EP3297395A2 - Wärmeleitende, elektrisch isolierende schutzschicht für enteisungsheizer - Google Patents

Wärmeleitende, elektrisch isolierende schutzschicht für enteisungsheizer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3297395A2
EP3297395A2 EP17192225.5A EP17192225A EP3297395A2 EP 3297395 A2 EP3297395 A2 EP 3297395A2 EP 17192225 A EP17192225 A EP 17192225A EP 3297395 A2 EP3297395 A2 EP 3297395A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
adhesive
boron nitride
assembly
preg
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17192225.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3297395A3 (de
EP3297395B1 (de
Inventor
Jin Hu
Galdemir Cezar Botura
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Goodrich Corp
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Goodrich Corp
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Publication of EP3297395A3 publication Critical patent/EP3297395A3/de
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Publication of EP3297395B1 publication Critical patent/EP3297395B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
    • B64D15/12—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by electric heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/206—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/302—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18—Aircraft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H05B2203/015—Heater wherein the heating element is interwoven with the textile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • heaters used for de-icing on aircrafts are often subject to foreign object damage (FOD), such as hail, bird strikes, and other debris, particularly when those heaters are placed too close to the surface.
  • FOD foreign object damage
  • the heater uses minimal power to accomplish de-icing but is protected from FOD.
  • the materials used to protect heaters used for de-icing must be thermally conductive, allowing transfer of heat between the heater and the external surface of the aircraft element, but must also be electrically insulating to prevent shorting of the heater. Most thermally conductive materials are also electrically conductive, limiting the choice of materials.
  • a heating assembly includes a boron nitride nanotube fabric; a first adhesive; a heating element, wherein the boron nitride nanotube fabric is attached to the heating element by the first adhesive; a second adhesive; and a glass pre-preg fabric, wherein the glass pre-preg fabric is attached to the heating element by the second adhesive on a side of the heating element opposite the boron nitride nanotube fabric.
  • a method for making a heating assembly includes obtaining a boron nitride nanotube fabric; bonding the boron nitride nanotube fabric to a heating element with a first adhesive; bonding the heating element to a glass pre-preg fabric with a second adhesive; and curing the assembly.
  • FIG. 1A is schematic diagram of a thermally conductive, electrically insulated protected heater assembly 10A.
  • Assembly 10A has breeze size 12 and bond side 14. Breeze side 12 faces an external environment and is subject to icing. Bond side 14 can be attached to part of an aircraft, such as an airfoil or other element.
  • Assembly 10A includes metallic skin 16, first film adhesive 18, boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) pre-preg fabric 20, second film adhesive 22, electric heater 24, third film adhesive 26, and glass pre-preg fabric 28.
  • Metallic skin 16 is attached to BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 by first film adhesive 18.
  • BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 is attached to electric heater 24 through second film adhesive 22.
  • Electric heater 24 is attached to glass pre-preg fabric 28 by third film adhesive 26.
  • Glass pre-preg fabric 28 can be attached to an aircraft component (not pictured).
  • first film adhesive 18 can be a commercially available adhesive which is thermally conductive.
  • First film adhesive 18 can be the same or different from second and third adhesives 22, 26.
  • Skin layer 16 is a metallic or alloy-based skin designed to prevent foreign object damage to electric heater 24. Because skin layer 16 is electrically conductive, it should not be directly adhered to electric heater 24. Instead, BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 is sandwiched between skin layer 16 and electric heater 24.
  • BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 is a nontoxic, electrically insulating, and thermally conductive fabric material made of boron nitride nanotubes and an appropriate polymer resin. Its high strength is similar to the strength of carbon nanotubes (CNT), which have been used as a bullet-proof material and in a variety of aerospace applications.
  • CNT carbon nanotubes
  • BNNTs are a type of one-dimensional nanostructure that are a close analogue to carbon nanotubes (CNTs), but are comprised of hexagonal B-N bond networks. BNNT bonds have partial ionic character due to the difference in electronegativity of nitrogen and boron. This causes BNNTs to be electrically insulating while CNTs are generally semiconductors. Moreover, BNNTs exhibit thermal conductivity, thermal stability, chemical stability and, when in fabric form, superhydrophobicity. Thus, BNNTs share mechanical properties of CNTs, but have additional advantages such as greater thermal and chemical stability, and optical and infrared transparency.
  • BNNT is grown in a laboratory.
  • Several methods of synthesizing BNNTs can be used, including catalyst-based chemical vapor deposition, ball-milling and annealing methods, arc-discharge, plasma-enhanced pulsed laser deposition, laser vaporization, or other methods.
  • the BNNTs are then impregnated with a polymer resin, such as an epoxy, a phenolic polymer or a bismaleimide.
  • the fabric is then cured before being used.
  • some BNNT fabrics are commercially available.
  • BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 is connected to electric heater 24 by second film adhesive 22.
  • Second film adhesive 22 can be a commercially available adhesive.
  • Second film adhesive 22 can be the same or different from first adhesive 18.
  • Electric heater 24 can be a nano-carbon heater or a resistive heater.
  • Resistive heaters are comprised of metals or metal alloys, and are more cost-efficient, but higher weight than carbon alternatives.
  • Nano-carbon heaters can be made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, or graphene nanoribbons (GNTs). Carbon allotrope heaters are uniquely beneficial for de-icing because of their high efficiency, light weight, low cost, ability to be moulded into specific shapes, and durability.
  • BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 protects electric heater 24 from foreign object damage (FOD), such as hail, bird strikes, or other events that may damage electric heater 24.
  • FOD foreign object damage
  • BNNT is thermally conducting, so heat from electric heater 24 can still move to breeze side 12 and work to de-ice the aircraft part, but is electrically insulating, so electric heater 24 is not shorted.
  • BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 helps to ensure electric heater 24 can still de-ice aircraft parts, but is more resistant to FOD.
  • Electric heater 24 turns electric current received from a power source (not pictured) into heat, preventing ice formation on an aircraft element such as an airfoil, nacelle, nosecone, engine cowl, or other aircraft part. While electric heater 24 is de-icing an aircraft element, BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 protects electric heater 24 from FOD and electrically insulates electric heater 24. Additionally, BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 is acoustically insulating. Thus, the aircraft element and electric heater 24 are protected from acoustic vibrations during operation of aircraft.
  • Glass pre-preg fabric 28 is attached to electric heater 24 by third film adhesive 26.
  • Third film adhesive 26 is a commercially available adhesive, and can be the same or different from first and second adhesives 18 and 22.
  • Glass pre-preg fabric 28 can be a commercially available glass pre-preg fabric.
  • Glass pre-preg fabric 28 protects electric heater 24 on bond side 14 of heating assembly 10A.
  • Glass pre-preg fabric 28 can be attached to an element of an aircraft (not pictured), such as an airfoil, nacelle, nosecone, engine cowl, or other aircraft part.
  • FIG. 1B - 1E are variations on assembly 10A shown in FIG. 1A . All elements are the same except where otherwise noted.
  • metallic skin 16 is replaced with carbon fabric skin 30.
  • Carbon pre-preg fabric skin 30 is lighter weight than metallic skin 16, and is durable.
  • carbon nanotube (CNT) pre-preg skin 32 replaces metallic skin 16.
  • CNT pre-preg skin 32 is uniquely beneficial for de-icing because of its high efficiency, light weight, ability to be moulded into specific shapes, and durability.
  • CNT filled film skin 34 is used instead of metallic skin 16.
  • Each of the carbon-based skins in FIG. 1B - 1D have unique properties and may be more useful in different parts of an aircraft, depending on the needs of that particular aircraft element.
  • BNNT pre-preg fabric 20 serves as the outermost skin layer in heating assembly 10E.
  • This arrangement still provides FOD protection to electric heater 24 because of BNNT pre-preg fabric 20's strength and durability. But it also minimizes cost and weight by eliminating one layer of the heating assembly. This embodiment is useful in environments where a thicker skin is not needed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of heating assembly 10A, also pictured as a schematic diagram in FIG. 1A .
  • Assembly 10A is shown as a bendable sheet, which can be formed to an aircraft element (not pictured).
  • Heating assembly 10A is a thin sheet with breeze side 12, facing the external surface subject to icing, and bond side 14, which will be bonded to an aircraft element.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart depicting method 40 of preparing a thermally conductive, electrically insulated protected heater assembly.
  • Method 40 begins with steps 44 and 46, where the layers of the assembly are adhered together.
  • the layers include a BNNT pre-preg fabric, an electric heater, a pre-preg glass fabric, and at least one adhesive.
  • the electric heater is typically a sheet heater, and can be a carbon-based or resistive type heater.
  • the glass pre-preg fabric can be commercially obtained, or fabricated.
  • the adhesive is typically a film adhesive which will be used between the layers of the assembly.
  • the BNNT fabric is bonded to an electric heater with an adhesive.
  • the BNNT fabric can serve as the external protection of the electric heater, or can be layered with a "skin," such as a metallic or carbon-based fabric, to create a tougher protection layer.
  • the BNNT fabric protects the heating element from FOD.
  • the glass pre-preg layer is adhered to the side of the electric heater opposite the BNNT fabric with another film adhesive. The heating element is "sandwiched" between the BNNT fabric and the glass pre-preg.
  • step 48 the assembly is cured to secure the adhesives.
  • the assembly can then be applied to an external surface of an aircraft, such as an airfoil, nacelle, nosecone, engine cowl, or other aircraft part.
  • BNNT fabric to protect an electrical heater used for de-icing has several benefits.
  • electrical heaters should be placed closer to the outside of an aircraft, so heating the surface takes less power.
  • the closer a heater is to an external surface the more likely it will be harmed by foreign object damage, including birds, hail and other surface damage.
  • the best de-icing heaters are both close to the surface and well protected from FOD.
  • the BNNT fabric is uniquely good at protecting de-icing heaters because it is both thermally conductive, allowing heat to pass through the BNNT fabric, and electrically insulating, preventing the heaters from being shorted. BNNT fabric is also very strong and capable of mitigating FOD. Additionally, BNNT fabric is acoustically damping, which allows the de-icing heaters to withstand vibrations and maintain longer lifespans. Thus, when BNNT is attached to an electric heater on an aircraft for de-icing, the heater is a low-power heater close to the surface, with an FOD-withstanding heating structure.
  • a heating assembly includes a boron nitride nanotube fabric; a first adhesive; a heating element, wherein the boron nitride nanotube fabric is attached to the heating element by the first adhesive; a second adhesive; and a glass pre-preg fabric, wherein the glass pre-preg fabric is attached to the heating element by the second adhesive on a side of the heating element opposite the boron nitride nanotube fabric.
  • the assembly of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
  • the skin is comprised of a metal, an alloy, or a combination thereof.
  • the skin is comprised of a carbon pre-preg fabric.
  • the skin is comprised of a carbon nanotube pre-preg fabric.
  • the skin is comprised of a carbon nanotube filled film.
  • the heating element is a nano-carbon heater.
  • the heating element is a resistive heating element.
  • the boron nitride nanotube fabric is impregnated with a polymer chosen from the group consisting of an epoxy, a phenolic polymer, a bismaleimide, or combinations thereof.
  • the assembly may further include one or more additional layers.
  • the one or more additional layers may comprise pre-preg fabrics.
  • a method for making a heating assembly includes obtaining a boron nitride nanotube fabric; bonding the boron nitride nanotube fabric to a heating element with a first adhesive; bonding the heating element to a glass pre-preg fabric with a second adhesive; and curing the assembly.
  • the method of the preceding paragraph can optionally include, additionally and/or alternatively, any one or more of the following features, configurations and/or additional components:
  • Obtaining a boron nitride nanotube fabric comprises impregnating a boron nitride nanotube matrix with a polymer and curing the boron nitride nanotube fabric.
  • the boron nitride nanotube fabric is impregnated with a polymer chosen from the group consisting of an epoxy, a phenolic polymer, or bismaleimide, or combinations thereof.
  • the heater is a nano-carbon heater.
  • the heater is a resistive heater.
  • the first skin is comprised at least one of a metal or an alloy.
  • the first skin is comprised of a carbon pre-preg fabric.
  • the method may further include attaching a second skin to the first skin with a film adhesive.
  • the method may further include attaching a second pre-preg fabric to the glass pre-preg fabric with an adhesive.
  • the method may include more than one curing step.
  • the method includes curing the assembly after adhering the boron nitride nanotube fabric to the electric heater.
  • the method includes curing the assembly after adhering the glass pre-preg fabric to the electric heater.
  • the method includes curing the assembly after adhering the skin to the boron nitride nanotube fabric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP17192225.5A 2016-09-20 2017-09-20 Wärmeleitende, elektrisch isolierende schutzschicht für enteisungsheizer Active EP3297395B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/271,003 US10986699B2 (en) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 Thermally conductive, electrically insulating protection layer for de-icing heaters

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3297395A2 true EP3297395A2 (de) 2018-03-21
EP3297395A3 EP3297395A3 (de) 2018-03-28
EP3297395B1 EP3297395B1 (de) 2019-06-26

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US (1) US10986699B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3297395B1 (de)
BR (1) BR102017017897B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2974309A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3569506A1 (de) * 2018-05-16 2019-11-20 Airbus Operations GmbH Strukturbauteil für ein flugzeug
EP3624554A1 (de) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-18 Goodrich Corporation Hybridheizung für den eisschutz von flugzeugflügeln
EP3668270A1 (de) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-17 Goodrich Corporation Mehrschichtige struktur mit kohlenstoffnanoröhrenheizelementen
US10708979B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-07-07 De-Ice Technologies Heating a bulk medium
EP3836747A1 (de) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-16 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Konforme dünnschichtheizelemente für anstellwinkelsensoren
US12024299B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2024-07-02 De-Ice Technologies, Inc. De-icing systems

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10183754B1 (en) * 2017-12-20 2019-01-22 The Florida International University Board Of Trustees Three dimensional graphene foam reinforced composite coating and deicing systems therefrom
BR112020021755B1 (pt) * 2018-04-24 2022-07-05 Qarbon Aerospace (Foundation), Llc Aeroestrutura aquecida
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US20180084613A1 (en) 2018-03-22
EP3297395A3 (de) 2018-03-28
CA2974309A1 (en) 2018-03-20
US10986699B2 (en) 2021-04-20
BR102017017897B1 (pt) 2022-08-30
BR102017017897A2 (pt) 2018-05-02
EP3297395B1 (de) 2019-06-26

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