JPH0569946B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention is suitable for use in construction of new buildings, renovation of existing buildings, repair work, replacement of equipment, etc., and other high-altitude work in both small and large spaces. The present invention relates to a temporary scaffold that can be used for construction, and more particularly to a multi-dimensional movable scaffold that allows the scaffold to move in two or three dimensions in the inter-beam direction, column direction, and height direction to facilitate work at heights.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, as shown in Fig. 22, scaffolding for work at high places used for constructing or renovating steel-framed factory buildings, etc., has been constructed using single pipes, etc., that are tightened with rivets after the steel frame has been erected. Scaffold A was used in Building A by hanging it from the ceiling.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 23, a movable traveling scaffold b was assembled and used along the inside and outside of the side wall of the building A.

Furthermore, particularly recently, mobile aerial work vehicles c as shown in FIG. 24 have come into widespread use.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the stud scaffolding a shown in FIG. 22 above is assembled manually by skilled workers working at heights.
Since it has to be assembled on the entire surface of Building A, it takes a lot of time and money to assemble and dismantle it. Of course, there were other problems, such as the need to secure skilled workers, the undeniable dangers of working at heights, and the considerable amount of time and cost required for safety measures.

The traveling scaffold b in Fig. 23 above has a short span, but the traveling drive unit and H
Since many heavy objects are used, such as steel frames, large cranes and the like are required for assembling and dismantling these, which is correspondingly expensive. In addition, since the height of the scaffolding cannot be adjusted, for example, if the beam is particularly large, a higher scaffolding is required above the stage, making it inconvenient to use.

In the case of the elevated work cart c shown in Fig. 24 above, the upper part fastening work performed while riding on the work cage is combined with the earthwork work on the floor (lower part), the foundation work for the factory machine stand, and other lower part work. Because of this, the work procedures were poor and the construction period took a long time. Also. There was a problem with the operation and operation of the high-altitude work trolley c, in that it could not be used without sufficient training.

Means for Solving the Problem (First Invention) As a means for solving the above conventional problems, a multidimensional movable scaffold for building construction according to the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 21 as examples. As shown in (a) First, at least the left and right 2
The lower ends of two sets of pillars 1, 1 each were erected on a traveling trolley 2.

(b) The two pillars 1, 1 on the left and right sides were connected to the beams 4 and girders 5 in the inter-beam direction and the girder direction to form the main frame of the mobile scaffold.

(c) Traveling in which a rack 7 and a guide rail 8 are installed in the vertical direction along the support 1 or a special support 1' replacing it, and the pinion 9 meshes with the rack 7 and travels along the guide rail 8. ring 1
0, 11 and a lifting device 14 equipped with a position fixing device 12 during work, and a lifting platform 15 was constructed on the pair of left and right lifting devices 14.

(d) A work stage 26 was installed on the lifting table 15, thereby constructing a two-dimensionally movable type.

(Function) This two-dimensional movable scaffold can be constructed by running the traveling trolley 2 at the lower end of the pillar 1 on the floor 3 of the building A (including not only the first floor but also the upper floors). can be moved to the full width of the floor surface 3, and any desired working position can be determined. Therefore, it is suitable for construction or repair of small space and large space buildings.

In addition, by moving the lifting device 14 up and down, the height of the horizontal lifting platform 15 and, by extension, the height position of the work stage 26 can be adjusted to an appropriate position for high-altitude work, and the position fixing device 12 allows the height of the work stage 26 to be adjusted to an appropriate position for high-altitude work. The height can be determined and fixed. That is, such two-dimensional movement allows work at heights to be performed freely.

(Second invention) As a means for solving the above problem, a multidimensional moving scaffold for building construction according to the present invention is provided, as examples of which are shown in FIGS. 1 to 21 ( b) First, at least 2 buildings on the left and right sides were built in building A.
The lower ends of two sets of pillars 1, 1 each were erected on a traveling trolley 2.

(b) The two pillars 1, 1 on the left and right sides were connected to the beams 4 and girders 5 in the inter-beam direction and the girder direction to form the main frame of the mobile scaffold.

(c) A rack 7 and a guide rail 8 are installed vertically along the support 1 or a special support 1' replacing it, and a pinion 9 meshing with the rack 7 and a running wheel run along the guide rail 8. 1
0, 11 and a lifting device 14 equipped with a position fixing device 12 during work, and a lifting platform 15 was constructed on the pair of left and right lifting devices 14.

(d) Then, the movable stage 1 is placed on the elevating table 15.
6 was installed so that it could move freely in the direction between the beams, and was constructed as a three-dimensional moving type.

(Function) This three-dimensional movable scaffolding is constructed by running the traveling trolley 2 at the lower end of the pillar 1 on the floor 3 of the building A (including not only the first floor but also the upper floors). The entire structure can be moved in the direction of the building to determine any desired working position.

Furthermore, by moving the lifting device 14 up and down, the height of the horizontal lifting platform 15 and, in turn, the height position of the moving stage 16 can be adjusted to an appropriate position for high-altitude work, and the position fixing device 12 allows for the The height can be determined and fixed. Furthermore, by moving the moving stage 16, the working position in the inter-beam direction can also be adjusted.

Thus, the movable stage 16 moves to X, Y, Z3
Since it is moved in the dimensional direction, the small moving stage 16 can be used for all work at heights in small spaces as well as large spaces.

Moreover, the pillars 1, beams 4, and rows 5 that form the framework of this mobile scaffolding are made into a lightweight pipe truss structure, which is assembled by adding pipe truss pieces 21 of a modular length that can be easily handled by hand. As a result, no heavy machinery is required for its assembly and disassembly. In particular, the procedure for assembling and disassembling the strut 1 is greatly improved by constructing the strut 1 in such a way that the pipe truss pieces 21 are added to each other and the pipe truss pieces 21 are successively assembled and disassembled to be lowered.

The side walls of the building can be worked on using the side work bench 17.

Furthermore, if the beam is particularly large, the height can be adjusted using the elevated work platform 19 on the moving stage 16.

Furthermore, if necessary, the lifting platform 15 may be tilted.
For example, it is possible to create working conditions suitable for single-sided roofs.

(Example) Next, a three-dimensional movable scaffold will be described as a preferred example of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 21.

In the figure, 1 and 1' are the side walls (outer pillars) of steel frame one-story building A.
A ₁ ) A total of 6 pillars are erected vertically on the left and right sides, 3 on each side, and the lower end of each pillar is divided into left and right groups and runs on the floor 3. It is fixed and erected on top.

The details are shown in Figures 4 and 5.
Three pillars 1 and 1' are erected at intervals of about 2 m in the direction of the column, and a running trolley 2 is constructed of channel steel assembled back to back.
The lower end of the support column 1 is fixed onto the upper horizontal frame 2a made of I-shaped steel.

The traveling trolley 2 has, for example, solid tire type wheels 51 that run on the floor 3 of the building A, and is configured to be self-propelled by an electric drive device 20.

By the way, for the traveling movement of this mobile scaffolding, it is important to have dry steering ability to efficiently move it on the floor surface 3 to a target position. Therefore, a running wheel device with dry steering properties that can be applied to such heavy objects will be described below.

17 and 18 show examples using W-type solid tires, in which a pair of solid tire type running wheels 5 are shown.
1 and 51 are attached to a common axle 62. A rotary shaft 53 is provided vertically upward at approximately the center of the upper surface of the bearing box 52 that supports the central portion of the axle 62, and the running wheel 51 is connected to the lower end of the supporting column 1 or 1' of the moving scaffold via this rotary shaft 53. It is attached below the pedestal 55.

That is, a part of the rotating shaft 53 is provided with a drying rudder lever 6.
An extended pressure receiving plate 63 is fixedly provided as 3a,
A lower retainer 64 of a thrust bearing is installed on this pressure receiving plate 63. On the other hand, an upper retainer 65 is installed on the lower surface of the pedestal 55, and both retainers 64,
A thrust bearing is formed by sandwiching a ball 66 between the bearings 65 and 65, so that the rotating shaft 53 can freely rotate.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 19, the lower retainer 64 has an angle adjustment plate 56 arranged around the rotation axis 3, which has a large number of pin holes 69 formed in a disc at pitches of about 10 degrees of rotation angle. It is attached with. The upper retainer 15 and a positioning plate 70 are attached, and the direction of the running wheel 51 is fixed by a positioning pin 71 inserted through the positioning plate 70 and into a pin hole 69 of the angle adjustment plate 56.

In the figure, 58 is a drive device whose power source is a motor 58a with a brake attached to the lower surface of the steering lever 63a.
It is meshed with the second gear 72.

In the figure, 57 is a jack installed vertically downward under the frame 55, and its output shaft 57a is connected to the running wheel 5.
1 is activated to make it float from the floor surface 59.

In the figure, 73 is a handle attached to the steering lever 63a.

Therefore, when it is necessary to change the direction of the traveling shaft 51, the output shaft 57a of the jack 57 is extended, and the traveling wheel 51 is moved along with the supporting column 1 of the moving scaffold to the floor surface 5.
Float from 9. Then, the user removes the positioning pin 71, grasps the handle 73 of the steering lever 63a, rotates the lever 63a to a desired angle, and changes the direction of the wheel 51. After that, the positioning pin 71 is inserted again to fix the direction of the running wheel 51, and the jack 57 is retracted to move the running wheel 51 to the floor surface 59.
to land on.

The motor 58a with a brake is started to run as a self-propelled vehicle. The stopping position is fixed by applying the brake.

Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, a group of steel rollers 82 arranged in parallel and connected by a chain like a caterpillar are wound around a surface plate 81 fixed to a support frame 80. Running wheel devices are also applicable.

A ball 83 is housed in a circular guide groove approximately at the center of the upper surface of the support frame 80, and a rotary plate 8 is mounted on top of the ball 83.
4 and is rotatably installed around a shaft 85. Recesses 87 are provided at a constant angular pitch on the peripheral edge of the rotary plate 84, and an engaging element 86a of a rotary stopper 86 fixed on the support frame 80 can freely move in and out.

The upper end of the shaft 85 is attached below the frame 55 of the support 1 or 1' of the mobile scaffold.

Therefore, in the case of this embodiment as well, when it is desired to change the running direction, the jacks 57 are extended to raise the roller groups 82 from the floor surface, and the supporting frame 8
0 to the desired angular position and fix that position with the positioning stopper 86. After that, the jack 57 is moved to contract, and the roller group 82 is brought to the ground.

In addition, when it is desired to run in a self-propelled manner, a drive device for driving the roller group 82 is attached.

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, it is also possible to employ running wheels made of rubber, plastic, or rigid caterpillars.

Next, the central support 1' in FIG. 4 is a dedicated support for attaching a lifting device 14, which will be described later, in this embodiment. Therefore, if the two pillars 1 and 1 on both sides
If the lifting device 14 is attached to the center, the special support column 1' in the center is unnecessary. On the contrary, the number of pillars 1 may be increased to three or more as necessary.

The three pillars 1 and 1' on each side are connected to the beam members 4 and 5 in the inter-beam direction and girder direction, respectively,
The main frame of the motsu movable scaffold is constructed as a box-shaped steel body.

The beam members 4 and the beam members 5 are each installed at intervals of approximately 4 m in the height direction of the support column 1.

The above-mentioned pillar 1, beam material 4, and girder material 5 all have a lightweight pipe truss structure. Specifically, the pipe truss piece 2 illustrated in Figures 6 and 7
It is assembled by adding 1.

The main material 21a of this pipe truss piece 21 is a single pipe with a module length of 3.4 m and a diameter of about φ48.
Four of these are placed at each vertex of a square with a side of 500 mm. Then, connect the single pipe of about φ21 to diagonal material 21.
B is joined in a lattice shape to form a box truss structure, and the total weight is 16 kg, making it easy to handle when purchased.

Joint flanges 21c are provided at both ends of each main member 21a.
The joint flange 21c can be joined or separated by bolting the joint flange 21c.

Incidentally, the support 1, the beam material 4, and the girder material 5 are joined by U-shaped bolts using the joint flange 21c, as shown in FIG.

To assemble the strut 1, the above-mentioned point truss piece 2 is assembled.
1 is added as necessary and the elevating table 15 described later is raised, and disassembly is carried out by lowering the elevating table 15 while disassembling and removing each pipe truss piece 21. Therefore, cranes and other heavy machinery are not particularly required.

Next, the lifting platform 15 is installed between the dedicated central columns 1' and 1' via a rack and pinion type lifting device 14 so as to be able to rise and fall freely.

That is, as shown in detail in FIGS. 9 to 11, groove-shaped steel guide rails 8, 8 are attached to both sides of the special support column 1', and a rack 7 is attached to the center thereof.

On the other hand, the lifting device 14, which is assembled as a flat steel frame made of channel steel, has running wheels 10, 11 for receiving reaction force and for steadying, which run along the grooves of the guide rail 8, and the rack 7. It is equipped with an engaging pinion 9. The pinion 9 is rotationally driven by a reversible rotary electric motor 23 via a predetermined reduction gear mechanism, and the elevating device 14 is raised and lowered at a speed of about 2 to 10 m per minute.

In the figure, 12 is a position fixing device for fixing and supporting the lifting platform 15 at a predetermined height during work, and part of the load during work is transferred from pinion racks 9 and 7 to this position fixing device 12. It will be done.

As shown in FIG. 11B, the position fixing device 12 is formed in detail as a fixed tooth 12a that is rotatable about a pin 42 and has one end that engages the rack 7. A weight 44 is provided at the other end, and the position is always fixed by the weight 44, which is detected by the limit switch 43. On the other hand, when moving up and down, it is lifted up to the position shown by the two-dot chain line and fixed with a lock pin 45.

The elevating platform 15 is not intended to be raised and lowered frequently; for example, as shown in Fig. 2, it is set at an appropriate height for the height of the building A to allow the movable stage 16 to work on the ceiling and roof, and then fixed in position once. If it is fixed with the device 12, almost all the work will be carried out in this state for a while. The only opportunity to go up and down is to lower the elevator platform 15 one after another in order to finally dismantle the scaffolding.

A receiver 14a projecting inward is formed at the upper end of the lifting device 14, and a receiver 14a having a length of 5 in the column direction is formed on the receiver 14a.
H-shaped steel 24 (however, this is not limited to H-shaped steel) of about m length is mounted on the rack.

Then, horizontal members 25, 25 also having a pipe truss structure are installed at both ends of the H-shaped steels 24, 24 of the pair of left and right lifting devices 14, 14, so that the main frame of the lifting platform 15 is made of steel. It is formed as a frame.

In FIG. 1, 16 is a moving stage, and 26 is a fixed work stage, each of which is installed on the lifting platform 15. However, in the case of a three-dimensional moving type, the work stage 26 may be omitted and all work may be performed by the moving stage 16, which is movable in the direction between the beams.

The details of the structure of the moving stage 16 are shown in Figures 12 to 1.
As shown in FIG. 4, rails 27 are installed on the left and right horizontal members 25 of the lifting platform 15, and the moving stage 16 is mounted on left and right carts 29, 29 equipped with wheels 28, 28 that run on the rails 27. has been erected. In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes safety handrails erected on both sides of the moving stage 16.

A rack 31 is installed on the horizontal member 25 in parallel with the rail 27, and a traveling drive device 33 including a pinion 32 that meshes with the rack 31 is connected to the bogie 29.
The trolley 29 is self-propelled. The moving stage 16 can be moved at a speed of about 3 m per minute. The size of the moving stage 16 is approximately 5 m x 4 m in vertical and horizontal planar dimensions.

Note that the means for moving the moving stage 16 is not limited to the above-mentioned pinion rack method, but may also be moved using a wire drive method using a winch or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, on the moving stage 16, for example, a hydraulically driven high-altitude work platform 19
The beams make it easy to work on high areas.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 15, the lifting device 1
A receiver 34 is fixedly provided on the H-shaped steel 24 of No. 4, and a movable frame 37 is provided, one end of which is connected to the receiver 34 with a pin 35, and the other end is fixed in position with a positioning bolt 36. The horizontal member 25 is installed at 37, and the elevating platform 15 (the horizontal member 25 of)
If it is possible to tilt within the angle range of about 3/10, it will be convenient to take a working posture that follows the slope of the roof.

A moving stage 16 and a fixed working stage 26
As shown in FIG. 16, the handrail 30 has a lower end attached to a bracket 40 with a pin 41 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and a pin 43 inserted into a positioning plate 42 to maintain the upright position.

That is, this handrail 30 can be used as a work floor by tilting it outward. On the other hand, when moving the moving stage 16, it is tilted inward to avoid obstacles.

Reference numeral 17 in Fig. 2 is a link-type side work platform that can be raised and lowered, and when lifted upward by a winch 46 and raised as shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. Eliminate obstacles.
On the other hand, by tilting outward horizontally as shown by the solid line, it can be used as a scaffold for various types of work required on the walls and exterior pillars _a1 of building A.

38 in Figure 2 is hoisted up by a winch 40,
It is a ladder that can be lowered freely. This ladder 38 is used for climbing up and down the stages 16 and 26. Third
In the figure, reference numeral 41 indicates a steady rest for the lifting platform 15 during work.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail in conjunction with the embodiments, the multidimensional movable scaffold of the present invention has a multidimensional movable scaffold in which the work stage 26 or the movable stage 16 moves in two or three dimensions. The work scaffolding required for construction, repair, and renovation of buildings is provided in the optimal position for the work regardless of the size of the space, so the size (scale) of the scaffold itself can be relatively reduced to a certain extent. be. Therefore, it is not necessary to crowd the inside of a large building with temporary scaffolding, and the space can be used effectively, and work efficiency in constructing a new building or repairing or renovating an existing building can be improved. Moreover, the upper part work and the lower part (on the floor)
Since this work can be done simultaneously with the construction work, it is expected that the construction period will be significantly shortened.

Even if the dimensions of the roof (lower end of the truss) or the beam size change, the height of stages 16 and 26 can be adjusted.
Alternatively, the use of an elevated workbench 19 can be used in a wide range of applications, and it is not necessary to frequently change the scaffolding, thereby eliminating unnecessary effort.

All scaffolding changes (movement, height adjustment) can be done automatically, resulting in high construction efficiency.

As mentioned above, since the size of the scaffold can be limited to a certain degree, the absolute amount of assembly and disassembly of the scaffold can be reduced accordingly. Furthermore, most of the assembly and disassembly can be done by input, so there is no need for a large crane and costs are low. In addition, the work is easy and the construction period is short.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 are a partially omitted plan view, front view, and side view of a three-dimensional movable scaffold that is an embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 4 and 5 are a view of the lower part of the support column. A front view and a side view showing the details of the relationship with the traveling device, Figures 6 and 7 are a front view and a side view of the pipe truss piece, and Figure 8 shows the joint between the support and beam by the pipe truss piece. The detailed drawings shown in FIGS. 9 to 11A are front and side views showing the details of the lifting device, as well as a sectional view taken along line XI-XI, and FIG. 11B is a detailed view of the position fixing device, and FIGS. Figure 14 is a plan view, front view, and side view showing details of the moving stage;
The figure is a front view showing the relationship between the lifting device and the horizontal member, Figure 16 is a front view showing the details of the handrail installation structure, and Figures 17 and 18 are the running wheel device with steerability. 19 is a plan view of the angle adjustment plate, FIGS. 20 and 21 are exploded perspective views of different steered running wheel devices, and FIG. 22 is a front view and a side view shown.
24 are explanatory diagrams of conventional examples.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. (a) At least 2 on the left and right sides erected in the building (A)
A traveling trolley 2 is attached to the lower ends of each pillar and the pillars 1, 1, (b) The two pillars 1, 1 on the left and right are connected to the beam members 4 and girder members 5 in the inter-beam direction and the girder direction. (c) A rack 7 and a guide rail 8 are installed in the vertical direction along the pillar 1 or a special pillar 1' replacing it, and are engaged with the rack 7. A matching pinion 9 and a running wheel 1 running along the guide rail 8
0, 11 and a lifting device 14 equipped with a position fixing device 12 during work, a lifting platform 15 is constructed above the pair of left and right lifting devices 14, and (d) a work stage 26 is installed on the lifting platform 15. A multidimensional movable scaffold for building construction, characterized in that: 2 (a) At least 2 on the left and right sides erected inside the building (A)
A running trolley 2 is attached to the lower end of each of the pillars 1, 1, and (b) the two left and right pillars 1, 1 are connected to beam members 4 and girder members 5 in the inter-beam direction and the girder direction. (c) A rack 7 and a guide rail 8 are installed upward along the support 1 or a special support 1' replacing the support 1, and are engaged with the rack 7. A matching pinion 9 and a running wheel 1 running along the guide rail 8
0, 11, and a traveling device 14 equipped with a position fixing device 12 during work, and a lifting platform 15 is installed on a pair of left and right lifting devices 14; A multidimensional movable scaffold for building construction, characterized in that scaffolding is installed so that it can move freely in the direction between the beams. 3. The support column 1, the beam member 4, and the girder member 5 described in claim 2 each have a pipe truss structure, and are assembled by adding modular length pipe truss pieces 21. Dimensional moving scaffolding. 4 The strut 1 described in claim 2 is:
A multidimensional movable scaffold comprising a side work platform 17 that can be raised outwardly, and a work stage 26 and a moving stage 16 each equipped with a stage upper handrail 30 that can be raised outwardly. 5. A multidimensional movable scaffold characterized in that the movable stage 16 according to claim 2 or 4 is equipped with an elevated work platform 19 that can be raised and lowered. 6 Lifting device 1 described in claim 2
4 and the lifting platform 15 are connected by pins that can be tilted freely.