FR2637409A1 - Memoire pour ordinateur - Google Patents

Memoire pour ordinateur

Info

Publication number
FR2637409A1
FR2637409A1 FR8913040A FR8913040A FR2637409A1 FR 2637409 A1 FR2637409 A1 FR 2637409A1 FR 8913040 A FR8913040 A FR 8913040A FR 8913040 A FR8913040 A FR 8913040A FR 2637409 A1 FR2637409 A1 FR 2637409A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
probe
memory
recording member
computer
disturbances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8913040A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
FR2637409B1 (fr
Inventor
Hiroshi Kajimura
Takao Okada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olympus Corp
Original Assignee
Olympus Optical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olympus Optical Co Ltd filed Critical Olympus Optical Co Ltd
Publication of FR2637409A1 publication Critical patent/FR2637409A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2637409B1 publication Critical patent/FR2637409B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B21/00Head arrangements not specific to the method of recording or reproducing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B15/00Driving, starting or stopping record carriers of filamentary or web form; Driving both such record carriers and heads; Guiding such record carriers or containers therefor; Control thereof; Control of operating function
    • G11B15/18Driving; Starting; Stopping; Arrangements for control or regulation thereof
    • G11B15/1808Driving of both record carrier and head
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B23/00Record carriers not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Accessories, e.g. containers, specially adapted for co-operation with the recording or reproducing apparatus ; Intermediate mediums; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for their manufacture
    • G11B23/50Reconditioning of record carriers; Cleaning of record carriers ; Carrying-off electrostatic charges
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/08Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using electrostatic charge injection; Record carriers therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • G11B9/1418Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • G11B9/1418Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers
    • G11B9/1427Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers with provision for moving the heads or record carriers relatively to each other or for access to indexed parts without effectively imparting a relative movement
    • G11B9/1436Disposition or mounting of heads or record carriers with provision for moving the heads or record carriers relatively to each other or for access to indexed parts without effectively imparting a relative movement with provision for moving the heads or record carriers relatively to each other
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • G11B9/1463Record carriers for recording or reproduction involving the use of microscopic probe means
    • G11B9/1472Record carriers for recording or reproduction involving the use of microscopic probe means characterised by the form
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11CSTATIC STORES
    • G11C11/00Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
    • G11C11/21Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
    • G11C11/22Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using ferroelectric elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y10/00Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q10/00Scanning or positioning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for actively controlling the movement or position of the probe
    • G01Q10/04Fine scanning or positioning
    • G01Q10/06Circuits or algorithms therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q60/00Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
    • G01Q60/10STM [Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. STM probes
    • G01Q60/16Probes, their manufacture, or their related instrumentation, e.g. holders
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q70/00General aspects of SPM probes, their manufacture or their related instrumentation, insofar as they are not specially adapted to a single SPM technique covered by group G01Q60/00
    • G01Q70/06Probe tip arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01QSCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q80/00Applications, other than SPM, of scanning-probe techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B9/00Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/12Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B9/14Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
    • G11B9/1463Record carriers for recording or reproduction involving the use of microscopic probe means
    • G11B9/149Record carriers for recording or reproduction involving the use of microscopic probe means characterised by the memorising material or structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/849Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/849Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe
    • Y10S977/86Scanning probe structure
    • Y10S977/861Scanning tunneling probe
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/88Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with arrangement, process, or apparatus for testing
    • Y10S977/881Microscopy or spectroscopy, e.g. sem, tem
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/902Specified use of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/932Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
    • Y10S977/943Information storage or retrieval using nanostructure

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne les mémoires pour ordinateurs. Elle se rapporte à une mémoire qui comporte un organe d'enregistrement dans lequel des perturbations sont formées sélectivement. Une sonde 20 détecte la présence ou l'absence de perturbations, la sonde 20 étant montée à l'extrémité avant d'un organe en porte-à-faux 14 qui est placé en face d'un autre organe en porte-à-faux 12 ayant un organe d'enregistrement à son extrémité avant. Le pilotage indépendant des deux organes en porte-à-faux 12, 14 permet un balayage de la sonde sur l'organe d'enregistrement placé en face, sur une grande surface. Application aux mémoires d'ordinateurs.
FR8913040A 1988-10-05 1989-10-05 Memoire pour ordinateur Expired - Fee Related FR2637409B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63251575A JPH0298896A (ja) 1988-10-05 1988-10-05 記憶装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2637409A1 true FR2637409A1 (fr) 1990-04-06
FR2637409B1 FR2637409B1 (fr) 1994-10-07

Family

ID=17224856

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR8913040A Expired - Fee Related FR2637409B1 (fr) 1988-10-05 1989-10-05 Memoire pour ordinateur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5036490A (fr)
JP (1) JPH0298896A (fr)
DE (1) DE3933160A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2637409B1 (fr)
NL (1) NL8902475A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0381113A3 (fr) * 1989-02-03 1991-06-19 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Appareil d'enregistrement par courant tunnel avec bras de leviers séparés
EP0481499A3 (en) * 1990-10-19 1993-03-31 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording/reproducing apparatus such as a memory apparatus
EP0478666A4 (en) * 1989-06-20 1993-07-28 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Microfabricated microscope assembly
EP0518283A3 (en) * 1991-06-12 1993-08-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Information recording and/or reproducing apparatus

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5289408A (en) * 1989-02-09 1994-02-22 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Memory apparatus using tunnel current techniques
US5075548A (en) * 1989-07-17 1991-12-24 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Tunnel current probe moving mechanism having parallel cantilevers
US5216631A (en) * 1990-11-02 1993-06-01 Sliwa Jr John W Microvibratory memory device
EP0492915B1 (fr) * 1990-12-17 1996-09-04 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Capteur du type cantilever et dispositif utilisant ce capteur
DE69228103T2 (de) * 1991-10-15 1999-07-15 Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Informationsverarbeitungsgerät mit Spurausrichtungsmechanismus
US5615143A (en) * 1994-09-19 1997-03-25 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Optomechanical terabit data storage system
JP3652728B2 (ja) * 1994-12-31 2005-05-25 ヒューレット・パッカード・カンパニー 走査型メモリ装置および誤り訂正方法
JP3935976B2 (ja) * 1995-02-08 2007-06-27 ヒューレット・パッカード・カンパニー 半導体層構造および大容量メモリ装置の記録媒体
US5717631A (en) * 1995-07-21 1998-02-10 Carnegie Mellon University Microelectromechanical structure and process of making same
DE69524112T2 (de) * 1995-07-28 2002-08-01 International Business Machines Corp., Armonk Massenspeicherverwendung von lokalprobeanordnung
US6000047A (en) * 1995-12-08 1999-12-07 Hewlett-Packard Company Scanning memory device and error correction method
US5835477A (en) * 1996-07-10 1998-11-10 International Business Machines Corporation Mass-storage applications of local probe arrays
DE19701701A1 (de) * 1997-01-21 1998-07-23 Zeiss Carl Fa Sondenarray für ein Rastersondenmikroskop
US6016267A (en) 1998-02-17 2000-01-18 International Business Machines High speed, high bandwidth, high density, nonvolatile memory system
KR100331451B1 (ko) 2000-05-10 2002-04-09 윤종용 탄소 함유 물질을 이용한 재기록 가능한 데이타 스토리지및 그 기록/재생 방법
US6473361B1 (en) 2000-11-10 2002-10-29 Xerox Corporation Electromechanical memory cell
JP4261081B2 (ja) * 2001-04-13 2009-04-30 富士フイルム株式会社 画像ファイリング方法および装置並びにプログラム
CN100477067C (zh) * 2002-07-08 2009-04-08 马尔蒂普罗布公司 多个扫描探针的软件同步
US7362549B2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2008-04-22 Seagate Technology Llc Storage device having first and second magnetic elements that interact magnetically to indicate a storage state
RU2256239C1 (ru) * 2004-11-10 2005-07-10 Броня Цой Способ записи и считывания кодированной информации
US7349236B2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2008-03-25 Xerox Corporation Electromechanical memory cell with torsional movement
EP3809143B1 (fr) 2019-10-17 2023-07-19 Imec VZW Procédé pour microscopie à sonde à balayage

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4575822A (en) * 1983-02-15 1986-03-11 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and means for data storage using tunnel current data readout
EP0247219A1 (fr) * 1986-05-27 1987-12-02 International Business Machines Corporation Unité de stockage à accès direct

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362148A (en) * 1973-01-18 1974-07-30 Fajans J Memory storage device and method of making the same
US3855583A (en) * 1973-06-04 1974-12-17 Rockwell International Corp Conductor-insulator-junction (cij) optical memory device and a memory system dependent thereon
US4907195A (en) * 1984-09-14 1990-03-06 Xerox Corporation Method of and system for atomic scale recording of information
US4829507A (en) * 1984-09-14 1989-05-09 Xerox Corporation Method of and system for atomic scale readout of recorded information
US4878213A (en) * 1984-09-14 1989-10-31 Xerox Corporation System for recording and readout of information at atomic scale densities and method therefor
US4760567A (en) * 1986-08-11 1988-07-26 Electron Beam Memories Electron beam memory system with ultra-compact, high current density electron gun
US4826732A (en) * 1987-03-16 1989-05-02 Xerox Corporation Recording medium
JPH01116941A (ja) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-09 Nec Corp 記憶装置および記憶方法
JPH01125746A (ja) * 1987-11-10 1989-05-18 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 記憶装置の記録消去方法
US4864538A (en) * 1988-05-05 1989-09-05 Tektronix, Inc. Method and apparatus for addressing optical data storage locations

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4575822A (en) * 1983-02-15 1986-03-11 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and means for data storage using tunnel current data readout
EP0247219A1 (fr) * 1986-05-27 1987-12-02 International Business Machines Corporation Unité de stockage à accès direct

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0381113A3 (fr) * 1989-02-03 1991-06-19 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Appareil d'enregistrement par courant tunnel avec bras de leviers séparés
US5053995A (en) * 1989-02-03 1991-10-01 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Tunnel current data storage apparatus having separate lever bodies
EP0478666A4 (en) * 1989-06-20 1993-07-28 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Microfabricated microscope assembly
EP0481499A3 (en) * 1990-10-19 1993-03-31 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording/reproducing apparatus such as a memory apparatus
US5396453A (en) * 1990-10-19 1995-03-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording/reproducing apparatus such as a memory apparatus
EP0518283A3 (en) * 1991-06-12 1993-08-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Information recording and/or reproducing apparatus
US5373494A (en) * 1991-06-12 1994-12-13 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Information recording and/or reproducing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL8902475A (nl) 1990-05-01
FR2637409B1 (fr) 1994-10-07
DE3933160C2 (fr) 1992-10-08
US5036490A (en) 1991-07-30
DE3933160A1 (de) 1990-04-12
JPH0298896A (ja) 1990-04-11

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