EP3867968A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer separatorplatte - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer separatorplatteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3867968A1 EP3867968A1 EP19797576.6A EP19797576A EP3867968A1 EP 3867968 A1 EP3867968 A1 EP 3867968A1 EP 19797576 A EP19797576 A EP 19797576A EP 3867968 A1 EP3867968 A1 EP 3867968A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrically conductive
- fillers
- conductive fillers
- mixture
- separator plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002042 Silver nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012765 fibrous filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0226—Composites in the form of mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0221—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a separator plate according to the kind defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention relates to a separator plate obtainable by the method according to the invention.
- Separator plates which are also designed as bipolar plates, and which are used in the manufacture of fuel cells in these, are so far known from the prior art. They must have a certain electrical conductivity, which is why they are made of graphite or metal, for example.
- a method for producing such a separator plate is known, for example, from DE 10 2016 015318 Al. In the process, a plastic matrix is applied to a film and provided with the desired shape. The material is then cured. Electrically conductive particles of graphite or carbon black are present in the material, so that the structure as a whole is produced with a largely homogeneous electrical conductivity.
- EP 1 331 685 B1 a polymer matrix is used, which is provided with electrically conductive fillers.
- parts of the polymer matrix are destroyed by pyrolysis in order to achieve a direct connection of the electrically conductive particles.
- the pyrolysis can be achieved in particular by the action of electromagnetic radiation, for example microwaves.
- the disadvantage here is the relatively complex process, in which the separator plate which has already been produced has to be worked on via electromagnetic radiation and pyrolysis.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a separator plate and a separator plate obtainable by the method, which enables a higher electrical conductivity with undiminished mechanical material properties and an reduced size.
- the method according to the invention for producing a separator plate for a fuel cell uses, for example, like the prior art mentioned at the beginning in the form of DE 10 2016 015318 A1, a curable material which is provided with electrically conductive fillers.
- This mixture can be processed accordingly, for example by applying it to a carrier film as in the cited DE document, and by forming a flow field with raised and lowered areas or the like.
- this is only to be understood as an example and is not essential for the method according to the invention.
- the electrically conductive fillers are aligned via an electrical and / or magnetic field, and that the material is then hardened with the electrically conductive fillers in the aligned orientation.
- the entire material mixture thus remains non-destructive and in the desired manner, so that the desired mechanical workpiece properties can be achieved without additional material and / or volume.
- An electromagnetic field or an electric field or a magnetic field is used to align at least some of the electrically conductive fillers in the material as long as it is still liquid or viscous. This alignment of the electrically conductive fillers in the material creates a higher electrical conductivity, since these are oriented, for example, along the field lines and converge there center.
- the curing then takes place, for example, by preheating the material to make it highly viscous, so that reorientation of the electrically conductive fillers is prevented before they continue to be in the electromagnetic field the desired orientation remains cured with the material who, for example by exposure to heat, by UV light or the like, as is already known in particular from the aforementioned DE 10 2016 015318 Al.
- a very advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the electrically conductive fillers are in the form of metallic fillers.
- the metallic fillers can, in particular, show silver, which ensures high electrical conductivity with sufficient material stability.
- a particularly favorable embodiment of the idea also provides for the electrically conductive fillers to be in powder form or in the form of nanoparticles, nanotubes or nanowires.
- the fillers are highly mobile in the still liquid or viscous material of the later plastic matrix, so that a particularly simple alignment of the electrically conductive fillers in the electromagnetic Field is possible, which is a decisive advantage with regard to the high conductivity to be achieved of the separator plate produced by the method according to the invention.
- the fillers are in the form of silver nanowires or at least have them.
- Such silver nanowires have a diameter of 30 to 50 nm and a length of 10 to 40 pm.
- they are provided in stabilized dispersions which can be ideally mixed with the still liquid matrix material, for example before it is applied to a carrier film, in order to use the preferred but not absolutely necessary method of DE 10 2016 015381 which has already been mentioned several times above Al stay.
- These silver nanowires have sufficient mobility in the still liquid material and ensure very good electrical conductivity after alignment, without adversely affecting the mechanical material properties of the separator plate in the areas in which they are appropriately concentrated and aligned.
- the electrical and / or magnetic field is designed such that areas with electrical conductivity and areas with electrical insulation are formed.
- the electrically conductive fillers in particular the nanowires made of silver, are concentrated and aligned there. This can be the case in particular along the field lines of the field. In between there are areas with a low orientation and a low concentration of electrically conductive fillers, so that electrical insulation is possible in these areas, or at least a very low electrical conductivity compared to the neighboring areas.
- a separator plate obtainable by the method according to the invention in one of the above-described embodiments can now be used as a separator plate or bipolar plate in a fuel cell stack, for example to form a light, compact and inexpensive PEM fuel cell stack which can be used to provide electrical power, for example can be used in a motor vehicle.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a manufacturing system for producing separator plates for fuel cells.
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a separator plate made in plan view.
- a manufacturing system 10 shown schematically in FIG. 1 serves to freeze separator plates, wherein a bipolar separator plate in the form of a bipolar plate 12 is shown in FIG. 2 in a plan view, which can be manufactured in the manufacturing system 10.
- the bipolar plates 12 are provided for fuel cells of a fuel cell stack, such as can be used in a motor vehicle.
- a carrier material is first provided in the form of a carrier film 14.
- the carrier film 14 can be wound on a roll 16.
- a heat-stabilized plastic film can be used as the carrier film 14.
- the carrier film 14 is unwound from the roll 16 and subsequently fed to further processing stations of the production system 10.
- a mixture 28 is applied to the carrier film 14, which comprises an electrically conductive material 20, wherein the mixture 28 can be cured.
- the carrier film 14 can be supplied with the mixture 28 via a slot nozzle 22 or the like application device, which comprises a polymer resin, for example an epoxy resin and / or acrylic resin, at least one solvent, photoinitiators and electrically conductive fillers.
- the mixture 28 can also have other fillers.
- the conductive fillers are in the form of metallic, electrically conductive fillers. These can preferably have silver and are particularly preferably in the form of a powder or in the form of nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles can comprise nanoparticles, nanotubes, or in particular nanowires. It is particularly favorable if the metallic fillers are designed in the form of silver nanowires to achieve the electrical conductivity, which have diameters of the order of 30 to 50 nm and a length of 10 to 40 pm. On the one hand, these ensure good electrical conductivity and, on the other hand, can largely move freely in the mixture 28 if it is still liquid or relatively viscous.
- Electromagnetic field 23 can be designed in the form of a single or also in the form of a plurality of electromagnetic fields arranged one behind the other or in the production direction 10 one behind the other.
- two active elements 25 are shown purely by way of example, with field lines 27 formed between them, which act accordingly on the mixture with the metallic fillers on the carrier film 14.
- regions can be insulated from one another or electrical conductivity can only be provided in regions which later face the adjacent cell of the fuel cell stack and therefore need this electrical conductivity, while those in A flow field facing away from the surface of the adjacent cell areas do not require electrical conductivity and can accordingly be formed without them.
- the two opposite surfaces of the bipolar plate 12 can also be electrically insulated from one another or at least electrically separated from one another by a region of low electrical conductivity, which is a further advantage.
- the solvent is vented from the mixture 28.
- the consistency and viscosity of the mixture 28 change.
- the mixture 28 is then predried, which is applied to the carrier film 14.
- the application of heat to the mixture 28 on the heating device 26 in the present case leads to gelling or gelling of the mixture 28.
- the mixture 28 can additionally be partially cured or pre-cured, with the orientation given via the electromagnetic field the metallic fillers is retained.
- the mixture 28 can be exposed to light, in particular radiation, such as UV light, at the processing station 30.
- Structures are then introduced into the fused or partially hardened mixture 28, for example in the form of channels 32 (see FIG. 2), which form a flow field 34 in the finished bipolar plate 12.
- desired surface structures 20 can be formed in the pre-dried or gelled and / or partially cured by UV light at the processing station 30.
- a, in particular two-part, embossing tool can be used as the tool 36, for example. Additionally or alternatively, this structuring can be carried out using a tool 36 suitable for roll forming or roll profiling.
- the channels 32 or groove structures can be formed in the mixture 28 in this way.
- the flow field 34 formed by means of the corresponding tool 36 enables a reactant to be applied to a membrane-electrode arrangement (not shown) of the fuel cell, for example with hydrogen as fuel or with oxygen or air as oxidizing agent.
- Structural elements can also be provided on surface structures by means of the tool 36, which are provided in the bipolar plate 12 in a respective transition region 40 between the flow field 34 and corresponding inlets or outlets for the reactants involved in the fuel cell reaction (see FIG. 2).
- the mixture 28 can be fully cured in a subsequent processing step.
- a corresponding light source 38 in particular UV light source, is provided at a further processing station. After the material 20 has hardened, for example by means of the UV light emitted by the light source 38, the corresponding structures are permanently formed in the mixture 28.
- a plurality of passages 44 can be formed, for example, by punching 42 (see FIG. 2).
- Such passages 44 usually provide a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, an oxidant inlet and an oxidant outlet, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet.
- these passages 44 form corresponding channels for supplying and removing the reactants or the coolant.
- the addition of metallic fillers increases the cooling capacity of the bipolar plate due to its higher thermal conductivity.
- an outer contour 56 of the bipolar plate 12 can be made as desired in a subsequent processing step or at a subsequent processing station.
- a laser or the like can be used in particular for the cutting 46.
- 28 areas can be removed from the hardened mixture by means of a laser in order to form desired structures in the bipolar plate 12.
- the hardened mixture 28 can moreover be connected to a further part formed from the mixture 28 as described above by a suitable joining method, in particular by gluing. Accordingly, a first partial plate of the bipolar plate 12 can be provided, which can be connected to a second partial plate of the bipolar plate 12 by joining 48. In this way, a flow field for a coolant can be provided in a cavity or intermediate space 50 between two such partial plates (see FIG. 2).
- a thickness 52 of the hardened mixture 28 (compare FIG. 2) is preferably very small. In particular, the thickness 52 is preferably significantly less than a depth 54 of the grooves or channels 32, which are formed in the region of the flow field 34 for the reactants or in the region of the flow field for the coolant.
- the hardened mixture 28 is tight against air or oxygen and against hydrogen. In addition, it has sufficient mechanical strength and structural integrity for the provision of the bipolar plates 12, which are to be used in the fuel cells of the fuel cell stack.
- the carrier film 14 provided with the hardened mixture 28 can also initially be provided as an intermediate product or semi-finished product, before corresponding final processing steps such as stamping 42, cutting 46 or joining 48 give the bipolar plate 12 its final shape.
- the intermediate product can in particular be wound up into a roll.
- the bipolar plate 12 with the desired outer contour 56 can then be formed by cutting 46 and joining 48 after detaching the hardened mixture 28 from the carrier film 14.
- the intermediate product can first be cut and, after the material 20 has been detached from the carrier film 14, the bipolar plate 12 can be formed by joining the partial plates thus obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018008249.1A DE102018008249A1 (de) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Separatorplatte |
| PCT/EP2019/077902 WO2020078961A1 (de) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer separatorplatte |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3867968A1 true EP3867968A1 (de) | 2021-08-25 |
Family
ID=68426400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19797576.6A Pending EP3867968A1 (de) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer separatorplatte |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210384528A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3867968A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN112823442A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018008249A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020078961A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4177991B1 (de) * | 2021-11-09 | 2024-05-01 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Bipolarplatte für eine brennstoffzelle mit integrierter leiteranordnung zur erzeugung eines gerichteten elektromagnetischen feldes |
| WO2025056790A1 (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2025-03-20 | Condalign As | Bipolar plate |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10201516A1 (de) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-08-07 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Leitfähiges Formteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US20050255360A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-11-17 | Arizona State University | Electrorheological design and manufacturing method for proton transport membranes and bipolar plates |
| WO2005060033A1 (ja) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | 燃料電池用セパレータ、その成形方法および製造方法、およびその製造装置 |
| JP5057263B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2012-10-24 | 東海カーボン株式会社 | 固体高分子形燃料電池用セパレータ材及びその製造方法 |
| CN105304915A (zh) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-02-03 | 北京锦源创新科技有限公司 | 一种用于燃料电池的双极板及其制造方法 |
| KR102269931B1 (ko) * | 2014-09-29 | 2021-06-28 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | 연료전지 분리판용 열가소성 프리프레그 중간재 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 분리판용 열가소성 프리프레그의 제조방법 |
| DE102014221351A1 (de) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-21 | Volkswagen Ag | Brennstoffzelle |
| KR20160106521A (ko) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-12 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전기화학 소자용 분리막의 제조방법 및 제조장치 |
| US10503811B2 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2019-12-10 | Adobe Inc. | Acquisition of a font portion using a compression mechanism |
| DE102016015318A1 (de) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Fertigen einer Separatorplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle, Separatorplatte und Zwischenprodukt für eine Separatorplatte |
| KR101799889B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-11-22 | 울산과학기술원 | 섬유 형상 전지 |
-
2018
- 2018-10-18 DE DE102018008249.1A patent/DE102018008249A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-10-15 US US17/285,933 patent/US20210384528A1/en active Pending
- 2019-10-15 WO PCT/EP2019/077902 patent/WO2020078961A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-15 EP EP19797576.6A patent/EP3867968A1/de active Pending
- 2019-10-15 CN CN201980068481.0A patent/CN112823442A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020078961A1 (de) | 2020-04-23 |
| DE102018008249A1 (de) | 2020-04-23 |
| CN112823442A (zh) | 2021-05-18 |
| US20210384528A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
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