JPH0694025B2 - Attack device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is installed on the outside of the outlet of a granular material storage container such as a hopper or silo, and impacts the outlet by impacting the outlet to attach the granular material and the outlet. The present invention relates to an impacting device used to prevent blockage and accelerate the outflow of powder or granular material, or as a vibration source for demolding in casting or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional devices of this type are those disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 62-123880 (hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art 1") filed by the applicant of the present invention, and Japanese Utility Model Application No. 59-8.
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2681 (hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art 2").
Is known).

Prior art 1 has a structure shown in FIG. That is, the cap 102 provided on the upper part of the housing 101.
An intake / exhaust port 103 is provided at the bottom of the cap 102, an umbrella valve 104 is provided below the cap 102, and a pressure accumulating chamber 105 communicating with the upper intake / exhaust port 103 of the umbrella valve 104 is provided below the peripheral edge of the umbrella valve 104. Provided so as to surround the pipe 106,
Below the pressure accumulating chamber 105 is a piston chamber 107, and a piston 108 is attached to the piston chamber 107. With such a configuration, high-pressure gas is supplied from the intake / exhaust port 103 and accumulated in the accumulator chamber 105. When the high-pressure gas supplied by switching the three-way valve 109 is released to the atmosphere when the pressure in the pressure accumulating chamber 105 reaches a predetermined pressure, the umbrella-shaped valve 10
4 moves to the intake / exhaust port 103 side, the gas in the accumulator flows into the communication pipe, the piston 108 descends rapidly, and the end surface of the rod of the piston 108 is juxtaposed to the flange fixed to the hit object 110. Hammer the plate and give a shock.

Prior art 2 has a structure shown in FIG. That is, the intake port 112 is provided at one side of the upper part of the housing 111, the exhaust port 114 is provided at the cap 113, the diaphragm sheet 115 is provided below the cap 113, and the through hole 116 is provided below the diaphragm sheet 115.
A pressure accumulating chamber 117 that communicates with the upper side of the diaphragm sheet 115 via the pipe is provided so as to surround the communication pipe 118, and the lower side of the pressure accumulating chamber 117 is a piston chamber 119.
A piston 120 is attached to the member 19. With such a configuration, when the solenoid valve 121 connected to the exhaust port 114 is opened while supplying high-pressure gas from the intake port 112,
The piston 120 rapidly descends, and the end surface of the rod of the piston 120 hammers the hit surface 122 to give an impact.

[0005]

The above-mentioned conventional technique 1 has the following problems. First, since the piston is operated by switching the three-way valve, a control device such as a timer is required to control the firing interval. Secondly, since the outer shape of the pressure accumulating chamber and the outer shape of the cylinder are equal, the height is high and the stability is poor at the time of mounting, and the high-pressure gas is released into the atmosphere by switching the three-way valve, so the energy efficiency is poor. Thirdly, since auxiliary equipment such as a solenoid valve is provided outside the main body, accidents such as damage are likely to occur.

In addition to the same problems as the above-mentioned conventional technique 1, the above-mentioned conventional technique 2 has the following problems. That is, in the case of using as a powdery or granular material removing device, the mounting posture of the hitting device is often in a state where the shaft center of the housing 111 is inclined about 60 degrees with the piston 120 upward as shown in FIG. Here, the outer shape of the base 120a of the piston 120 is the housing 111.
Although the inner diameter is the same as the inner diameter, the tip end portion is loosely fitted in the through hole 123. Therefore, in the tilted mounting state, the piston 1
20 is supported inside the housing 111 by its base portion 120a, but since the piston 120 is long, the base portion 120a
The narrow contact surface between a and the inside of the housing 111 cannot support the piston 120, and the piston 120 tilts, and the tip end portion of the piston 120 contacts the through hole 123.

As described above, when the piston 120 is operated with the piston 120 tilted, the following problems occur.
First, the base 120a of the piston 120 and the housing 1
The wear of the inside of 11 and the contact portion between the tip of the piston 120 and the edge of the through hole 123 is fast, the wear amount increases as the number of operations increases, and the tilt angle of the piston 120 increases. Secondly, when the piston 120 is operated in a tilted state, an unbalanced load is applied to the neck portion 120b of the piston 120 at the time of impact, and the piston is easily damaged at the neck portion 120b.
Third, when the piston 120 is operated in a tilted state,
Unbalanced load is applied to the spring 124, and the spring 124
Deformation or damage easily occurs. Fourthly, when the hit portion 122 is hit while the piston 120 is tilted, the hit portion 1
An unbalanced load is applied to 22, and the attacked portion 122 is easily deformed. Fifth, when the distance between the tip of the struck device and the surface to be struck is initially B1, the struck portion 122 and the piston 12 are
When B2 changes due to the deformation of 0, the moving distance of the piston 120 extends and the amount of deformation of the spring 124 also increases.
When the spring is required to be deformed beyond the compression limit, the spring 124 is significantly deformed or damaged, the restoring force is lost, and the impact operation cannot be performed.

[0008]

The striking device of the present invention comprises:
It is composed of an intake section having an intake port, a pressure accumulating section communicating with the intake section and having a pressure accumulating chamber, and an impacting section communicating with the pressure accumulating section via a discharge hole. The intake port communicates with the pressure accumulating chamber through the through hole and also communicates with the valve chamber through the pressure reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve closes the intake passage when the atmospheric pressure on the valve chamber side reaches a predetermined value. A valve body that opens and closes the discharge hole is mounted in the valve chamber, one surface of the valve body is pressurized by gas supplied through the pressure reducing valve, and the other surface peripheral portion of the valve body is supplied from the pressure accumulating chamber. It is arranged so as to be pressurized by the gas. Further, a piston and an accelerating member for accelerating the struck portion by the struck by the piston are arranged in the struck portion. According to the second aspect of the present invention, an annular piston receiver for slidably supporting the piston is mounted inside the cylinder end portion of the hitting portion to further ensure the prevention of the inclination of the piston. According to a third aspect of the present invention, a movable diaphragm for increasing or decreasing a gas passage amount is provided in a through hole between the intake port and the pressure accumulating portion to facilitate adjustment of an impact interval. The invention of claim 4 relates to a specific structure of a pressure reducing valve, wherein a cylindrical air guide is arranged in a valve chamber with its base end opened toward the intake port side, and a spool is slidable in the air guide. The base of the spool is attached to the base end of the air guide so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from the base end of the air guide, and the spool is urged toward the intake port by a spring arranged at the bottom of the valve chamber, and the outside of the air guide communicates with the valve chamber. A gas flow path communicating with the hole is formed, the air guide is provided with a through hole that communicates the inside of the air guide with the gas flow path, and the tip flange of the air guide is provided with an axial through hole. By doing so, it is possible to easily adjust the attack force.

[0009]

In the present invention, part of the high pressure gas supplied from the intake port flows into the pressure accumulating chamber through the through hole. The rest of the high pressure gas flows into the valve chamber through the pressure reducing valve. And
When the pressure on the valve chamber side reaches a certain pressure, the pressure reducing valve is closed and the pressure on the valve chamber side, that is, the pressure received on one surface of the valve body is maintained at a predetermined value. On the other hand, since the high pressure gas continues to flow into the accumulator, the pressure on the accumulator side continues to rise. When the pressure on the accumulator chamber side increases and the force that pressurizes the valve body from the accumulator chamber side exceeds the force that pressurizes the valve body from the valve accumulator side, the valve body moves upward (see FIG. 3) and The high-pressure gas passes through the discharge hole and instantaneously flows into the hitting portion, and the pressure of the high-pressure gas actuates the piston to directly hit the hitting surface to give an impact. When the high-pressure air flows out of the pressure accumulating chamber, the pressure in the valve chamber pushes down the valve element to open the pressure reducing valve, and the high-pressure gas flows into the valve chamber, and the above operation is repeated thereafter.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, since the piston is supported by both the base portion and the tip portion, the inclination of the piston can be reliably prevented when the apparatus is installed while being inclined. Further, in the invention of claim 3, the hitting interval can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the movable diaphragm. Further, according to the invention of claim 4, since the force for opening the valve can be changed by changing the set pressure of the pressure reducing valve, it is possible to arbitrarily change the impact force by the discharge of the high pressure gas.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The hitting device shown in the drawings includes an intake section A having an intake port 1, a pressure accumulating section B having a pressure accumulating chamber 2 mounted below the intake section A and communicating with the intake section A, and the accumulating section. And a hitting portion C having a piston 4 which is attached below B and communicates with each other through a discharge hole 3 of a pressure accumulating portion B. The air chamber 5 connected to the intake port 1 is connected to the through hole 6a and the pressure reducing valve mounting chamber 7 having a diameter larger than that of the air chamber 5. A movable diaphragm 8 is attached to the tip of the through hole 6a. The movable diaphragm 8 is the through hole 6
With a structure in which a tapered screw member 8b having a tapered tip is screwed into a female screw hole 8a having a tapered connecting side with a, the amount of high-pressure gas passing through can be adjusted by changing the tightening position of the throttle member 8b. I am doing it. The female screw hole 8
The base end of the through hole 6b is connected to a, and the tip thereof communicates with the pressure accumulating chamber 2 provided in the pressure accumulating portion B.

A pressure reducing valve 9 is mounted in the pressure reducing valve mounting chamber 7. The pressure reducing valve 9 is configured as follows. A spool receiver 11 is slidably mounted in a bottomed hole 10a of a spring receiver 10 screwed into a female screw formed in the pressure reducing valve mounting chamber 7, and the spool receiver 11 and the bottomed hole 10 are attached.
A spring 12 for urging the spool receiver 11 toward the air chamber 5 is provided between the spring 12 and the bottom of a. In the figure, reference numeral 10b is a through hole, and 10c is a nut for fixing a spring receiver.

A base end flange of an air guide 13 having a tubular shape and having flanges at both ends is brought into contact with a step portion formed between the base portion of the pressure reducing valve mounting chamber 7 and the air chamber 5, and is sealed by an O-ring. The base end side opening is tapered. On the other hand, the tip flange is in contact with the spring receiver 10. A plurality of through holes 13a are provided in the middle portion of the air guide 13 to connect the inner cavity of the air guide 13 and the annular flow passage 14 formed outside. Also,
The tip end flange of the air guide 13 has a through hole 13 in the axial direction.
A plurality of b are provided.

A spool 15 is attached to the inner cavity of the air guide 13. Flange 1 at the base of the spool
5a is formed, and an O-ring 15b is attached to one side of the flange 15a so as to abut on the base end tapered portion of the air guide 13. In addition, instead of the O-ring, a plate-shaped or other appropriate-shaped seal member may be interposed. The base side of the spool 15 has a small diameter and a gap is formed between the spool 15 and the inner wall of the air guide 13 so that high-pressure gas can pass therethrough. On the other hand, the tip side of the spool 15 has a large diameter,
The air guide 13 is slidably contacted with the inner wall of the air guide 13, and an O-ring 15c is attached to the tip of the air guide 13. A spring 16 that urges the spool 15 toward the spool receiver 11 is provided between the base end surface of the spool 15 and the opposing wall of the air chamber 5.

A valve chamber 17 which opens downward is provided at the lower portion of the intake portion A, and the peripheral wall 1 of the valve chamber 17 is provided.
A valve body 18 which is slidably in contact with 7a and formed of an elastic member is mounted. An elastic member is most suitable for the valve body 18, but a resin material or the like can be used. The valve chamber 17 is in communication with the annular flow passage 14 through the through hole 19.

A pressure accumulating portion B is attached below the intake portion A. The pressure accumulating portion has an annular pressure accumulating chamber 2 communicating with the through hole 6b of the intake portion A, and an annular partition wall 20 is provided upright in the center. The tip of the partition wall 20 serves as the valve seat of the valve body 18, and the inner wall of the partition wall serves as the discharge hole 3.

A step portion is formed around the lower end of the discharge hole 3 of the pressure accumulating portion B, and the upper end portion of the cylinder 21 of the hitting portion C is fitted in the step portion, and the lower end of the cylinder 21 is provided with the flange 2.
It is fitted to the upper surface step portion of No. 2. Then, the intake portion A, the pressure accumulating portion B, and the hitting portion C are integrally tightened and fixed by the bolt 23 and the nut 24. A piston 4 is mounted in the cylinder 21, and the flange 2
An annular piston receiver 26 is attached to a hole formed in the center of the second member 2. Then, the large-diameter portion 4a of the base end of the piston 4
Between the lower surface of the piston 4 and the upper surface of the piston receiver 26.
A spring 27 for urging the above is provided.

A large-diameter portion 4a of the base end of the piston 4 has an outer diameter that is slidably contacted with the inside of the cylinder 21, and a spring fitting portion 4b having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter portion is provided below the large-diameter portion 4a. Below the fitting portion 4b is a columnar portion 4c having a smaller diameter than this, and the tip of the columnar portion 4c is the hitting portion 4d. The tip of the hitting portion 4d may be formed in a conical shape, a wedge shape, or the like. The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 4c is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the piston receiver 26, and the cylindrical portion 4c is slidably supported by the piston receiver 26. The upper surface 26a of the piston receiver 26 is provided on the piston 4 so that the moving distance of the piston 4 does not exceed the deformation limit of the spring 27.
Is a position to prevent the downward movement of the piston 4 and functions as a stop portion on the lower surface of the spring fitting portion 4b of the piston 4. Reference numeral 21a in the figure
Is an exhaust hole, and 28 is a base.

The hitting device of the present invention constructed as described above is fixed to the hitting surface 28 near the outlet of the granular material storage container with the bolt 29, and the intake pipe 1 is connected to the intake port 1. To use. Reference numeral 31 is a high-pressure gas generator, and 32 is a two-way valve.

The operation will be described below. In FIG. 1, when high-pressure gas is introduced into the intake port 1 from the air supply pipe 30, the high-pressure gas flows into the air chamber 5, and a part of the high-pressure gas flows into the accumulator chamber 2 through the through hole 6a, the movable diaphragm 8 and the through hole 6b. It collects here. The remaining portion flows toward the pressure reducing valve 9, passes through the gap between the spool 15 and the air guide 13, passes through the through hole 13a of the air guide, the annular flow passage 14, and the through hole 19 and flows into the valve chamber 17, where it is collected. Here, when high pressure gas is filled in the upstream side of the valve body 18 to reach a predetermined pressure determined by the springs 12 and 16, the spool 15 moves in the direction of the spring receiver 10 against the spring 12 and is attached to the spool 15. The ring 15b closes the base end opening of the air guide 13 (see FIG. 3). Therefore, the inflow of high-pressure gas to the valve chamber 17 side is stopped, and the pressure received by the upper surface of the valve body 18 is maintained at a constant value set by the spring. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas continues to accumulate in the pressure accumulating chamber 2, and the upward force applied to the peripheral portion of the lower surface of the valve body 18 gradually increases.

When the upward force received by the lower surface of the valve body 18 exceeds the downward force received from the valve chamber 17 side, the valve body 18
Is separated from the valve seat (see FIG. 3), and the high-pressure gas in the pressure accumulating chamber 2 instantly flows into the cylinder 21 through the discharge hole 3 from the gap formed between the valve body and the valve seat, and pushes down the piston 4 and the piston 4 The attacking unit 4d of the attackes the attacking surface.

In the above, the attack interval can be set arbitrarily by adjusting the movable diaphragm 8. That is, if the movable throttle 8 is narrowed down to reduce the passage amount of the high-pressure gas per unit time, it takes time to fill the accumulator chamber 2 with the high-pressure gas, and the firing interval becomes long. On the contrary, if the aperture is opened and the passing amount is increased, the attack interval becomes shorter. It should be noted that it is optimal to provide the movable diaphragm, but the structure may not be provided. In that case, the firing interval is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the supply pressure of the high-pressure gas.

By adjusting the spring force of the pressure reducing valve 9, the impact force can be set arbitrarily. That is, when the spring force is increased, the force received by the upper surface of the valve body 18 is increased, and when the valve body 18 is raised, a large amount of high-pressure gas, which opposes it, is accumulated in the pressure accumulating chamber 2, so that the impact force is increased.
On the contrary, if the spring force is reduced, the attack force will be weakened. The impact force is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the screwing depth of the spring receiver 10 into the pressure reducing valve mounting chamber 7. If a gap is created between the spring receiver 10 and the air guide 13 by this adjustment, a ring-shaped spacer is interposed and fixed. Further, the spring 12 can be changed to one having a different spring constant. Further, a female screw hole is provided from the bottomed hole of the spring receiver 10 to the outside, and a bolt-shaped spring adjusting member is screwed into the female screw hole from the outside of the spring receiver 10, and the spring 12 is attached at the tip of the spring adjusting member. The supporting force may be changed, and the spring force may be increased or decreased by changing the screwing depth of the spring adjusting member. The pressure reducing valve may have a structure in which the set pressure cannot be changed. In other words, it is sufficient that it has a function of stopping the inflow of high-pressure gas when the pressure on the valve chamber 17 side exceeds a certain value.

Further, since the tip end cylindrical portion 4c of the piston 4 is supported by the piston receiver 26, the piston 4
Is supported at two places, the large diameter portion 4a at the upper portion and the cylindrical portion 4c at the lower portion, and the piston 4 does not incline with respect to the center axis of the cylinder even when the apparatus is installed in an inclined state. There is no risk of unbalanced loads due to tilting. Furthermore, since the upper surface 26a of the piston receiver 26 functions as a stopper for the piston 4, even if the piston does not reach the surface to be hit during operation and is in a so-called idle state, the spring 27 exceeds the deformation limit. There is no deformation, and there is no problem of damage to the spring and deterioration of elasticity, which has been a problem in the past, and stable impact force can be maintained for a long period of time.

Further, in the above embodiment, since the outer diameter of the pressure accumulating chamber 2 is made larger than the diameter of the cylinder 21, the overall height can be reduced and a stable mounting state can be obtained.

[0026]

According to the present invention, the pressurized gas is not exhausted to the atmosphere at the time of switching the valve and is accumulated in the device and used for the operation of the next cycle. The next cycle starts up quickly. Further, the generation of exhaust noise can be reduced as much as possible. Further, since the pressure reducing valve is mounted in the main body instead of the solenoid valve, the high-pressure gas piping is a single air supply pipe, and the piping is easy and there is no risk of damaging the piping or accessories. Further, since the diaphragm sheet is not used, fatigue of parts is small, a stable use state can be obtained without lowering the impact force due to long-term use, and size reduction is also possible. Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the piston is supported at two positions, the inside of the cylinder and the piston receiver, the center axis of the cylinder and the center axis of the piston are irrespective of the mounting posture of the device. Match and never lean. Therefore, wear of the sliding surface is extremely small, and an unbalanced load is not applied to the piston and the spring, so that damage to these is prevented and durability is improved. Further, it is possible to give an impact having a directivity in a right-angled direction to the hit object, and it is possible to prevent deformation of the hit object due to an unbalanced load and occurrence of blank hitting associated therewith. Further, according to the inventions of claims 3 and 4, it is easy to adjust the impact force and the impact interval. The hitting device of the present invention has a long service life and can be used with peace of mind also as a vibration source for removing dusts such as wire netting and demolding of a mold such as casting, in addition to the purpose of removing powder particles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is likewise an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pressure reducing valve portion.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the same state when switching valves.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Prior Art 1.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of Prior Art 2.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional technique 2 in a mounted state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Air intake part B Accumulation part C Attack part 1 Intake port 2 Accumulation chamber 3 Discharge hole 4 Piston 8 Movable throttle 9 Pressure reducing valve 10 Spring receiving 11 Spool receiving 12 Spring 13 Air guide 13a Through hole 14 Annular flow path 15 Spool 17 Valve room 18 valve body 19 through hole 21 cylinder 26 piston receiver

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An intake part having an intake port, a pressure accumulating part having a pressure accumulating chamber communicating with the intake part, and an accelerating part communicating with the pressure accumulating part through a discharge hole. A valve chamber is formed between the intake port and the hole, the intake port communicates with both the pressure accumulating chamber and the valve chamber, and the air pressure on the valve chamber side reaches a predetermined value between the intake port and the valve chamber. A pressure reducing valve that closes the intake flow path is provided, and a valve body that opens and closes the discharge hole is attached to the valve chamber, and one surface of the valve body is heated by the gas supplied through the pressure reducing valve. The other surface peripheral edge portion of the valve body is pressed and is arranged to be pressurized by the gas supplied from the pressure accumulating chamber, and the hitting portion is provided with a piston for directly hitting the hit portion. Attack device 2. The hitting device according to claim 1, wherein an annular piston receiver for slidably supporting the piston is mounted inside the cylinder end of the hitting portion. 3. The striker device according to claim 1, wherein a movable throttle for increasing / decreasing a gas passage amount is provided in a through hole between the intake port and the pressure accumulating portion. 4. A pressure reducing valve, wherein a cylindrical air guide is disposed in a valve chamber with its base end opened toward the intake port side, a spool is slidable in the air guide, and its base is an air guide. A gas flow passage is attached to the base end so as to be detachable from the base end, and the spool is urged toward the intake port by a spring arranged at the bottom of the valve chamber, and communicates with a communication hole with the valve chamber outside the air guide. Wherein the air guide is provided with a through hole that communicates the inside of the air guide with the gas flow path, and the tip flange of the air guide is provided with an axial through hole. Item of attack device according to any one of 1, 2 or 3