EP4470338A1 - Appareil de chauffage électrique de fluide - Google Patents
Appareil de chauffage électrique de fluideInfo
- Publication number
- EP4470338A1 EP4470338A1 EP23700900.6A EP23700900A EP4470338A1 EP 4470338 A1 EP4470338 A1 EP 4470338A1 EP 23700900 A EP23700900 A EP 23700900A EP 4470338 A1 EP4470338 A1 EP 4470338A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- interval
- switch
- heating elements
- switches
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
- B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0072—Special adaptations
- F24H1/009—Special adaptations for vehicle systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
- F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
- F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
- F24H15/429—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data for selecting operation modes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
- F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric fluid heating device, in particular for a vehicle.
- the vehicle can be land, sea or air.
- the vehicle may be a motor vehicle. This may include an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the present invention relates in particular to the fields of ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and/or temperature regulation of a battery.
- PWM Pulse-Width Modulation or in French Modulation de width d'pulse
- the present invention aims to improve the aforementioned heating appliances.
- the subject of the invention is thus an electric fluid heating device, in particular for a vehicle such as a motor vehicle, comprising:
- a control device arranged to control, using PWM signals, the electric power applied to only one of the electric heating elements, then the electric power applied to only one of the other electric heating elements, so that the control using PWM signals only applies to one of the electric heating elements at a time.
- the invention thus makes it possible to control, using PWM signals, the electrical power successively in the electrical heating elements.
- the control device comprises a plurality of electronic switches, in particular in the form of IGBT transistors (IGBT designating Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor in English, or in French Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), each electronic switch being associated with one of the electrical heating elements and arranged to control, using PWM signals, the electrical power applied to this heating element.
- IGBT transistors IGBT designating Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor in English, or in French Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- the invention thus makes it possible to operate only one of the switches at a time, to control the electrical power with PWM signals.
- the other switches are not requested in PWM during this time, and are for example either in an open state or in a closed state.
- only one of the IGBT switches is in PWM operation and the other IGBT switches are all open.
- only one of the IGBT switches is in PWM operation and some of the other IGBT switches are open and some are closed.
- the switch is open, the associated heating element sees no electrical power.
- the switch is closed, the associated heating element sees a predetermined electrical power.
- the invention makes it possible to request only one switch at a time for PWM control, instead of, for example, requesting them all at the same time, which makes it possible to increase the service life of the switches.
- the solicitation of the switches is done in turn.
- the switches are actuated less often between closed state and open state, which generates less disturbance and allows a better gain in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
- the associated heating element when the switch is in the closed state, receives a predetermined electrical power of between 1 kW and 3 kW, or even between 3 kW and 5 kW.
- the heating device receives an electrical power of up to 15 kW.
- control device is arranged to use all the switches in PWM, one after the other.
- the invention is advantageous in the sense that it makes it possible to solicit the switches in a similar way so that these switches have a similar lifespan. For example, one of the switches is prevented from being excessively stressed in relation to the others, which could cause this switch to be out of service prematurely.
- control device is arranged to control the switches to reach a value of total electrical power applied to all of the heating elements, with the operation of one of the switches in PWM mode over a first time interval, and the setting of the other switches either in an open state or in a closed state over this first time interval.
- control device is arranged to allow that, over a second time interval which immediately follows the first interval, the switch which was in PWM mode on the first interval passes into an open or closed state, and one of the other switches which was in the open or closed state on the first interval, passes into PWM mode.
- the device comprises three electric heating elements, and the control device is arranged to:
- the three intervals are equal in duration. This duration is for example 100 or 500 milliseconds.
- the control device determines the duty cycle of the PWM to be applied to reach the value of electrical power required on the associated heating element.
- control device is arranged to generate, in each interval in PWM mode, a series of at least 5, for example 9 or 10, pulses.
- a series of at least 5, for example 9 or 10 pulses the PWM mode is used for another electronic switch.
- the duration of the first interval is equal to 9 or 10 times the period of the PWM pulses.
- the fluid which is contained in the heating device is a heat transfer fluid, for example a mixture of water and glycol or oil, this heat transfer fluid being intended to pass through a heat exchanger separate from the heating device, this heat exchanger forming in particular part of an air conditioning assembly for a vehicle interior.
- each electrical heating element comprises an electrical resistor, in particular configured in the form of a spiral.
- the device comprises a housing in which the electric heating elements are housed.
- Another subject of the invention is an assembly for ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and/or thermo-regulation of a battery of the vehicle, this assembly comprising the heating device as mentioned above.
- Another subject of the invention is a process for the electrical heating of fluid, in particular for a vehicle such as a motor vehicle, comprising the following steps:
- FIG. 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, in section, a heating device according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 1 There is shown in Figure 1 a heater 1 which is used to heat a heat transfer liquid, for example a mixture of water and glycol or oil.
- a heat transfer liquid for example a mixture of water and glycol or oil.
- This device 1 comprises a housing 2 for circulating the fluid and, in this housing 2, three heating elements 4, only two of which are shown in FIG.
- This device 1 further comprises a cover 6 carrying the heating elements 4, and a device 8 for controlling the electrical power applied to the heating elements 4.
- the housing 2 houses a first fluid circulation chamber 21, which is arranged to receive the electric heating elements 4 so that the fluid circulating in the housing 2 is brought into contact with the electric heating elements 4.
- the housing 2 also houses a second chamber 22 in which the control device 8 is housed.
- the housing 2 houses a third chamber 23 which is separated from the first chamber 21 by means of the cover 6.
- the housing 2 is formed, in the example described, by casting aluminum and/or aluminum alloy.
- the housing 2 comprises at least a first inlet pipe (not shown) and at least a second outlet pipe 25 in communication with said chamber 21.
- the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe 25 are arranged on the same side of the housing 2, here at the level of a bottom 26 of the housing 2.
- the outlet pipe 25 opens directly into the chamber 21 through a first lumen 29.
- the inlet pipe opens into the chamber 21 by a second lumen formed at one end of said chamber, opposite the bottom 26.
- the inlet pipe comprises a channel (not shown) longitudinally along the chamber 21 and opening into said chamber.
- Each electric heating element 4 comprises a shielded resistor 41 arranged in a spiral as well as at least one connection terminal 42 intended to connect said resistor to a power supply source.
- the electric heating elements 4 extend longitudinally in the housing 2.
- the cover 6 includes openings 61 in which the electrical heating elements 4 are mounted in such a way that, for each of said electrical elements, the resistor 41 extends into the first chamber 21 and the terminals 42 extend through the cover 6 and open into the third chamber 23.
- the second chamber 22 is located above the first chamber 21, along the latter, and is closed off by means of an upper cover 3.
- the second chamber 22 includes vertical projections 31 and a platform 32 formed on a dividing wall 10 between the second chamber 22 and the first chamber 21.
- the heater 1 further comprises at least one temperature sensor 33 intended to provide information relating to the temperature of the fluid and/or the electric heating element(s) 4.
- the control device 8 is arranged to control, using PWM signals, the electric power applied to only one of the electric heating elements 4, then the electric power applied to only one of the other electric heating elements 4, so that the control using PWM signals only applies to one of the electric heating elements 4 at a time.
- the invention thus makes it possible to control, using PWM signals, the electrical power successively in the electrical heating elements 4.
- control device 8 comprises three electronic switches 36, in the form of IGBT transistors (IGBT designating Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor in English, or in French Bipolar transistor with insulated gate) to control the electrical power on each heating element 4.
- IGBT transistors IGBT designating Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor in English, or in French Bipolar transistor with insulated gate
- Each electronic switch 36 is associated with one of the electrical heating elements 4 and arranged to control, using PWM signals, the electrical power applied to this heating element 4.
- IGBT transistors 37 are provided, different from transistors 36, which provide a safety function, for example in the event of an electrical current overload or overheating detection, and do not provide a control function like transistors 36.
- Each heating element 4 is thus in series, at one of its terminals, with an IGBT transistor 36 and, at the other of its terminals, with an IGBT transistor 37, thus forming a branch 38.
- the device 1 comprises three branches 38 in parallel.
- the heating elements 4, and therefore the respective branches 38, are connected to negative 50 and positive 51 terminals of an electrical source, for example a vehicle battery, to deliver a high voltage to the terminals of the heating elements 4, this high voltage being for example from 200 to 1000 volts.
- an electrical source for example a vehicle battery
- the invention provides for operating only one of the switches 36 at a time, to control the electrical power with PWM signals.
- the other switches 36 are not requested in PWM during this time, and are for example either in an open state or in a closed state.
- the invention makes it possible to request only one switch 36 at a time for PWM control, instead of, for example, requesting them all at the same time, which makes it possible to increase the life of the switches.
- the solicitation of the switches is done in turn.
- the associated heating element 4 receives a predetermined electrical power of between 1 kW and 3 kW, or even between 3 kW and 5 kW.
- the control device 8 is arranged to use all the switches 36 in PWM, one after the other.
- This control device 8 further comprises a microcontroller 39 arranged to deliver to the IGBT switches 36 PWM signals to control the electrical power applied to each heating element 4.
- the IGBT transistors 36 and the microcontroller 39 can be mounted on the electronic board 35.
- control device 8 is arranged for:
- control device 8 is arranged to repeat these steps the number of times necessary.
- the three intervals I1, I2 and I3 are equal in duration. This duration is for example from 100 to 500 milliseconds.
- control device 8 determines the duty cycle of the PWM to be applied to reach the electrical power value required on the associated heating element 4.
- the control device 8 is arranged to generate, in each interval 11, I2 and I3 in PWM mode, a series of at least 9 or 10 pulses.
- the duration of each interval I1, I2 and I3 is equal to 9 or 10 times the period of the PWM pulses.
- the heat transfer fluid is intended to pass through a heat exchanger separate from the heating device, this heat exchanger being part of an air conditioning assembly for a vehicle cabin.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2200556A FR3132188A1 (fr) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Appareil de chauffage électrique de fluide |
| PCT/EP2023/051190 WO2023139149A1 (fr) | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-19 | Appareil de chauffage électrique de fluide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4470338A1 true EP4470338A1 (fr) | 2024-12-04 |
Family
ID=81448468
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23700900.6A Pending EP4470338A1 (fr) | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-19 | Appareil de chauffage électrique de fluide |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4470338A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3132188A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023139149A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10074299B2 (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2018-09-11 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Pulse width modulation for a head-mounted display device display illumination system |
| CN109246859B (zh) * | 2018-06-22 | 2021-01-22 | 杭州先途电子有限公司 | 一种加热控制方法及装置 |
| FR3104374A1 (fr) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-11 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de chauffage de fluide, notamment destiné à un véhicule |
-
2022
- 2022-01-24 FR FR2200556A patent/FR3132188A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-01-19 EP EP23700900.6A patent/EP4470338A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-01-19 WO PCT/EP2023/051190 patent/WO2023139149A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3132188A1 (fr) | 2023-07-28 |
| WO2023139149A1 (fr) | 2023-07-27 |
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Owner name: VALEO ELECTRIFICATION |