JP7521897B2 - 医薬品有効成分の自己調節放出のための方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
医薬品有効成分の自己調節放出のための方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7521897B2 JP7521897B2 JP2019553509A JP2019553509A JP7521897B2 JP 7521897 B2 JP7521897 B2 JP 7521897B2 JP 2019553509 A JP2019553509 A JP 2019553509A JP 2019553509 A JP2019553509 A JP 2019553509A JP 7521897 B2 JP7521897 B2 JP 7521897B2
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Description
[0014]一部の態様において、酸可溶性成分はマトリックスを形成し、乱用されやすい薬物の実質的部分はそのマトリックス内に含有される。一部の態様において、酸可溶性成分は、炭酸カルシウム、カチオン性コポリマー、又はそれらの組合せを含む。一部の態様において、カチオン性コポリマーは、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、ブチルメタクリレート、及びメチルメタクリレートの一つ又は複数を含む。一部の態様において、酸可溶性成分は、医薬組成物の約1wt%~約40wt%の量で存在する。一部の態様において、緩衝成分は、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、酸化マグネシウム、三塩基性リン酸ナトリウム、又はそれらの組合せを含む。一部の態様において、緩衝成分は約45wt%~約95wt%の量で存在する。
[0032]本明細書において、用語“Cmax”は、薬物の投与後で第二用量の投与前に、身体の特定区画又は試験領域で薬物が達成する最大(又はピーク)血清中濃度を指す。本明細書において、用語“Tmax”は、Cmaxが観察される時間を指す。
[0038]一態様において、本発明は、乱用されやすい薬物、第一の酸可溶性成分、第一の緩衝成分、及び遅延放出緩衝成分を含む乱用抑止性医薬組成物に関する。
[0040]一態様において、本発明は、乱用されやすい薬物、酸可溶性成分、緩衝成分、及び胃酸生成を低減するための成分を含む乱用抑止性医薬組成物に関する。
[0045]任意の薬物、治療上許容可能な薬物塩、薬物誘導体、薬物類似体、薬物同族体、プロドラッグ、又は多形体が本発明に使用できる。本発明で使用するのに適切な薬物は、医師用卓上参考書(Physician’s Desk Reference)、第59版に見出すことができ、その内容は引用によって本明細書に援用する。一態様において、薬物は経口投与薬物である。一部の態様において、本発明による医薬組成物は、一つ又は複数の薬物、治療上許容可能な薬物塩、薬物誘導体、薬物類似体、薬物同族体、又は多形体の混合物、被覆粒子、又は顆粒を含みうる。
3-メチル-2-フェニルモルホリン(フェンメトラジン)、5-エチル-5-フェニルバルビツール酸(フェノバルビタール)、α,α-ジメチルフェネチルアミン(フェンテルミン)、7-クロロ-5-フェニル-1-(2-プロピニル)-1H-1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン-2(3H)-オン(ピナゼパム)、α-(2-ピペリジル)ベンズヒドリルアルコール(ピプラドール(pipradol))、1’-(3-シアノ-3,3-ジフェニルプロピル)[1,4’-ビピペリジン]-4’-カルボキサミド(ピリトラミド)、7-クロロ-1-(シクロプロピルメチル)-5-フェニル-1H-1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン-2(3H)-オン(プラゼパム)、プロファドール、プロヘプタジン、プロメドール、プロペリジン、プロポキシフェン、N-(1-メチル-2-ピペリジノエチル)-N-(2-ピリジル)プロピオンアミド、メチル-{3-[4-メトキシカルボニル-4-(N-フェニルプロパンアミド)ピペリジノ]プロパノエート}(レミフェンタニル)、5-sec.-ブチル-5-エチルバルビツール酸(secブタバルビタール)、5-アリル-5-(1-メチルブチル)バルビツール酸(セコバルビタール)、N-{4-メトキシメチル-1-[2-(2-チエニル)エチル]-4-ピペリジル}プロピオンアニリド(スフェンタニル)、7-クロロ-2-ヒドロキシ-メチル-5-フェニル-1H-1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン-2-(3H)-オン(テマゼパム)、7-クロロ-5-(1-シクロヘキセニル)-1-メチル-1H-1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン-2(3H)-オン(テトラゼパム)、エチル-(2-ジメチルアミノ-1-フェニル-3-シクロヘキサン-1-カルボキシレート)(チリジン(シス及びトランス))、トラマドール、8-クロロ-6-(2-クロロフェニル)-1-メチル-4H-[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3-a][1,4]ベンゾジアゼピン(トリアゾラム)、5-(1-メチルブチル)-5-ビニルバルビツール酸(ビニルビタール)、(1R*,2R*)-3-(3-ジメチルアミノ-1-エチル-2-メチル-プロピル)フェノール、(1R,2R,4S)-2-[ジメチルアミノ)メチル-4-(p-フルオロベンジルオキシ)-1-(m-メトキシフェニル)シクロヘキサノール、それぞれ任意に対応する立体異性体化合物の形態ならびに対応する誘導体、特にエステル又はエーテル、ならびにいずれも生理学的に適合可能な化合物、特に塩及び溶媒和物。
[0053]一部の態様において、本発明の医薬組成物は、酸性溶液に可溶性の一つ又は複数の成分を含む。酸性溶液は、pHが7未満、約1~約4、約2~約5、5以下などの溶液と考えられる。一部の態様において、酸可溶性成分は、弱酸性、中性、及び/又は塩基性の溶液には溶けにくい。一部の態様において、酸可溶性成分は、約4又は5より高いpHを有する溶液には溶けにくい。
[0060]一部の態様において、本発明の医薬組成物は、一つ又は複数の緩衝成分及び/又は制酸成分を含む。そのような成分は、医薬組成物が不適切な量、及び/又は通常の治療的使用のために典型的に処方される量より多い量で消費された場合、胃のpHを上昇させることができる。一部の態様において、そのような成分は、医薬組成物が不適切な量、及び/又は通常の治療的使用のために典型的に処方される量より多い量で消費された場合、胃のpHを約4より高いpHに迅速かつ持続的に上昇させることができる。
[0075]一部の態様において、胃内容排出時間の延長(すなわち、剤形の成分が小腸に移動する前に胃に滞留する時間を延長すること)を自己調節乱用抑止性剤形と結び付けると、剤形の乱用抑止特性を相乗的に改良することが見出された。
[0082]一般的に、胃酸生成の低減に適切な任意の成分が本発明の組成物及び方法に使用できる。一部の態様において、胃酸の生成を低減するための成分は、ヒスタミン2受容体(H2)アンタゴニストでありうる。一部の態様において、H2アンタゴニストは、ニザチジン、ファモチジン、ラニチジン、及びシメチジンの一つ又は複数である。一部の態様において、胃酸の生成を低減するための成分はプロトンポンプ阻害薬でありうる。一部の態様において、プロトンポンプ阻害薬は、イラプラゾール、ラベプラゾール、パントプラゾール、エソメプラゾール、デクスランソプラゾール、ランソプラゾール、及びオメプラゾールの一つ又は複数である。
[0088]本発明は、任意に、本発明の医薬組成物から剤形への製造を増進するための及び/又は本発明の医薬組成物を含む剤形の放出プロフィールを変更するためのその他の成分を含むこともできる。
[0094]本明細書中に記載されているように、本発明の医薬製剤は、過剰用量の医薬品有効成分の放出とその後の吸収を緩徐化又は遮断するように製剤化できる。一部の態様において、医薬製剤は、pH調節特性及び/又はpH依存性溶解特性を持つように設計することができる。pH調節特性は、医薬組成物が適切な投与量で摂取されたか又は過剰に摂取されたかに基づいて胃環境のpHを調節することにより、活性成分の放出及び/又は吸収に影響を及ぼすことができる。pH調節特性は、医薬組成物に一つ又は複数の緩衝成分及び/又は制酸成分を含めることによって提供できる。pH依存性溶解特性は、胃環境のpHに応じて医薬品有効成分を抑制又は放出することにより、活性成分の放出及び/又は吸収に影響を及ぼすことができる。pH依存性溶解特性は、医薬組成物に一つ又は複数の酸可溶性成分を含めることによって提供できる。
[00106]一部の態様において、医薬組成物は、医薬品有効成分を酸可溶性成分と任意の適切な方法によって均質混合することにより製造できる。一態様において、方法は乾式又は湿式造粒法である。一部の態様において、粒子マトリックスが粒子(particulate)又は顆粒(granular)形で形成される。別の態様において、方法はホットメルト押出である。理論に拘束されることは望まないが、ホットメルト押出の方が、混合又はその他の複合材料形成法よりも、本発明で使用される二つ以上の構成成分間のより緊密接触を提供できる。
[00112]一部の態様において、一つ又は複数の成分又は粒子、顆粒又は層は、米国特許出願公開第20120202839号(引用によってその全文を本明細書に援用する)に記載されているように隔離できる。薬学的活性成分、酸可溶性成分、及び緩衝成分の即時放出単位用量を含む乱用抑止性医薬組成物は、米国特許第9,101,636号(引用によってその全文を本明細書に援用する)に記載されている。
[00114]一態様において、本発明は、乱用されやすい薬物によって緩和される疾患の治療法に関し、該方法は、それを必要とする対象に、乱用されやすい薬物、酸可溶性成分、緩衝成分、及び胃内容排出時間延長成分を含む乱用抑止性医薬組成物を投与することを含む。
[00126]臨床研究AP-LTX-400(研究400)として、二つのプロトタイプのヒドロモルフォンHCL 2mg製剤:LTX-04S及びLTX-04Pを使用した。どちらも同じミクロ粒子製剤であったが、緩衝剤の量が異なっていた(それぞれ5及び9mEq緩衝能)。研究400は二つの連続コホートのために設計された。コホート1では、二つの試験製剤を、参照製品すなわちDilaudid(登録商標)錠剤2mgに対して1、2、及び3錠で比較した。コホート2では、LTX-04P試験製剤を、参照製品に対して過剰経口消費を表す4、6、及び8錠で試験及び比較した。
[00129]自己調節製剤による延長された胃内容排出時間の相乗効果を示すために、研究AP-LTX-401で、自己調節ヒドロモルフォンHCl 2mg製剤LTX-04P3のヒト薬物動態を胃内容排出時間延長モデルで比較した。第一の13人の被験者群には7錠のLTX-04P3錠剤を240mLの水と共に投与した。第二の15人の被験者群には7錠のLTX-04P3錠剤を胃内容排出時間を延長することが知られている溶液である水中20%w/vグルコース240mLと共に投与した。30人の対照群には7錠のジェネリックヒドロモルフォンHCl、2mgを240mLの水と共に投与した。
[00132]酸可溶性顆粒を製造するための製剤及び方法の例は次の通りである。
[00133]酸可溶性顆粒
[00135]1.オキシコドンとEudragit Eを均一にブレンドする;
[00136]2.ブレンドを160℃でホットメルト押出し;押出材料を回収する;
[00137]3.オキシコドン-Eudragit E押出物を振動造粒機によりサイジングし;ふるい分けされた顆粒(<600μm)を回収する;
[00138]胃酸低減剤を含む遅延放出緩衝成分を製造するための製剤及び方法の例は次の通りである。
[00141]1.酸化マグネシウムと微結晶セルロースを均一にブレンドする;
[00142]2.ブレンドをローラー圧縮し、振動造粒機によりサイジングする。ふるい分けされた乾燥顆粒(>250μm)を回収する。
[00144]4.Opadry Clear/ファモチジンのサブコーティングB溶液をまずOpadry Clearを十分量の水と混合することによって製造する。次にファモチジンをサブコーティングBに加え、均一に分散し、定常混合を維持する。
[00146]6.乾燥顆粒を流動床コーターに入れ、およそ10%のEudragit E POサブコーティングAをボトムスプレー法により緩衝剤顆粒に適用する。適用後、Eudragit E POサブコーティングAを十分に乾燥させる。次に、同じ流動床法で、十分なOpadry Clear/ファモチジンのサブコーティングB溶液を適用し、1用量あたり2mgのファモチジンとする。適用後、Opadry Clear/ファモチジンのサブコーティングBを十分に乾燥させる。次に、同じ流動床法で、およそ10%(w/w)のEudragit L 30%分散液をサブコートA&B顆粒に適用し、完全に乾燥させる。
[00148]オキシコドン自己調節錠剤を製造するための製剤及び方法の例は次の通りである。
[00151]1.オキシコドン酸可溶性顆粒、Effersoda 12、腸溶コーティングされた酸化マグネシウム/ファモチジン顆粒、グリシン及びクロスポビドンを均一にブレンドする。
[00153]3.最終ブレンドを、修正楕円形錠剤成形型(modified oval tablet tooling)を備えた回転式錠剤プレスに移す。錠剤を8~12kPの硬さに圧縮する。
態様1 乱用抑止性医薬組成物であって、
乱用されやすい薬物と;
第一の酸可溶性成分と;
第一の緩衝成分と;そして
遅延放出緩衝成分と
を含む組成物。
態様2 第一の酸可溶性成分が、炭酸カルシウム、カチオン性コポリマー、又はそれらの組合せを含む、態様1に記載の組成物。
態様3 カチオン性コポリマーが、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、ブチルメタクリレート、及びメチルメタクリレートの一つ又は複数を含む、態様2に記載の組成物。
態様4 第一の緩衝成分が、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、酸化マグネシウム、三塩基性リン酸ナトリウム、又はそれらの組合せを含む、態様1~3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様5 遅延放出緩衝成分が、第二の緩衝成分、腸溶剤、及び持続放出成分を含む、態様1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様6 遅延放出緩衝成分が、コア、コアを取り囲むシェル、及びコアとシェルの間のサブコートを含み、コアは第二の緩衝成分を含み、シェルは腸溶剤を含み、そしてサブコートは持続放出成分を含む、態様5に記載の組成物。
態様7 遅延放出緩衝成分が、第二の緩衝成分、腸溶剤、及び第二の酸可溶性成分を含む、態様1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様8 遅延放出緩衝成分が、コア、コアを取り囲むシェル、及びコアとシェルの間のサブコートを含み、コアは第二の緩衝成分を含み、シェルは腸溶剤を含み、そしてサブコートは第二の酸可溶性成分を含む、態様7に記載の組成物。
態様9 第二の酸可溶性成分が、炭酸カルシウム、カチオン性コポリマー、又はそれらの組合せを含む、態様8に記載の組成物。
態様10 カチオン性コポリマーが、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、ブチルメタクリレート、及びメチルメタクリレートの一つ又は複数を含む、態様9に記載の組成物。
態様11 第二の酸可溶性成分が第一の酸可溶性成分と同じである、態様10~13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様12 第二の緩衝成分が、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、酸化マグネシウム、三塩基性リン酸ナトリウム、又はそれらの組合せを含む、態様5~11のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様13 第二の緩衝成分が第一の緩衝成分と同じである、態様5~12のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様14 腸溶成分が、セラック、メチルアクリレート-メタクリル酸コポリマー、酢酸フタル酸セルロース、酢酸コハク酸セルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースフタレート、酢酸コハク酸ヒプロメロース、ポリビニルアセテートフタレート、アルギン酸ナトリウム、及びゼインの一つ又は複数を含む、態様5~13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様15 胃酸生成を低減するための成分をさらに含む、態様1~14のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様16 胃酸生成を低減するための成分がH2-アンタゴニストを含む、態様15に記載の組成物。
態様17 H2-アンタゴニストが、胃酸分泌を低減させるためのH2アンタゴニストの最低治療用量の10~50%の量で存在する、態様16に記載の組成物。
態様18 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分をさらに含む、態様1~17のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様19 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が、単糖、二糖、オリゴ糖、多糖、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、脂肪酸、モノグリセリド、ジグリセリド、及びトリグリセリドからなる群から選ばれる、態様18に記載の組成物。
態様20 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が、ロペラミド、ジフェノキシレート、アトロピン、ジフェノキシン、抗コリン作用薬、抗うつ薬、オピオイド、止瀉薬、及び胃不全麻痺誘発薬からなる群から選ばれる、態様18に記載の組成物。
態様21 対象によって摂取されると、胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が対象の胃内容排出時間を延長する、態様18~20のいずれかに記載の組成物。
態様22 態様1~21のいずれかに記載の組成物を含む剤形。
態様23 剤形が食品バー又は飲料である、態様22に記載の剤形。
態様24 乱用されやすい薬物によって緩和される疾患の治療法であって、
それを必要とする対象に、態様1~21のいずれかに記載の組成物を投与することを含む方法。
態様25 さらに、胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物を投与することを含み、乱用抑止性医薬組成物は、胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物の前、胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物の後、又は胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物と同時に投与される、態様24に記載の方法。
態様26 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が、単糖、二糖、オリゴ糖、多糖、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、脂肪酸、モノグリセリド、ジグリセリド、及びトリグリセリドからなる群から選ばれる、態様25に記載の方法。
態様27 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が、ロペラミド、ジフェノキシレート、アトロピン、ジフェノキシン、抗コリン作用薬、抗うつ薬、オピオイド、止瀉薬、及び胃不全麻痺誘発薬からなる群から選ばれる、態様25に記載の方法。
態様28 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が剤形に含まれ、該剤形が食品バー又は飲料である、態様25~27のいずれかに記載の方法。
[00154]当業者であれば、特定の態様に示された本発明に対して、数多くの変形及び/又は修正が、広く記載された本発明の精神及び範囲から逸脱することなく可能であることは分かるであろう。さらに、上で引用された一つ一つの参考文献は、本明細書中で完全に示されているかのごとく引用によって本明細書に援用する。
Claims (17)
- 乱用抑止性医薬組成物であって、
乱用されやすい薬物と;
第一の酸可溶性成分と;
第一の緩衝成分と;
遅延放出緩衝成分と;そして
胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分と
を含み、
ここで、第一の酸可溶性成分は、マトリックスを形成して、乱用されやすい薬物を、遅延放出緩衝成分と胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分とから隔離しており、そして第一の酸可溶性成分が、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを含み、任意に、ブチルメタクリレート、及びメチルメタクリレートの一つ又は複数を一緒に含むカチオン性ポリマー又はコポリマーであり;遅延放出緩衝成分が、コア、コアを取り囲むシェル、及びコアとシェルの間のサブコートを構成し、コアは第二の緩衝成分を含み、シェルは腸溶成分を含み、サブコートは第二の酸可溶性成分を含み、そして第二の酸可溶性成分が、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを含み、任意に、ブチルメタクリレート、及びメチルメタクリレートの一つ又は複数を一緒に含むカチオン性ポリマー又はコポリマーを含み、胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が、単糖、二糖、オリゴ糖、多糖、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、脂肪酸、モノグリセリド、ジグリセリド、及びトリグリセリドからなる群から選ばれる、
組成物。 - 第一の緩衝成分が、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、酸化マグネシウム、三塩基性リン酸ナトリウム、又はそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 第二の緩衝成分が、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、酸化マグネシウム、三塩基性リン酸ナトリウム、又はそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 第二の緩衝成分が第一の緩衝成分と同じである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 腸溶成分が、セラック、メチルアクリレート-メタクリル酸コポリマー、酢酸フタル酸セルロース、酢酸コハク酸セルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースフタレート、酢酸コハク酸ヒプロメロース、ポリビニルアセテートフタレート、アルギン酸ナトリウム、及びゼインの一つ又は複数を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 胃酸生成を低減するための成分をさらに含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 胃酸生成を低減するための成分がH2-アンタゴニストを含む、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- H2-アンタゴニストが、胃酸分泌を低減させるためのH2アンタゴニストの最低治療用量の10~50%の量で存在する、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が、ロペラミド、ジフェノキシレート、アトロピン、ジフェノキシン、抗コリン作用薬、抗うつ薬、オピオイド、止瀉薬、及び胃不全麻痺誘発薬からなる群から選ばれる、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 対象によって摂取されると、胃内容排出時間を延長するための成分が対象の胃内容排出時間を延長する、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を含む製剤。
- 剤形が食品バー又は飲料である、請求項11に記載の製剤。
- 乱用されやすい薬物によって緩和される疾患を治療するために用いられる、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物と組み合わせて投与され、乱用抑止性医薬組成物は、胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物の前、胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物の後、又は胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物と同時に投与される、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物の活性成分が、単糖、二糖、オリゴ糖、多糖、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、脂肪酸、モノグリセリド、ジグリセリド、及びトリグリセリドからなる群から選ばれる、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物の活性成分が、ロペラミド、ジフェノキシレート、アトロピン、ジフェノキシン、抗コリン作用薬、抗うつ薬、オピオイド、止瀉薬、及び胃不全麻痺誘発薬からなる群から選ばれる、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 胃内容排出時間を延長するための組成物が製剤に含まれ、該製剤が食品バー又は飲料である、請求項14~16のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
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| US20210113542A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
| JP2023022176A (ja) | 2023-02-14 |
| US20230158008A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
| AU2021282479A1 (en) | 2022-01-06 |
| AU2018243657A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
| EP3600320A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
| WO2018183881A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
| JP2025108724A (ja) | 2025-07-23 |
| AU2021282479B2 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
| US11554114B2 (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| JP7674324B2 (ja) | 2025-05-09 |
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