EP3776527A1 - Schallwandler - Google Patents
SchallwandlerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3776527A1 EP3776527A1 EP19718079.7A EP19718079A EP3776527A1 EP 3776527 A1 EP3776527 A1 EP 3776527A1 EP 19718079 A EP19718079 A EP 19718079A EP 3776527 A1 EP3776527 A1 EP 3776527A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- membrane
- filler
- diaphragm pot
- diaphragm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/521—Constructional features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/18—Details, e.g. bulbs, pumps, pistons, switches or casings
- G10K9/22—Mountings; Casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
- H04R17/02—Microphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2217/00—Details of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric, or electrostrictive transducers covered by H04R15/00 or H04R17/00 but not provided for in any of their subgroups
- H04R2217/03—Parametric transducers where sound is generated or captured by the acoustic demodulation of amplitude modulated ultrasonic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
- H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
- H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sound transducer comprising a diaphragm pot, a transducer element and a housing, wherein the diaphragm pot has a membrane and a wall.
- Ultrasonic sensors are used inter alia in automotive and
- Emission of the ultrasonic signal and receiving the ultrasonic echo and the known speed of sound can then be calculated the distance to the object.
- the ultrasonic sensors typically include a sound transducer having a diaphragm, a transducer element, and a housing.
- Transducer element is, for example, a piezoceramic element, which, after the application of an electrical voltage, causes the membrane to oscillate or, for the purpose of receiving ultrasonic echoes, converts the vibrations, which are excited by the sound pressure in front of the membrane, into an electrical signal.
- Such sound transducers are known in the prior art, see for example DE 10 2012 201 884 Al. It is known to form such ultrasonic sensors in one piece from a plastic.
- the invention is based on the object, a
- the transducer comprises a diaphragm pot, a
- the diaphragm pot itself has a membrane and a wall.
- Membrane pot and at least a portion of the housing is integrally formed of a plastic.
- a plastic are epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide or polyoxymethylene.
- the plastic refers to a matrix material, that is to say corresponding to the base material of the sound transducer. By using such a uniform matrix material, the sound transducer can be produced in one piece, for example, in only one process.
- the plastic from which the membrane, the wall of the diaphragm pot and at least part of the housing are integrally formed is filled with a first filler.
- Membrane pot can be easily adapted to the particular application. Areas of the diaphragm pot, which are less likely to resonate when the diaphragm is excited by ultrasonic signals, can be used in this
- Possibilities for producing such a sound transducer are, for example, the multi-material injection molding method or the injection method. Due to the structural design of the associated tool and a scheduled time sequence of the injection different areas can be generated in the transducer.
- the plastic from which the diaphragm cup is formed integrally, not completely filled with the first filler.
- At least a second area of the diaphragm pot is formed, which is free from any fillers.
- the plastic in the region of the wall of the diaphragm pot may be filled with the first filler, but the plastic in the region of the diaphragm may be free of the first filler.
- unwanted vibrations of the wall can be prevented or at least reduced.
- Such inactive fillers are significantly cheaper as materials than the plastic material and serve to stretch the plastic.
- At least a third region of the diaphragm pot is formed, within which the plastic is filled with a second filler which is different from the first filler.
- the plastic may be filled in certain areas of the membrane with mutually different fillers, so as to achieve a certain desired directional characteristic of the transducer.
- the volume fraction of the fillers is between 5 and 80 percent.
- the volume fraction of the fillers is between 15 and 60 percent.
- the volume portion in the first and third regions of the diaphragm pot may be the same or different, respectively
- the first or second filler is short fibers.
- Short fibers have the advantage of a relatively high modulus of elasticity with low weight compared to other possible fillers.
- the first and second fillers may be short fibers.
- the plastic in one region of the diaphragm pot can be filled with cut carbon fibers and in a second region at least partially filled with short glass fibers.
- Short fibers of essentially carbon have a higher modulus of elasticity compared to the short glass fibers and are therefore to be preferred for areas in which a higher rigidity is required.
- short glass fibers have a higher tensile and compressive strength, resulting in a Stiffening of the plastic while maintaining a certain
- the first or second filler is at least one material which has a higher density than the plastic from which the membrane, the wall of the diaphragm pot and at least part of the housing are integrally formed.
- An example of this is metal powder of aluminum and / or brass and / or stainless steel. The particles of the
- Metal powder may in this case have a symmetrical shape in the form of, for example, a sphere.
- the particles of the metal powder may also have an asymmetrical shape.
- the particle size is smaller than the smallest dimension of the sound transducer.
- a plastic filled with such a filler has a greater density and rigidity compared to an unfilled plastic.
- the density and rigidity for example, the acoustic impedance of certain areas of the diaphragm pot can be increased.
- a plastic which is filled with such a filler an increased robustness against the ingress of foreign articles. For example, areas that are not closed to the outside environment may be filled with such a filler for protection against foreign particles.
- the effect of the effects described above is different pronounced. So points
- aluminum has a lower density and a lower one
- first and second fillers are at least one material which has a higher density than the plastic from which the membrane, the wall of the membrane pot and at least part of the housing are formed in one piece , A first region, which should have a high protection against the penetration of foreign particles, for example, from a with
- a second region of the diaphragm pot, which requires comparatively no high protection against the penetration of foreign particles can be filled with a filler, which is relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
- the first or second filler is at least one material which has a lower density than the plastic, from which the membrane, the wall of the diaphragm pot and at least a part of the housing are integrally formed.
- these are air-filled glass hollow bodies or air-filled
- Plastic hollow body The plastic from which the plastic hollow bodies are formed may, for example, be the same plastic from which the membrane, the wall of the diaphragm pot and at least part of the housing are integrally formed. Alternatively, it can also be a different plastic.
- the hollow bodies may in this case have a symmetrical shape in the form of, for example, a sphere or a hollow fiber. Alternatively, the hollow bodies may also have an asymmetrical shape.
- the hollow body size is smaller than the smallest dimension of the sound transducer.
- a plastic filled with such a filler has a lower density and stiffness compared to an unfilled plastic. By reducing the density and rigidity, for example, the acoustic impedance of certain areas of the
- Membrane pot can be reduced.
- the membrane pot can be reduced.
- first and second fillers may be a material having a lower density than the plastic from which the
- housing are integrally formed.
- air-filled glass hollow bodies are cheaper to produce than hollow plastic hollow bodies, but have lower density and stiffness than air-filled plastic hollow bodies. These different properties can be used for different areas of the diaphragm pot.
- the membrane of the diaphragm pot is at least partially formed from the filled with the first filler plastic.
- the plastic may be filled at least in an inner, circular region of the membrane with a first filler.
- the impedance of the membrane can be adapted to the particular application.
- the plastic in an inner, elliptical area of Membrane filled with a first filler can be optimized.
- the plastic in the region of the wall of the diaphragm pot and the at least part of the housing is free of fillers. This results in a low-cost sound transducer.
- Another object of the present invention is an ultrasonic sensor with the sound transducer described above.
- Figures 1 to 8 show schematically different embodiments of a transducer according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows an ultrasonic sensor according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of the invention
- the dashed line 35 is intended in this case not recognizable in this plan view inner surface of the wall of the
- the further dashed line 45 represents the inner surface of a part of the housing 40 which is not recognizable in this plan view.
- the first filler is a material which has a higher density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the
- Wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and at least a portion of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- the first filler may be a metal and / or a ceramic.
- the mechanical properties of the membrane 5 can be set in such a way that a certain predetermined radiation behavior is achieved.
- the robustness of the Membrane 5 against the penetration of foreign objects in the interior of the transducer 10 a increases.
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a second embodiment of the invention
- Sound transducer 10b according to the invention.
- the plastic in a first circular region 30b in the center of the membrane 5 filled with short fibers as the first fillers.
- a second region 30c which annularly surrounds the first region 30b, the plastic is filled with a second filler which has a higher density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the wall of the membrane pot 20 and at least a part of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- the plastic is again filled with the first filler. Due to the design of the sound transducer with differently reinforced membrane 5 in certain areas, the possibility offers two or more resonant working frequencies with different
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a third embodiment of the invention
- the plastic filled with a first filler having a lower density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and at least a part of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- the plastic is free from fillers.
- FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention
- the plastic is filled in a first region 30g in the center of the membrane 5 with a first filler, which has a lower density than the plastic from which the
- Membrane 5 the wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and at least a portion of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- the plastic is in a second region 30h in the edge region of the membrane and in the region of the wall of the diaphragm pot 20 in contrast filled with a second filler having a higher density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the
- Wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and at least a portion of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- the plastic is free from fillers.
- FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the invention
- Transducer LOe in longitudinal section.
- the plastic in the edge region 30j of the membrane 5 filled in the wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and in the part of the sensor housing 40 with short fibers.
- the plastic in a first region 30k, which corresponds to the membrane 5 is completely filled with the first filler.
- the first filler in this case has a lower density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and at least a part of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- sound converter 10e and 10f can be prevented
- the diaphragm pot and sensor housing resonate during a vibration of the diaphragm.
- FIG. 7 shows, in contrast to the previous embodiments, a sound transducer 10g, in which the membrane 5 is at least partially double-layered.
- the plastic is in this case in a first region, in a lower layer 301 of the membrane 5, which to the inside of the surge transducer 10g, filled with a first filler.
- the first filler in this case has a lower density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the wall of the diaphragm pot 20 and at least a part of the housing 40 are integrally formed.
- the plastic is filled in contrast with short fibers.
- the lower layer 30n of the membrane 5 is filled with a first filler which has a higher density than the plastic from which the membrane 5, the wall of the membrane pot 20 and at least a part of the housing 40 are integrally formed. Due to the two-layer formation of the membrane can in both cases
- Impedance matching layers for application of the sound transducer e.g. be generated in water.
- Figure 9 shows schematically in a longitudinal section an embodiment of the ultrasonic sensor 60 according to the invention.
- the ultrasonic sensor 60 according to the invention.
- Ultrasonic sensor 60 the sound transducer LOe according to Figure 5. However, it could also comprise any other type of transducer according to the previous embodiments.
- the ultrasonic sensor 60 in this case has a transducer element 70 in the form of a piezoelectric element, which is arranged on the underside of the diaphragm 5e.
- the transducer element 70 is in this case connected via a connecting cable 90 with the electronic components 80 of the ultrasonic sensor 60.
- the electronic components 90 of the ultrasonic sensor 60 may be, for example, a printed circuit board and / or a computing unit of the
- Ultrasonic sensor 60 act.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018205527.0A DE102018205527A1 (de) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Schallwandler |
| PCT/EP2019/058506 WO2019197268A1 (de) | 2018-04-12 | 2019-04-04 | Schallwandler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3776527A1 true EP3776527A1 (de) | 2021-02-17 |
Family
ID=66001181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19718079.7A Withdrawn EP3776527A1 (de) | 2018-04-12 | 2019-04-04 | Schallwandler |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210027756A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3776527A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN111989738A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018205527A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019197268A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012211011A1 (de) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Akustischer Sensor mit einer Membran aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff |
| EP3586330A1 (de) * | 2017-02-24 | 2020-01-01 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Schallwandler |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5648941A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-07-15 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Transducer backing material |
| JP2003037891A (ja) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-07 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | 電気音響変換器用フレーム及びその製造方法 |
| JP2006203563A (ja) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-08-03 | Nippon Soken Inc | 超音波センサ |
| DE102006040344B4 (de) * | 2006-08-29 | 2022-09-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Haltevorrichtung für einen Ultraschallwandler |
| DE102006050037A1 (de) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultraschallwandler |
| DE102010018993B4 (de) * | 2010-05-03 | 2021-04-01 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Ultraschallsensor, zugehöriges Herstellungsverfahren und Umfelderkennungssystem |
| DE102012201884A1 (de) | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schallwandler |
| DE102013217362A1 (de) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensoranordnung |
| DE102013222076A1 (de) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schallwandler und Herstellungsverfahren für einen Schallwandler |
| US20150296302A1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Bose Corporation | Loudspeaker with compliantly coupled low-frequency and high-frequency sections |
-
2018
- 2018-04-12 DE DE102018205527.0A patent/DE102018205527A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-04-04 WO PCT/EP2019/058506 patent/WO2019197268A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-04-04 CN CN201980025215.XA patent/CN111989738A/zh active Pending
- 2019-04-04 US US16/967,916 patent/US20210027756A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-04-04 EP EP19718079.7A patent/EP3776527A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012211011A1 (de) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Akustischer Sensor mit einer Membran aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff |
| EP3586330A1 (de) * | 2017-02-24 | 2020-01-01 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Schallwandler |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2019197268A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20210027756A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
| DE102018205527A1 (de) | 2019-10-17 |
| CN111989738A (zh) | 2020-11-24 |
| WO2019197268A1 (de) | 2019-10-17 |
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