JP2000334245A - Filter material and its production - Google Patents
Filter material and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000334245A JP2000334245A JP11150798A JP15079899A JP2000334245A JP 2000334245 A JP2000334245 A JP 2000334245A JP 11150798 A JP11150798 A JP 11150798A JP 15079899 A JP15079899 A JP 15079899A JP 2000334245 A JP2000334245 A JP 2000334245A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- resin
- composite material
- carbon
- filter material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、空気清浄などに用
いられるフィルタ材及びその製造方法に関し、特に、脱
臭および消臭特性に優れた再生可能なフィルタ材及びそ
の製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filter material used for air purification and the like and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a renewable filter material having excellent deodorizing and deodorizing properties and a method for producing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、活性炭は比表面積が大きく、吸
着能に優れていることから、種々の気体や液体の浄化な
どに幅広く利用されている。活性炭を利用した従来の技
術として、例えば、特開平１０−２２５６１４号公報に
開示されているように、活性炭を粒状にして所定の空間
内に充填する方法が広く用いられている（以下、この技
術を従来例１という）。2. Description of the Related Art In general, activated carbon is widely used for purifying various gases and liquids because of its large specific surface area and excellent adsorption capacity. As a conventional technique using activated carbon, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-225614, a method of granularly filling activated carbon into a predetermined space is widely used (hereinafter, this technique is referred to as this technique). Is referred to as Conventional Example 1).
【０００３】また、特開平７−９６１２９号公報には、
活性炭素繊維を多孔質基材に電気植毛した空気清浄フィ
ルタユニットが提案されている（以下、この技術を従来
例２という）。[0003] Also, JP-A-7-96129 discloses that
There has been proposed an air cleaning filter unit in which activated carbon fibers are electrically implanted on a porous substrate (hereinafter, this technique is referred to as Conventional Example 2).
【０００４】また、特開平２−８０３１４号公報には、
活性炭粉末を抄紙することにより製造される活性炭含有
シートが提案されている（以下、この技術を従来例３と
いう）。[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-80314 discloses that
An activated carbon-containing sheet manufactured by making activated carbon powder is proposed (hereinafter, this technique is referred to as Conventional Example 3).
【０００５】また、特開平２−２７３５４２号公報に
は、樹脂の発泡体を炭化・賦活することによりフィルタ
材に適した活性炭成形体を得る方法が提案されている
（以下、この技術を従来例４という）。Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-273542 proposes a method of obtaining an activated carbon molded body suitable for a filter material by carbonizing and activating a resin foam (hereinafter, this technique is referred to as a conventional example). 4).
【０００６】なお、吸着能を向上させる添加物として、
アンモニウム塩、亜硫酸塩、酸性亜硫酸塩（例えば、特
開昭５３−２９２９２号公報参照）、アニリン（例え
ば、特公昭６０−５４０９５号公報参照）、パラドール
イジン（例えば、特開平１−２８８３３６号公報参照）
などがすでに知られている。[0006] As an additive for improving the adsorption capacity,
Ammonium salts, sulfites, acidic sulfites (for example, see JP-A-53-29292), aniline (for example, see JP-B-60-54095), and paradolidine (for example, see JP-A-1-288336). )
Etc. are already known.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来例１の技術では、
吸着飽和に達した活性炭を交換する場合、粉末状又は粒
状であるため、交換作業が非常に煩雑になり、環境衛生
上にも問題がある。そこで、フィルタとして利用するた
めに、シート状又は板状の形態にするか、多孔質基材に
担時させるなどの方法が利用されている。例えば、発泡
ウレタンなどの多孔質基材に接着剤により活性炭粉末を
付着させた吸着材が市販されている。しかし、このよう
な活性炭粉末を多孔質基材に付着させる形式では、接着
剤によって活性炭の細孔が塞がれて吸着能力が低下する
という問題があった。According to the technique of the prior art 1,
When the activated carbon that has reached the adsorption saturation is exchanged, it is powdery or granular, so that the exchange operation becomes very complicated and there is a problem in terms of environmental hygiene. Therefore, in order to use it as a filter, a method of forming it into a sheet or plate shape, or attaching it to a porous substrate has been used. For example, an adsorbent in which activated carbon powder is attached to a porous substrate such as urethane foam with an adhesive is commercially available. However, in such a form in which the activated carbon powder is adhered to the porous substrate, there is a problem that the pores of the activated carbon are blocked by the adhesive and the adsorption capacity is reduced.
【０００８】従来例２の技術では、多孔質基材に電気植
毛できる活性炭には限界があり、活性炭含有量は小さ
く、吸着能はとても十分とはいえない。[0008] In the technique of Conventional Example 2, there is a limit to activated carbon that can be electrically implanted on a porous substrate, the activated carbon content is small, and the adsorption ability is not very satisfactory.
【０００９】従来例３の技術では、乾式および湿式どち
らの方法を採用しても、シート状とする際にパルプや熱
硬化樹脂など結合材となる添加剤が活性炭の表面を覆っ
てしまい、活性炭そのものが持つ吸着能を充分に利用で
きず、シートとしての吸着能は不十分なものとなる。In the technique of Conventional Example 3, the additive used as a binder, such as pulp or thermosetting resin, covers the surface of the activated carbon when it is formed into a sheet, irrespective of the method of the dry method or the method of the wet method. The adsorptive capacity of the sheet itself cannot be sufficiently utilized, and the adsorptive ability as a sheet becomes insufficient.
【００１０】従来例４の技術では、賦活が成形体表面か
らすすむため、成形体の内部まで均一に賦活することが
できず、成形体としての吸着能は低いものとなる。In the technique of Conventional Example 4, since the activation proceeds from the surface of the molded body, it cannot be uniformly activated to the inside of the molded body, and the adsorptivity as the molded body is low.
【００１１】このように、活性炭は、フィルタ材などの
吸着材として有効であるが、粉末状又は粒状で装置に充
填する場合、交換の際に非常に扱いづらいという問題が
ある。そこで、取り扱いやすいように抄紙又は成形体と
した場合、活性炭の含有量が低下するだけでなく、接着
剤又は結合材によって活性炭表面が覆われて、吸着能が
低下するという問題がある。また、樹脂原料から成形体
を作製した後に炭化・賦活を行う方法では、内部まで均
一に賦活できず、吸着能はあまり大きくできないという
問題がある。また、吸着量が飽和した活性炭を含む吸着
剤は交換しなければならず、資源の有効利用という点か
らも問題がある。As described above, activated carbon is effective as an adsorbent such as a filter material, but has a problem that it is very difficult to handle it when it is charged in a powder or granular form in an apparatus. Therefore, when a paper or molded article is formed so as to be easy to handle, there is a problem that not only the content of activated carbon is reduced, but also the surface of the activated carbon is covered with an adhesive or a binder, and the adsorptivity is reduced. Further, in the method of carbonizing and activating after forming a molded body from a resin raw material, there is a problem that it is not possible to uniformly activate the inside and the adsorbing ability is not so large. In addition, the adsorbent containing activated carbon having a saturated adsorption amount must be replaced, and there is a problem in terms of effective use of resources.
【００１２】本発明の目的は、活性炭と炭素の複合材料
である活性炭／炭素複合材料からフィルタ材であって、
その活性炭／炭素複合材料が非常に高い比表面積をシー
ト全体に均一に保っていることにより、吸着能が高く、
圧力損失が小さく、また、通電加熱によって再生処理が
可能である優れたフィルタ材及びその製造方法を提供す
ることにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a filter material from an activated carbon / carbon composite material which is a composite material of activated carbon and carbon,
Since the activated carbon / carbon composite material maintains a very high specific surface area uniformly throughout the sheet, the adsorption capacity is high,
An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent filter material which has a small pressure loss and is capable of performing a regenerating process by applying electric heating, and a method for manufacturing the same.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のフィルタ材は、
活性炭と炭素の複合材料である活性炭／炭素複合材料か
らなるフィルタ材であって、前記活性炭が活性炭粉末又
は活性炭繊維からなり、前記炭素が熱硬化性樹脂を炭化
することにより生成されるものであり、かつ、活性炭／
炭素複合材料の密度が０．１〜０．６ｇ／ｃｍ３であ
り、前記活性炭／炭素複合材料の厚みが０．０５〜２．
０ｍｍであり、前記活性炭／炭素複合材料の電気抵抗率
が０．０５〜１０．０Ω・ｃｍであり、前記活性炭／炭
素複合材料の比表面積が５００ｍ２／ｇ以上であること
を特徴とするものである。According to the present invention, there is provided a filter material comprising:
A filter material comprising an activated carbon / carbon composite material which is a composite material of activated carbon and carbon, wherein the activated carbon is made of activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber, and the carbon is produced by carbonizing a thermosetting resin. And activated carbon /
The density of the carbon composite material is 0.1 to 0.6 g / cm 3 , and the thickness of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 2.
0 mm, the electrical resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 10.0 Ω · cm, and the specific surface area of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 500 m 2 / g or more. It is.
【００１４】前記熱硬化性樹脂は、例えばフェノール樹
脂、フラン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、グアナミ
ン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ジアリルフタレート
樹脂、アリルジグリコールカーボネート樹脂、エポキシ
樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、又はポリ
ウレタンからなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの樹
脂である。The thermosetting resin includes, for example, phenol resin, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin, guanamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, allyl diglycol carbonate resin, epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin, phenoxy resin Or at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethane.
【００１５】前記活性炭／炭素複合材料にアンモニウム
塩、亜硫酸塩、酸性亜硫酸塩、アニリン、又はパラート
ルイジンからなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの添
加剤が添着されているのが好ましい。It is preferable that at least one additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts, sulfites, acid sulfites, aniline, and para-toluidine is attached to the activated carbon / carbon composite material.
【００１６】前記活性炭／炭素複合材料が通電加熱する
ことで再生可能であるのが好ましい。It is preferable that the activated carbon / carbon composite material can be regenerated by electric heating.
【００１７】本発明のフィルタ材の製造方法は、活性炭
粉末又は活性炭繊維と熱硬化性樹脂とを混合して混合物
を得る混合工程と、前記混合物から所定形状の成形体を
得る成形工程と、前記成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中で、か
つ６００〜１０００℃の温度で熱処理する熱処理工程
と、を有することを特徴とするものである。The method for producing a filter material of the present invention comprises a mixing step of mixing activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber with a thermosetting resin to obtain a mixture; a molding step of obtaining a molded article of a predetermined shape from the mixture; A heat treatment step of heat treating the molded body in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C.
【００１８】本発明の他のフィルタ材の製造方法は、活
性炭粉末又は活性炭繊維と、粒状又は粉末状熱硬化性樹
脂と、粉末状又は繊維状熱可塑性樹脂とを混合して混合
物を得る混合工程と、前記混合物から所定形状の成形体
を得る成形工程と、前記成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中で、
かつ６００〜１０００℃の温度で熱処理する熱処理工程
と、を有することを特徴とするものである。Another method for producing a filter material of the present invention is a mixing step of mixing activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber, granular or powdery thermosetting resin, and powdery or fibrous thermoplastic resin to obtain a mixture. And, a molding step of obtaining a molded body of a predetermined shape from the mixture, and the molded body in a non-oxidizing atmosphere,
And a heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment at a temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C.
【００１９】前記活性炭と熱硬化性樹脂との混合物の合
計重量に対して、前記熱可塑性樹脂の添加量を１〜５０
重量％とするのが好ましい。The addition amount of the thermoplastic resin is 1 to 50 based on the total weight of the mixture of the activated carbon and the thermosetting resin.
% By weight.
【００２０】前記熱可塑性樹脂は、例えば、ポリメチル
メタアクリレイト、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリ
プロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ−ｐ−キシリレン、
ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリアクリレート又はポリエチレング
リコールからなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの樹
脂である。The thermoplastic resin includes, for example, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, poly-p-xylylene,
It is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明
する。本発明のフィルタ材は、活性炭と炭素の複合材料
である活性炭／炭素複合材料からなり、例えば空気清浄
フィルタなどに用いられる。活性炭は活性炭粉末又は活
性炭繊維からなり、炭素は熱硬化性樹脂を炭化すること
により生成されたものである。熱硬化性樹脂としては、
フェノール樹脂、フラン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹
脂、グアナミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ジアリ
ルフタレート樹脂、アリルジグリコールカーボネート樹
脂、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノキシ樹
脂、又はポリウレタンからなる群から選択された少なく
とも１つの樹脂である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The filter material of the present invention is made of an activated carbon / carbon composite material that is a composite material of activated carbon and carbon, and is used for, for example, an air cleaning filter. Activated carbon is made of activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber, and carbon is produced by carbonizing a thermosetting resin. As thermosetting resin,
Phenol resin, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin, guanamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, allyl diglycol carbonate resin, epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin, phenoxy resin, or at least selected from the group consisting of polyurethane One resin.
【００２２】活性炭／炭素複合材料の密度は０．１〜
０．６ｇ／ｃｍ３であり、活性炭／炭素複合材料の厚み
は０．０５〜２．０ｍｍであり、活性炭／炭素複合材料
の電気抵抗率は０．０５〜１０．０Ω・ｃｍであり、活
性炭／炭素複合材料の比表面積は５００ｍ２／ｇ以上で
ある。The density of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.1 to
0.6 g / cm 3 , the thickness of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 2.0 mm, and the electric resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 10.0 Ω · cm. / The specific surface area of the carbon composite material is 500 m 2 / g or more.
【００２３】本発明のフィルタ材を製造する場合には、
まず、活性炭粉末又は活性炭繊維と熱硬化性樹脂とを混
合して混合物を得る。次いで、混合物から所定形状の成
形体を得る。次いで、成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中で、か
つ６００〜１０００℃の温度で熱処理することにより、
熱硬化性樹脂を炭化して得られる。When manufacturing the filter material of the present invention,
First, activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber and a thermosetting resin are mixed to obtain a mixture. Next, a molded article having a predetermined shape is obtained from the mixture. Next, by heat-treating the molded body in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and at a temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C,
Obtained by carbonizing thermosetting resin.
【００２４】また、混合物は、活性炭粉末又は活性炭繊
維と、粒状又は粉末状熱硬化性樹脂と、粉末状又は繊維
状熱可塑性樹脂とを混合したものでもよい。この場合、
活性炭と熱硬化性樹脂との混合物の合計重量に対して、
熱可塑性樹脂の添加量を１〜５０重量％とするのが好ま
しい。The mixture may be a mixture of activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber, a granular or powdery thermosetting resin, and a powdery or fibrous thermoplastic resin. in this case,
For the total weight of the mixture of activated carbon and thermosetting resin,
It is preferable that the addition amount of the thermoplastic resin is 1 to 50% by weight.
【００２５】熱可塑性樹脂は、例えばポリメチルメタア
クリレイト、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピ
レン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ−ｐ−キシリレン、ポリ酢
酸ビニル、ポリアクリレート又はポリエチレングリコー
ルからなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの樹脂であ
る。The thermoplastic resin is, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, poly-p-xylylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol. Resin.
【００２６】吸着能力が高く、圧力損失が低いフィルタ
材として、活性炭粉末又は活性炭繊維を熱硬化性樹脂で
成形し、熱処理することで熱硬化性樹脂を炭化して得ら
れる活性炭／炭素複合材料が有効である。この活性炭／
炭素複合材料は構成材料の大部分が活性炭である多孔体
である。成形体にする際の結合材である熱硬化性樹脂
は、炭化時に収縮しようとするが、多量に含まれる活性
炭に妨げられほとんど収縮できない。その結果、活性炭
を結合する樹脂の炭化部は、多数の細孔を持ち、活性炭
の表面を覆い尽くすこともない。つまり、本発明のフィ
ルタ材の活性炭／炭素複合材料は、活性炭を有効に結合
するだけでなく、炭素部分も活性炭化されているため、
成形体として非常に大きな表面積を持つ。An activated carbon / carbon composite material obtained by molding activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber with a thermosetting resin and subjecting it to a heat treatment is used as a filter material having a high adsorption capacity and a low pressure loss. It is valid. This activated carbon /
The carbon composite material is a porous body in which most of the constituent materials are activated carbon. The thermosetting resin, which is a binder for forming a molded body, tends to shrink during carbonization, but hardly shrinks due to the large amount of activated carbon contained. As a result, the carbonized portion of the resin that binds the activated carbon has many pores and does not cover the surface of the activated carbon. That is, the activated carbon / carbon composite material of the filter material of the present invention not only effectively binds activated carbon, but also has a carbon portion activated carbonized.
It has a very large surface area as a compact.
【００２７】また、本発明のフィルタ材の活性炭／炭素
複合材料は、通電することで非常に短時間に加熱するこ
とができるため、吸着量が飽和した活性炭／炭素複合材
料の吸着物を一気に分解し再生することが可能である。In addition, the activated carbon / carbon composite material of the filter material of the present invention can be heated in a very short time by applying an electric current, so that the adsorbed material of the activated carbon / carbon composite material having a saturated adsorption amount is decomposed at once. It is possible to play.
【００２８】また、本発明の活性炭／炭素複合材料は製
造時の熱処理温度に応じて電気抵抗率の制御が可能であ
るため、再生のための加熱条件に応じて、熱処理温度を
決定できる。Further, since the electrical resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material of the present invention can be controlled according to the heat treatment temperature during production, the heat treatment temperature can be determined according to the heating conditions for regeneration.
【００２９】また、空気清浄フィルタとして用いるため
には、圧力損失を低く保たなければならない。そこで、
原料に熱分解性の熱可塑性樹脂を混合して熱処理するこ
とで、用途に応じて活性炭／炭素複合材料の密度を制御
することができる。In order to use the filter as an air purifying filter, the pressure loss must be kept low. Therefore,
The density of the activated carbon / carbon composite material can be controlled in accordance with the application by mixing a raw material with a thermally decomposable thermoplastic resin and performing heat treatment.
【００３０】また、ガスの吸着能をさらに向上させるた
めに、アンモニウム塩、亜硫酸塩、酸性亜硫酸塩、アニ
リン、パラートルイジンなどの添加剤を活性炭／炭素複
合材料表面に添着させることも可能である。Further, in order to further improve the gas adsorption ability, additives such as ammonium salts, sulfites, acid sulfites, aniline, para-toluidine and the like can be attached to the surface of the activated carbon / carbon composite material.
【００３１】本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるこ
とはなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的事項の範
囲内において、種々の変更が可能である。本発明のフィ
ルタ材は、例えば空気清浄用として用いられるが、その
他の用途に用いてもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made within the scope of the technical matters described in the claims. The filter material of the present invention is used, for example, for air cleaning, but may be used for other purposes.
【００３２】[0032]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を具体的に説明する。 （実施例１）活性炭粉末とフェノール樹脂粉末とを合わ
せた重量に対する活性炭粉末の重量比が、０．０５〜
０．９５となる混合比の異なる混合粉を作製する。活性
炭粉末は、比表面積が１０００ｍ２／ｇ、１５００ｍ２
／ｇ、２０００ｍ２／ｇである３種類をそれぞれ用い
る。フェノール樹脂は、粉末状のフェノール・ホルムア
ルデヒド樹脂を用いる。得られた混合粉を２．０ｔｏｎ
ｆ／ｃｍ２の圧力で、面積１０ｃｍ×１０ｃｍ、厚さ
０．０１〜３．０ｍｍの厚みのそれぞれ異なる寸法で加
圧成形する。得られた成形体を、電気炉中、窒素ガス雰
囲気下で５００〜１２００℃のそれぞれ異なる温度で２
時間熱処理をする。その結果、フェノール樹脂が炭化さ
れて活性炭／炭素複合材料が得られる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below. (Example 1) The weight ratio of activated carbon powder to the combined weight of activated carbon powder and phenol resin powder was 0.05 to
Mixed powders having different mixing ratios of 0.95 are produced. Activated carbon powder has a specific surface area of 1000 m 2 / g, 1500 m 2
/ G and 2000 m 2 / g, respectively. As the phenol resin, a powdery phenol / formaldehyde resin is used. The obtained mixed powder is 2.0 ton
Under pressure of f / cm 2 , pressure molding is performed with different dimensions of an area of 10 cm × 10 cm and a thickness of 0.01 to 3.0 mm. The obtained molded body was placed in an electric furnace under a nitrogen gas atmosphere at different temperatures of 500 to 1200 ° C. for 2 hours.
Heat-treat for hours. As a result, the phenol resin is carbonized to obtain an activated carbon / carbon composite material.
【００３３】得られた活性炭／炭素複合材料をアンモニ
ア濃度１００ｐｐｍのデシケータ内に入れ、３０分後の
デシケータ内のアンモニア残存濃度を測定した。また、
それぞれの活性炭／炭素複合材料の線速度１ｍ／ｓにお
ける圧力損失を測定した。The obtained activated carbon / carbon composite material was placed in a desiccator having an ammonia concentration of 100 ppm, and the residual ammonia concentration in the desiccator after 30 minutes was measured. Also,
The pressure loss of each activated carbon / carbon composite material at a linear velocity of 1 m / s was measured.
【００３４】図１は、９００℃の熱処理で得られた厚み
１ｍｍの活性炭／炭素複合材料のＢＥＴ比表面積を示す
グラフである。図１に示すように、活性炭の混合比が高
いほど、ＢＥＴ比表面積が大きくなる。また、原料活性
炭および混合比に依らず、比表面積は計算値より大きく
なっている。このことから、原料活性炭の表面は全くつ
ぶされていないだけでなく、樹脂の炭化部も活性化され
て高比表面積に寄与していることになる。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the BET specific surface area of a 1 mm thick activated carbon / carbon composite material obtained by a heat treatment at 900 ° C. As shown in FIG. 1, the higher the mixing ratio of the activated carbon, the larger the BET specific surface area. In addition, the specific surface area is larger than the calculated value regardless of the raw material activated carbon and the mixing ratio. This means that not only the surface of the raw material activated carbon is not crushed at all, but also the carbonized portion of the resin is activated and contributes to a high specific surface area.
【００３５】図２は、９００℃の熱処理で得られた厚み
１ｍｍの活性炭／炭素複合材料の密度を示すグラフであ
る。図２に示すように、活性炭の混合比が大きいほど収
縮が小さくなり密度が小さくなる。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the density of the activated carbon / carbon composite material having a thickness of 1 mm obtained by the heat treatment at 900 ° C. As shown in FIG. 2, as the mixing ratio of the activated carbon increases, the shrinkage decreases and the density decreases.
【００３６】図３は、得られた活性炭／炭素複合材料の
熱処理温度と電気抵抗率の関係を示すグラフである。図
３からわかるように、熱処理温度が高いほど電気抵抗率
は小さくなる。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the electrical resistivity of the obtained activated carbon / carbon composite material. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the higher the heat treatment temperature, the lower the electrical resistivity.
【００３７】図４は、９００℃の熱処理で得られた活性
炭／炭素複合材料のアンモニア吸着特性について調べた
結果を示すグラフである。図４に示すように、比表面積
が５００ｍ２／ｇより小さくなるとアンモニアの残存率
が急激に高くなる。以上の結果より、本発明のフィルタ
材に用いられる活性炭／炭素複合材料の比表面積は５０
０ｍ２／ｇ以上であるのが好ましい。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of examining the ammonia adsorption characteristics of the activated carbon / carbon composite material obtained by the heat treatment at 900 ° C. As shown in FIG. 4, when the specific surface area is less than 500 m 2 / g, the residual ratio of ammonia rapidly increases. From the above results, the specific surface area of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used for the filter material of the present invention is 50
It is preferably 0 m 2 / g or more.
【００３８】図５は、９００℃の熱処理で得られた活性
炭／炭素複合材料の厚みと圧力損失の関係を示すグラフ
である。図５からわかるように、活性炭／炭素複合材料
の厚みが小さいほど、また密度が低いほど圧力損失は小
さい。しかし、密度が０，８ｇ／ｃｍ３になると圧力損
失が非常に大きくなり、フィルタ材としては使用不可能
である。一方、密度が小さい場合でも、厚みが２ｍｍを
超えると、圧力損失が急激に大きくなる。また、厚みが
０．０５ｍｍより小さくなると、成形体はもろくなり、
密度が０．８ｇ／ｃｍ３より高い場合でも、成形体は形
状を維持することができなかった。以上の結果より、本
発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素複合材料
は、厚みが０．０５〜２．００ｍｍであり、密度が０．
１〜０．６ｇ／ｃｍ３であるのが好ましい。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the activated carbon / carbon composite material obtained by the heat treatment at 900 ° C. and the pressure loss. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the smaller the thickness and the lower the density of the activated carbon / carbon composite material, the smaller the pressure loss. However, when the density becomes 0.8 g / cm 3 , the pressure loss becomes very large, and it cannot be used as a filter material. On the other hand, even when the density is low, when the thickness exceeds 2 mm, the pressure loss sharply increases. When the thickness is smaller than 0.05 mm, the molded body becomes brittle,
Even when the density was higher than 0.8 g / cm 3 , the molded article could not maintain its shape. From the above results, the activated carbon / carbon composite material used for the filter material of the present invention has a thickness of 0.05 to 2.00 mm and a density of 0.
It is preferably 1 to 0.6 g / cm 3 .
【００３９】次に、アンモニアの吸着を１０日間行い、
吸着が飽和した活性炭／炭素複合材料に、１００Ｖの電
圧を印加した。電圧印加の結果、瞬間的に活性炭／炭素
複合材料の温度が３００℃以上に上昇した。図６は、電
圧印加処理の前後の活性炭／炭素複合材料に、上記アン
モニアの吸着実験を行った結果を示すグラフである。図
６から、電圧印加をすることで活性炭／炭素複合材料に
吸着されていた吸着物が熱分解され、再生できることが
わかる。また、熱処理温度が６００℃より低いと、熱分
解が充分すすんでいないため、再生処理前後ともにアン
モニア吸着特性が悪く、さらに図３に示すように活性炭
／炭素複合材料の電気抵抗率が非常に高く、ほとんど絶
縁体であり、通電加熱ができなかった。一方、熱処理温
度が１０００℃を越えると、炭化収縮が大きく、複合体
の細孔が小さくなったと考えられ、再生処理前後ともに
吸着能力が低下した。Next, ammonia adsorption was performed for 10 days.
A voltage of 100 V was applied to the activated carbon / carbon composite material where the adsorption was saturated. As a result of the voltage application, the temperature of the activated carbon / carbon composite material instantaneously rose to 300 ° C. or higher. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the ammonia adsorption experiment performed on the activated carbon / carbon composite material before and after the voltage application treatment. FIG. 6 shows that the adsorbate adsorbed on the activated carbon / carbon composite material is thermally decomposed and regenerated by applying a voltage. On the other hand, if the heat treatment temperature is lower than 600 ° C., the thermal decomposition is not sufficiently advanced, so that the ammonia adsorption characteristics before and after the regeneration treatment are poor, and the electric resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is extremely high as shown in FIG. It was almost an insulator and could not be heated by electricity. On the other hand, when the heat treatment temperature exceeded 1000 ° C., it was considered that the carbonization shrinkage was large and the pores of the composite became small, and the adsorption capacity was lowered before and after the regeneration treatment.
【００４０】以上の結果より、本発明のフィルタ材を製
造する際における活性炭／炭素複合材料の熱処理温度は
６００〜１０００℃であり、活性炭／炭素複合材料の電
気抵抗率は０．０５〜１０．０Ω・ｃｍであるのが好ま
しい。From the above results, when manufacturing the filter material of the present invention, the heat treatment temperature of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 600 to 1000 ° C., and the electric resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 10. It is preferably 0 Ω · cm.
【００４１】なお、本実施例では、熱硬化性樹脂として
フェノール樹脂を用いているが、フラン樹脂、ユリア樹
脂、メラミン樹脂、グアナミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステ
ル樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、アリルジグリコール
カーボネート樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹
脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリウレタンのうち少なくとも１
種類の樹脂を用いても同様の結果が得られる。 （実施例２）活性炭粉末とフェノール樹脂粉末とを合わ
せた重量に対する活性炭粉末の重量比が０．８で、粉末
状又は繊維状のＰＭＭＡ（ポリメチルメタアクリレイ
ト）がそれぞれ０．０１〜０．６となる活性炭粉末とフ
ェノール樹脂粉末とＰＭＭＡ粉末又は繊維の混合粉を作
製し、実施例１と同様の方法で、面積１０ｃｍ×１０ｃ
ｍ、厚さ０．１ｍｍの活性炭／炭素複合材料を得た。In this embodiment, a phenol resin is used as the thermosetting resin. However, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin, guanamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, allyl diglycol carbonate resin, At least one of an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, a phenoxy resin, and a polyurethane
Similar results can be obtained using different types of resins. (Example 2) The weight ratio of activated carbon powder to the combined weight of activated carbon powder and phenol resin powder was 0.8, and powdered or fibrous PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) was 0.01 to 0. A mixed powder of activated carbon powder, phenol resin powder, and PMMA powder or fiber was prepared to be 6 and the area was 10 cm × 10 c in the same manner as in Example 1.
m, an activated carbon / carbon composite material having a thickness of 0.1 mm was obtained.
【００４２】図７は、上記に得られた活性炭／炭素複合
材料について実施例１と同様の方法で圧力損失を調べた
結果を示すグラフである。図７からわかるように、熱可
塑性樹脂の添加量に従って、圧力損失は小さくなり、粉
末状に比べて、繊維状の方が効果が大きい。また、熱可
塑性樹脂の混合量が５０重量％を越えると、非常もろく
なり形状を維持できなくなった。以上の結果より、本発
明のフィルタ材において熱可塑性樹脂の添加量は１〜５
０重量％であるのが好ましい。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of examining the pressure loss of the activated carbon / carbon composite material obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the pressure loss becomes smaller according to the amount of the thermoplastic resin added, and the effect is larger in the fibrous form than in the powdery form. On the other hand, if the mixing amount of the thermoplastic resin exceeds 50% by weight, it becomes very brittle and the shape cannot be maintained. From the above results, the addition amount of the thermoplastic resin in the filter material of the present invention is 1 to 5
It is preferably 0% by weight.
【００４３】なお、実施例２では、熱可塑性樹脂として
ポリメチルメタアクリレイト、ポリスチレン、ポリエチ
レン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ−ｐ−キ
シリレン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリアクリレート又はポリ
エチレングリコールのグループのうち少なくとも１種類
の樹脂を用いても同様の結果が得られる。In Example 2, at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, poly-p-xylylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol is used as the thermoplastic resin. Similar results can be obtained by using one type of resin.
【００４４】また、実施例２では、熱硬化性樹脂として
フェノール樹脂を用いているが、フラン樹脂、ユリア樹
脂、メラミン樹脂、グアナミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステ
ル樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、アリルジグリコール
カーボネート樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹
脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリウレタンのうち少なくとも１
種類の樹脂を用いても同様の結果が得られる。 （実施例３）活性炭粉末とフェノール樹脂粉末とを合わ
せた重量に対する活性炭粉末の重量比が０．８で、粉末
状又は繊維状のＰＭＭＡ（ポリメチルメタアクリレイ
ト）が０．２となる活性炭粉末とフェノール樹脂粉末と
ＰＭＭＡ粉末又は繊維の混合粉を作製し、実施例１と同
様の方法で、面積１０ｃｍ×１０ｃｍ、厚さ０．１ｍｍ
の活性炭／炭素複合材料を得た。In Example 2, a phenol resin was used as the thermosetting resin. However, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin, guanamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, allyl diglycol carbonate resin, At least one of an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, a phenoxy resin, and a polyurethane
Similar results can be obtained using different types of resins. (Example 3) Activated carbon powder in which the weight ratio of activated carbon powder to the combined weight of activated carbon powder and phenol resin powder is 0.8, and powdery or fibrous PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) is 0.2 And a mixed powder of phenol resin powder and PMMA powder or fiber were prepared, and in the same manner as in Example 1, the area was 10 cm × 10 cm, and the thickness was 0.1 mm.
Activated carbon / carbon composite material was obtained.
【００４５】アンモニウム塩を純水に溶解した液に、得
られた活性炭／炭素複合材料を３０分間浸せきし、水分
を取り除くために１００℃で３０分間乾燥した。その結
果、活性炭／炭素複合材料に約２０重量％のアンモニウ
ム塩が添着した。得られたアンモニウム塩の添着された
活性炭／炭素複合材料について、実施例１と同様の方法
でアンモニア吸着特性を調べた結果、アンモニウム塩を
添着しなかった活性炭／炭素複合材料のアンモニア残存
率が１０％であるのに対し、アンモニウム塩を添着した
活性炭／炭素複合材料のアンモニウム残存率が４％まで
低減された。The obtained activated carbon / carbon composite material was immersed in a solution obtained by dissolving an ammonium salt in pure water for 30 minutes, and dried at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes to remove water. As a result, about 20% by weight of ammonium salt was impregnated on the activated carbon / carbon composite material. The obtained activated carbon / carbon composite material to which the ammonium salt was impregnated was examined for ammonia adsorption characteristics in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the activated carbon / carbon composite material to which no ammonium salt was impregnated had an ammonia residual ratio of 10%. %, Whereas the residual ammonium ratio of the activated carbon / carbon composite material impregnated with the ammonium salt was reduced to 4%.
【００４６】なお、実施例３では、添加剤としてアンモ
ニウム塩を用いたが、添加剤として亜硫酸塩、酸性亜硫
酸塩、アニリン、パラートルイジンのうち少なくとも１
つの添加剤を用いてもほぼ同様の結果が得られる。In Example 3, an ammonium salt was used as an additive, but at least one of a sulfite, an acidic sulfite, aniline, and para-toluidine was used as an additive.
Approximately the same result can be obtained using two additives.
【００４７】本発明は、上記実施例に限定されることは
なく、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的事項の範囲内
において、種々の変更が可能である。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made within the scope of the technical matters described in the claims.
【００４８】[0048]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、活性炭／炭素複合材料
が非常に高い比表面積をシート全体に均一に保っている
ため、吸着能が高く、圧力損失が小さく、また、通電加
熱によって再生処理が可能である優れたフィルタ材を提
供することができる。According to the present invention, the activated carbon / carbon composite material maintains a very high specific surface area uniformly throughout the sheet, so that it has a high adsorptivity, a small pressure loss, and a regeneration treatment by heating with electricity. It is possible to provide an excellent filter material capable of performing the above.
【図１】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の原料活性炭混合比と比表面積の関係を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing a relationship between a raw material activated carbon mixing ratio and a specific surface area of an activated carbon / carbon composite material used for a filter material of the present invention.
【図２】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の原料活性炭混合比と密度の関係を示すグラフ
である。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the raw material activated carbon mixing ratio and the density of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used in the filter material of the present invention.
【図３】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の熱処理温度と電気抵抗率の関係を示すグラフ
である。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the electrical resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used for the filter material of the present invention.
【図４】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の比表面積とアンモニア残存率の関係を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the specific surface area of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used in the filter material of the present invention and the residual ratio of ammonia.
【図５】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の厚みと圧力損失の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used for the filter material of the present invention and the pressure loss.
【図６】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の熱処理温度と加熱再生処理効果の関係を示す
グラフである。FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the heat treatment temperature of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used in the filter material of the present invention and the effect of heat regeneration treatment.
【図７】本発明のフィルタ材に用いられる活性炭／炭素
複合材料の熱可塑性樹脂の添加率と圧力損失の関係を示
すグラフである。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the addition rate of a thermoplastic resin of the activated carbon / carbon composite material used for the filter material of the present invention and the pressure loss.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ａ６１Ｌ 9/16 Ａ６１Ｌ 9/16 Ｆ Ｄ (72)発明者 笠原 竜一 東京都港区芝五丁目７番１号 日本電気株 式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 4C080 AA05 BB02 CC01 HH05 JJ03 KK08 LL03 MM01 MM05 NN01 QQ03 QQ12 4D012 CA09 CA10 CB03 CD05 CG01 CG02 CG10 4D019 AA01 BA03 BB06 BC05 BD01 BD03 CB06 CB10 4G066 AA04B AA05B AA10D AA47B AB10B AB13B AC13D AC14D AC16A AC17D AC22A AC22D AC23A AC24A AC25A BA09 BA16 BA20 BA25 BA26 BA36 BA38 CA02 CA29 DA03 FA18 FA20 FA25 FA34 FA37 GA02──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A61L 9/16 A61L 9/16 FD (72) Inventor Ryuichi Kasahara 5-7-1 Shiba 5-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. F-term in NEC Corporation (reference) 4C080 AA05 BB02 CC01 HH05 JJ03 KK08 LL03 MM01 MM05 NN01 QQ03 QQ12 4D012 CA09 CA10 CB03 CD05 CG01 CG02 CG10 4D019 AA01 BA03 BB06 BC05 BD01 AB03 A10B10 A04 AB10 A10B03A10B10 AC14D AC16A AC17D AC22A AC22D AC23A AC24A AC25A BA09 BA16 BA20 BA25 BA26 BA36 BA38 CA02 CA29 DA03 FA18 FA20 FA25 FA34 FA37 GA02
Claims (8)
素複合材料からなるフィルタ材であって、 前記活性炭が活性炭粉末又は活性炭繊維からなり、前記
炭素が熱硬化性樹脂を炭化することにより生成されるも
のであり、かつ、活性炭／炭素複合材料の密度が０．１
〜０．６ｇ／ｃｍ３であり、前記活性炭／炭素複合材料
の厚みが０．０５〜２．０ｍｍであり、前記活性炭／炭
素複合材料の電気抵抗率が０．０５〜１０．０Ω・ｃｍ
であり、前記活性炭／炭素複合材料の比表面積が５００
ｍ２／ｇ以上であることを特徴とするフィルタ材。1. A filter material comprising an activated carbon / carbon composite material which is a composite material of activated carbon and carbon, wherein said activated carbon is made of activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber, and said carbon is produced by carbonizing a thermosetting resin. And the density of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.1
0.6 g / cm 3 , the thickness of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 2.0 mm, and the electrical resistivity of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 0.05 to 10.0 Ω · cm.
And the specific surface area of the activated carbon / carbon composite material is 500
m 2 / g or more.
ラン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、グアナミン樹
脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹
脂、アリルジグリコールカーボネート樹脂、エポキシ樹
脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、又はポリウ
レタンからなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの樹脂
であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のフィルタ材。2. The thermosetting resin includes a phenol resin, a furan resin, a urea resin, a melamine resin, a guanamine resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, an allyl diglycol carbonate resin, an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, and a phenoxy resin. The filter material according to claim 1, wherein the filter material is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of resin and polyurethane.
塩、亜硫酸塩、酸性亜硫酸塩、アニリン、又はパラート
ルイジンからなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの添
加剤が添着されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２
に記載のフィルタ材。3. The activated carbon / carbon composite material has at least one additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts, sulfites, acid sulfites, aniline, and para-toluidine. Item 1 or 2
The filter material according to 1.
ことで再生可能であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３
のいずれか１つの項に記載のフィルタ材。4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said activated carbon / carbon composite material can be regenerated by applying electric heating.
The filter material according to any one of the above items.
とを混合して混合物を得る混合工程と、 前記混合物から所定形状の成形体を得る成形工程と、 前記成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中で、かつ６００〜１００
０℃の温度で熱処理する熱処理工程と、を有することを
特徴とするフィルタ材の製造方法。5. A mixing step of mixing activated carbon powder or activated carbon fiber with a thermosetting resin to obtain a mixture, a molding step of obtaining a molded article of a predetermined shape from the mixture, and placing the molded article in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. And 600 to 100
A heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment at a temperature of 0 ° C.
末状熱硬化性樹脂と、粉末状又は繊維状熱可塑性樹脂と
を混合して混合物を得る混合工程と、 前記混合物から所定形状の成形体を得る成形工程と、 前記成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中で、かつ６００〜１００
０℃の温度で熱処理する熱処理工程と、を有することを
特徴とするフィルタ材の製造方法。6. A mixing step of mixing an activated carbon powder or an activated carbon fiber, a granular or powdery thermosetting resin, and a powdery or fibrous thermoplastic resin to obtain a mixture, and a molded article having a predetermined shape from the mixture. And a molding step of obtaining the molded body in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and
A heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment at a temperature of 0 ° C.
計重量に対して、前記熱可塑性樹脂の添加量を１〜５０
重量％とすることを特徴とする請求項６に記載のフィル
タ材の製造方法。7. The addition amount of the thermoplastic resin is 1 to 50 with respect to the total weight of the mixture of the activated carbon and the thermosetting resin.
The method for producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the content is set to% by weight.
リレイト、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレ
ン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ−ｐ−キシリレン、ポリ酢酸
ビニル、ポリアクリレート又はポリエチレングリコール
からなる群から選択された少なくとも１つの樹脂である
ことを特徴とする請求項６又は７に記載のフィルタ材の
製造方法。8. The thermoplastic resin according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin is at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, poly-p-xylylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol. The method for producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the filter material is one resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11150798A JP2000334245A (en) | 1999-05-31 | 1999-05-31 | Filter material and its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11150798A JP2000334245A (en) | 1999-05-31 | 1999-05-31 | Filter material and its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000334245A true JP2000334245A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
Family
ID=15504672
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11150798A Pending JP2000334245A (en) | 1999-05-31 | 1999-05-31 | Filter material and its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000334245A (en) |
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