EP4345409A1 - Unbemannter turm mit einem ballistischen schutzsystem in der dachstruktur und im boden - Google Patents

Unbemannter turm mit einem ballistischen schutzsystem in der dachstruktur und im boden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4345409A1
EP4345409A1 EP22199203.5A EP22199203A EP4345409A1 EP 4345409 A1 EP4345409 A1 EP 4345409A1 EP 22199203 A EP22199203 A EP 22199203A EP 4345409 A1 EP4345409 A1 EP 4345409A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turret
ballistic protection
protection unit
remotely operated
ballistic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP22199203.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4345409B1 (de
Inventor
James Caudle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
John Cockerill Defense SA
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John Cockerill Defense SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by John Cockerill Defense SA filed Critical John Cockerill Defense SA
Priority to EP22199203.5A priority Critical patent/EP4345409B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2023/072076 priority patent/WO2024068117A1/en
Publication of EP4345409A1 publication Critical patent/EP4345409A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4345409B1 publication Critical patent/EP4345409B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
    • F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
    • F41H7/04—Armour construction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technological field of protection system integration against threats, which is effective in particular against hollow charges (HC threats), explosively-formed or projectile-forming charges (P charges) and kinetic energy penetrators (KE munitions) on an unmanned (tele-operated) rotating turret integrated with a supporting platform which can be for example a terrestrial armored vehicle, a warship or an ISO container.
  • HC threats hollow charges
  • P charges explosively-formed or projectile-forming charges
  • KE munitions kinetic energy penetrators
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a protection system with a significantly increased crew and platform survivability against aggressively expanding top-attack threats, at low cost and with low weight penalty.
  • top attack The threat to turrets and associated supporting platforms (TSPs) from above (“top attack”) is increasing rapidly in terms of quantity, precision and lethality. This trend threatens the future viability of manned TSPs as conventional technical solutions are impractically costly and heavy. Furthermore the value of the personnel crewing in the TSP is increasing over time, as is societal intolerance of human casualties. The purpose is to satisfy the need to increase the survivability of the TSP crew while maintaining the affordability and operational effectiveness of the TSP as a combat system.
  • the generic device In the field of anti-armor weapons, the generic device is known of the skilled person by a variety of names such as hollow-charge (HC), shaped-charge (SC), High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT), etc., but the principle is the same: to explosively collapse a metallic plate in order to create a penetrator and to project that penetrator to the target at high speed.
  • the device has many variables changing the effects thereof. The most common is the collapsing of a nominally cone-shaped thin copper alloy plate into a narrow ultra-high-speed "needle" or “jet” that hydro-dynamically penetrates the armor to a potentially great depth, eventually causing injury to crew and damage to the interior of the vehicle.
  • the warhead specifically behaves as a hybrid of the HC and the EFP and produces a series of metal penetrators projected in line towards the target.
  • a hybrid warhead Such a weapon will be referred to herein as a hybrid warhead.
  • Hybrid warheads behave according to how much "jetting" or HC effect it has, and how much of a penetration effect (i.e. EFP effect) it produces.
  • top-attack systems to destroy a TSP are diverse and varied ; however they use one or both of the following fundamental physical mechanisms:
  • the mechanism acts by killing or disabling the TSP's crew and/or by destroying or damaging the technical systems thereof.
  • the technical problem to be solved is to seek to defeat or attenuate these fundamental physical mechanisms at minimum penalty in terms of cost, weight and volume. It has also to deal with new threats.
  • the dominant top-attack defeat mechanism is high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) for example by drone, anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) or bomblet.
  • HEAT high-explosive anti-tank
  • ATGM anti-tank guided missile
  • HEAT jets are naturally dynamic and unstable. If they destabilize and expand, their penetrative performance and lethality are reduced. HEAT jets can be artificially destabilized and disrupted through the use of various passive and energetic technologies, e.g. Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA). But HEAT jets also destabilize naturally over time, if they are allowed to do this.
  • ERA Explosive Reactive Armor
  • a kinetic energy penetrator (or KE weapon) is another type of ammunition, like a bullet or a flechette, that does not contain explosives but uses kinetic energy to penetrate the target.
  • an unmanned turret has plenty of free-space between turret roof and turret floor. This represents a design opportunity.
  • an unmanned turret was reconceived to function as a spaced armor array, then it could offer significant attenuation and containment in the event of top-attack overmatch. And this could be done in a very mass-efficient way.
  • Document EP 2 195 601 B1 discloses a combination of a ballistic protective assembly and a protective cell for the protection of a turret of a combat vehicle, wherein the protective assembly consists of at least two protective walls, an inner and an outer protective wall, formed from various materials, wherein the inner protective wall protects the protective cell of the turret and the outer protective wall protects the turret.
  • the protective cell accommodates at least one operator's position and is implemented as a self-supporting gas-tight and pressure-tight welded construction, on which the inner protective wall with suitable protective elements can be mounted.
  • An intermediate space between the outer skin and the wall of the protective cell or the turret can be occupied by assemblies, which, in addition to the ammunition, can be the electronics for ammunition delivery and also that of the turret controller or similar.
  • the inner protective wall and the outer protective wall in combination provide various classes of protection, the inner protective wall and the outer protective wall have the same or different levels of protection, the level of protection of the outer protective wall is taken into account in the implementation of the level of protection of the inner protective wall and the protective assembly is modular and adaptable.
  • the present invention aims, at low cost and weight, to increase the survivability of personnel operating TSPs that are fitted with unmanned turrets, when subject to attacks from above by diverse threats including but not limited to: suicide drones, precision guided munitions, conventional cannon-fired projectiles, submunitions (otherwise referred to as cluster munitions), free-flight rockets, grenades.
  • a purpose of the invention is to improve the protection of platform and crew against top-attack threat rapidly increasing in terms of lethality and quantity, while provision of protection/immunity against this kind of threat is likely to be unaffordable and/or impracticable, so that, for this solution, the main issue changes from one of turret protection to one of crew survival (perhaps also to avoidance of the total, catastrophic loss of the vehicle).
  • the present invention relates to a remotely operated unmanned turret intended to be mounted on a supporting platform, wherein the turret is provided with a two-level ballistic protection system made of a ballistic protection module respectively comprising a first ballistic protection unit mounted in a roof structure of the turret with a first set of specific ballistic protection functions, and of a second ballistic protection unit mounted in a floor of the turret with a second set of ballistic protections functions, an air gap, being provided between the first ballistic protection unit and the second ballistic protection unit, said air gap having also a ballistic protection function,
  • the remotely operated unmanned turret is further limited by one of the following characteristics or by a suitable combination thereof:
  • the present invention intends to concretize the sacrifice of the turret, while satisfying the following requirements :
  • the overmatch attenuation system (OAS) proposed according to the invention should deliver the following benefits:
  • Main battle tank (MBT) track-spaces are often used to enable light armors to defeat HEAT attack, with very high system mass-efficiency being achieved (see ex. in FIG. 1 , showing a MBT chassis with a turret equipped with a 105mm HP gun - NATO standard).
  • Track-space contains free air and a limited volume of tough automotive drive components.
  • Turret-space is traditionally full of crewmen, ammunition and fragile fire-control systems. To allow an expansion-cone to form in the track-space may be operationally acceptable but to permit this in manned turret-space is certainly not.
  • the formation of an expansion-cone in the turret-space should become operationally acceptable, on condition that it reduces the probability of death and injury to personnel located in the TSP chassis.
  • the turret may become sacrificial instead of sacrosanct.
  • the turret roof structure (see FIG. 3 ) comprises a bespoke integrated system, tailored according to need.
  • the turret roof structure may or may not be continuous and may vary in composition, geometry and performance across the turret area and between individual turrets.
  • the function of the turret roof structure may include (but is not limited to) the following points :
  • the turret floor structure (see FIG. 4 ) comprises a bespoke integrated system, tailored according to need.
  • the turret floor structure may or may not be continuous and may vary in composition, geometry and performance across the turret area and between individual turrets.
  • the function of the turret floor structure may include (but is not limited to) the following points :
  • the exact design of the turret roof/floor structure will vary over time with the evolving and changing nature of the threat and operational requirements, respectively.
  • an TSP may be in service for as long as fifty (50) years, so it will also be subject to serial upgrades in the course of its operational life.
  • the gap between the turret roof and floor structures may be not completely empty. Structures and systems such as the gun breech-ring and recoil cylinders will then contribute to the effectiveness of the invention by increasing the probability that no energetic material penetrates or enters the crew compartment of the TSP chassis.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP22199203.5A 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Unbemannter turm mit einem ballistischen schutzsystem in der dachstruktur und im boden Active EP4345409B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22199203.5A EP4345409B1 (de) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Unbemannter turm mit einem ballistischen schutzsystem in der dachstruktur und im boden
PCT/EP2023/072076 WO2024068117A1 (en) 2022-09-30 2023-08-09 Unmanned turret having a ballistic protection system in the roof structure and in the floor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22199203.5A EP4345409B1 (de) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Unbemannter turm mit einem ballistischen schutzsystem in der dachstruktur und im boden

Publications (2)

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EP4345409A1 true EP4345409A1 (de) 2024-04-03
EP4345409B1 EP4345409B1 (de) 2026-04-29

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EP (1) EP4345409B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2024068117A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL449453A1 (pl) * 2024-08-02 2026-02-09 Andrzej Płuciennik Urządzenie do obrony czołgu przed dronami kamikadze

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EP1499846B1 (de) 2003-03-11 2006-05-17 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Schutzvorrichtung für gepanzerte fahrzeuge, insbesondere gegen hohlladungsgeschosse
WO2006085989A2 (en) 2004-07-16 2006-08-17 Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense Company Explosively powered electromagnetic reactive armor
EP1731870A1 (de) 2005-06-09 2006-12-13 Rafael-Armament Development Authority Ltd. Energiedämpfungssytem und Element dafür
WO2008100343A2 (en) 2006-10-06 2008-08-21 Raytheon Company Dynamic armor
US7424845B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2008-09-16 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Active armor
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EP2195601A1 (de) 2007-08-31 2010-06-16 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Modularer, adaptierbarer ballistischer schutzaufbau insbesondere für einen waffenturm
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US20120137867A1 (en) 2009-08-11 2012-06-07 Sujoy Kumar Guha Vehicle Capable of Dissipating Explosion Force and Energy
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US20120186437A1 (en) 2010-11-17 2012-07-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-Axial Explosive, Laterally-Shearing, Tiled Reactive Mechanism - MAELSTRM
US8336439B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2012-12-25 Raytheon Company Layering non-metallic layers between metallic layers to improve armor protection
US20130213211A1 (en) 2010-08-24 2013-08-22 Battelle Memorial Institute Ferro electro magnetic armor
FR2990503A1 (fr) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-15 Nexter Systems Dispositif de montage d'une tourelle sur un vehicule blinde et vehicule equipe d'une tourelle fixee avec un tel dispositif de montage
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EP2040024B1 (de) 2007-09-20 2015-03-18 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Reaktivpanzerungsmodul
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DE102015103935A1 (de) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Schutzaufbau für ein gepanzertes Fahrzeug
US20180017358A1 (en) 2015-02-26 2018-01-18 David Cohen Reactive armor
EP3137842B1 (de) 2014-04-28 2019-01-02 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. System und verfahren zur neutralisierung von hohlladungsgefahren
ES2704553T3 (es) 2016-01-26 2019-03-18 Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co Kg Dispositivo de protección para la protección de un vehículo militar
EP3149427B1 (de) 2014-06-02 2019-04-10 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Elektrische reaktive panzerung
US10408578B2 (en) 2011-11-22 2019-09-10 Bae Systems Tactical Vehicle Systems Lp Armored cab for light tactical vehicles
US10670375B1 (en) 2017-08-14 2020-06-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Adaptive armor system with variable-angle suspended armor elements
US10775136B2 (en) 2018-04-26 2020-09-15 Southwest Research Institute Edge-on armor system with translating and rotating armor panels

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Patent Citations (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5070764A (en) 1989-01-18 1991-12-10 The State Of Israel, Ministry Of Defense, Rafael Armament Combined reactive and passive armor
DE4034401A1 (de) * 1990-10-29 1992-04-30 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Elektromagnetische panzerung
US5293806A (en) 1992-12-04 1994-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Reactive armor
US5577432A (en) 1994-11-10 1996-11-26 Rheinmetall Industrie Gmbh Protective device having a reactive armor
WO2002016857A1 (en) * 2000-08-25 2002-02-28 Hägglunds Vehicle Ab Weapon tower for a combat unit
US6622608B1 (en) 2001-06-26 2003-09-23 United Defense Lp Variable standoff extendable armor
US20050211086A1 (en) 2002-06-11 2005-09-29 Rafael Armament Development Authority Ltd. Controlled-harm explosive reactive armor (COHERA)
US7424845B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2008-09-16 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Active armor
US20140096673A1 (en) 2002-12-18 2014-04-10 Bae Systems Informantion And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Method of providing a defense against a shaped charge
EP1499846B1 (de) 2003-03-11 2006-05-17 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Schutzvorrichtung für gepanzerte fahrzeuge, insbesondere gegen hohlladungsgeschosse
US7513186B2 (en) 2004-03-11 2009-04-07 Plasan-Kibbutz Sasa Ballistic armor
US7546795B1 (en) 2004-06-15 2009-06-16 Foi Group, Inc. Enhanced light weight armor system with deflective operation
WO2006085989A2 (en) 2004-07-16 2006-08-17 Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense Company Explosively powered electromagnetic reactive armor
US7540229B2 (en) 2004-10-18 2009-06-02 Agency For Defense Development Explosive reactive armor with momentum transfer mechanism
US7730823B1 (en) 2005-01-15 2010-06-08 Cedar Ridge Research Llc Magnetic damping field armor system and method
EP1731870A1 (de) 2005-06-09 2006-12-13 Rafael-Armament Development Authority Ltd. Energiedämpfungssytem und Element dafür
WO2008100343A2 (en) 2006-10-06 2008-08-21 Raytheon Company Dynamic armor
WO2008153613A2 (en) 2007-03-02 2008-12-18 Force Protection Technologies, Inc. Armor system and method for defeating high energy projectiles that include metal jets
EP2195601A1 (de) 2007-08-31 2010-06-16 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Modularer, adaptierbarer ballistischer schutzaufbau insbesondere für einen waffenturm
EP2195601B1 (de) 2007-08-31 2012-11-28 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Modularer, adaptierbarer ballistischer schutzaufbau insbesondere für einen waffenturm
EP2040024B1 (de) 2007-09-20 2015-03-18 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Reaktivpanzerungsmodul
US8091464B1 (en) 2007-10-29 2012-01-10 Raytheon Company Shaped charge resistant protective shield
US20100282062A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2010-11-11 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Armor protection against explosively-formed projectiles
US20110067561A1 (en) 2008-01-23 2011-03-24 Joynt Vernon P Multilayer armor system for defending against missile-borne and stationary shaped charges
US20090293709A1 (en) 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Joynt Vernon P Apparatus for defeating high energy projectiles
EP2133649A2 (de) 2008-06-11 2009-12-16 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Panzerungseinrichtung für ein militärisches Fahrzeug
US20140318360A1 (en) 2008-10-24 2014-10-30 Alcoa Inc. Blast energy absorption system
US8151686B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2012-04-10 Plasan Sasa Ltd. Armor module
US7987762B2 (en) 2009-04-22 2011-08-02 Force Protection Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for defeating high energy projectiles
WO2011053399A2 (en) 2009-08-03 2011-05-05 Force Protection Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for defeating high energy projectiles
US20120137867A1 (en) 2009-08-11 2012-06-07 Sujoy Kumar Guha Vehicle Capable of Dissipating Explosion Force and Energy
US20120152101A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2012-06-21 Engleman Gregory W Apparatus for extending and retracting an armor system for defeating high energy projectiles
US8336439B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2012-12-25 Raytheon Company Layering non-metallic layers between metallic layers to improve armor protection
US9032858B2 (en) 2010-08-13 2015-05-19 Geke Schutztechnik Gmbh Reactive protection arrangement
US20130213211A1 (en) 2010-08-24 2013-08-22 Battelle Memorial Institute Ferro electro magnetic armor
US20120186437A1 (en) 2010-11-17 2012-07-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-Axial Explosive, Laterally-Shearing, Tiled Reactive Mechanism - MAELSTRM
US9068802B2 (en) 2011-08-11 2015-06-30 F.Lli Citterio Multi-layer structure for ballistic protection
US8807009B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2014-08-19 General Dynamics—OTS, Inc. Capacitive reactive armor assembly
US10408578B2 (en) 2011-11-22 2019-09-10 Bae Systems Tactical Vehicle Systems Lp Armored cab for light tactical vehicles
FR2990503A1 (fr) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-15 Nexter Systems Dispositif de montage d'une tourelle sur un vehicule blinde et vehicule equipe d'une tourelle fixee avec un tel dispositif de montage
WO2014123597A2 (en) 2012-11-20 2014-08-14 Tencate Advanced Armor Usa, Inc. Multi-row panel active blast system
US20160169634A1 (en) * 2013-07-10 2016-06-16 Oto Melara Spa Turret structure, in particular for a fighting vehicle
EP3137842B1 (de) 2014-04-28 2019-01-02 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. System und verfahren zur neutralisierung von hohlladungsgefahren
EP3149427B1 (de) 2014-06-02 2019-04-10 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Elektrische reaktive panzerung
US20180017358A1 (en) 2015-02-26 2018-01-18 David Cohen Reactive armor
DE102015103935A1 (de) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Schutzaufbau für ein gepanzertes Fahrzeug
ES2704553T3 (es) 2016-01-26 2019-03-18 Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co Kg Dispositivo de protección para la protección de un vehículo militar
US10670375B1 (en) 2017-08-14 2020-06-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Adaptive armor system with variable-angle suspended armor elements
US10775136B2 (en) 2018-04-26 2020-09-15 Southwest Research Institute Edge-on armor system with translating and rotating armor panels

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL449453A1 (pl) * 2024-08-02 2026-02-09 Andrzej Płuciennik Urządzenie do obrony czołgu przed dronami kamikadze

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WO2024068117A1 (en) 2024-04-04
EP4345409B1 (de) 2026-04-29

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