyanic acid is an important basic chemical used as starting material in many organic syntheses such as the production of adiponitrile, methacrylic acid esters, methionine and complexing agents (NTA, EDTA). In addition, hydrocyanic acid is required for the production of alkali cyanides used in the mining and metallurgical industries.
  • Ammonia is washed out with sulfuric acid from the raw gas. Due to the high selectivity, however, only very little ammonium sulfate is obtained.
  • ammonia formed catalyzes the polymerization of the desired hydrocyanic acid and thus leads to an impairment of the quality of the hydrocyanic acid and a reduction in the yield of the desired hydrocyanic acid.
  • EP-A 0 209 039 discloses a process for the thermolytic cleavage of formamide on highly sintered alumina or alumina-silica moldings or on high-temperature corrosion-resistant chromium-nickel-stainless steel moldings.
  • the prior art discloses other processes for the production of hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide.
  • WO 02/070 588 relates to a process for the preparation of hydrogen cyanide by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide in a reactor having an inner reactor surface made of a steel containing iron and chromium and nickel, wherein the reactor preferably no additional internals and / or Contains catalysts.
  • a process for the production of hydrogen cyanide by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide is disclosed in which from the product mixture upon dehydration, a formamide-containing reflux is recovered and recycled to the dehydration, wherein the formamide-containing recycle stream 5 to 50 wt. - contains% water.
  • the cracking reactors used are generally heated with rolling gas which is heated by means of flue gas. Because of the associated poor heat transfer on the fuel gas side in combination with the amount of heat required for dehydration usually high heat exchange surfaces are required for coupling the heat required for the dehydration of formamide. The same applies to the heat transfer in the usual technical tube dimensions of generally 10 to 100 mm inner diameter for the reaction side. In addition, a mass transport limitation occurs on the reaction side on. The reactors therefore represent a considerable part of the investment costs due to their necessarily high heat exchange surface.
  • microstructured reactors are known, which have the advantages of a high heat transfer performance per area and a compact design. Such microstructured reactors have been commercially available in the art for laboratory applications. A comprehensive summary of the prior art is e.g. in V. Hessel, S. Hardt, H. Leo, Chemical Micro Process Engineering, 2004, Wiley VCH.
  • microstructured reactors for the production of HCN is mentioned in the following prior art, wherein the production of HCN by dehydration of formamide is not mentioned.
  • DE-A 10 2005 051637 discloses a special reactor system comprising a microstructured reactor having a reaction zone for carrying out high temperature gas phase reactions, the reaction zone being heated by means of a heat source.
  • the heat source is a contactless heater.
  • the reactor system is suitable for high-temperature catalytic gas-phase applications, wherein the HCN synthesis according to the Andrussow method (oxidation of a mixture of ammonia and methane at about 1 100 0 C on a Pt catalyst (generally a Pt network with 10% Rh)), according to the Degussa-BMA method (catalytic conversion of ammonia and methane to hydrocyanic acid and hydrogen at about 1100 0 C) and the Shavinigan method (reaction of propane and ammonia in the absence of a catalyst at temperatures of generally > 1500 0 C, in which the heat of reaction with the aid of a directly heated fluidized bed of coal particles is supplied) is mentioned.
  • An essential aspect of DE-A 10 2005 05 1637 is to provide a suitable heat source for a microstructured reactor suitable for high temperature gas phase reactions.
  • These typical high-temperature gas phase reactions differ significantly from the procedural point of view of the process for producing hydrocyanic acid by means of formamide cleavage, which comprises two stages, namely the evaporation of liquid at room temperature formamide (boiling point: 210 0 C) and the subsequent catalytic cleavage to hydrocyanic acid and water (catalytic dehydration).
  • the cleavage of formamide is generally carried out at substantially lower temperatures compared to the abovementioned processes for the preparation of hydrogen cyanide.
  • tures of usually 350 to 650 0 C.
  • a catalytically active metal in particular selected from Pt, Pd, Rh, Re, Ru or mixtures or alloys of these metals on a so-called “washcoat", which is usually alumina or hydroxide, is applied.
  • DE-A 199 45 832 discloses a modular microreactor which is constructed from a housing, a housing cover and catalytically active, exchangeable units.
  • the microreactor should be suitable for high temperature reactions at temperatures up to 1400 ° C.
  • Exemplary syntheses mentioned are the synthesis of ethene by methane coupling, the HCl oxidation according to the Deacon process and the HCN synthesis according to the Degussa process and according to the Andrussow process.
  • An essential aspect of the microreactor disclosed in DE-A 199 45 832 is the exchangeability of the individual components, in particular of the catalytically active internals, of the reaction module. In contrast, no catalytically active internals are required in the process for the preparation of hydrocyanic acid by formamide decomposition, but it is sufficient if the inner wall of the reactor is catalytically active.
  • the material used for the microreactor is preferably ceramic.
  • the object of the present invention over the above-mentioned prior art is therefore to provide a process for the production of hydrogen cyanide by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide, which has high conversions and high selectivity to the desired hydrocyanic acid and economically sufficient in reactors with a compact design long service life of the reactor can be operated.
  • This object is achieved by a process for producing hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of formamide in a tubular reactor comprising at least one reaction channel in which the catalytic dehydration takes place, the reaction channel having an inner surface consisting of a material having an iron content. proportion of> 50 wt .-% is constructed, and in the reaction channel no additional catalysts and / or internals, solved.
  • the method according to the invention is then characterized in that the at least one reaction channel has an average hydraulic diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm, preferably> 1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably> 1 to 3 mm.
  • the hydraulic diameter d h is a theoretical quantity with which calculations can be made on pipes or channels of non-circular cross-section.
  • the hydraulic diameter is the quotient of the fourfold flow cross section A and the wetted circumference U of a measuring cross section:
  • the mean hydraulic diameter relates in each case to a reaction channel of the reactor used according to the invention.
  • the inner surface of the reaction channel is meant the surface of the reaction channel which reacts with the reactants, i. et al with the gaseous formamide, in direct contact.
  • a tube reactor which comprises at least one reaction channel having a mean hydraulic diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm, preferably> 1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably> 1 to 3 mm, in which the catalytic dehydration takes place , and at least one channel with a mean hydraulic diameter of ⁇ 4 mm, preferably 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 mm, which is flowed through by a heat transfer medium is constructed.
  • the heat transfer medium is a suitable heating medium for heat coupling. Suitable heating media are known to the person skilled in the art. Suitable heating media are, for example, flue gases with Wälzgasniklauf.
  • the tubular reactor is constructed of at least two parallel, superimposed layers A and B, wherein the layer A at least two parallel reaction channels with a mean hydraulic diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm, preferably> 1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably preferably> 1 to 3 mm, in which the catalytic dehydration takes place, and the layer B at least two mutually parallel channels having a mean hydraulic diameter of ⁇ 4 mm, preferably 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 up to 2 mm, which are flowed through by a heat carrier has.
  • the layer A at least two parallel reaction channels with a mean hydraulic diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm, preferably> 1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably preferably> 1 to 3 mm, in which the catalytic dehydration takes place
  • the layer B at least two mutually parallel channels having a mean hydraulic diameter of ⁇ 4 mm, preferably 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 up to 2 mm, which are flowed through by a heat carrier has.
  • a position is understood to mean a largely two-dimensional planar unit, i. a unit whose thickness is negligible in relation to their area.
  • the position is preferably a substantially flat plate, which is structured to form the aforementioned channels.
  • the tube reactor has two to 1000, preferably 40 to 500 alternately superimposed layers A, in which the catalytic dehydration takes place, and layers B, which are traversed by a heat transfer in the form that each individual layer a plurality, preferably 10 to 500 , particularly preferably 20 to 200, of channels arranged parallel to one another, which form a continuous flow path from one side of the layer to the opposite side thereof.
  • the respective layers A are - as mentioned above - flows through the gaseous formamide to be dehydrated and the layers B are flowed through by a heat transfer medium.
  • layers A are arranged alternately to the layers through which gaseous formamide flows, to which layers a heat carrier is fed on one side of the respective layer and drawn off on the other side of the respective layer of the heat carrier.
  • an alternating arrangement of the layers A and B means that either one layer B follows each layer A, or that two or more successive layers A are followed by a layer B or each one Position A follow two or more successive layers B.
  • Multiple superimposed layers A and B may be appropriate to different flow rates of heat transfer (Temperiermedium) and formamide by free choice of the number of channels or the number of layers A and B to adapt so that on the reaction side (layer A, in which the catalytic dehydration takes place) or the heat transfer side (layer B) of the channels desired pressure loss can be targeted.
  • a pressure drop which is ⁇ 2 bar, more preferably 0.02 to 1 bar.
  • the channels of the layers A and B can be arranged so that a cross, counter or DC current results. Furthermore, any mixed forms are conceivable.
  • a distributor device for supplying the reactants (the gaseous formamide) and at the other end of the layers A, a collecting device for the reaction product (hydrocyanic acid) is provided in this case.
  • a distribution device generally supplies all layers A.
  • a collecting device for all layers A is generally provided.
  • all layers A form a continuous system of reaction channels.
  • a distribution and collection device according to the distribution and collection device regarding the layers A is also provided for the layers B, whose channels are traversed by a heat transfer medium.
  • the layers B whose channels are traversed by a heat transfer medium.
  • all layers B form a continuous system of channels through which heat transfer medium flows.
  • the distribution and collection device is designed in each case as a chamber arranged outside the stack of the layers A and B, respectively.
  • the walls of the chamber may be bent straight or semicircular, for example. It is essential that the geometrical see shape of the chamber is adapted to make flow and pressure loss so that a uniform flow through the channels is achieved.
  • the distribution and collection devices are each arranged within the stack of layers A and B by the mutually parallel channels of each layer A and B in the region of each of the two ends of the layer each one, the mutually parallel channels connecting transverse channel and all transverse channels within the stack of the layers A and B are connected by a substantially perpendicular to the plane of the layers A and B arranged collecting channel.
  • the geometric shape of the chamber is adapted to make flow and pressure loss so that a uniform flow through the channels is achieved. Suitable geometric shapes of the chamber are mentioned in the above-mentioned embodiments and known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out at a uniform temperature (mentioned below).
  • the inventive method is carried out so that along the channels of each layer A is passed through a temperature profile in which per layer two or more, preferably two to three heating zones, each with at least one distribution and collection device per heating zone Layers B are provided for the corresponding temperature in the channels of the layers A.
  • the temperature profile is set within the temperature range mentioned below to carry out the catalytic dehydration of formamide.
  • FIG 1 a schematic three-dimensional section of a reactor according to the invention is shown by way of example, wherein the layers A and B are arranged alternately in Figure 1, wherein each layer A is followed by a layer B and the arrangement of the layers A and B takes place so that a Crossflow results.
  • the arrows indicate in each case the flow direction of the formamide or of the heating medium.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic plan view of a layer, which may be a layer A or B, is shown by way of example. Within the position, a distributor V and a collector S are shown schematically.
  • the preparation of the preferred reactor used according to the invention can be carried out by methods known to the person skilled in the art. Suitable processes are described, for example, in V. Hessel, H. Löwe, A. Müller, G. KoIb, Chemical Micro Process Engineering-Processing and Plants, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005, pp. 385-391, and W. Ehrfeld, V. Hessel, V. Haverkamp, Microreactors, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1999.
  • fabrication involves the creation of a microstructure in the individual layers by machining plates of materials suitable for the reactor, stacking the layers, joining the layers to assemble the reactor, and attaching ports for the supply of the gaseous formamide Derivation of the hydrocyanic acid and possibly for the supply and discharge of the heat carrier.
  • DE-A 10 2005 051 637 describes various production processes for microstructured reactors which can be used correspondingly for the production of the reactor used according to the invention.
  • Suitable materials of the reactor used according to the invention are also known to those skilled in the art, wherein the reaction channel has an inner surface which is composed of a material with an iron content of ⁇ 50 wt .-%.
  • the inner reactor surface is made of steel, which particularly preferably contains iron and chromium and nickel.
  • the proportion of iron in the steel which preferably forms the inner reactor surface is generally> 50% by weight, preferably> 60% by weight, particularly preferably> 70% by weight.
  • the remainder are generally nickel and chromium, where appropriate, small amounts of other metals such as molybdenum, manganese, silicon, aluminum, titanium, tungsten, cobalt in a proportion of generally 0 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 2 wt. %, can be included.
  • Steel grades suitable for the inner surface of the reactor are generally steel grades according to standards 1.4541, 1.4571, 1.4573, 1.4580, 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4435, 2.4816, 1.3401, 1.4876 and 1.4828.
  • Steel grades according to standards 1.4541, 1.4571, 1.4828, 1.3401, 1.4876 and 1.4762, more preferably steel grades according to standards 1.4541, 1.4571, 1.4762 and 1.4828 are preferably used.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in the presence of oxygen, preferably atmospheric oxygen.
  • the amounts of oxygen, preferably atmospheric oxygen are generally> 0 to 10 mol%, based on the amount of formamide used, preferably 0.1 to 10 mol%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%.
  • gaseous formamide (formamide vapor) before being fed into the tube reactor with oxygen, preferably atmospheric oxygen are added.
  • the catalytic dehydration according to the inventive method is generally carried out at temperatures of 350 to 650 0 C, preferably 450 to 550 0 C, particularly preferably 500 to 550 0 C. However, if higher temperatures are selected, is to be expected with impaired selectivities and conversions.
  • the pressure in the process according to the invention for the catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide is generally 100 mbar to 4 bar, preferably 300 mbar to 3 bar.
  • the optimum residence time of the formamide gas stream in the process according to the invention results from the length-specific formamide load, which is preferably 0.02 to 0.4 kg / (mh), preferably 0.05 to 0.3, particularly preferably 0.08 to 0 , 2 is in the laminar flow range.
  • the optimum residence time depends on the pipe diameter. Small pipe diameters therefore result in shorter optimum residence times.
  • the above-stated value of the length-specific formamide load applies to the laminar flow region. With turbulent flow the load can be higher.
  • the gaseous formamide used in the process according to the invention is obtained by evaporation of liquid formamide.
  • Suitable processes for vaporizing liquid formamide are known to the person skilled in the art and described in the state of the art mentioned in the introduction to the description.
  • the evaporation of the liquid formamide in an evaporator at temperatures of 200 to 300 0 C, preferably 210 to 260 0 C, more preferably 220 to 240 0 C.
  • the pressure is in the evaporation of the liquid formamide usually 400 mbar to 4 bar, preferably 600 mbar to 2 bar, more preferably 800 mbar to 1, 4 bar.
  • the evaporation of the liquid formamide is carried out at short residence times.
  • Particularly preferred residence times are ⁇ 20 s, preferably ⁇ 10 s, in each case based on the liquid formamide.
  • the formamide Due to the very short residence times in the evaporator, the formamide can be evaporated almost completely without by-product formation.
  • the abovementioned short residence times of the formamide in the evaporator are preferably achieved in microstructured apparatuses. Suitable microstructured apparatuses which can be used as evaporators are described, for example, in DE-A 101 32 370, WO 2005/016512 and WO 2006/108796.
  • gaseous formamide used in the process according to the invention for the dehydration of gaseous formamide is thus particularly preferably obtained by evaporation in a microstructured evaporator.
  • the inventive method for the production of hydrogen cyanide provides the desired hydrocyanic acid in high selectivities of generally> 90%, preferably> 95% and conversions of generally> 90%, preferably> 95, so that yields of generally> 80%, preferably> 85%, particularly preferably> 88% can be achieved.
  • Another object of the present invention is a reactor constructed from at least two parallel, superimposed layers A and B, wherein the layer A at least two mutually parallel reaction channels having a mean hydraulic diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm, preferably> 1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably> 1 to 3 mm, and the layer B at least two mutually parallel channels having a mean hydraulic diameter of ⁇ 4 mm, preferably 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 mm having.
  • the reactor additionally comprises a microevaporator, in particular a microevaporator, as described in the co-pending application entitled “Improved Process for Producing Hydrocyanic Acid by Catalytic Dehydration of Gaseous Formamide - Vaporizing Liquid Formamide” and EP 07 120 540.5, wherein the microevaporator has an outlet for gaseous formamide and the tubular reactor has an inlet for gaseous formamide, the outlet of the microevaporator being connected to the inlet of the reactor according to the invention via a line for gaseous formamide.
  • Suitable embodiments of the inventive dehydration reactor of formamide can be readily designed by one skilled in the art on the basis of the above information. Suitable combinations of micro-evaporators and reactors according to the invention are also easy to design for a person skilled in the art on the basis of the information given above.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide plants for the production of hydrocyanic acid which are substantially smaller than plants usually used for the production of hydrocyanic acid. Such plants are more mobile and thus more versatile, and can be constructed, for example, where hydrocyanic acid is needed so that transport of hydrocyanic acid or salt in the hydrocyanic acid (e.g., alkali and alkaline earth salts) can be avoided over long distances.
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of the inventive reactor (micro-millikanal reactor) for the production of hydrogen cyanide by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide.
  • the experiments are carried out with tubular reactors with a length of 40 mm.
  • the experimental setup is a silver block in which the reaction tube has been inserted accurately.
  • the pipe is made of steel 1.4541.
  • the silver block is heated with heating rods. Due to the good heat transfer in the silver bed, an isothermal operation of the pipe wall can be ensured.
  • the reactor is charged with vaporous formamide and operated at a pressure of 300 mbar and 520 0 C.
  • Example 1 (comparison)
  • the experiment is performed as described above.
  • the reaction tube is a tube with 12 mm inner diameter. Pressure: 300 mbar
  • Table 1 Summary of the result for formamide decomposition in a 12 mm tube reactor
  • Example 2 (according to the invention) The experiment is carried out as described above.
  • the reaction tube is a tube with 3 mm internal diameter. Pressure: 300 mbar
  • Table 2 Overview of the result for formamide decomposition in a 3 mm tubular reactor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux dans un réacteur tubulaire constitué d'au moins un canal de réaction, dans laquelle la déshydratation catalytique a lieu, ledit canal de réaction présentant une surface intérieure constituée d'un matériau contenant une proportion de fer ≥ 50 % en masse, aucun catalyseur ni aucune chicane supplémentaire n'étant contenu dans ledit canal et ledit au moins un canal de réaction présentant un diamètre hydraulique moyen allant de 0,5 à 6 mm. L'invention concerne également un réacteur présentant les caractéristiques susmentionnées et l'utilisation du réacteur selon l'invention dans la production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux.
EP08848803A 2007-11-13 2008-11-12 Procédé amélioré de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux Withdrawn EP2215012A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08848803A EP2215012A1 (fr) 2007-11-13 2008-11-12 Procédé amélioré de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07120533 2007-11-13
PCT/EP2008/009539 WO2009062681A1 (fr) 2007-11-13 2008-11-12 Procédé amélioré de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux
EP08848803A EP2215012A1 (fr) 2007-11-13 2008-11-12 Procédé amélioré de production d'acide cyanhydrique par déshydratation catalytique de formamide gazeux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2215012A1 true EP2215012A1 (fr) 2010-08-11

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US (1) US20100284889A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2215012A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101952201B (fr)
AP (1) AP2010005262A0 (fr)
AR (1) AR069295A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2008323197A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0820167A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2705412A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2008003380A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO6270352A2 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010005158A (fr)
PE (1) PE20091289A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2498940C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009062681A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201004141B (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9034293B2 (en) * 2008-03-31 2015-05-19 Basf Se Process for preparing hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide—direct heating
EP2644263A1 (fr) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-02 Aurotec GmbH Réacteur à pression régulée
EP2644264A1 (fr) 2012-03-28 2013-10-02 Aurotec GmbH Système multiréacteur à pression régulée
EP2961691A1 (fr) * 2013-03-01 2016-01-06 Basf Se Procédé de synthèse d'acide prussique à partir d'un réacteur secondaire de conditionnement de formamide
EP2984037A1 (fr) * 2013-04-10 2016-02-17 Basf Se Procédé de synthèse d'acide cyanhydrique à partir de formamide en présence d'un catalyseur
WO2015052066A1 (fr) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-16 Evonik Industries Ag Tube réactionnel et procédé de production de cyanure d'hydrogène
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CN101952201A (zh) 2011-01-19
AP2010005262A0 (en) 2010-06-30
US20100284889A1 (en) 2010-11-11
CL2008003380A1 (es) 2010-01-11
CA2705412A1 (fr) 2009-05-22
CN101952201B (zh) 2013-12-25
CO6270352A2 (es) 2011-04-20
AR069295A1 (es) 2010-01-13
PE20091289A1 (es) 2009-09-25
BRPI0820167A2 (pt) 2015-09-29
AU2008323197A1 (en) 2009-05-22
ZA201004141B (en) 2011-08-31
MX2010005158A (es) 2010-05-20
WO2009062681A1 (fr) 2009-05-22
RU2498940C2 (ru) 2013-11-20
RU2010123682A (ru) 2011-12-20

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