JPH02106665A - Cogeneration system utilizing absorbing type heat pump cycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a thermal efficiency of a system and get hot water by a method wherein liquid absorbing agent separated by a separator of a regenerator of an absorbing type heat pump cycle is further heated by a boiler to make steam and guided to an expansion machine to drive the same. CONSTITUTION:Aqueous ammonia from an absorber 20 passes through a heat exchanger 5 by a pump 21, enters a boiler 1. The water is heated by a first heater 9 and guided to a separator 6. Hot water and ammonium gas are separated. The hot water is heated by a second heater 8 through a pump 11, it becomes water vapor, passes through a conduit 7, flows into a first expansion machine 2, and for example, rotates a generator 29. Discharged water vapor from the expansion machine 2 enters a high-stage condensor 3, its heat is released in a heat exchanger 13 of supplied hot water systems 40 and 41, condensed there and becomes hot water. The hot water passes through a conduit 15, enters the heat exchanger 5, flows from the conduit 18 into the second expansion machine 19 for high pressure water to recover a power and then flashes into an absorbing unit 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention utilizes an absorption-type heat bomb cycle that uses ammonia or the like as a heating medium and water or the like as a liquid absorbent to generate high-temperature energy. It relates to a co-generation system that can obtain electricity as well as water.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, there are various types of heat generation devices that utilize absorption heat pumps, and FIG. 4 shows an example of an ammonia absorption heat pump. In a regenerator 52 consisting of a boiler 50 and a separator 51, ammonia water is heated by a heat exchanger 53 of the boiler 50 and flows into a fraction IIi device 51, where it is separated into ammonia gas and water.

The ammonia gas is introduced into a condenser 55 through a conduit 54, and is heated by giving heat of condensation to a heat exchanger 58 communicating with a supply hot water system 56,57, thereby becoming an ammonia liquid.

The ammonia liquid passes through the supercooled rA59, is depressurized by the aperture mechanism 68, reaches the evaporation sphere 63, and evaporates there. that time,
Heat is absorbed from the heat exchanger 60 communicating with the low heat sources 61 and 62 to cool it. The ammonia gas flows into the absorber 65 via the supercooler 59. On the other hand, the water separated in the separator 51 passes through a heat exchanger 64 and is introduced into an absorber 65 by a pump 67, where it absorbs ammonia gas to become ammonia water, and is passed through the heat exchanger 64 by a pump 66 and again. It is introduced into the boiler 50.

In such an apparatus, since the condenser 55 has one stage, the temperature increase width is small and high temperature water cannot be obtained. Therefore, the evaporation temperature of the ammonia solution is high, and low-temperature water cannot be obtained.

Moreover, FIG. 5 is an example in which a compression type heat pump is combined with an absorption type heat pump. A heat medium (such as R114 or Florinol) compressed by a compressor 71 driven by a motor 70 is transferred to an absorption heat pump 8 through a conduit 72.
It is introduced into the evaporator 82 of No. 1, cooled, condensed and liquefied, and flows into the evaporator 75 through the conduit 73 and the expansion valve 74, where it absorbs heat from the heat exchanger 78 communicating with the f; A wastewater systems 76 and 77. Then, it is sucked into the screw compressor 71 again.

On the other hand, a portion of the wet wastewater flows through the conduit 79 into the regenerator 83 of the absorption heat bomb 81 and heats the lithium bromide solution. The water vapor evaporated here is liquefied in a condenser 84 and liquid pipe 8
The refrigerant cools the high-temperature refrigerant that flows into the evaporator 82 via the conduit 72 from the compression heat pump, and evaporates itself. This water vapor is absorbed by the concentrated solution introduced from the regenerator 83 through the concentrated solution pipe 87 in the absorber 86, becomes a dilute solution, and is introduced into the regenerator 83 again through the dilute solution pipe 88. The fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 89 in the absorber 86 is heated to a high temperature by the absorbed heat. 901. This is a cooling tower for the Ti condenser 84.

In the figure, the numerical values of the furniture are an example of implementation.

In such a combination device of a compression heat pump and an absorption heat pump, there are two types of heat medium systems (refrigerant systems), and therefore heat transfer is indirect, which is disadvantageous in terms of thermal efficiency. The equipment becomes complicated.

In addition, there are so-called absorption two-co-generators, which generate gas turbine power using city gas, pass the resulting gas through a waste gas boiler to create steam, and use this steam as a heat source for an absorption chiller for heating and cooling. ration systems are also conventionally known. However, since such a system is formed by two independent systems, there are problems with the complexity of the pump power and equipment, and in terms of efficiency, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of each independent system individually. was.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventional limb surgery has various problems as described above. The present invention aims to solve these problems.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) A co-generation system using an absorption heat pump cycle of the present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.

The first system absorption heat pump cycle regenerator with boiler II
The boiler is formed by a first heater that evaporates the heat medium by heating a solution consisting of a heat medium and its liquid absorbent, and a second heater that evaporates the liquid absorbent.

A separator is provided between the first heater and the second heater to separate the heating medium from the solution heated by the first heater and to flow the liquid absorbent to the second heater.

The second heater is connected to the high stage condenser through the first expander so that the vapor of the liquid absorbent evaporated in the second heater drives the first expander to generate power.

The liquid absorbent condensed by communicating the high-stage condenser with the absorber via the second expander and supplying heat to the supply hot water system in the high-stage condenser is driven by flowing into the second expander. to generate power.

The portion I11δ is communicated with a condenser at a lower level than the high stage condenser so that the heat transfer gas flows into the condenser, and the condenser is communicated with the evaporator side.

A heat exchanger 19i is provided in each of the stage condenser 19i and the lower condenser, and these heat exchangers are connected in series or in parallel to the hot water supply system.

Second system In the first system, the lower condenser is connected to the evaporator via the fourth expander, and the heat transfer liquid condensed by supplying heat to the supply hot water system in the lower condenser is transferred to the fourth expander. After 1 itu I M is allowed to flow in and driven to generate power, it is allowed to flow into the evaporator.

The heat transfer gas evaporated by absorbing heat from a low heat source in the evaporator is introduced into the absorber.

Allow the absorber solution to be introduced into the regenerator.

Third system In the first system, a lower condenser is used as an intermediate condenser, a lower stage condenser is further provided at a lower level than the intermediate condenser, and the intermediate condenser is replaced with a third condenser.
The heat medium liquid, which was condensed by communicating with the low-stage condenser through the expansion F& and supplying heat to the supply hot water system in the intermediate condenser, flowed into the third expander and was driven to generate power. After that, it is allowed to flow into the low stage condenser.

1st swelling rfxla! A heat medium gas compressor driven by the compressor is provided, the suction side of the compressor is connected to the absorber, the discharge side is connected to the low stage condenser, and the low stage condenser is connected to the evaporator via a fourth expansion machine. It will be communicated to.

The heating medium gas taken in from the absorber is compressed and introduced into the low-stage condenser to supply heat to the supply hot water system, and the condensed heating medium liquid flows into the fourth expansion In and is driven to generate power. After that, let it flow into the evaporator.

The heat transfer gas evaporated by absorbing heat from a low heat source in the evaporator is introduced into the absorber.

Allow the absorber solution to be introduced into the regenerator.

Fourth System In the second system, the lower condenser is used as the lower stage condenser, and an intermediate condenser is provided between the higher stage condenser and the lower stage condenser.

a heating medium gas compressor driven by the first expander;
The suction side of the compressor is connected to an absorber, and the discharge side is connected to an intermediate condenser.

The intermediate condenser communicates with the lower stage condenser through a third expander.

The heating medium gas taken in from the absorber is compressed and introduced into the intermediate condenser to supply heat to the supply hot water system, and the condensed heating medium liquid flows into the third expander and is driven to generate power. After that, it is allowed to flow into the low stage condenser.

The heat transfer gas evaporated by absorbing heat from a low heat source in the evaporator is introduced into the absorber.

Allow the absorber solution to be introduced into the regenerator.

Note that the expansion IS machine used in the first to fourth systems may be of a two-phase flow screw type.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the liquid absorbent is a liquid that absorbs a heat medium, and when ammonia is the heat medium, the liquid absorbent is water.

(For fishing) The liquid absorbent separated by the separator of the regenerator of the absorption heat pump cycle is further heated in a boiler to form steam, which is led to and driven by an expansion machine to generate power. Since the heat of the fluid discharged from the tank is utilized by providing a high-stage condenser, the thermal efficiency of the system is improved and high-temperature water can be obtained.

Further, after the compressor driven by the expansion machine sucks and compresses the heat transfer gas from the absorber of the absorption heat pump cycle, the gas is guided to a condenser provided separately from the high-stage condenser. By utilizing the retained heat, a further improvement in the thermal efficiency of the system is achieved and hot water at a much higher temperature is obtained. Furthermore, since water at a low temperature is obtained on the evaporator side, both the heating and cooling objectives are achieved simultaneously.

(Example) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The ammonia water solution from absorption 520 is pumped to pump 21
It enters the boiler 1 through the heat exchanger 5, is heated by the first heating 49, and is introduced into the minute 111ff unit 6. Here, hot water and ammonia gas are separated, and the hot water is pumped 11
The water is heated by the second heater 8 and becomes water vapor, which flows into the first inflatable rock 2 through the conduit 7 and rotates a suitable driving body, such as a generator 29.

The first +mlH3!2 uses a screw type or a two-phase flow screw type or centrifugal type. The steam discharged from the #clothing machine 2 is introduced into the high stage condenser 3 and supplied to the hot water supply system 40.
．． Heat is radiated and condensed in the heat exchanger 13 of 41 to become high-temperature water. The high temperature water is introduced into the heat exchanger 15 via the conduit 15;
The water then flows from the conduit 18 into a second expansion eye 119 of a screw-type two-phase flow for high-pressure water, recovers power, and is flushed to the absorber 20.

On the other hand, the ammonia gas generated in the separator 6 is introduced into the lower condenser through the conduit 12, radiates heat in the heat exchanger 14 of the supply hot water system 40, 41, and is condensed to become an ammonia liquid. This ammonia liquid flows through the conduit 23 into the fourth expansion R24 of the screw-type two-phase flow from which the high-pressure ammonia liquid is discharged, recovers power, and is flushed to the evaporator 27. The ammonia liquid in the evaporator 27 absorbs heat from the heat exchanger 28 of the low heat source 16, 17 and evaporates, and the ammonia gas flows through the communication pipe 26.
It flows into the absorber 20 through the.

The absorber 20 is flush-circulated by a pump 22.

The boiler 1 and the boiler 6 have a function as a regenerator 38. Further, the boiler 1 may be a fuel boiler or an exhaust gas boiler.

The above-mentioned hot water supply systems 40 and 41 are arranged in a series type and a parallel type, respectively, as shown in the figure, and the heat exchangers 13 and 14 are connected to separate hot water supply systems, respectively, and hot water of different temperatures is connected to the hot water supply systems 40 and 41. Of course you can.

A second embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the case of Fig. 1, it is 5 yen, and the first expansion 11H12 compresses the heat medium gas for pumping to the heater 1 through three drive shafts.
absorber 2 to increase the thermal efficiency of the entire system.
0, ammonia gas is drawn into the compressor 30 as a heat medium through the suction pipe 31 to form a high-temperature compressed gas, and this is passed through the conduit 3.
2 and is introduced into the low stage condenser 4.

Then, the ammonia gas in the separator 6 is introduced into the intermediate condenser 33 via the conduit 12, radiates heat in the heat exchanger 1534 of the supply hot water system 40.degree. 41, and is condensed to become an ammonia liquid. This ammonia liquid flows through the conduit 35 into the third expansion fi 36 of the screw-type two-phase flow of the high-pressure ammonia liquid phase, recovers power, and is introduced into the low stage condenser 4 through the conduit 37.

In the low stage condenser 4, the ammonia gas is cooled by the heat exchanger 14 of the supply wet water system 40, 41, and the gas is condensed to become an ammonia liquid. This ammonia liquid passes through the conduit 23 to the fourth expansion 11112 of the screw type two-phase flow.
4 to perform power recovery, and then flushed to the evaporator 27.

Supply hot water system 40. /11 can be of the series type as shown or of the parallel type, with the heat exchangers 13, 34 and 14 each connected to a separate hot water supply system.

The other configurations and functions are the same as those in FIG. 1.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As in the case of FIG. 2, the heat medium gas pressure 1i1i 30 for the heat pump is linked by the first expansion V&2, and ammonia gas is introduced from the absorber 2o through the suction pipe 31 in order to increase the thermal efficiency of the entire system. The ammonia gas is sucked into the compressor 30 and becomes a high-temperature compressed gas, but unlike the case shown in FIG. 2, this ammonia gas is introduced into the intermediate condenser 33,
6 of ammonia gas is introduced into the low stage condenser 4 via a conduit 12.

In Figures 2 and 3, if the hot water supply systems 40 and 41 are arranged in parallel in a3, a low temperature can be obtained in the evaporator 27, and at the same time, the heat exchange systems 413, 34 and 14 can be used for three different systems: high, medium, and low. Temperature hot water is obtained.

In addition, those using ammonia as a heating medium have the effect of preventing corrosion of the first and second heating pipes of the boiler.

(Effect of Bimei) In the system of claim engineer i''J1, the liquid absorbent separated in the separator of the regenerator of the absorption type heat bomb recycler is further heated in the second heater of the boiler and becomes steam. Using the steam, the first tank 11i is driven to generate power, and the fluid discharged from the first tank is introduced into the high stage condenser, where the fluid retained is Since heat is used to heat the supply hot water system, the system has a higher thermal efficiency than the prior art and can also supply high temperature water.

In addition, heat is given directly to the hot water system fluid supplied to the high-stage condenser and the lower condenser from the heat medium and liquid absorbent of the absorption type heat l~bomb cycle, so it is conventional in terms of heat conduction. Better than technology.

In the system of the second aspect, in addition to the above-mentioned effects of the system of the first aspect, since the fourth expansion filter is driven, more power can be extracted, and the thermal efficiency of the system is improved.

In the systems according to claims 3 and 4, the above-mentioned effects in the system according to claim 1 are achieved, but the heat transfer gas compressor driven by the first expansion is sucked from the absorber. After the heating medium gas is compressed, it is introduced into the intermediate condenser or the low stage condenser and the heat contained in the gas is used to heat the supply hot water system, so that the system has higher thermal efficiency than the system of claim 1. becomes high, and -
It can also supply hot water at extremely high temperatures.

Furthermore, in the system of claim 3, since the gas from the compressed heating medium gas is introduced into the intermediate condenser, the steam conditions of the boiler may be medium pressure and medium temperature. On the other hand, in the system of claim 4, the gas from the heat medium gas compressor is introduced into the low stage condenser, so it is suitable when the steam conditions of the boiler are high pressure and high temperature.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since low-temperature cold water can be obtained on the evaporator side, the purposes of heating and cooling can be achieved at the same time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are flow sheet diagrams of different embodiments of the co-generation system using the absorption heat pump cycle of the present invention, and FIG. 4 and 5 are flow sheet diagrams of the prior art. 1. Boiler, 2. First expansion hall, 3. High stage condenser,
4...Low stage condenser, 6...Separator, 8...Second heater,
9..First heater, 13.14..Heat exchanger, 16.1
7. Low heat source, 1. Second expander, 20. For absorption.
24... Fourth expansion rock, 27... Evaporator, 30... Heat medium gas compressor, 33... Intermediate condenser, 34... Heat exchanger, 3
6. Third expander, 38. Regenerator, 40, 41. Supply hot water system.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) The regenerator of the absorption heat pump cycle is formed by a boiler and a separator, and the boiler has a first heater that heats a solution consisting of a heat medium and its liquid absorbent to evaporate the heat medium, and a liquid absorbent. a second heater for evaporating the liquid, and a first heater and a second heater for separating the heating medium from the solution heated by the first heater and flowing the liquid absorbent to the second heater. A separator is provided between the second heater and the first heater.
The expander is connected to the high-stage condenser so that the vapor of the liquid absorbent evaporated in the second heater drives the first expander to generate power, and the high-stage condenser is connected to the second expander. The liquid absorbent condensed by communicating with the absorber through the high-stage condenser and supplying heat to the supply hot water system flows into the second expander and drives it, while the separation The condenser is connected to a condenser located lower than the high stage condenser so that the heat transfer gas flows into the condenser, and the condenser is connected to the evaporator side, and the condenser is connected to the high stage condenser and the lower stage condenser. A co-generation system using an absorption heat pump cycle, characterized in that each of the condensers is provided with a heat exchanger, and these heat exchangers are connected in series or parallel to a supply hot water system. (2) In the co-generation system according to claim 1, the heat condensed by communicating the lower condenser with the evaporator via the fourth expander and supplying heat to the supply hot water system in the lower condenser. After the medium liquid flows into the fourth expander and is driven to generate power, it flows into the evaporator, and the evaporated heat medium gas is introduced into the absorber by absorbing heat from a low heat source in the evaporator. A co-generation system using an absorption heat pump cycle in which the solution from the absorber is introduced into the regenerator. (3) In the co-generation system according to claim 1, the lower condenser is used as an intermediate condenser, a lower stage condenser is further provided at a lower level than the intermediate condenser, and the intermediate condenser is connected to a third expansion machine. After communicating with the low-stage condenser through the intermediate condenser and supplying heat to the supply hot water system, the condensed heat medium liquid flows into the third expander and drives it to generate power. A heating medium gas compressor driven by the first expander is provided, the suction side of the compressor is connected to the absorber, the discharge side is connected to the lower stage condenser, and the compressor is connected to the lower stage condenser. The condenser is communicated with the evaporator through the fourth expander, and the heat transfer gas sucked from the absorber is compressed and introduced into the low stage condenser to supply heat to the supply hot water system, thereby producing condensed heat. After the medium liquid flows into the fourth expander and is driven to generate power, it flows into the evaporator, and the evaporated heat medium gas is introduced into the absorber by absorbing heat from a low heat source in the evaporator. A co-generation system using an absorption heat pump cycle in which the solution from the absorber is introduced into the regenerator. (4) In the co-generation system according to claim 2, the lower condenser is used as the lower stage condenser, an intermediate condenser is provided between the higher stage condenser and the lower stage condenser, and the first expansion machine A heat medium gas compressor is provided, the suction side of the compressor is connected to an absorber, and the discharge side is connected to an intermediate condenser, and the intermediate condenser is connected to a low stage condenser via a third expander. The heating medium gas sucked from the absorber is compressed and introduced into the intermediate condenser, which supplies heat to the supply hot water system, thereby causing the condensed heating medium liquid to flow into the third expander and drive it. After generating power by this, it is made to flow into the low stage condenser,
A co-generation system that uses an absorption heat pump cycle in which heat transfer gas is evaporated by absorbing heat from a low heat source in the evaporator and introduced into the absorber, and the solution from the absorber is introduced into the regenerator. (5) A co-generation system using an absorption heat pump cycle, wherein the expander according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is a two-phase flow screw expander.