JPH05146882A - Overlaying method and device and overlay material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In overlay welding using friction welding, the complicated and troublesome work such as setting of overlay material is reduced to continuously overlay over a long distance or a large area. .. [Structure] The overlay device 1 is placed on the work table 3
An apparatus for forming a build-up layer 7 on a surface of a fixed base material 5 by using friction welding, which is an inner frame 17 rotatably supported in a main body frame 13 via a plurality of bearings 15.
And a rotating gear 19 engraved on the upper part of the inner frame 17.
And the rotation gear 19 of the inner frame 17 fixed to the body frame 13.
A rotary motor 23 that applies a rotational force to a gear 21 that meshes with
And a pair of rotating roll sets 25, 27 rotatably supported in the inner frame 17, and feed motors 31, 33 for driving the rotating roll sets 25, 27. Is rotated and fed downward by the rotating roll sets 25 and 27, so that the pressing force after the start of overlaying is maintained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a build-up method and apparatus for forming a build-up layer on the surface of a substrate by friction welding and a build-up material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a surface modification method for imparting heat resistance and abrasion resistance to a surface of a base material or for making a magnetic property in a good state, a linear shape or a shape protruding from a chuck member by a predetermined length is used. The rod-shaped build-up material is pressed against the base material while rotating or vibrating, and the build-up material is slid relative to the surface of the base material in the pressed state, whereby the build-up material softened by friction heat. There is known a build-up method for forming a build-up layer on the surface of a substrate.

[0003]

However, since the build-up material is pressed against the surface of the base material, there is a problem of bending or buckling of the build-up material, and the amount of protrusion from the chuck member cannot be increased. .. For this reason, the length and area that can perform the overlaying at one time are limited, and when overlaying over a large area, re-chucking of the overlay material and realignment with the base material are performed. I had to do work such as repairing many times. As a result, there is a problem that the work is complicated and troublesome, and that it takes a lot of time because of interruptions many times.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a surfacing method and a surfacing device capable of continuously surfacing over a long distance or a large area without requiring such complicated and troublesome work, and The invention has also been completed with the aim of providing a build-up material that is particularly suitable for use in the method and apparatus.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the overlaying method of the present invention is based on the fact that the linear or rod-shaped overlaying material protruding from the guide member by a predetermined length is rotated or vibrated. The build-up layer is formed on the surface of the base material with the build-up material softened by friction heat by pressing the build-up material against the material and sliding the build-up material relative to the surface of the base material in the pressed state. In the surfacing method, the surfacing material is passed through a guide member and sent to the substrate side to perform the rotation or vibration and sliding while maintaining the pressed state after the start of the surfacing.

According to this method, the protruding length of the build-up material does not become shorter as the build-up progresses, and the build-up can be continued while always maintaining a certain length protruding from the guide member. Overlaying can be continuously applied over a long distance or a wide range. In order to realize this build-up method, for example, pressing means for pressing a linear or rod-shaped build-up material protruding by a predetermined amount against the surface of the base material, and operating means for rotating or vibrating the build-up material together with the pressing means. And sliding means for sliding the build-up material pressed against the base material surface in a rotating or vibrating state by the operating means and the pressing means relative to the base material surface. In a build-up device for forming a build-up layer on the surface of a substrate with a softened build-up material, the guide means abutting against the surface of the build-up material and the pressing means rotate or vibrate integrally with It is preferable to use a build-up device characterized by comprising a delivery means for delivering the material in the direction of the substrate through the guide means.

According to this overlay apparatus, the delivery means is configured to rotate or vibrate integrally with the pressing means, so that the overlay material can be delivered while the operation of the operation means is continued. Therefore, after the build-up process, the delivery means can press the build-up material against the surface of the base material while maintaining a predetermined protruding length, and continuously build-up the build-up material over a long distance or a wide range. You can continue.

More specifically, the guide means is a rotating body that is rotatably attached to the pressing means and abuts against the surface of the overlay material in a pressed state, and the guide means itself is in the delivery direction. It can be configured simply by rotating so as to also serve as the delivery means, and further, this rotating body is provided with an engaging member for engaging with the surface of the overlay material on its surface. You can By using the rotating body provided with the engaging member on the surface, the surface of the overlay material can be accurately grasped, and the overlay material can be reliably sent out toward the substrate without slipping due to the rotation of itself. In addition, these rotating bodies may be a rotating roll that intersects the longitudinal direction of the overlay material and sandwiches the overlay material from two or more directions.

In carrying out the overlaying by such a overlaying device, in a device using a rotating body having an engaging member on its surface as a delivery means, even if an ordinary round bar is used as the overlaying material, it can slide. Can be sent out without. However, in a device provided with a rotating body that does not include such an engaging member, when the operating means is a means for rotating the overlay material, it becomes difficult for the rotating body to capture the surface of the round bar, and it can be smoothly fed out. It is possible that there is no such situation.

Therefore, it is preferable to use a build-up material having a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, a shape obtained by cutting a part of a circular shape, or a cross-sectional shape other than a circular shape such as a star shape. In addition, in a build-up material having a shape in which a part of a circle is cut out, it is desirable to use it by pressing all or part of the rotating body on the bottom of the cutout. Further, it is also possible to use a build-up material in which a groove is formed in the longitudinal direction including a shape obtained by cutting out a part of the circle, a star shape, and the like.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings in order to further clarify the present invention. Example overlaying apparatus 1
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the overlay layer 7 is applied to the surface of the base material 5 placed and fixed on the work table 3 by using friction welding.
And a body frame 13 having an insertion hole 11 into which the rod-shaped build-up material 9 is inserted from above, and is rotatably supported in the body frame 13 via a plurality of bearings 15. The inner frame 17, the rotation gear 19 engraved on the upper part of the inner frame 17, and the main frame 13 are fixed to the inner frame 1.
The rotary motor 23 that applies a rotational force to the gear 21 that meshes with the rotary gear 19 of FIG. 7, two pairs of rotary rolls 25 and 27 that are rotatably supported in the inner frame 17, and the rotary roll groups 25 and 27. The drive motors 31 and 33 for driving are provided.

The build-up material 9 used has a square cross section, and the rotary roll sets 25 and 27 are displaced by 90 degrees so as to sandwich the two facing faces. Has become. In addition, the rotating roll set 25, 2
7 is configured to be pressed against the surface of the overlay material 9 by hydraulic mechanisms 35 and 37 that adjust the axial distances between the rolls facing each other. In this case, the hydraulic mechanism 35,
For each adjustment position by 37, each rotating roll set 25, 27
The setting positions of the motors 31 and 33 are also shifted so that the gears of the motors 31 and 33 mesh with each other.

On the other hand, the main body frame 13 includes the work table 3
Ball screw mechanism 3 so that the height of
It is supported by the frame 41 via 9. In addition, the work table 3 is configured to be movable in the horizontal plane by the XY drive mechanism 43.

In this build-up device 1, a long rod-shaped build-up material 9 is inserted from the insertion hole 11 of the main body frame 13 into a rotating roll assembly 2
5 and 27 are inserted to protrude from the lower opening 45 of the main body frame 13 by a predetermined amount, and the ball screw mechanism 39
Is driven to press the lower end of the build-up material 9 against the surface of the base material 5 with a predetermined pressure.

In this state, this time the rotary motor 23
Is driven to rotate the built-up material 9 sandwiched between the rotating roll sets 25 and 27 together with the inner frame 17 at high speed. Then, the surfaces of the overlay material 9 and the base material 5 are in a softened state by the heat generated by friction. After that, the work table 3 is moved and the feed motors 31 and 33 are continuously driven at a predetermined speed so that the build-up material 9 is rotated at a high speed without lowering the main body frame 13. Can be pressed against the surface.

As a result, from the relationship between the pressing force against the surface of the base material 5 and the thickness of the overlay material 9, the length h initially shown (where h is the diameter of the overlay material) in consideration of buckling and the like. Of 3
The build-up material 9 was only protruded up to 4 times or less), but the build-up layer 7 is continuously formed on the surface of the base material 5 over a long distance or a wide range by the subsequent feeding. You can

As shown in FIG. 3, a square rod 9 made of stainless steel (SUS304) and having a square section of 20 mm square was mounted on the overlay device 1, and the plate thickness was 32 mm under the conditions shown in Table 1 below. A built-up layer was formed on a straight line on a mild steel (SS41) substrate. The feed rate in the table is of a nature that can be determined by calculation or by experiment as a rate at which the initial pressing force can be continuously maintained in relation to the moving speed and the like.

[0018]

[Table 1]

On the other hand, as a conventional build-up method corresponding to this embodiment, the build-up material feeding function as in the embodiment is not provided, and the build-up material can be simply protruded by a predetermined length for chucking. A chuck member, a main body that rotatably supports the chuck member, and an up-and-down moving member that vertically moves the main body together with the chuck member are used. The build-up was performed in the same manner as in the example while maintaining the pressing force of 10 kgf / mm ² in Table 1 above by driving the vertical moving member while rotating the build material. The protruding length of the overlay material was set to 60 mm, which can be maximized in view of the pressing force of 10 kgf / mm ² and the cross-sectional dimension.

Table 2 shows a comparison between the results of both overlaying. In addition,
W, H, and L in the table are the width, height, and length of the overlay layer 7 formed on the surface of the base material 5, as shown in FIG.

[0021]

[Table 2]

As can be seen from Table 2, in the example, the length L could be set to 600 mm or more. Although the experiment was stopped here, it goes without saying that the build-up layer could be formed longer than 600 mm by the method of the example. On the other hand, in the conventional example, it was not possible to form a built-up layer having a length L of 150 mm or more.

Next, the second embodiment will be described. Second
As shown in FIG. 5, the overlay device 101 of the embodiment has an inner frame 11
A bearing 7 is disposed so as to be able to horizontally vibrate in the body frame 113, and is configured to be horizontally vibrable via a vibration motor 123 and a crank mechanism 119 fixed to the body frame 113. Since the feed motor and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, detailed description will be omitted.

In this build-up device 101, as in the first embodiment, a long rod-shaped build-up material 9 having a square cross section is inserted between the rotary roll sets 25 and 27 so as to project a predetermined amount, and a ball is formed. The screw mechanism 39 is driven to press it against the surface of the substrate 5 with a predetermined pressure, and the vibration motor 123 is driven to generate vibration to generate frictional heat.
By moving the work table 3 and further continuously driving the feed motors 31 and 33 at a predetermined speed, the build-up material 9 is continuously pressed against the surface of the base material 5 in a vibrating state without lowering the main body frame 113. be able to.

Using this apparatus, as in the case of the first embodiment, a square bar of stainless steel (SUS304) having a square section of 20 mm square was used, and a plate thickness of 32 mm was obtained under the conditions shown in Table 3 below. A built-up layer was formed on a straight line on a base material of mild steel (SS41).

[0026]

[Table 3]

On the other hand, as a conventional surfacing method corresponding to the second embodiment, a chuck member for simply chucking the surfacing material is provided without providing the feeding function as in the embodiment, and is vibrated instead of rotating. Using a vibration-type friction overlay device equipped with a mechanism, the pressing force of Table 1 above was 10 kgf /
Overlaying was carried out in the same manner as in the example while keeping mm ² . Even in this case, the protruding length of the overlay material when chucking is:
The pressing force was set to 60 mm, which can be maximized from the relationship of 10 kgf / mm ² and the cross-sectional dimension.

Table 4 shows the results of comparing the results of both overlaying.
In addition, W, H, and L in the table are the width, height, and length of the overlay layer 7 formed on the surface of the base material 5, as shown in FIG.

[0029]

[Table 4]

As can be seen from Table 4, in the second embodiment, the build-up layer could be continuously formed over a very wide range of the length L = 600 mm or more. Next, the build-up material having various cross-sectional shapes is mounted on the build-up device 1 of the first embodiment, and the rotary roll sets 25 and 2 are set in accordance with the cross-sectional shapes.
The state of the build-up layer when the shape and arrangement of No. 7 were variously changed was observed, and the optimum shape of the build-up material and the shape of the rotating roll set when the method of this example was used were examined.

FIG. 6 shows the cross-sectional shape of the overlay material to be studied, the shape of the rotating roll set used, and the positional relationship. Reference numerals R1 to R7 are rotary rolls, respectively, and R1
Is a simple cylindrical roll, R2 is a stepped roll having a large diameter portion in the center, R3 is a stepped roll having an abacus ball-shaped protrusion in the center, and R4 is formed with engaging claws around the circumference of the cylinder. A roll R5 is a stepped roll having an engaging claw formed in a large diameter portion in the center. In addition, No. No. 2 has only one pair of rolls, and No. 4 is another pair in exactly the same state as shown,
That is, although there are 4 pairs of roll pairs, that is, 2 pairs of upper and lower pairs, the other pairs are 2 pairs as illustrated. In addition, each of the circular or circular cross-sections having a notch has an outer diameter of 20 m.
m, and the square cross section has one side of 17 mm.
In addition, the material of all the overlay materials is stainless steel (SUS
304).

Using these, a surfacing device of the type that generates frictional heat by rotary pressure welding described in the first embodiment is used, and mild steel with a plate thickness of 32 mm (SS41) under the conditions shown in Table 5 below.
A build-up layer was formed on the base material in a straight line.

[0033]

[Table 5]

The maximum width W of the finished overlay 7
The max and the minimum width Wmin were measured, and the shake amount evaluation value maxΔW, which is the maximum value of the difference between the two, was determined by the following formula 1. The smaller the shake amount evaluation value maxΔW, the better.

[0035]

[Equation 1]

Shake amount evaluation value maxΔW for each cross-sectional shape
Is shown in Table 6.

[0037]

[Table 6]

No. 2 to No. As can be seen from the result of No. 4, the larger the number of rotating roll pairs, the more the shake amount evaluation value
The value of W becomes smaller. In addition, No. 1, No. From the results of No. 3, it was found that the cross-sectional shape is preferably square rather than circular. Furthermore, No. 7, No. From the result of 8,
It has been found that it is better to provide engaging pawls on the surface of the rotating roll. In addition, No. 5 to No. As shown in FIG. 8, when the cross section has a groove in the longitudinal direction, slipping can be prevented by engaging this groove with the rotating roll, and good results can be obtained.

From these results, it is found that the occurrence of the amount of runout is caused by the slippage between the overlay material and the rotating roll, and in particular, the slippage becomes large when the sectional shape is circular. It was From the above results, it was found that it is desirable that the build-up material used in the apparatus of the embodiment has a cross-sectional shape other than circular and that the rotary roll also has an engaging claw.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the invention. Absent. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the overlay material is shown in FIG. 11-No. As shown as 14,
Other cross-sectional shapes such as a triangle and an ellipse are also preferable as cross-sectional shapes for preventing slippage with the rotating roll when frictional heat is generated by rotation. Further, in combination with an elliptical shape, a rotating roller R10 having a hollow at the center is also preferable.

Further, the overlaying apparatus of the embodiment is an example in carrying out the method of the present invention, and the linear or rod-shaped overlaying material protruding by a predetermined length from the guide member is rotated or vibrated to form a base material. The build-up layer is formed on the surface of the base material with the build-up material softened by friction heat by pressing the build-up material against the material and sliding the build-up material relative to the surface of the base material in the pressed state. In the overlay method, the overlay or rotation and vibration and sliding can be performed while maintaining a pressing state after the overlay is started by sending the overlay material through a guide member to the substrate side. Needless to say, the method of the present invention is not limited to the method of the present invention, as long as it is an apparatus, and the method is carried out by a build-up apparatus having a form other than that shown in the examples.

[0042]

As described above, according to the overlaying method of the present invention, overlaying can be continuously performed over a long distance and a wide area without requiring complicated and troublesome work. .. Further, according to the surfacing device of the present invention, the surfacing material can be pressed against the surface of the base material while maintaining a predetermined protruding length, and the surfacing can be continuously continued over a wide range. Specifically, the build-up method of the present invention can be carried out. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the build-up material that is rotating or vibrating can be reliably delivered, and in particular, the engaging member is provided. If a rotating body is used, slippage during feeding can be prevented and a particularly stable feeding operation can be performed.

Further, according to the build-up material of claim 6 or 7, when the operating means is a means for rotating the build-up material, slippage is prevented from occurring and a stable feeding operation is realized. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a build-up device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the overlay device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing how a build-up material is fed out in the build-up device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of build-up according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the overlay device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the cross-sectional shape of the overlay material and the state of sandwiching the rotary roll, the suitability of which was examined in the overlay device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view illustrating another cross-sectional shape suitable as a build-up material and a state of sandwiching a rotary roll.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 101 ... overlay builder, 3 ... work table,
5 ... Substrate, 7 ... Overlay layer, 9 ... Overlay material, 1
1 ... insertion hole, 13, 113 ... body frame, 15 ...
・ Bearing, 17, 117 ... Inner frame, 19 ... Rotating gear, 21 ... Gear, 23 ... Rotating motor, 2
5, 27 ... Rotating roll set, 31, 33 ... Feed motor, 35, 37 ... Hydraulic mechanism, 39 ... Ball screw mechanism, 41 ... Frame, 43 ... XY drive mechanism, 45 ... Lower opening, 119 ... Crank mechanism, 123 ... Vibration motor, R1 to R5, R10 ...
-Rotating roll.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A linear or rod-shaped build-up material protruding from a guide member by a predetermined length is pressed against a base material while being rotated or vibrated, and the meat is relatively pressed against the surface of the base material in the pressed state. In a build-up method of forming a build-up layer on the surface of a base material with a build-up material softened by friction heat by sliding the build-up material, the build-up material is sent out to a base material side through a guide member. Thus, the above-mentioned rotation or vibration and sliding are performed while maintaining the pressed state after the start of the overlaying. 2. A pressing means for pressing a linear or rod-shaped build-up material protruding by a predetermined amount against the surface of a base material, an operating means for rotating or vibrating the build-up material together with the pressing means, and the operating means and the pressing. A build-up material that is softened by frictional heat, and a sliding means that relatively slides the build-up material pressed against the surface of the base material in a rotating or vibrating state by the means. In a build-up device for forming a build-up layer on the surface of a base material, the guide means abutting on the surface of the build-up material and the pressing means rotate or vibrate integrally and pass the build-up material through the guide means. And a feeding means for feeding the material toward the base material. 3. The guide means is a rotating body that is rotatably attached to the pressing means and is brought into contact with the surface of the overlay material in a pressed state, by itself rotating in the feeding direction. The overlay device according to claim 2, which also serves as the delivery means. 4. The overlaying apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the rotating body is provided with an engaging member that engages with the surface of the overlaying material on the surface thereof. 5. The rotating roll that intersects with the longitudinal direction of the overlay material and is a rotating roll that sandwiches the overlay material from two or more directions.
The build-up device described in. 6. A linear or rod-shaped build-up material for friction welding, wherein a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, a partially cutout shape of a circle, or a cross-sectional shape other than a circular shape such as a star shape is used. Characteristic overlay material. 7. A linear or rod-shaped overlay material for friction welding, wherein a groove is formed in the longitudinal direction, which is a overlay material.