EP4579711A2 - Elektrisches gerät, elektrisches unterbrechungssystem mit einem solchen gerät - Google Patents

Elektrisches gerät, elektrisches unterbrechungssystem mit einem solchen gerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4579711A2
EP4579711A2 EP25176668.9A EP25176668A EP4579711A2 EP 4579711 A2 EP4579711 A2 EP 4579711A2 EP 25176668 A EP25176668 A EP 25176668A EP 4579711 A2 EP4579711 A2 EP 4579711A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrical
circuit breaker
fuse
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP25176668.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4579711A3 (de
Inventor
Arokiaraj ANDONISSAMY
Sébastien Roger Pierre DUBOC
Guillaume LEMMEL
Jean-François OEUVRARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mersen France SB SAS
Original Assignee
Mersen France SB SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mersen France SB SAS filed Critical Mersen France SB SAS
Publication of EP4579711A2 publication Critical patent/EP4579711A2/de
Publication of EP4579711A3 publication Critical patent/EP4579711A3/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
    • H01H9/106—Adaptation for built-in fuses fuse and switch being connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H2037/5463—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting the bimetallic snap element forming part of switched circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/002—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current provided with a cartridge-magazine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical apparatus and an electrical system for interrupting an electric current.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the field of electrical protection.
  • Fuses typically consist of a fuse blade placed in a housing filled with a material such as silica.
  • the blade is configured to melt when the current flowing through the fuse exceeds a predetermined value for a certain period of time.
  • WO 2018/167169 A1 describes an example of such an electrical device, in which a fuse is connected in parallel with a pyrotechnic circuit breaker.
  • the pyrotechnic circuit breaker is configured to trigger with a very short reaction time in the event of an electrical fault, and the fuse is configured to ensure total interruption of the current, for example to prevent any re-formation of an electric arc in the pyrotechnic circuit breaker.
  • the invention relates to an electrical apparatus as defined in claim 1.
  • FIG. 1 represents an embodiment of an electrical system 2 configured to interrupt an electric current, for example in order to protect an electrical load or an electrical installation.
  • the device 2 comprises a circuit breaker 4 having terminals 6 and 8, allowing the circuit breaker 4 to be connected to an electrical circuit, for example between an electrical load and a generator.
  • the apparatus 2 also comprises an electrical apparatus 10 and a fuse 12 electrically connected in parallel with the circuit breaker 4 between terminals 6 and 8.
  • the circuit breaker 4 can be switched from an electrically conductive state to an electrically blocking (or open) state.
  • the circuit breaker 4 may be a pyrotechnic circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker 4 may include an explosive charge configured to, when triggered, physically sever an electrical conductor extending between the terminals 8 and 6 of the circuit breaker 4.
  • the circuit breaker 4 comprises a body 20 and a cut-off member 22 (such as a piston) configured to move by translation in the body 20, for example following the triggering of a pyrotechnic charge (not illustrated).
  • a cut-off member 22 such as a piston
  • the cutting member 22 is configured to cut an internal electrical conductor housed inside the body 20, this electrical conductor connecting the terminal 6 to the terminal 8.
  • the electrical device 10 comprises a body 30 delimiting a closed interior volume, a first electrode E1, a second electrode E2 and a third electrode E3.
  • the fusible element F1 melts. This leads to the appearance of an electric arc A between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. The arc A is then deflected to establish itself between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3.
  • the free ends 40, 42 of the first electrode and the second electrode are partially separated by an electrically insulating barrier 44.
  • Insert (b) represents a second alternative embodiment 10b of the apparatus 10 of the Figure 1 .
  • the apparatus is arranged such that the breakdown voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode E2 is lower than the breakdown voltage between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3.
  • the body 50 of the device 10b has a tubular or cylindrical shape.
  • the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3 are aligned with each other and with the tubular body and open onto opposite faces of the tubular body.
  • the second electrode E2 opens into the body 50 through the wall cylindrical body, off-center (or asymmetrical) with respect to the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3.
  • the second electrode E2 is off-center (or asymmetrical) with respect to the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3.
  • the distance between the electrodes E1 and E3 is greater than 1.2 times the distance between the electrodes E1 and E2.
  • the end faces 52, 54 of the body 50 may have a conical or trapezoidal shape.
  • the internal wall of said faces may comprise electrically conductive pads.
  • the fusible conductive element F1 can be replaced by a bimetallic strip, or more generally by an electrical conductor made of shape memory material, connecting the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises an electrically conductive element connecting the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2, the electrically conductive element being configured to be modified when the current passing through it exceeds said threshold value.
  • the electrically conductive element is the fusible element F1
  • said modification consists of a melting of the fusible element F1.
  • the electrically conductive element is a deformable shape memory material, such as a bimetallic strip
  • the modification consists of a deformation.
  • the apparatus 10 as well as its variants, can be used independently of the electrical system 2.
  • FIG. 3 represents a first state of the system 2 immediately after the circuit breaker 4 has been triggered.
  • the internal conductor has been cut into portions 24, 26 and 28 by the cut-off member 22.
  • the electric current C1 coming from the terminal 8 continues to flow through the circuit breaker, because electric arcs, denoted A, have formed on the one hand between the conductor portions 24 and 26 and on the other hand between the conductor portions 26 and 28.
  • FIG. 4 represents a second state of system 2 subsequent to the first state.
  • the electric current C1 continues to flow through the circuit breaker 4 due to the presence of the electric arcs A1 and A2.
  • the fusible conductive element F1 does not melt. This means that the voltage generated by the electric arcs A1 and A2 then A2 and A3 was sufficient in itself to oppose the flow of current and to cancel it. In this case, the current C1 is canceled while the fuse F1 is simply heated by the Joule effect, but is not melted.
  • the final electrical insulation is ensured in the circuit breaker by the distances between the free ends of the conductors, and in the device 10 by the distance in the air between the electrodes E1 and E3 (or the wall 62 if present).
  • FIG. 5 represents a third state of system 2, subsequent to the second state.
  • the electric arc A established between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is deflected to establish itself between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3 (electric arc A on the Figure 5 ).
  • fuse 12 blows to interrupt the flow of electric current C1. The flow of current in electrical system 2 is then interrupted.
  • the final electrical insulation is ensured in the circuit breaker by the distances between the free ends of the conductors, and by the fuse F2.
  • the fuse 12 Since the fuse 12 is not permanently crossed by the electric current flowing between the terminals 6 and 8 of the circuit breaker 4 under normal circumstances (the fuse 12 is protected from this current by the device 10), then the service life of the fuse 12 can be extended. This increases the reliability of the electrical system 2.
  • the characteristics of the fuse 12 are chosen as a function of the cooling time of the ionized gases in the housing 30.
  • the electrical system 2b is generally identical to the system 2 and has a similar operation, except that the second electrode E2 is now connected to the central conductor portion 28, instead of opening freely into the extinguishing chamber.
  • the insert (a) represents a first embodiment of a cartridge 70 in which the device 10 and the fuse 12 are integrated.
  • region 76 comprises the absorbing elements 32, 34 as well as, where appropriate, the voltage suppressor element 60.
  • the fusible conductive element F1 connects the first electrode E1 to the voltage suppressor element 60 or directly to the second electrode E2.
  • Insert (b) of the Figure 7 represents a second embodiment of a cartridge 80 in which at least some of the components of the device 10 are integrated. This embodiment is especially applicable to the embodiment of the electrical system 2b illustrated in the figure 8 .
  • This embodiment differs in particular from the other embodiments of the system 2a in that the device 10 is produced in the form of an assembly 90 in which the fuse element F1 is associated with a second circuit breaker 92 comprising a pyrotechnic charge 94, a movable contact 96 and connection terminals 98.
  • One of the terminals 98 is connected to the fuse 12 while the other terminal 98 is connected to a first electrode 100A connected to the terminal 8.
  • a second electrode 100B connects the fuse element F1 to the central portion 28 via the voltage suppressor element 60 and a third electrode 100C.
  • the electrode 100C is connected directly to the electrode 100B.
  • the pyrotechnic charge 94 is connected to the electrode 100B and the electrode 100A, so as to be triggered when the fuse element F1 has melted.
  • the system allows the current arriving from the terminal 8 of the circuit breaker 4 to be diverted to the fuse 12.
  • the cartridge 80 comprises a tubular or cylindrical body 82 which delimits a region 84 comprising a fuse blade F1 immersed in a siliceous material, such as sand, and extending between the electrodes 100A and 100B.
  • the tubular body 82 is made of electrically insulating material, for example plastic, or ceramic, or a composite material comprising glass fibers embedded in a resin matrix, or any suitable material.
  • the apparatus 10 can be integrated inside the circuit breaker 4.
  • the electrodes E1 and E2 are arranged in the cut-off member 22, emerging from the cut-off member 22, the latter being electrically conductive, while the electrode E3 is arranged in the body 20 of the circuit breaker 4, so as to be opposite and aligned with the electrode E1 when the cut-off member 22 is in the deployed position.
  • the fuse 12 is only connected in parallel with the circuit breaker 4 when the circuit breaker 4 is triggered and only on condition that the energy passing through the circuit breaker has exceeded a threshold value, this to prevent the fuse 12 from being permanently crossed by an electric current, since this could lead to premature aging of the fuse.
  • the invention also makes it possible to guarantee rapid opening of the circuit even when the current passing through it when it is triggered is low or zero.
  • the threshold value determined by the fuse element rating F1 has many advantages in practical terms and in terms of ease of industrial production.
  • the threshold value is easy to adjust during product development and can be easily controlled during large-scale production.
  • This threshold value is also stable over time, being relatively insensitive to aging (unlike a plastic membrane, for example) and insensitive to ambient pressure.
  • the threshold value tends to be relatively independent of the inductance value of the installation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
EP25176668.9A 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Elektrisches gerät, elektrisches unterbrechungssystem mit einem solchen gerät Pending EP4579711A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2101841A FR3120155A1 (fr) 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Appareil électrique, système électrique de coupure comportant un tel appareil
PCT/EP2022/054708 WO2022180182A1 (fr) 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Appareil électrique, système électrique de coupure comportant un tel appareil
EP22713867.4A EP4298653B1 (de) 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Elektrische vorrichtung und abschaltsystem mit einer solchen vorrichtung

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22713867.4A Division EP4298653B1 (de) 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Elektrische vorrichtung und abschaltsystem mit einer solchen vorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4579711A2 true EP4579711A2 (de) 2025-07-02
EP4579711A3 EP4579711A3 (de) 2025-09-17

Family

ID=76375144

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22713867.4A Active EP4298653B1 (de) 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Elektrische vorrichtung und abschaltsystem mit einer solchen vorrichtung
EP25176668.9A Pending EP4579711A3 (de) 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Elektrisches gerät, elektrisches unterbrechungssystem mit einem solchen gerät

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22713867.4A Active EP4298653B1 (de) 2021-02-25 2022-02-24 Elektrische vorrichtung und abschaltsystem mit einer solchen vorrichtung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US12525417B2 (de)
EP (2) EP4298653B1 (de)
CN (1) CN116918020A (de)
FR (1) FR3120155A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2022180182A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3120155A1 (fr) 2021-02-25 2022-08-26 Mersen France Sb Sas Appareil électrique, système électrique de coupure comportant un tel appareil

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018167169A1 (fr) 2017-03-17 2018-09-20 Autoliv Development Ab Interrupteur pyrotechnique avec moyens fusibles
WO2020260382A1 (fr) 2019-06-25 2020-12-30 Mersen France Sb Sas Coupe-circuit électrique

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1297273A (fr) * 1961-05-16 1962-06-29 Commutateur électrique commandé par un échauffement
AT297831B (de) * 1969-11-13 1972-04-10 Electrovac Elektrischer Schalter
US3805208A (en) * 1973-06-14 1974-04-16 Alister C Mc Protector for electric circuits
CN202632917U (zh) * 2010-12-31 2012-12-26 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 一种温度保险丝与电阻结合的装置
DE102012112480B4 (de) 2012-07-04 2018-10-04 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Gekapselte, blitzstromtragfähige und folgestrombegrenzende Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung mit mindestens einer Funkenstrecke
CN104662635B (zh) * 2012-09-28 2017-11-17 奥托立夫开发公司 电烟火开关
DE102017125208B4 (de) 2017-10-27 2021-08-12 Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh Elektrisches Sicherungselement sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Sicherungselementes
US10636607B2 (en) * 2017-12-27 2020-04-28 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited High voltage compact fused disconnect switch device with bi-directional magnetic arc deflection assembly
FR3120155A1 (fr) 2021-02-25 2022-08-26 Mersen France Sb Sas Appareil électrique, système électrique de coupure comportant un tel appareil

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018167169A1 (fr) 2017-03-17 2018-09-20 Autoliv Development Ab Interrupteur pyrotechnique avec moyens fusibles
WO2020260382A1 (fr) 2019-06-25 2020-12-30 Mersen France Sb Sas Coupe-circuit électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022180182A1 (fr) 2022-09-01
FR3120155A1 (fr) 2022-08-26
EP4298653A1 (de) 2024-01-03
US20240234067A9 (en) 2024-07-11
US20240136136A1 (en) 2024-04-25
EP4579711A3 (de) 2025-09-17
CN116918020A (zh) 2023-10-20
EP4298653B1 (de) 2025-06-11
US12525417B2 (en) 2026-01-13

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