JP2020006466A - Pallet replacement jig and method for attaching/detaching pallet replacement jig - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a pallet replacement jig which can be easily replaced with a machining jig by minimizing alignment work with a machine tool such as a machining center or a milling machine. A pallet base 2, a slider 3 sliding on the pallet base 2, and a pallet 4 detachably attached to the pallet base 2 via the slider 3 are provided. Further, the pallet base 2 is provided with a positioning portion 6 for the pallet 4, and between the pallet 4 and the slider 3, the pallet 4 positioned on the pallet base 2 and the slider 3 are fixedly engaged. Means are provided. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pallet exchange jig set on a machine tool such as a machining center or a milling machine, and a method of attaching and detaching a pallet exchange jig.

  In a machine tool such as a machining center or a milling machine, a processing jig for fixing a work on a table is set. Since this processing jig is set for each type of work, it is necessary to position the processing jig on the table each time, and the work efficiency is poor when processing a wide variety of small lot products. Was. Therefore, conventionally, processing jigs are divided into those that are used frequently and those that are used less frequently, and the processing jigs that are used frequently have a support block and a positioning block that fix the work on the pallet in advance. By assembling and standardizing and preparing the assembled state in a storage, the number of storage types is reduced, and the storage space and man-hours related to storage are reduced (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-230942 A

  However, in the above-mentioned conventional processing jig, even if a processing jig prepared in a storage as a frequently used jig is set on the table of the machining center each time it is set on the machining center. Coordination work was required, which did not necessarily lead to improvement in work efficiency.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pallet exchange jig and a method of attaching and detaching a pallet exchange jig which can easily perform an operation of exchanging a processing jig by minimizing an alignment operation with a machine tool such as a machining center or a milling machine. It is to provide.

  In order to solve the above problem, a pallet exchange jig according to the present invention includes a pallet base, a slider that slides on the pallet base, and a pallet that is detachably attached to the pallet base via the slider. The pallet base is provided with a pallet positioning portion, and between the pallet and the slider, there is provided engaging means for fixing the pallet and the slider positioned on the pallet base.

  Also, a method for attaching and detaching a pallet exchange jig according to the present invention is a method for attaching and detaching a pallet exchange jig for detachably attaching a pallet to a pallet base via a slider that slides on the pallet base. When the slider is slid in one direction, the slider and the pallet are engaged and the pallet is fixed to the pallet base, while when the slider is slid in the other direction on the pallet base, the engagement is released. The pallet can be detached from the pallet base.

  According to the pallet changing jig according to the present invention, the slider is arranged between the pallet and the pallet base, and the engaging means for fixing the pallet positioned on the pallet base to the slider is provided between the pallet and the pallet base. The pallet can be detachably attached to the pallet base via the pallet.

  Further, according to the method of attaching and detaching the pallet exchange jig according to the present invention, the slider and the pallet are engaged and disengaged by sliding the slider disposed between the pallet and the pallet base. The attachment and detachment of the pallet to and from the pallet base are extremely simple, and the efficiency of the pallet replacement operation can be increased.

1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a pallet exchange jig according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing of a pallet exchange jig. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of the engagement means of a slider and a pallet when a pallet raises. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of the engagement means of a slider and a pallet in the middle of a pallet moving up and down. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of the engagement means of a slider and a pallet when a pallet falls. It is a front view showing other embodiments of a slider feed mechanism. It is a whole block diagram showing a 2nd embodiment of a pallet exchange jig concerning the present invention. It is sectional drawing of a pallet exchange jig. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of the engagement means of a slider and a pallet when a pallet raises. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of the engagement means of a slider and a pallet when a pallet falls. It is a top view showing the state where a plurality of pallet exchange jigs were arranged on the table of the machining center. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the automatic pallet exchange apparatus by a robot.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pallet exchange jig and a method of attaching and detaching a pallet exchange jig according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings schematically show a pallet exchange jig and a method of attaching and detaching the pallet exchange jig of the present invention. The dimensions and dimensional ratios of these actual products do not always match the dimensions and dimensional ratios in the drawings. In addition, overlapping description may be omitted as appropriate, and the same members may be given the same reference numerals. Also, it should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but extends to the inventions described in the claims and their equivalents.

  1 to 5 show the configuration of a pallet changing jig 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The pallet changing jig 1 includes a pallet base 2 fixed on a table T of a machining center, a slider 3 disposed on the pallet base 2, and a pallet 4 detachably attached to the pallet base 2 via the slider 3. , Is provided.

  The pallet base 2 is formed of a rectangular flat plate, and a slide guide 5 for sliding the slider 3 in a predetermined direction is provided on the upper surface 2a. The slide guide 5 is formed of a linear groove having a shallow bottom and formed in the center of the upper surface of the pallet base 2. The groove extends from one end to the other in the longitudinal direction of the pallet base 2 with the same sectional shape.

  On an upper surface 2a of the pallet base 2, a positioning portion 6 for defining a mounting position of the pallet 4 is provided. A plurality of the positioning portions 6 are arranged on both sides of the slide guide 5. In this embodiment, three slide guides 5 are arranged on both sides at equal intervals. The positioning portion 6 includes a disk-shaped base portion 6a and a columnar projection 6b projecting from substantially the center of the base portion 6a. A groove 6c passing through the center of the base 6a is recessed on the upper surface of the base 6a. The groove 6c is provided in parallel with the slide guide 5, and allows dust, oil and the like adhering to the upper surface of the base 6a to escape. As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the outer periphery of the base part 6 a of the positioning part 6 projects above the slide guide 5. The operation of the overhang of the base 6a will be described later.

  The plurality of positioning portions 6 are provided with air vent holes 6d. As shown in FIG. 2, the air vent hole 6 d is a through hole that communicates the upper end of the projection 6 b and the side surface of the base 6 a. This is for removing air remaining in the positioning hole 4h. The hole diameter of the air vent hole 6d is not particularly limited. Further, in this embodiment, when the pallet 4 is positioned, an air leak detecting means for detecting that the pallet 4 is properly positioned is provided. This air leak detecting means has a pair of air leak holes 6e communicating between the middle of the air vent hole 6d and the upper surface of the base portion 6a. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, an air hose 20 connected to an air vent hole 6 d opened on the side surface of the base portion 6 a, and an air pressure detection meter 22 and an air switching valve 23 arranged in the middle of the air hose 20. And a compressor 21 connected to the tip of the air hose 20.

  By supplying low-pressure air from the compressor 21 with the air switching valve 23 closed and detecting the presence or absence of air leakage from the air leakage hole 6e, the upper surface of the base portion 6a of the positioning portion 6 and the lower surface 4b of the pallet 4 Is determined. For example, when air leakage from the air leakage hole 6e exceeds a certain level, it can be notified by an alarm sound that the adhesion of the pallet 4 is incomplete. In such a case, the height position of the upper surface 4a of the pallet 4 may be displaced and the processing accuracy may not be kept constant. Therefore, it is desirable to perform the positioning of the pallet 4 again. The air pressure detection meter 22 allows the user to visually check whether the air pressure supplied from the compressor 21 is kept constant. The outer periphery of the pallet base 2 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 2b for fixing the pallet base 2 to a T slot T1 provided in the table T of the machining center.

  The slider 3 is a long member that is slidably fitted into the slide guide 5. Horizontal flanges 3 a corresponding to the groove width of the slide guide 5 are formed on both sides of the slider 3 in the longitudinal direction so as to protrude. The height dimension of the horizontal flange 3a substantially corresponds to the groove depth of the slide guide 5. For this reason, a part of the outer periphery of the base portion 6a projecting above the slide guide 5 blocks the upper part of the horizontal flange 3a of the slider 3, thereby preventing the slider 3 from jumping out of the slide guide 5.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the slider 3 has a pair of convex portions on an upper surface 3 '. The protrusion includes a first protrusion 3b and a second protrusion 3c formed at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the slider 3. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a first upward slope 3d is formed at the front end of the first protrusion 3b, and a second upward slope 3e is formed at the front end of the second protrusion 3c. A dovetail groove 3f is formed at the rear end of the one convex portion 3b between the slider 3 and the upper surface 3 '. The dovetail groove portion 3f is an acute V-shaped groove formed between the rear end of the first convex portion 3b and the upper surface 3 'of the slider 3.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the pallet 4 is formed of a rectangular flat plate substantially the same as the pallet base 2. The upper surface 4a of the pallet 4 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 4j for mounting a processing jig such as a commercially available scroll chuck or a commercially available vise. A pair of concave portions corresponding to the convex portions of the slider 3 are formed in the center of the lower surface 4b of the pallet 4. The concave portion includes a first concave portion 4c corresponding to the first convex portion 3b of the slider 3, and a second concave portion 4d corresponding to the second convex portion 3c. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a first downward slope 4e parallel to the first upward slope 3d of the slider 3 is formed at the front end of the first recess 4c, and the first downward slope 4e is formed at the front end of the second recess 4d. A second downward slope 4f parallel to the second upward slope 3e of the slider 3 is formed. At the rear end of the first concave portion 4c, an engagement protrusion 4g is formed between the lower end 4b of the pallet 4 and the dovetail portion 3f of the slider 3. The shape of the engagement projection 4g is a V-shaped projection substantially corresponding to the V-shaped groove of the dovetail groove 3f.

  In the present invention, the dovetail groove 3f of the slider 3 and the engaging projection 4g of the pallet 4 constitute an engaging means. In this engaging means, when the slider 3 is slid in one direction on the pallet base 2, the engaging projections 4g are fitted into the dovetail grooves 3f to engage with each other, and the pallet 4 is fixed to the slider 3. The pallet 4 is positioned on the pallet base 2 via the slider 3, and at the same time, the pallet 4 is prevented from floating. On the other hand, when the slider 3 is slid in the other direction on the pallet base 2, the engagement between the two is released by the engagement projection 4 g coming out of the dovetail groove portion 3 f, and the pallet 4 can be detached from the pallet base 2.

  In the present invention, the first upward slope 3d and the second upward slope 3e formed on the slider 3 and the first downward slope 4e and the second downward slope 4f formed on the pallet 4 constitute lifting means. ing. In this elevating means, when the slider 3 is slid in one direction on the pallet base 2, the first upward slope 3d and the second upward slope 3d of the slider 3 along the first downward slope 4e and the second downward slope 4f of the pallet 4. As the upward slope 3e slides upward, the pallet descends and approaches the pallet base 2. On the other hand, when the slider 3 is slid in the other direction on the pallet base 2, the first upward slope 3d and the second upward slope 3e of the slider 3 are moved along the first downward slope 4e and the second downward slope 4f of the pallet 4. By sliding downward, the pallet 4 rises and separates from the pallet base 2.

  The positional relationship between the convex portion of the slider 3 and the concave portion of the pallet 4 will be further described. As shown in FIG. 5, when the engaging projection 4g of the pallet 4 is fitted into the dovetail groove 3f of the slider 3, the upward slopes 3d and 3e of the first convex portion 3b and the second convex portion 3c of the slider 3 Gaps C1 and C2 are formed between the downward slopes 4e and 4f of the first recess 4c and the second recess 4d of the pallet 4, respectively. The gaps C1, C2 are provided to be larger than the depth dimension D1 of the dovetail groove 3f. By doing so, as shown in FIG. 4, at the time when each of the upward slopes 3d, 3e of the slider 3 becomes slidable along each downward slope 4e, 4f of the pallet 4, the engagement projections 4g from the dovetail groove 3f. Are securely disengaged, the engagement between them is released, and the pallet 4 can be raised. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pallet 4 can be lifted by sliding the upward slopes 3d and 3e of the slider 3 upward along the downward slopes 4e and 4f of the pallet 4, respectively. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, three positioning holes 4h are provided on the lower surface 4b of the pallet 4 on both sides of the uneven portion. The positioning holes 4h correspond to the six positioning portions 6 provided on the pallet base 2, and are used when positioning the pallet 4 on the pallet base 2. Among the six positioning holes 4h, the bush 4i is mounted on a pair of diagonally positioned positioning holes 4h. When the pallet 4 is positioned, the bush 4i is mounted on the six positioning holes 4h. The pallet base 2 is positioned by the pair of positioning holes 4h on the diagonal.

  The slider 3 is slid in a predetermined direction by a slider feed mechanism. As the slider feed mechanism, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the feed is performed by a feed screw mechanism 7 arranged at one end of the pallet base 2. The feed screw mechanism 7 slides the slider 3 in one direction or the other direction, and includes a bearing 8 fixed to one end of the pallet base 2 and a feed screw 9 supported by the bearing 8. . The bearing 8 has, at its center, a support hole 8a for rotatably supporting the feed screw 9 and a stopper 8b on the side facing the slider 3 with which one end 4k of the pallet 4 can abut. In this embodiment, the stopper 8b comprises a smooth front surface of the bearing 8.

  The feed screw 9 supported by the bearing 8 has a male screw portion 9a on an outer peripheral surface which is screwed with a female screw portion 3h formed on a rear surface 3g of the slider 3, and a handle 9b at a rear end portion. By turning the handle 9b clockwise or counterclockwise, the feed screw 9 rotates, and the slider 3 can slide on the pallet base 2 in a predetermined direction.

  FIG. 6 shows another example of the slider feed mechanism. This slider feed mechanism uses an actuator 24 such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder. The distal end of a rod 25 fixed to the piston of the actuator 24 is connected to the rear end of the slider 3 to automatically perform the mechanical work of pushing and retracting the rod 25.

  Next, a method of attaching and detaching the pallet changing jig 1 having the above configuration will be described. The pallet 4 is attached to the pallet base 2 via engagement means provided between the pallet 4 and the slider 3. As shown in FIG. 1, first, the pallet 4 is placed just above the pallet base 2 by reference, and the positioning hole 4 h of the pallet 4 is aligned with the projection 6 b of the positioning portion 6 of the pallet base 2. Positioning of the pallet 4 is performed by a pair of diagonally located positioning holes 4h on which the bush 4i is mounted.

  After the positioning of the pallet 4 is completed, the handle 9b of the feed screw mechanism 7 is turned in one direction to slide the slider 3 in one direction (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3). By this sliding, as shown in FIG. 4, the first upward slope 3d of the first projection 3b of the slider 3 and the second upward slope 3e of the second projection 3c face the first downward of the first recess 4c of the pallet 4. The pallet 4 is gradually lowered by sliding downward on the slope 4e and the second downward slope 4f of the second recess 4d. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the pallet 4 descends until the lower surface 4b of the pallet 4 comes into contact with the upper surface of the base 6a of the positioning portion 6, and the slider 3 slides slightly in one direction. As shown, the engagement projection 4g of the pallet 4 is fitted into the dovetail groove portion 3f of the slider 3 so that both are locked, and the rotation of the handle 9b of the feed screw mechanism 7 is stopped. Thereby, the pallet 4 is positioned on the pallet base 2 via the slider 3 and at the same time, the pallet 4 does not float. When the slider 3 is slid in one direction to fit the engagement projection 4g of the pallet 4 into the dovetail groove 3f, the pallet 4 may slide backward together with the slider 3. Therefore, in such a case, the slide of the pallet 4 can be prevented by applying the one end 4k of the pallet 4 to the stopper 8b which is the front surface of the bearing 8. Thus, the pallet 4 is positioned on the table T of the machining device via the pallet base 2. In this state, various products can be processed using a processing jig mounted on the upper surface of the pallet 4.

  After the pallet 4 is mounted on the pallet base 2 via the slider 3, it is detected whether or not the pallet 4 is properly positioned by using the above-described air leak detecting means. The air leak detecting means is provided in a pair of positioning portions 6 corresponding to a pair of positioning holes 4h in which the bush 4i is mounted. The air switching valve 23 located in the middle of the air hose 20 is closed, air of a predetermined pressure is supplied from the compressor 21 to the positioning section 6, and it is detected and confirmed that there is no air leakage from the air leakage hole 6e. The detection is performed by an alarm sound, an air pressure detection meter 22, or the like.

  On the other hand, when detaching the pallet 4 from the pallet base 2, the handle 9b of the feed screw mechanism 7 is turned in the opposite direction to slide the slider 3 in the other direction (the direction of arrow B in FIG. 5). By this slide, as shown in FIG. 4, the engagement projection 4g of the pallet 4 comes out of the dovetail groove portion 3f of the slider 3, and the engagement between them is released. Further, by turning the handle 9b and sliding the slider 3, the upward slopes 3d and 3e of the first convex portion 3b and the second convex portion 3c of the slider 3 are reversed from the first concave portion 4c of the pallet 4 and The pallet 4 is gradually pushed up by sliding upward on the downward slopes 4e and 4f of the two concave portions 4d. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, when the lower surface 4b of the pallet 4 is completely raised on the upper surfaces of the first convex portion 3b and the second convex portion 3c of the slider 3, the rotation of the handle 9b of the feed screw mechanism 7 is stopped. I do.

  By such an operation, the pallet 4 is lifted up and separated from the slider 3, and a predetermined gap is provided between the pallet 4 and the pallet base 2. Then, a pallet 4 is lifted by turning a chain or the like of the crane into this gap, completely separated from the pallet base 2 and transported to a predetermined position, and then replaced with a new pallet.

  7 to 10 show a pallet changing jig according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As in the first embodiment, the pallet exchange jig 11 can be attached to and detached from the pallet base 2 via the pallet base 2 fixed to the table T of the machining center, the slider 13 disposed on the pallet base 2, and the slider 13. And a pair of pallets 14 attached to the pallets.

  In the center of the upper surface 2a of the pallet base 2, a slide guide 5 having a linear groove is formed as in the first embodiment. A slider 13 is slidably disposed on the slide guide 5. Unlike the above-described embodiment, the slider 13 is formed of a rectangular long member. A first engagement hole 13b penetrating the side surface 13a is provided. The first engagement 13b is formed by an elongated hole inclined with respect to the sliding direction of the slider 13, and particularly from the rear end side (the right side in the longitudinal direction of the slider in FIG. 7) to the front end side (the slider in FIG. 7). (The left side in the longitudinal direction). The slider 13 has a horizontal flange 13c formed at the lower end of the left and right side surfaces 13a as in the previous embodiment, and a female screw portion on the rear surface 13d with which the feed screw 9 of the feed screw mechanism 7 is screwed. 13e is provided. The feed screw mechanism 7 has the same configuration as that of the previous embodiment, and includes a bearing 8 fixed to one end of the pallet base 2 and a feed screw 9 supported by the bearing 8. As the slider feed mechanism other than the feed screw mechanism 7, an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder can be used as in the case of the above embodiment.

  The pallet 14 according to this embodiment constitutes a base portion of a Japanese larch vise, and a T-slot T2 for mounting a green stalk or a clamp unit (neither is shown) is provided on an upper surface of the pallet 14. Direction. The side surface 14c of the pallet 14 is provided with a second engagement hole 14d substantially at the center in the longitudinal direction. The second engagement hole 14d is a circular hole that passes through the left and right side surfaces 14c of the pallet 14 in the horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, a first engagement hole 13b provided in the slider 13, a second engagement hole 14d provided in the pallet 14, and an engagement pin 16 inserted into both engagement holes 13b, 14d. Constitutes an engagement means. Further, three positioning holes 14f are provided in the lower surface 14e of the pallet 14. These positioning holes 14f are provided corresponding to the three positioning portions 6 provided along the slide guides 5 of the pallet base 2, and as shown in FIGS. A positioning bush 14g is mounted in the positioning hole 14f. As shown in FIG. 7, the pallets 14 in the present embodiment have an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape, and are disposed in a pair on both sides of the slider 13.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of various Japanese larch vice having the Japanese larch mounted on the upper surface 14a of the pallet 14 are prepared, and can be easily positioned and fixed to the pallet base 2 as it is. For this reason, the time required for positioning is shorter than in the case of directly mounting the pollen vise on the table T of the machining center, and the work of mounting the pollen vise can be completed in a short time.

  As shown in FIG. 11, a pallet base 2 provided with a slider 13 and a feed screw mechanism 7 on a table T of a machining center, and a pair of pallets 14 attached to the pallet base 2 via the slider 13 are provided. By fixing a plurality of the pallet exchange jigs 11 and using the T slot T2 of each pallet 14, it is possible to cope with the mounting of various processing jigs, and it is as if the same as the table T of the machining center. The mounting surface of the processing jig can be provided on the pallet 14.

  Next, a method of attaching and detaching the pallet changing jig 11 having the above configuration will be described. First, a case where the pallet 14 is fixed to the pallet base 2 will be described. FIG. 7 shows a case where a pair of pallets 14 is fixed to both sides of the slider 13 arranged on the pallet base 2. First, the pallet 14 is placed above the pallet base 2, the positioning holes 14f of the pallet 14 are aligned with the positioning portions 6 of the pallet base 2, and then the projections 6b of the positioning portion 6 are inserted into the positioning holes 14f. The pallet 14 is positioned on the pallet base 2 by two positioning holes 14f at both ends where the bush 14g is mounted, of the three positioning holes 14f.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, second engagement holes 14 d provided on each side surface 14 c of the pair of pallets 14 and side surfaces 13 a of the slider 13 sandwiched between the pair of pallets 14 are provided. The engaging pin 16 is inserted into the first engaging hole 13b, and the pair of pallets 14 and the slider 13 are connected by the engaging pin 16 (see FIG. 8). At this time, the engagement pin 16 is located at the upper end of the first engagement hole 13b of the slider 13 (see FIG. 9).

  Next, the handle 9b of the feed screw mechanism 7 is turned in one direction to slide the slider 13 in one direction (the direction of arrow C in FIG. 9). Accordingly, the position of the first engagement hole 13b of the slider 13 also gradually moves rearward. The first engagement 13b is provided as a long hole that is inclined with respect to the sliding direction of the slider 13, and the inclination direction of the long hole is inclined downward toward the front in the longitudinal direction of the slider 13. As the slide 13 moves, the engagement pin 16 moves downward in the first engagement hole 13b. Then, with the movement of the engagement pin 16, as shown in FIG. 10, the second engagement hole 14d of the pallet 14 into which the engagement pin 16 is inserted is pushed down together with the movement of the engagement pin 16, and As a result, the pallet 14 descends and approaches the pallet base 2 side.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the projection 6 b of the positioning portion 6 provided on the pallet base 2 is deeply fitted into the positioning hole 14 f of the pallet 14, and the lower surface 14 e of the pallet 14 is The rotation of the handle 9b is stopped when the handle 9b comes into contact with the upper surface of the portion 6a. At this time, with the engagement pins 16 pressing the pair of pallets 14 against the pallet base 2, the engagement pins 16 are engaged with the second engagement holes 14 d of the pallet 14 and the first engagement holes 13 b of the slider 13. Therefore, the pallet 14 is fixed to the slider 13, and as a result, is positioned on the pallet base 2 via the slider 13. That is, the pallet 14 is positioned and fixed to the table T of the machining device via the pallet base 2. In this state, various products can be processed using a processing jig mounted on the upper surface of the pallet 14. Also in this embodiment, after the pallet 14 is positioned on the pallet base 2 via the slider 13, it is checked whether the pallet 14 is properly positioned using the above-described air leak detecting means.

  On the other hand, when removing the pallet 14 from the pallet base 2, the handle 9b of the feed screw mechanism 7 is turned in the opposite direction to slide the slider 13 in the other direction (the direction of arrow D in FIG. 10). Due to this sliding, the position of the first engagement hole 13b of the slider 13 moves forward, and the engagement pin 16 located below the first engagement hole 13b moves along the first engagement hole 13b. By moving upward (see FIG. 9), the engagement by the engagement pin 16 is released. When the engagement pin 16 moves to the upper end of the first engagement hole 13b, the rotation of the handle 9b stops. At this point, the pallet 14 can be detached from the upper surface 2a of the pallet base 2, and can be lifted while holding the pallet 14 with both arms, or lifted using a lifter or the like, and transported to a predetermined position.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of an automatic pallet changing device 27 by a robot. In this automatic exchange device 27, for example, a robot 28 is placed in the center of a work space, and three machining centers 29a, 29b, 29c are arranged so as to surround three sides thereof. A pallet changing jig 1 according to the present invention is installed on a table of each of the machining centers 29a, 29b, and 29c. A setup station 30 is provided at a position on the front side of the robot 28 where the machining center is not arranged. The setup station 30 has a roller conveyor 31 that extends long to the left and right, and a plurality of pallets 4 move on the roller conveyor 31. Replacement work of the pallet 4 that the robot arm 28a has been working on the table of each machining center 29a, 29b, 29c with a predetermined pallet 4 selected from the setup station 30 based on a work procedure programmed in advance. Can be performed automatically.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be recognized that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made to these embodiments.

1,11 Pallet exchange jig 2 Pallet base 2a Upper surface 2b Fixing hole 3,13 Slider 3 'Upper surface of slider 3a, 13c Horizontal flange 3b First convex portion 3c Second convex portion 3d First upward slope 3e Second upward slope 3f V-shaped groove 3g, 13d Rear surface 3h, 13e Female screw portion 3k, 13c Horizontal flange 4 Pallet 4a Upper surface 4b Lower surface 4c First concave portion 4d Second concave portion 4e First downward inclined surface 4f Second downward inclined surface 4g V-shaped protrusion 4h Positioning hole 4i Bush 4j Mounting hole 4k One end 5 Slide guide 5a Horizontal groove 6 Positioning part 6a Base part 6b Projection part 6c Groove part 6d Air vent hole 6e Air leak hole 7 Feed screw mechanism 8 Bearing 8a Support hole 8b Stopper 9 Feed screw 9a Male screw 9b Handle 13a Side surface of slider 13b First engagement hole 14 Let (pallet)
14a Upper surface 14b Concave groove 14c Side surface 14d Second engagement hole 14e Lower surface 14f Positioning hole 14g Bush 16 Engagement pin 20 Air hose 21 Compressor 22 Air pressure detection meter 23 Air switching valve 24 Actuator 25 Bar material 27 Automatic pallet changing device 28 Robot 28a Robot arm 29a, 29b, 29c Machining center 30 Setup station 31 Roller conveyor T table T1, T2 T slot

Claims (12)

A pallet base, a slider that slides on the pallet base, and a pallet detachably attached to the pallet base via the slider;
The pallet base is provided with a pallet positioning portion,
A pallet exchange jig provided between the pallet and the slider, with an engagement means for fixing the pallet and the slider positioned on the pallet base.   The pallet changing jig according to claim 1, wherein a slide guide having a linear groove is formed on an upper surface of the pallet base.   2. The pallet exchange jig according to claim 1, wherein the positioning portion has a base portion on which the lower surface of the pallet is placed, and a projection projecting from the base portion and inserted into a positioning hole provided on the lower surface of the pallet. .   The pallet changing jig according to claim 3, wherein the positioning portion is provided with an air vent hole that communicates an upper end of the protrusion with a side surface of the base.   5. The pallet changing jig according to claim 4, further comprising an air leak hole communicating the air vent hole and the upper surface of the base portion.   The pallet changing jig according to claim 5, wherein the air leakage hole is supplied with low-pressure air from a compressor via an air hose connected to the air vent hole.   The pallet changing jig according to claim 1, wherein the engaging means includes a dovetail groove provided on one of the pallet and the slider, and an engaging projection provided on the other and fitted into the dovetail groove.   Elevating means for elevating the pallet is provided between the slider and the pallet, and the elevating means is provided on a downward slope provided on the lower surface side of the pallet facing the slider and on the upper surface side of the slider facing the pallet. The pallet exchange jig according to claim 1, wherein the pallet has a downward slope and an upward slope parallel to the pallet, and the pallet moves up and down by sliding the upward slope of the slider along the downward slope of the pallet. The engagement means is inserted through a first engagement hole penetrating the side surface of the slider, a second engagement hole penetrating the side surface of the pallet, and the first engagement hole and the second engagement hole. And an engagement pin,
The pallet exchange according to claim 1, wherein the engagement pin moves in the first engagement hole by sliding of the slider, and the engagement pin is engaged between the first engagement hole and the second engagement hole. jig.   The pallet exchange jig according to claim 9, wherein the first engagement hole is a long hole inclined with respect to a predetermined sliding direction of the slider. A pallet replacement jig for attaching and detaching a pallet to a pallet base via a slider that slides on the pallet base, comprising:
When the slider is slid in one direction on the pallet base, the slider and the pallet are engaged with each other to fix the pallet to the pallet base. A pallet exchange jig that allows the pallet to be detached from the pallet base when the pallet is released.   The method according to claim 11, wherein the pallet moves up and down on a pallet base as the slider slides.

Images