JP6894372B2 - カフェインの制御放出 - Google Patents
カフェインの制御放出 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6894372B2 JP6894372B2 JP2017531594A JP2017531594A JP6894372B2 JP 6894372 B2 JP6894372 B2 JP 6894372B2 JP 2017531594 A JP2017531594 A JP 2017531594A JP 2017531594 A JP2017531594 A JP 2017531594A JP 6894372 B2 JP6894372 B2 JP 6894372B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- caffeine
- oil
- phase
- inverse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4875—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
- A61K31/522—Purines, e.g. adenine having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. hypoxanthine, guanine, acyclovir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/10—Treating roasted coffee; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F5/12—Agglomerating, flaking or tabletting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/24—Extraction of coffee; Coffee extracts; Making instant coffee
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
- A61K31/683—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols
- A61K31/685—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols one of the hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. phosphatidylserine, lecithin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/75—Rutaceae (Rue family)
- A61K36/752—Citrus, e.g. lime, orange or lemon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
Description
覚醒させる、かつ/又は睡魔と闘うために、様々な刺激物が人に投与され得ることはよく知られている。こうした目的に使用される典型的な刺激物はカフェインである。好都合なことに、カフェインはコーヒー、お茶、及び一部の炭酸清涼飲料などの飲料中に見いだされる。カフェインを投与する最も一般的な形態の一つは、一日を始めるときに人がより覚醒するのに役立つようにと早朝に1杯のホットコーヒーを飲むことである。
本発明は第1の態様において、25℃で液体である脂質連続相と、自己組織化構造とを有する食用組成物であって、油、リン脂質、カフェイン及び水を含む組成物を提供する。本発明のある態様では、食用組成物は、眠気の処置又は予防において使用するためのものである。
ダイズ豆ホスファチジルコリン(PC)は、Epikuron200という製品名でCargill(Germany)から購入した。(R)−(+)−リモネン及びカフェインは、Sigma−Aldrichから購入した。Pyrex試験管中で、以下の組成で中間相(0.3g)を調製した:
(式中、Qは中間相の表面S(S≒0.9cm2)を通過する薬物のモル流束であり、C0は中間相中のカフェインの初期モル濃度であり、tは放出時間である)。拡散係数上のエラーバーは、非線形方程式についての誤差伝播法によって計算した:
ダイズ豆ホスファチジルコリン(Epikuron200)、(R)−(+)−リモネン及びカフェインを実施例1のように用いたが、以下の実験では異なるパーセンテージのコーヒー油を添加した。
Pyrex試験管中で、以下の組成で中間相(0.3g)を調製した:
Claims (13)
- 25℃で液体である脂質連続相と、自己組織化構造とを有する食用組成物であって、油、リン脂質、カフェイン及び水を含む、組成物であって、
前記組成物中に含まれる前記油が精油を含み、前記精油がコーヒー油及びリモネンを含む、組成物。 - 油の重量が油及びリン脂質の総重量の1%より多い、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記自己組織化構造が、逆L2相、逆マイクロエマルション、逆ミセルキュービック構造、逆双連続キュービック構造、逆スポンジ相、逆ヘキサゴナル構造、ラメラ相及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される構造である、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 眠気又は覚醒障害の処置又は予防において使用するための、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、高齢対象への投与用である、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 対象がヒト又は愛玩動物である、請求項4又は5に記載の組成物。
- 肥満又は過体重の処置又は予防において使用するための、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、1kg体重あたり0.5mg〜10mgのカフェインを提供するような一日量で投与される、請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 意識の覚醒を高めるための、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の非治療的使用。
- 食事誘発性熱産生及びエネルギー消費を高めるための、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の非治療的使用。
- カフェインの制御放出をもたらすための、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含む食用カプセル。
- 前記食用カプセルが栄養補助食品である、請求項12に記載の食用カプセル。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14198056 | 2014-12-15 | ||
| EP14198056.5 | 2014-12-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/078591 WO2016096468A1 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2015-12-03 | Controlled release of caffeine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2018509136A JP2018509136A (ja) | 2018-04-05 |
| JP6894372B2 true JP6894372B2 (ja) | 2021-06-30 |
Family
ID=52146148
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017531594A Expired - Fee Related JP6894372B2 (ja) | 2014-12-15 | 2015-12-03 | カフェインの制御放出 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11096897B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3232813B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6894372B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN106998744A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2016096468A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12350367B2 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2025-07-08 | Nulixir Inc. | Particles for administration of active ingredients and methods of making the same |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3630683B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-28 | 2005-03-16 | 味の素ゼネラルフーヅ株式会社 | コーヒーアロマを処理する方法 |
| US7115297B2 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2006-10-03 | Suzanne Jaffe Stillman | Nutritionally fortified liquid composition with added value delivery systems/elements/additives |
| US6475530B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2002-11-05 | Eric H. Kuhrts | Methods and compositions for producing weight loss |
| GB0101198D0 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2001-02-28 | Scherer Technologies Inc R P | Ingestible compositions containing an odoriferous oil |
| US20040156816A1 (en) | 2002-08-06 | 2004-08-12 | David Anderson | Lipid-drug complexes in reversed liquid and liquid crystalline phases |
| JP2004147578A (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Ucc Ueshima Coffee Co Ltd | 芳香化されたコーヒーオイルの製造方法 |
| EP1504671A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-09 | Nestec S.A. | Controlled delivery of caffeine from high-caffeinated coffee beverages made from soluble powder |
| EP1598060A1 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2005-11-23 | Nestec S.A. | Oil-in-water emulsion for delivery |
| CN101360481A (zh) * | 2005-11-22 | 2009-02-04 | 雀巢技术公司 | 水包油乳液及其用于功能性输送的用途 |
| EP1956920A1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2008-08-20 | Nestec S.A. | Easily dispersible lipidic phase |
| US20080171085A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-17 | Natrol, Inc. | Novel biphasic delivery system for a pharmaceutical or nutraceutical composition and method of administration |
| CA2728087C (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2017-03-28 | Nestec S.A. | Maillard flavor compositions and methods for making such compositions |
| US8043645B2 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2011-10-25 | Starbucks Corporation | Method of making beverages with enhanced flavors and aromas |
| JP5620647B2 (ja) | 2009-01-30 | 2014-11-05 | ハウス食品グループ本社株式会社 | 眠気覚まし用組成物 |
| JP5833846B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-30 | 2015-12-16 | サントリー食品インターナショナル株式会社 | 植物精油の分離方法 |
| JP6134049B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-05-24 | バイラン・インコーポレイテッドVirun,Inc. | ビタミンeの水溶性誘導体の製品およびそれを含む組成物 |
-
2015
- 2015-12-03 JP JP2017531594A patent/JP6894372B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-12-03 CN CN201580065656.4A patent/CN106998744A/zh active Pending
- 2015-12-03 US US15/535,836 patent/US11096897B2/en active Active
- 2015-12-03 EP EP15804778.7A patent/EP3232813B1/en active Active
- 2015-12-03 WO PCT/EP2015/078591 patent/WO2016096468A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106998744A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| JP2018509136A (ja) | 2018-04-05 |
| WO2016096468A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
| EP3232813B1 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
| US20170367984A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
| EP3232813A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
| US11096897B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Aziz et al. | Enrichment of Eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion by micellar nanotechnology: Transdermal analgesic activity using hot plate test in rats’ assay | |
| CN102131407B (zh) | 含有非极性化合物的组合物 | |
| Zhu et al. | In vitro and in vivo evaluation of capsaicin‐loaded microemulsion for enhanced oral bioavailability | |
| Satapathy et al. | Sunflower‐oil‐based lecithin organogels as matrices for controlled drug delivery | |
| Appolinario et al. | Pharmacological approaches in the treatment of binge eating disorder | |
| Moghimipour et al. | Formulation and evaluation of liposomes for transdermal delivery of celecoxib | |
| BR112019012309A2 (pt) | flocos secos com ingredientes ativos | |
| Lacatusu et al. | Lipid nanocarriers based on natural compounds: An evolving role in plant extract delivery | |
| CN105792660A (zh) | 采用可食用无机盐颗粒进行稳定的乳剂 | |
| Nasr et al. | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles, a safe option for silymarin delivery: preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation | |
| CN104394850A (zh) | 膳食和营养组合物及应用的方法 | |
| JP2006016312A (ja) | 脂肪代謝改善組成物 | |
| Zahran et al. | Selenium nanoparticles with low-level ionizing radiation exposure ameliorate nicotine-induced inflammatory impairment in rat kidney | |
| ES2549116T3 (es) | Uso de composiciones que contienen carnosol y/o rosmanol | |
| KR20180050331A (ko) | 증가된 안정성 및 개선된 흡수율을 갖는 호노키올 및 마그놀롤 제형, 및 이의 사용 방법 | |
| JP6894372B2 (ja) | カフェインの制御放出 | |
| Mekarun et al. | Caffeine-containing emulsion: influence of the HLB and mixing proportions, the oil’s chemical composition, and the existence of caffeine on emulsion properties | |
| US20120149766A1 (en) | Dietary and pharmaceutical compositions comprising a sage extract containing a mixture of tricyclic diterpenes and their derivatives and their uses | |
| CN106728564A (zh) | 提神醒脑组合物及其制剂 | |
| KR20150078613A (ko) | 침향 및 해양심층수를 유효성분으로 함유하는 항알러지용 조성물 | |
| JP2015067593A (ja) | ウコン中の有用成分及びウコン色素を含有する液状組成物 | |
| Chan et al. | " At least it's natural...." Herbs and dietary supplements in ADHD | |
| TWI673012B (zh) | 微米魚油組成物及其製備方法與用途 | |
| Obitte et al. | preliminary attempt to address indomethacin’s poor water solubility using solid self emulsifying drug delivery system as a carrier | |
| Mirza et al. | Nanoemulsion technology in unani medicine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20181120 |
|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712 Effective date: 20190614 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20190823 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20190903 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20191122 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20200512 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20210119 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210412 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20210525 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20210603 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6894372 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |
