JPH0740838B2 - Tree digging method and device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tree digging method and apparatus for digging trees by digging the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a mountain forest on a golf course or a residential land, it is not preferable to cut down all trees from the viewpoint of nature protection and greening protection. In addition, in golf courses and residential areas, it is being transplanted to gardens and other necessary places for greening.

Conventionally, when transplanting trees at the time of the above-mentioned construction or at the time of landscaping, the trees are dug, they are loaded on a carrier such as a rack, then they are loaded and unloaded, and they are planted. Mainly used in tactics, and only partially used machines. Moreover, even with the mechanization, it is not a dedicated transplantation machine, but an existing machine, for example, a power shovel at the time of digging, or a chain block or the like for loading and unloading on a carrier machine.

Even when these machines are used, human labor is indispensable for each of the above work.
In addition, when transplanting grown Takamaki, not only the weight of the tree itself, but also the weight of the tree, including a considerable amount of roots and root soil to prevent tree death and improve survival.

Therefore, when the above-mentioned conventional means is used, a great amount of labor and time are required to dig, transport and plant trees without damaging the trees, which is extremely inefficient. In the case of creating a golf course, it is technically impossible to transplant a large number of trees, and even if it is possible to carry out this, the cost for that is enormous, so it is felled and trees purchased separately are The current situation is to implant it at the desired location.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems, there has been proposed a method in which the process from digging of trees to planting is carried out by a self-propelled vehicle and an openable bucket type excavator equipped with this. However, in these cases, there are problems with the excavation means as follows.

That is, in a case where a pair of buckets forming an excavator are moved in an arc while being excavated and closed in the ground, the buckets are bowl-shaped, so that trees As a result, the bucket type of this type, which originally has a large excavation resistance, has an even greater resistance, resulting in a situation where all the soil at the root is held. Unreasonableness occurs in closing,
A complete bucket closure cannot be obtained, resulting in the inability to cut roots extending downward from the root of the tree.

Further, in the bucket type, since a pair of buckets are dug into the ground from the left and right sides of the tree root, the roots extending to the front and rear sides of the tree root are not cut, For this reason, due to the resistance of these roots and the roots extending downward, the grown Takabayashi or the like cannot remove the trees even if the bucket is raised. Therefore, even if the power of raising the bucket by the self-propelled vehicle is increased to avoid this, the root will be severed by being cut off from the root part, resulting in poor tree survival, It will cause it to die.

[0009]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an excavation width and an excavation depth corresponding to the shape of the root portion by the excavation mode according to the topography of the place where the tree to be transplanted grows and the size of the tree. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tree digging method and apparatus which can dig a tree with good workability so that the root is less damaged in the most desirable state.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the tree digging method according to the present invention, at least two adjacent sides are provided with substantially flat ground excavation claws.
To allow rotation about their respective axes substantially parallel to the excavation and supported leaf Tan a quadrilateral shape each side formed of the claw, of the axis parallel to the sides formed of the claw When the excavation and carrying plate is rotated around one selected axis and the claws on the side parallel to that axis are moved from the side of the tree to the bottom, when the tree comes onto the excavating and carrying plate. I tried to dig up the tree from the ground by lifting it.

Further, in the tree digging device according to the present invention, at least one for digging the ground and carrying trees is carried out.
From a single plate for excavation and carrying, which is a substantially flat quadrilateral plate having at least two adjacent sides with claws for excavating, and drive means for driving the plate for excavating and carrying. Driving the arm and the plate for excavation and carrying by connecting the excavation and carrier to the tip of the arm of a self-propelled lead machine that constitutes an excavator and carrier and has an arm that is driven in the vertical and forward and backward directions. the excavating and carrying leaf by driving means each centered by rotating the axis substantially parallel to the sides formed of the pawl configured drilling ground in so performed.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF] According to this structure, it substantially parallel axes excavating and carrying a plate at least adjacent two sides of the claw <br/>
By rotating around the LES, performed excavation of the ground from two or more directions with respect to trees, variously perform the excavation of the ground from the appropriate direction according to the trees and small and terrain.
Also, the plate for excavation and carrying has a substantially flat quadrilateral shape.
Dig the ground by piercing the excavation and carrying plate into the ground.
In this case, the excavation resistance is small and the ground can be easily excavated.
It

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, an excavating and conveying machine 2 is connected to a self-propelled leading machine 1 such as a bulldozer or a power shovel. For this purpose, a frame 5 having a substantially C-shaped plane with an opening 4 at the front end is provided. A pair of left and right arms 7 and 7 integrally formed into a frame by connecting both arm members 7a and 7a with a predetermined interval by a connecting member 7b pivotally support an upper end portion thereof with a support shaft 8. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), within the range of the position where the front surface is rotated and raised in a substantially V-shape and the vertical position shown in FIG. The pair of arms 7, 7 are provided so as to face each other so as to be rotatable.

In order to perform the above-mentioned rotation, hydraulic cylinders 9 and 9 are provided on the outer side of the upper ends of the left and right frame portions 6 and 6 on the front and rear sides thereof, respectively, from the state of FIG. 4 to the state of FIG. 4 so that it can be rotated to the position shown in FIG.
The output shafts 9a, 9
a is the front and rear arm members 7a, 7a of the both arms 7, 7
Is pivotally supported by outer shaft pins 11, 11.

The left and right arms 7, 7 are provided at their lower ends with inwardly excavating and carrying plates 12 and 12 projecting substantially orthogonally to each other. The plates 12 and 12 are located at opposite positions. It is fixed.

Both the excavating and supporting plates 12, 12 are formed in a rectangular shape, and the width in the front-rear direction thereof is the both side arms 7, 7 described above.
It is formed wider than that of each of the arms 7, 7 and protrudes from the front end and the rear end of each arm 7 to the front and rear by a required length.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the two excavating and supporting plates 12, 12 have their three edges, namely,
A large number of excavating claws 1 are provided on the opposing edge and both front and rear edges.
3 ... 14 ..., 15 ... are projected at a constant interval in each width direction of the plates 12, 12, but the excavating claws 13 ... Both excavation and carrying plates 12,
When 12 is closed and is in a horizontal state, it meshes with each other as shown in FIG. 1A, and when both excavating and carrying plates 12, 12 are closed in the ground as shown in FIG. Part 3a
The lower ground G'and the portion 3c extending downward of the root 3b can be cut.

Further, the left and right arms 7 and 7 and the excavating and carrying plates 12 and 12 are formed into a symmetrical hoe shape in a substantially L shape on the front side, and as shown in FIG. By rotating the hydraulic cylinder 9 from the position raised in the direction of rotation to the lower position as shown in FIG. 4, it is easy to dig into the grounds G and G ', and at this time, excess soil is removed from the plate 12. , 12 both front and rear parts and both front and rear arm members 7a of the arms 7, 7,
The excavation resistance is reduced as much as possible by escaping to the outside from between 7a.

The excavating and conveying machine 2 formed in this way
Is connected to the main machine 1 in the following manner by a pair of left and right brackets 17, 17 fixed to the base end of the frame 5, that is, the rear frame portion 16 by welding or the like.

That is, the base end of the main machine 1 is pivotally supported by the shaft pin 18 at the front end thereof, and the front end of the main machine 1 is pivotally supported by the shaft pin 19 at the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 20. Lifting and lowering drive arm 23 pivotally connected by 21 and shaft pin 22
Is provided and is rotatable in the vertical direction by the hydraulic cylinder 20.

Further, an operating arm 24 is pivotally supported at the tip of the elevating and lowering drive arm 23 by a pivot pin 25 in the vicinity of the proximal end thereof so as to be rotatable in the front-back direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3). In addition, the lifting drive arm 2 described above
3, a hydraulic cylinder 26 is pivotally supported on an upper portion thereof by a shaft pin 27, and an output shaft 28 thereof is pivotally attached to a base end of the operating arm 24 by a shaft pin 29, and is vertically driven by the hydraulic cylinder 26. The operating arm 24 is configured to be driven and rotated in the front-rear direction with respect to the arm 23.

A hydraulic cylinder 30 is pivotally supported by a shaft pin 31 at a front portion near the base end of the operating arm 24, and one end of a link 32 is provided near the tip end of the hydraulic cylinder 30 at a shaft pin 33.
Is pivoted at.

Further, the output shaft 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is
4, the other end of the link 32 and one end of another link 35 are pivotally attached by a shaft pin 36, and the link 35 and the tip of the actuating arm 24 are fixed to the frame 17 by a bracket 17. At a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction, they are pivotally supported by support shafts 37 and 38, respectively, and thus the excavating and conveying machine 2 is connected to the lead machine 1.

That is, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is moved up and down by the vertical movement of the lifting drive arm 23 by the hydraulic cylinder 20, and is also rotated by the forward and backward movement of the operating arm 24 by the hydraulic cylinder 26. Further, by rotating the links 32 and 35 by the hydraulic cylinder 30, the hydraulic cylinder 30 can be positioned in a horizontal state as shown in FIG. 2, a forward tilted state as shown in FIG. 5, and a backward tilted state as shown in FIG. Become.

The vertical movement of the excavating and conveying machine 2 and the rotating movement in the front-rear direction, and the left-right rotating movement of the left and right arms 7, 7 and the left and right excavating and carrying plates l2, l2 are as follows. In each case, the above hydraulic cylinders 9, 9, 20, 2 are arranged so that all can be operated in the cockpit 38 of the lead machine 1.
6, 30 are connected to a hydraulic unit (not shown) on the main machine 1.

If a supporting rod (not shown) of the tree 3 is provided on the frame 5 so as to project forward from the rear side frame portion 16, when the tree 3 is dug and carried, the tree 3 is supported on the supporting rod. It is convenient to be able to support the stand upright.

In order to use the tree digging device constructed as described above, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is moved to a position near the tree 3 to be transplanted by the operation of the lead machine 1, and then the left and right arms 7 are moved. , 7 are rotated outward, and the excavation and carrying plates 12 and 12 at the lower ends thereof are opened in a substantially inverted C-shape on the front as shown in FIG.

Further moving forward, the tree 3 is received from the opening 4 of the frame 5 in the substantially central portion of the machine, and then the excavating and carrying machine 2 is lowered, while the left and right excavating and carrying plates 12,
Rotate the left and right arms 7, 7 inward until 12 is in the horizontal position. As a result, the left and right excavation and carrying plates 1
2, 12 excavate from the ground G on both left and right sides of the tree root part 3a to the ground G'below the root part 3a, excavate the grounds G, G ', and outside and below the root 3b. As shown in FIG.
As described above, the tree root portion 3a is carried on the left and right excavating and carrying plates 12 and 12, and after doing so, the leading machine 1 raises the excavating and carrying machine 2 to dig the tree 3.

As another digging means different from the above, after moving the excavating and conveying machine 2 to a position near the tree 3 to be transplanted by the main machine 1, both excavating and carrying boards 12, 12 are kept closed. As shown in FIG. 5, the excavator and carrier 2 is tilted forward,
While lowering the aircraft 2, the aircraft 2 is rotated toward the front as indicated by an arrow a in the figure, and the two excavating and carrying plates 12, 12 are ground from the front end thereof to the ground G ″ in front of the tree root 3a and the ground G at the lower part. ′ Is excavated in the order of (a), (b), and (c) shown in FIG. 7, and the grounds G ″, G ′ and the portion 3c extending long in the front direction and the downward direction of the root 3b. At the same time as cutting the tree, the root part 3a of the tree is supported on both the excavating and carrying plates 12, 12, and after doing so, the leading machine 1 raises the excavating and carrying machine 2 to dig the tree 3. it can.

Further, after moving the excavating and conveying machine 2 to the vicinity of the tree 3 to be transplanted by the main machine 1, the left and right arms 7, 7 are rotated outward to rotate both excavating and carrying plates 12, 1.
2 is opened in a substantially inverted C shape on the front.

In this way, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is moved forward by the main machine 1, and the tree 3 is passed through the opening 4 of the frame 5 thereof.
If the robot is received in the approximate center of the aircraft, both arms 7, 7
Is rotated inward to close both the excavating and carrying plates 12, 12.

Next, after the excavation and transfer machine 2 is tilted backward, the excavation and transfer board 2 is rotated toward the front as shown by the arrow b in FIG. The ground G ′ ″ in the front part of the tree root part 3a and the ground G ′ in the lower part are shown in FIG. 8 (a ′), (b ′),
Excavate in the order of (c ′), and the same ground G ″ ″, G ′ and root 3
a portion 3c extending long in the frontward outward direction and the downward direction of b
At the same time as cutting the tree, the tree root part 3a is carried on both the excavating and carrying plates 12, 12, and after doing so, the lead machine 1
It is also possible to raise the excavation and transfer machine 2 and to dig up the tree 3.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned digging means can be used together depending on the size of the tree 3 to be transplanted, the topography of the tree 3 and the like, if necessary.

As described above, according to the digging device of the embodiment, the excavating and transporting machine has the left and right lower arms on the left and right sides of the frame, which are rotatably opposed to each other, and the lower ends of the arms. The left and right excavation and carrying plates are substantially horizontally opposed and fixed to each other to form a hoe, and the outer portions of both the excavation and carrying plates are opened without being closed by the arms, and the front and rear parts thereof are also closed. Since the structure is opened without being cut, the resistance to excavation into the ground of the plate for excavation and carrying is reduced, which facilitates the excavation of the ground in the left and right direction of the tree root and the ground in the downward direction. As a result, the excavation width and the excavation depth can be easily and appropriately excavated.

Further, in addition to excavating the ground on the left and right sides and the downward direction of the root of the tree for excavating the tree, the excavating and carrying machine is placed in front of the tree with both excavating and carrying plates closed. In the forward leaning posture, or in the forward leaning posture in the front of the tree, in this state, while rotating the excavator and carrier, rotate from the front to the front, and from the front to the front to rotate the tree root part. Tree excavation can be performed by excavating the front ground and the downward ground, or the front ground and the lower ground, respectively. If these digging operations are used in combination, even large trees can be easily digged, and each such digging operation can be performed with the lead machine stationary and moved. It is efficient because it does not need to turn.

Further, as described above, if the front ground and the lower ground of the tree or the front ground and the lower ground of the tree are respectively excavated, especially when the tree to be transplanted is on a sloping ground, Stabilize the machine by placing it on a flat land on the descending or ascending portion of the sloping land, and in this state, you can perform tree digging safely and easily, and with a sufficient amount of residual soil at the root. Moreover, digging, transportation, and planting of trees can be efficiently performed by a series of operations.

In the apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment, the number of excavation and carrying plates is two, but it is also possible to have one or three or more plates.

[0039]

As described above, according to the tree digging method and device of the present invention, at least two adjacent trees are
By rotating about their respective axes substantially parallel to at least two sides of the drilling <br/> Kezuken carrying leaf generally planar quadrilateral shape formed nails for ground excavation with the claw to the side, It is possible to excavate the ground from two or more directions with respect to the tree, and according to the topography of the place where the tree to be transplanted grows, the size of the tree, etc. to, i.e., less damage to the roots, Ru performed to hold a sufficient amount of surplus soil in the root portion. Moreover , for excavation and carrying
Excavation resistance may be small because the plate has a quadrilateral shape that is almost flat.
Therefore, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that the excavation can be performed easily and efficiently in a short time , and the tree can be excavated with good workability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of an embodiment showing a tree digging device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view showing an example of an initial state of tree digging.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the tree root carrying state showing an example of tree digging according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of tree digging according to the above embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing still another example of tree digging according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a tree digging operation on a sloping ground according to the above embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 l Self-propelled main machine 2 Excavator / conveyor 5 Frame 7 Left and right arms 9 A pair of hydraulic cylinders 12 Left and right excavator / carrying plates 13 Excavator claws 14 Excavator claws 15 Excavator claws 23 Lifting drive arm 24 Working arm 20 hydraulic cylinder 26 hydraulic cylinder 30 hydraulic cylinder

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tree digging up method to excavate ground takes digging trees, of the nail digging and carrying a plate of substantially planar quadrilateral nail is formed for ground excavation two sides mutually at least adjacent each axis substantially parallel to the sides formed by <br/> allow rotation about the one axis selected inner of the axis parallel to the sides <br/> formed of the claw The tree is grounded by rotating the excavation and carrying plate around the center, moving the claws on the side parallel to its axis from the side of the tree to the bottom, and lifting it when the tree comes to the excavation and carrying plate. A tree digging method characterized by digging from inside. 2. At least one excavating and supporting plate for excavating the ground and supporting trees, which is at least adjacent to each other.
An excavation / carrying machine is composed of a substantially flat quadrilateral- shaped excavating / carrying plate having claws for excavating on two sides and driving means for driving the excavating / carrying plate. The excavation and carrier machine is connected to the end of the arm of a self-propelled machine having a driven arm, and the excavation and carrier board is driven by the driving means for driving the arm and the excavator and carrier board.
Centering on each of the axes that are almost parallel to each side where the nail is formed
Trees digging up device, characterized in that by rotating the configuration of the drilling of the ground in so performed.