EP3683373B1 - Utilisation de matériaux de construction poreux pour l'absorption acoustique - Google Patents
Utilisation de matériaux de construction poreux pour l'absorption acoustique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3683373B1 EP3683373B1 EP19152584.9A EP19152584A EP3683373B1 EP 3683373 B1 EP3683373 B1 EP 3683373B1 EP 19152584 A EP19152584 A EP 19152584A EP 3683373 B1 EP3683373 B1 EP 3683373B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acoustic
- coating
- porous
- structure according
- fibre
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improved acoustic structures and natural fibrous acoustic coatings on porous building materials.
- the acoustic elements and surfaces are structures that remain in sight, their architectural image should also be suitable for their environment and the other surfaces of the space. The thickness of the panel or surface should remain within reasonable limits, which, on the other hand, is inconsistent with the high requirement of sound absorption.
- the acoustic elements or surfaces should also fulfil the criteria of purity which is set for the surface materials of interiors, and they should also have mechanical and physical properties that are suitable for their environment of use.
- the requirement of considering environmental aspects, to an increasing extent also applies to the acoustic surfaces and elements with respect to the manufacture and recyclability of the materials, for example.
- acoustic elements include mineral wool-based (fibreglass or rock wool-based) acoustic panels. On the sides of these which remain in sight, the surface of the mineral wool is coated, for example, with paper, plastic, fabric or glass fleece. Being relatively light components, these acoustic elements, which are based on insulating wool panels, are simple to install, for example, on the ceiling or walls of the space that is to be provided with sound absorption, either as separate elements or as an unbroken surface. They can also be formed into acoustic planes that are lowered down from the ceiling, for example.
- various fibre-based coating compounds are also known, which are sprayed or applied in another way and which provide a mechanical surface structure that is more elastic and durable than glass and rock-based coatings, and which can also contribute to the acoustics of the premises.
- the specifications FI 95041 and WO 2007/063178 disclose natural fibre-based coatings that are sprayed when mixed with water, or applied in a similar manner and hardened through drying.
- the fibre of the coating compound of the specification FI 95041 comprises fine cellulose fibre.
- the compound in addition to the fibre material and the binder, includes particle-like, typically mineral-based fillers, by means of which the surface of the coating becomes smooth and which can adjust the acoustic properties of the coating.
- the fibre-based coatings are attached to the desired acoustic properties requiring surface by binders.
- US 3,044,919 relates to a surfacing or facing construction particularly adaptable for application on wall and ceiling areas or surfaces and to a method or system of applying the surface of facing to an area, the surfacing or facing construction embodying a thin mat, layer or sheet of mineral material adapted to be adhesively joined to the surface or area to be finished.
- the surfacing or facing construction embodying a thin mat, layer or sheet of mineral material adapted to be adhesively joined to the surface or area to be finished.
- it does not disclose natural fibrous acoustic coatings on cinder block, nor especially fixing the coating to a desired surface without binders.
- GB 358,995 relates to improvements in sound-absorbing materials adapted to be used in buildings, enclosures and the like. It discloses an acoustic composition having desirable sound-absorbing properties of various fibrous materials combined with the advantages with respect to durability and appearance of plastic or stone-like materials.
- the composition comprises a layer of a resilient sound-absorbing material or fibre-board having a hard facing or protective layer of granular particles which has pores or openings leading into the sound-absorbing material.
- the publication is however silent on natural fibrous acoustic coatings on cinder block, nor especially fixing the coating to a desired surface without binders.
- Document RU2369495 C2 discloses an acoustic structure with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- an acoustic structure such as a wall, made of a porous background material and coated with a natural fibrous acoustic material.
- an acoustic structure such as a wall, made of porous incompressible or load-bearing background structures and coated with a natural fibrous acoustic material, wherein the acoustic coating is attached to the surface of the background structure without using any binders.
- the background structure neither needs to be felted before applying the acoustic coating.
- the acoustic structure of the present invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
- the natural acoustic coating can be applied, for example by spraying, straight on to a surface of a wall made of e.g. cinder blocks without any ground work, yet providing a plain surface.
- the natural fibrous acoustic coating according to the present invention is applicable to the surface of the wall material the without using any binders.
- natural fibrous coatings are not harmful for consumers and they enable moisture vaporization from the below structures.
- the present technology provides coatings on porous background structures that improves the acoustic properties of premises and reduces the drawbacks of the known solutions.
- the present technology is particularly suitable for reducing reverberation in inner acoustics of premises.
- One purpose of the invention is to provide an acoustic structure, which is formed by utilising a natural fibrous coating composition, which is particularly suitable for the purpose and which provides effective sound absorption, and from which no significant amounts of dust or other particles come off, even after drying.
- the present invention is based on a combination of a porous background material and/or structure and a natural fibrous coating on at least one surface of the porous background material and/or structure.
- One aspect of the present invention is a combination of a porous background structure and an acoustic coating, wherein the acoustic coating is made of natural fibrous matter and is applied on at least one surface of the porous background structure, and wherein the natural fibrous matter forms a plain network on top of the holes in the surface of the porous background.
- Porous background structure is intended to comprise all materials, where to holes have been made or formed during the production of such structure.
- Porous background structure may therefore be for example a building material such as cinder block, or a perforated or micro-perforated structure consisting of for example wood or metal.
- the acoustic structure can be for example an acoustic element, or a wall structure, or any other structure, which requires sound-proofing and is preferably made of a porous building material, such as a cinder block.
- the natural fibrous matter is plant or plant-based fibre, such as cellulose, flax, cotton or hemp fibre, or animal-based fibre, such as silk or wool-based fibre, or a mixture of such fibres.
- the acoustic coating comprises the natural fibrous matter 20-100% of the dry-matter mass of the acoustic coating.
- the coating has a thickness between 1 to 30 mm, preferably between 3 to 10 mm.
- the acoustic coating further comprises 0-80% of mineral filler from its dry matter mass, preferably mineral silicate, mineral sulphate or mineral carbonate, most preferably kaolin.
- the coating comprises a fire retardant and an anti-rot agent, selected from a group of boron-based substances, such as boric acid or borax or a mixture thereof, hydroxides, such as aluminium or magnesium hydroxide or a mixture thereof, or absorbing agents, such as talc or calcium carbonate or a mixture thereof, most preferably boric acid or borax, particularly a mixture thereof, in an amount of 8-25% by weight of the dry matter at the most.
- an anti-rot agent selected from a group of boron-based substances, such as boric acid or borax or a mixture thereof, hydroxides, such as aluminium or magnesium hydroxide or a mixture thereof, or absorbing agents, such as talc or calcium carbonate or a mixture thereof, most preferably boric acid or borax, particularly a mixture thereof, in an amount of 8-25% by weight of the dry matter at the most.
- the structure below the acoustic coating such as a cinder block, has a density of 300 to 2200 kg/m 3 and a pore size preferably of 1 to 16 mm.
- the thickness of the structure varies based on the used building material, but should be at least 2 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm.
- the porous background structure underneath the natural fibrous acoustic coating is incompressible.
- the porous background structure is a load-bearing structure.
- the background structure underneath the natural fibrous acoustic coating is a perforated or micro-perforated structure, which alone without the coating provides very poor acoustic properties.
- the background structure may be any other kind of porous or perforated structure having holes, on top of which the natural fibrous coating matter forms a plain network.
- the acoustic coating does not contain any binders for binding into the surface of the porous background.
- This embodiment is achieved by the network of the natural fibrous matter formed on top of the holes in the porous background.
- Porous acoustic coating can thus be prepared without binders by utilizing particles of different size scales, for example by combining cellulosic fibres with micro-fibrillated or nano-fibrillated cellulose.
- One aspect of the present invention is that because of the fibre network on top of the holes in the surface of the porous background, the surface can be made plain.
- porous background structure does not need to be felted before applying the acoustic coating, which reduces the process steps and costs as well as provides easier yet effective acoustic solutions.
- the present invention also provides material savings for example in binder and seaming materials.
- the present invention is applicable to for example walls and other kinds of structures comprising porous or perforated background structures in for example buildings, providing acoustic solutions mainly to the inner acoustic needs of the space formed by such structures.
- Coating was be prepared by dissolving or dispersing additives, such as binders, thickeners and fire retardants, into a solvent and dispersing the fibres by mechanical mixing to form a suspension.
- the coating was applied onto the surface of the cinder block by spraying an approximately 6 mm thick layer using specially designed pumping and spraying equipment. The coating was then dried in ambient conditions. Absorption coefficient of the coating, cinder block and coated cinder block ( Figure 3 ) were measured by using a reverberation chamber built in a shipping container (6 m ⁇ 2.4 m ⁇ 2.4 m) using ISO 354:2003 "Acoustics.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Structure acoustique comprenant une combinaison d'une structure de fond poreuse et d'un revêtement acoustique, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement acoustique est fabriqué en matière fibreuse naturelle, ne contient pas de liant et est appliqué par pulvérisation sur au moins une surface de la structure de fond poreuse non feutrée, dans laquelle la matière fibreuse naturelle forme un réseau de fibres au-dessus des trous de la surface de la structure de fond poreuse, de sorte que ladite surface peut être rendue lisse.
- Structure acoustique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse naturelle est une fibre végétale ou d'origine végétale, telle que la fibre de cellulose, de lin, de coton ou de chanvre, ou une fibre d'origine animale, telle qu'une fibre à base de soie ou de laine, ou un mélange de telles fibres.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement acoustique présente une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 30 mm, de préférence entre 3 et 10 mm.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre de 0 à 80 % de charge minérale à partir de sa masse de matière sèche, de préférence du silicate minéral, du sulfate minéral ou du carbonate minéral, le plus préférentiellement du kaolin.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement acoustique comprend en outre un agent ignifuge et un agent anti-pourriture, choisi parmi un groupe de substances à base de bore, telles que l'acide borique ou le borax ou un mélange de ceux-ci, des hydroxydes, tels que l'hydroxyde d'aluminium ou de magnésium ou un mélange de ceux-ci, ou des agents absorbants, tels que le talc ou le carbonate de calcium ou un mélange de ceux-ci, le plus préférentiellement l'acide borique ou le borax, en particulier un mélange de ceux-ci, en une quantité de 8 à 25 % en poids de la matière sèche au maximum.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement acoustique comprend des particules de différentes échelles de taille, comme une combinaison de fibres cellulosiques avec de la cellulose micro-fibrillée ou nano-fibrillée.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la structure de fond poreuse présente une densité de 300 à 2200 kg/m3 et une épaisseur d'au moins 2 mm, de préférence d'au moins 5 mm.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la structure de fond poreuse présente de préférence une taille de pore de 1 à 16 mm.
- Structure acoustique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la structure de fond poreuse est par exemple un parpaing, ou une structure perforée ou micro-perforée constituée par exemple de bois ou de métal.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19152584.9A EP3683373B1 (fr) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Utilisation de matériaux de construction poreux pour l'absorption acoustique |
| ES19152584T ES2928433T3 (es) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Utilización de materiales de construcción porosos en absorción del sonido |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19152584.9A EP3683373B1 (fr) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Utilisation de matériaux de construction poreux pour l'absorption acoustique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3683373A1 EP3683373A1 (fr) | 2020-07-22 |
| EP3683373B1 true EP3683373B1 (fr) | 2022-07-13 |
Family
ID=65041677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19152584.9A Active EP3683373B1 (fr) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Utilisation de matériaux de construction poreux pour l'absorption acoustique |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3683373B1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2928433T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4015728A1 (fr) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-22 | Lumir Oy | Revêtement acoustique pulvérisable sur une structure modulaire |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB358995A (en) | 1929-06-11 | 1931-10-12 | Johns Manville | Improvements in or relating to sound-absorbing material |
| US3044919A (en) | 1957-05-16 | 1962-07-17 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method of applying facing material to a wall surface |
| FI95041C (fi) | 1993-01-27 | 1995-12-11 | Tampio Anna Liisa | Pinnoiteseos ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi |
| FI20051243L (fi) | 2005-12-02 | 2007-06-03 | Esa Silfverhuth | Pinnoitusseos ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi |
| RU2369495C2 (ru) * | 2007-11-20 | 2009-10-10 | Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственное предприятие "Тэкникал консалтинг" | Шумоизоляционная обивка кузова автомобиля |
| RU2490150C1 (ru) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-08-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тольяттинский государственный университет" | Модифицированная слоистая акустическая структура обивки кузова автотранспортного средства |
-
2019
- 2019-01-18 ES ES19152584T patent/ES2928433T3/es active Active
- 2019-01-18 EP EP19152584.9A patent/EP3683373B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2928433T3 (es) | 2022-11-17 |
| EP3683373A1 (fr) | 2020-07-22 |
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