JPH08115113A - Tool weight detecting system for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To perform a tool exchange operation optimum for tool weight to be mounted concerning a machine tool provided with an automatic tool exchanger. CONSTITUTION: A weight data storage means 2 stores weight data, which are inputted by a data input means 1 due to a screen operation or the like, of respective tools to be set in the automatic tool exchanger. When a tool exchange is commanded by a working program or the like, based on the weight data of tools in the weight data storage means 2, a tool exchange control means 3 controls the operation of a turret 5 as the automatic tool exchanger of a machine tool 4. When the weight of one tool among the tools set on the turret 5 is more than prescribed weight set in advance, for example, the rotating speed of the turret 5 is controlled to be decelerated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool weight detection method for a machine tool having an automatic tool changer, and more particularly to a tool weight detection method for a machine tool which controls a tool change speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an automatic tool changer (ATC: automa) for automatically changing a tool attached to a spindle of a machine tool.
In tic tool changer), a plurality of tools required for work are set in advance, and the tool on the spindle is automatically replaced with the designated tool according to the machining state.

By the way, in a lathe and a machine tool exclusively for boring, a small automatic tool changer is provided. In this small-sized automatic tool changer, grips are provided at equal intervals on the circumference of the turret, and tools are attached to these grips. When exchanging tools, the turret is rotated so that the tool to be exchanged comes to the position of the spindle, and the desired tool is automatically removed from the turret and attached to the spindle.

[0004]

However, since the grip generally has a mechanism for holding the tool by spring pressure, when the tool is heavy, when the turret rotates and stops, the grip causes the grip to move from the grip. I'm worried about coming off. Therefore, conventionally, the weight of the tool attached to each grip is limited. Alternatively, some machine tools have mechanical specifications in which the rotational speed of the turret is operated at a lower speed (constant value) than usual so that there is no problem even if a tool having a weight exceeding this limit is attached.

However, in the low-speed machine specification, when only a tool having a weight within the limit is attached, the work efficiency is decreased. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tool weight detection method for a machine tool capable of performing a tool changing operation that is optimum for the weight of the attached tool.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, in a tool weight detection system for a machine tool having an automatic tool changer, the weight data of each tool set in the automatic tool changer is obtained. A tool weight detection method for a machine tool, comprising: weight data storage means for storing the tool weight; and tool change control means for controlling the operation of the automatic tool changer based on the weight data of the tool. .

[0007]

The weight data storage means stores the weight data of each tool set in the automatic tool changer. The tool change control means controls the operation of the automatic tool changer based on the weight data of the tool.

[0008]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the concept of the function of this embodiment.
The weight data storage means 2 stores the weight data of each tool set in the automatic tool changer, which is input by the data input means 1 by a screen operation or the like. The tool exchange control means 3 controls the operation of the turret 5 as the automatic tool exchange device of the machine tool 4 based on the weight data of the tool in the weight data storage means 2 when a tool exchange command is issued by a machining program or the like. . For example, when the weight of at least one of the tools set on the turret 5 is equal to or greater than a preset predetermined weight, the rotation speed of the turret 5 is controlled to a low speed.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the hardware of the numerical controller (CNC) of the present invention. The numerical controller is mainly composed of the processor 11. The processor 11 controls the entire numerical controller according to the system program stored in the ROM 12. This RO
EP12 or EEPROM is used for M12.

An SRAM or the like is used for the RAM 13, and temporary calculation data, display data, input / output signals, etc. are stored therein. For the non-volatile memory 14, a CMOS backed up by a battery (not shown) is used,
Parameters, machining programs, which should be retained even after power is turned off,
Tool correction data, pitch error correction data, etc. are stored. Further, the non-volatile memory 14 stores tool weight data, which will be described later, and the like.

The CRT / MDI unit 20 is arranged on the front surface of the numerical controller or at the same position as the machine operation panel.
Used to display data and graphics, input data, and operate numerical control equipment. The graphic control circuit 21 converts a digital signal such as numerical data and graphic data into a raster signal for display and sends the raster signal to the display device 22, and the display device 22 displays these numerical values and graphics. CR on the display device 22
A T or liquid crystal display device is used.

The keyboard 23 is composed of numerical keys, symbolic keys, character keys and function keys, and is used for creating and editing a machining program and operating the numerical control device. The software key 24 is provided below the display device 22, and its function is displayed on the display device. When the screen of the display device changes, the function of the software key changes corresponding to the displayed function.

The axis control circuit 15 receives the axis movement command from the processor 11, and outputs the axis movement command to the servo amplifier 16
Output to. The servo amplifier 16 amplifies this movement command and drives a servo motor coupled to the machine tool 30,
It controls the relative motion of the tool and the work of the machine tool 30. The axis control circuits 15 and the servo amplifiers 16 are provided by the number corresponding to the number of axes of the servo motor.

A PMC (Programmable Machine Controller) 18 is an M processor via a bus 19 from the processor 11.
Receives (auxiliary) function signal, S (spindle speed control) function signal, T (tool selection) function signal, and the like. Then, these signals are processed by a sequence program, and output signals are output, and pneumatic equipment, hydraulic equipment in the machine tool 30,
Controls electromagnetic actuators, etc. Also, the machine tool 30
In response to the signals from the machine control panel inside, such as button signals, switch signals and limit switches, sequence processing is performed,
The necessary input signals are transferred to the processor 11 via the bus 19.

In FIG. 2, the spindle motor control circuit, the spindle motor amplifier, etc. are omitted. In the above example, the number of processors 11 is one, but
It is also possible to use multiple processors in a multiprocessor configuration.

Next, the specific processing of the tool weight detection system of the machine tool of this embodiment will be described. Operation control of the turret (automatic tool changer) based on tool weight data
We start by entering and storing data about tools and turrets.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a concrete example of the tool file setting screen displayed on the display device 22. On the tool file setting screen 41, as shown in the figure, the tool number, tool name,
Data such as nominal diameter, material, and weight are keyed in by the operator.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a concrete example of the turret data setting screen displayed on the display device 22 as well. On the turret data setting screen 42, the operator inputs the tool numbers (11, 12, 13 ...) of the tools to be attached to the numbers (1, 2, 3 ...) Of the tool attachment parts of the turret. To be done.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, it is assumed that the turret 50 is provided with ten tool mounting portions T1 to T10 assigned numbers 1 to 10, for example. The total weight of the tools that can be attached to the turret 50 is 25 kg or less, and the maximum weight per tool is 3.0.
It shall be set to kg or less.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a tool weight data table generated based on each data input on the tool file setting screen 41 and the turret data setting screen 42. In the tool weight data table 61, tool number 1
The total of the tool weights of 1 to 20 is 24.7 kg, which is less than the total weight limit, so that no alarm is required. However, the weight of the tool number 20 of the tool mounting portion T10 is 3.1 kg, which is more than the limit weight. In this case, on the control side, when performing the tool changing operation, the turret 50 is rotated at a speed lower than usual. For example, the tool change time is usually 1
If it is set to take a second, it takes 1.4 seconds at low speed. As a result, there is no concern that the tool with the tool number 20 will fall off the tool mounting portion T10 while the turret 50 is rotating or is stopped.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second example of the tool weight data table. In this tool weight data table 71, each tool weight is 3.0 kg, which is less than the limit weight.
The total tool weight is 30.0 kg, which is equal to or more than the limit total weight. In such a case, the control side outputs an alarm and displays an alarm on the display screen.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third example of the tool weight data table. In the tool weight data table 81, the tools are mounted only on the tool mounting portions T1, T2, T3 having consecutive numbers, which are clearly biased. In this way, when the tool is biasedly mounted on the turret, the control side outputs an alarm and displays an alarm on the display screen.

The procedure for judging this bias is as follows:
First, it is determined whether or not the weights of the tool mounting portions facing each other are balanced. That is, in terms of the turret 50 of FIG. 5, the tool mounting portions T1 and T6, T2 and T7, T
The weight balance is judged for 3 and T8, T4 and T9, T5 and T10, respectively. For the weight balance between the tool mounting portions T1 and T6, the weight of the tool mounted on the tool mounting portion T1 is compared with the weight of the tool mounted on the tool mounting portion T6, and the absolute value of the difference between them is a reference value. If (eg, 500 g) or less, it is considered that the weight is balanced. Do the same for the other tool mounting parts.

In the tool weight data table 81 of FIG.
The absolute value of the weight difference between the tool mounting parts T1 and T6 is | 2.1k.
g-0 kg | = 2.1 kg> 500 g, and the weight balance is obviously poor. Similarly, | 2.2 kg-0 kg | = 2.1 kg> 500 g in the tool mounting portions T2 and T7, and | 2.2 kg-0 kg | = 2.
1kg> 500g, clearly unbalanced in weight.

As a result of judging the weight balance of the tool mounting portions facing each other as described above, when there are two or more groups which are not balanced in weight, the turret 50 on the control side.
It is judged that the weight is biased as a whole, an alarm is output,
The alarm is displayed on the display screen.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing the processing procedure on the processor 11 side for performing the tool weight detection of this embodiment. [S1] A variable i indicating a tool mounting portion number, a variable K indicating a tool overweight, and a variable X indicating a total tool weight are set to i = 1, K = 0, and X = 0, respectively. [S2] Y is the weight of the tool attached to the i-th tool attachment section.
And [S3] X = Y + X. [S4] It is determined whether Y ≦ 3.0 kg, and if not, the process proceeds to step S5, and if so, step S5.
Proceed to 6. [S5] K = 1 is set. [S6] Let i = 1 + i. [S7] It is determined whether i ≦ 10, and if so, the process returns to step S2, and if not, the process proceeds to step S8. [S8] It is determined whether or not X> 25.0 kg, and if so, the process proceeds to step S9, and if not, step S
Go to 10. [S9] An alarm is output to notify that the total tool weight on the turret is equal to or greater than the limit weight. [S10] It is confirmed whether the tool mounting state on the turret is uneven. [S11] If it is determined that there is a bias as a result of the confirmation, the process proceeds to step S12, and if not, the process proceeds to step S13. [S12] An alarm is output to notify that the tool mounting state on the turret is uneven. [S13] It is determined whether or not K = 1, and if so, the process proceeds to step S15, and if not, the process proceeds to step S14. [S14] The setting is stored so as to be performed at a normal speed when executing the tool change. [S15] The setting is stored so that the tool replacement is performed at a low speed.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing a processing procedure for confirming the imbalance of tool mounting in step S10 of FIG. [S21] The variable i indicating the tool mounting part number and the variable m indicating the deviation are set to i = 1 and m = 0, respectively. [S22] The weight of the tool mounted on the i-th tool mounting portion is A, and the weight of the tool mounted on the (i + 5) -th tool mounting portion is B. [S23] C = | AB | [S24] It is determined whether C is less than a preset reference value, and if so, the process proceeds to step S26, and if not, the process proceeds to step S25. [S25] Set m = m + 1. [S26] Set i = i + 1. [S27] It is determined whether i ≦ 5, and if so, the process returns to step S22, and if not, the process proceeds to step S28. [S28] It is determined whether or not m ≧ 2, and if so, the process proceeds to step S30, and if not, the process proceeds to step S29. [S29] It is determined that the mounting of the tool on the turret 50 is not uneven. [S30] It is determined that the mounting of the tool on the turret 50 is uneven.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the tool weight data table is provided, and when at least one of the tools mounted on the turret exceeds the limit weight, the tool change speed is automatically set to a low speed. Since it has been done, there is no concern that the tool will drop during the replacement work. Further, when all the tools with appropriate weights are mounted, the tools are exchanged at a normal speed, so that work efficiency does not decrease.

Further, in this embodiment, when the total tool weight on the turret exceeds the total limit weight, an alarm is output, so that an excessive load on the machine tool can be prevented. . In addition, instead of the alarm output,
The low speed operation setting may be performed.

Further, in this embodiment, when the tool weight distribution on the turret is biased, an alarm is output, so that an excessive load on the machine tool can be prevented more reliably. Also in this case, the low speed operation may be set instead of outputting the alarm.

In this embodiment, an example of a machine tool equipped with a turret as an automatic tool changer is shown, but the present invention can also be applied to a machine tool which carries a tool from a large magazine and replaces it. .

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, the weight data of each tool set in the automatic tool changer is stored and the operation of the automatic tool changer is controlled based on the weight data of the tool. Therefore, it is possible to perform a tool exchange operation that is optimum for the weight of the attached tool, and prevent the tool from dropping.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a concept of functions of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of hardware of a numerical controller (CNC) of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific example of a tool file setting screen displayed on a display device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific example of a turret data setting screen displayed on a display device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a turret.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a tool weight data table generated based on each data input on a tool file setting screen and a turret data setting screen.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second example of a tool weight data table.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third example of a tool weight data table.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure on the processor side for performing tool weight detection according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for confirming a bias in tool mounting.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Data Input Means 2 Weight Data Storage Means 3 Tool Change Control Means 4 Machine Tools 5 Turrets 11 Processors 12 ROM 13 RAM 14 Nonvolatile Memory 30 Machine Tools 50 Turrets

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A tool weight detection system for a machine tool having an automatic tool changer, wherein a weight data storage means for storing weight data of each tool set in the automatic tool changer, and a weight data storage means based on the weight data of the tool. And a tool change control means for controlling the operation of the automatic tool changer, and a tool weight detection system for a machine tool. 2. The tool change control means is at least one.
The tool of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein when the weight of each tool is equal to or more than a preset predetermined weight, the tool changing speed of the automatic tool changing device is controlled to a low speed. Weight detection method. 3. The tool change control means is at least 1.
The tool weight detection system for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein an alarm is output when the weight of each tool is equal to or greater than a preset predetermined weight. 4. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool exchange control means is configured to output an alarm when the total weight of the tools is equal to or more than a preset predetermined total weight. Machine tool weight detection method. 5. The tool change control means is configured to control the tool change speed of the automatic tool changer to a low speed when the total weight of the tool is equal to or more than a predetermined total weight set in advance. The tool weight detection system for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: 6. The tool change control means is configured to output an alarm when the weight distribution of the tools set in the automatic tool changer is biased. 1. A tool weight detection method for a machine tool according to 1. 7. The tool change control means is configured to control the tool change speed of the automatic tool changer to a low speed when the weight distribution of the tools set in the automatic tool changer is uneven. The tool weight detection system for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein