JPH09291642A - Modular material for building and construction and connection tool thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To almost eliminate processing works or connecting works on executing a structure and assemble an axial structure or a wall structure in a plane development. SOLUTION: Polygonal materials 10 in the plane form are modularized for building and construction uses. These polygonal materials 10 have side lengths of integer-multiples of the length module unit Ms and thicknesses of integer- multiples of the width module unit Mt. Respective sides are divided into three or more odd number N. And the materials are alternately provided with recessions 11 of the quotient obtained by division of the odd number N by two and protrusions 12 of the number added by one to the quotient. At least semi-cylindrical parts with a diameter as much as the thickness are formed outward in the protrusions 12. And axial parts 21 having a smaller diameter than that to fit a connecting tool, are formed at the recessions 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is a building or building material such as a material capable of constructing a three-dimensional shape or means for producing the material, which is characterized by being modularized.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a structure or a building that is temporarily installed, panels are combined to form various two-dimensional surfaces and three-dimensional shapes. However, even in that case, conventionally, there are not a few cases where a design is made each time, a material is processed to adapt it to the site, and it is assembled using a joining means such as welding, bonding or nailing.

For this reason, when finishing a three-dimensional structure, a lot of work is required for constructing the skeleton, temporary construction, interior / exterior construction, and facility construction.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its problem is to use as a material for construction and construction, processing such as cutting, welding, bonding, nailing. It is to make it possible to assemble various shaft structures, wall structures, etc. easily by flattening them out, almost eliminating the need for joining work.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the planar shape of the material is a polygon, and the material of the polygon has a length module Ms as a basic unit and has an integral multiple of sides. It has a length and a thickness that is an integral multiple of the thickness module Mt as a basic unit, and each side of the polygon is a partial load of an odd number N of 3 or more and an odd number N divided by 2. The quotient is the number of concave portions, and the number obtained by adding 1 to the quotient is the number of convex portions. The convex portions are located at both ends of the side, and the concave portions are arranged alternately between the convex portions. The part is formed with at least a semi-cylindrical part having the thickness as a diameter and protruding to the outside of the side part, and a shaft part having a small diameter and being concentric with the part is provided in the recess.

[0006] Further, they are composed of a pair of coupling members which can be coupled by sandwiching the shaft portions of adjacent materials from both sides, and it is desirable that they be integrated by fastening means such as bolts.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The building and building modular material according to the present invention is a material itself capable of constructing a three-dimensional shape, or a means for producing the material, for example, a concrete material for molding. Members such as molds are referred to.

[0008] Such a material 10 has an external dimension determined based on, for example, a module which is widely used internationally, and a module division (modular coordination) regarding means and structure for connection. It is modularized by doing. Modules that can be used include, for example, number patterns, EPA proposals, moduls, three-dimensional lattice systems, DIN, octameters, etc., but other modules can of course be used.

The material 10 according to the present invention has a polygonal plane shape, and the above module is introduced as a basic unit for determining the length and thickness of the side. The polygon is a triangle or more, and may be an equilateral or an isosceles polygon.

First, the length module Ms is used as a basic unit, and an integral multiple thereof is taken as the length of the side portion of the polygon. In addition, the thickness module Mt is used as a basic unit, and the integral multiple
The thickness of the side portion is 0. The length module Ms and the thickness module Mt do not have to have a particular relationship.

The polygonal material 10 is connected at each side,
Therefore, the side portion is divided into three or more odd-numbered N portions. Further, an odd number N of 3 or more is divided by 2, and the quotient is defined as the number of concave portions 11 provided on the side portion, and the number obtained by adding 1 to the quotient is defined as the number of convex portions 12, and the convex portion 12 is at both ends of one side. And the concave portions 11 are alternately arranged between them. By dividing the side portion into an odd number of 3 or more, it becomes possible to arrange the convex portions 12 at both ends of the side and the concave portion 11 between them.

Each of the protrusions 12 has a thickness determined based on the thickness module Mt as a basic unit and protrudes to the outside of the side portion.
The protrusion is formed in at least a semi-cylindrical shape having a diameter of the thickness. Further, a shaft portion 21 having a diameter smaller than the diameter is provided in the recess 11 concentrically with the center of the semi-cylindrical shape. Therefore, the shaft portion 21 provided in the semi-cylindrical convex portion 12 and the concave portion 11 is parallel to the side portion. When the shape is not a semi-cylindrical shape, the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 11 are concentric and have different outer diameters (see FIG. 3B).

A connector 30 for connecting and integrating polygonal materials at each side is attached to the shaft 21 (see FIG. 1). The coupling tool 30 is a polygonal material 1 that is adjacent to the coupling tool 30.
0 is connected between the respective shaft portions, and for this purpose, a structure having bearing portions attached to the respective shaft portions 21 of the adjacent material at both ends is used.

As described above, the material is required to be polygonal, but the present invention does not matter whether it is plate-shaped or frame-shaped. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a length module Ms based on an arbitrary module is defined as 1, and a planar shape of each material 10 composed of plural kinds of regular polygons having Ms = 1 as a common side length is overlapped. The illustrated embodiment is the one of the first embodiment. In the figure,
13 is a regular triangle, 14 is a regular tetragon, 15 is a regular pentagon, 16 is a regular hexagon, and 17 is a regular octagon.

FIG. 2 has the same length module Ms = 1 as that of the first embodiment of FIG. 1, but the thickness module Mt is set to 1 in the first embodiment, whereas in the embodiment of FIG. The thickness module Mt is set to 2. In each of the examples 1 and 2, each side is equally divided by an odd number 5, and the quotient 2 obtained by dividing the odd number 5 by 2 is added to the number of the concave portions 11 to obtain a quotient 2 and a number 3
Is assigned to the number of the convex portions 12, the convex portions 12 are arranged at both ends of the side portion, and the concave portions 11 are alternately arranged between them.

Since the thickness module Mt in Embodiment 2 is twice as large as that in Embodiment 1, the dimension of the convex portion 12 provided on the side portion with the thickness as the diameter is also doubled, and the concave portion 11 is formed. The depth from the tip of the convex portion is almost doubled. Recess 11
As for the shaft portion 21 provided on the
It is almost twice as large as the shaft portion 21 of the.

The third embodiment of FIG. 3 shows an example in which the regular quadrangular material 14 is multiplied by the length module Ms = 1, 2, 3, ... The material of this Example 3 is composed only of a frame having a cylindrical cross section, but the frame may have an inward protruding portion 18. In that case, the substantially cylindrical protrusion 12 is provided along the outer edge of the inward protrusion 18 (FIG. 3B).

The concave portion 11 and the convex portion 12 provided in the third embodiment.
The method of allocating is shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4A shows the length module Ms = 1,
(B) shows only the side portion of Ms = 2, and (c) shows only the side portion of Ms = 3, and the thickness module Mt is all 1. The odd numbers N dividing the sides are both 5, but FIG.
(Equal division), while (b) is twice as large as (a),
(C) is three times as large as (a). The convex portion 12 in FIG. 4A is shown in FIG. 4D as a Y1-Y1 cross section, and the concave portion 11 is shown in FIG. 4E as a Y2-Y2 cross section. For this thickness module Mt = 1, the thickness module Mt = 2
Of course, it is also possible, and an example thereof is as shown in FIG.

FIG. 5A shows the length module Ms = 1,
(B) shows only the side portion of Ms = 3, which corresponds to the side portion of FIG. Therefore, since Mt = 2, FIG.
As shown in (d), the semi-cylindrical convex portion 12 has a thickness having a diameter of Mt = 2, and is concentrically provided with a shaft portion having a diameter larger than that of the example of FIG.

There is no need to limit the division of the concave portion 11 and the convex portion 12 to the equal division as described above. For example, FIG. 6 (a)
Is a length module Ms = 1 and a thickness module Mt = 1
This is an example in which the side portion of the object is unevenly divided into 3 with an odd number, and the concave portion 11 is made particularly wide, and FIG.
An example in which the side of Mt = 1 is divided into 9 parts (N =
9), and the width of the recess 11 is wide in this example as well. FIG. 6C shows an example in which the sides are divided into three parts (N = 3) in the case of FIG. 5 in which the length module Ms = 1 and the thickness module Mt = 2, and FIG. 1, Mt
2 is an example in which the side portion of = 2 is divided into nine parts (N = 9), and the concave portion 11 is wide in each case.

As described above, the polygon is not limited to the equilateral polygon and may be an isosceles polygon. An example thereof is shown in FIG. FIG. 7A shows the base of Ms = 1 and Ms = 2.
(B) of a triangle 13 'composed of the right and left hypotenuses of Ms =
(C) of the trapezoidal quadrilateral 14 'composed of the upper side and the left and right hypotenuses of 1 and the bottom of Ms = 2, and (c) is the left and right side of Ms = 1 and M
Rectangular quadrilateral 14 ″ with s = 2 upper and lower sides
(D) is each example of a horizontally long hexagonal material 16 'composed of upper and lower oblique sides of Ms = 1 and upper and lower sides of Ms = 2.

Further, it is a matter of course that the inequilateral polygon is not limited to the above example as long as the length of a certain side has a length relationship with the length of another certain side by an integral multiple. By being able to combine and use the material 10 composed of unequal polygons, it is possible to construct a shape that cannot be dealt with only by equilateral polygons.

It does not matter whether the material according to the present invention is plate-shaped or frame-shaped. In this respect, as described above, an example of forming a plate-shaped material will be described, focusing on the advantage that a plate-shaped material is advantageous as a building or construction material. The example of FIG. 8 is an example in which inner members for forming a surface are attached to the inside of the frame-shaped material, and the thickness of each inner member is set to a thickness module Mt (or an integral multiple thereof) or less.

The inner member 22 in FIG. 8A is a heat insulating and sound absorbing material,
The inner member 23 in (b) is a mesh material. The inner member 24 of (c) is a planar material made of metal or the like, but other materials such as glass, various tiles, tatami mats, and canvas can be used according to the purpose such as indoor or exterior.

The inner member may be set to have a dimension larger than the thickness of the thickness module Mt (or an integral multiple thereof), an example of which is shown in FIG. The inner member 25 of FIG. 9A has an example in which the planar expansion is substantially the same as the outer shape of the material frame-shaped inward protruding portion 18,
The inner member 26 of (b) is also an example of substantially the same shape as the outer shape of the material, and the inner member 27 of (c) is composed of two members inside and outside, and the planar spread is the same as that of (2), but partly In this example, the enlarged portion 27 'is provided.

It is desirable that the connector 30 for integrally assembling the above materials modularized according to the present invention has the following structure. An example thereof is as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, and the coupling tool 30 of this example is a pair of coupling members 3 attached so as to sandwich the shaft portions 21 of adjacent materials from both sides of the material surface.
It has 1 and 32. Both members 31, 32 form bearing portions 33, 34 having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the shaft portion 21, and are integrated by fastening means 35 such as bolts. A nut may be used as the mating partner 36 with a threaded portion such as a bolt, or a female thread may be formed on either of the coupling members 31 and 32.

The coupling members 31 and 32 shown in FIG. 10 have a portion 37 protruding in parallel with the shaft portion 21, and the protruding portion 37 is accommodated between the convex portions 12 of the adjacent material and the space therebetween. Hold. Further, when the protruding portions 37, 37 are formed in a substantially V-shaped cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 12, they come into surface contact with the semi-cylindrical peripheral surface of the convex portion 21 and hold it from both sides. FIG.
Shows a cross section in the axial direction, but a member 38 for filling a gap that may occur there may be provided between adjacent materials, and in that case, the protruding portion 37 exerts a function of pressing the member 38 to be filled.

It is of course possible to bond materials of modules having different thicknesses to each other with such a coupling tool 30, an example of which is shown in FIG. FIG. 14 shows thickness modules Mt = 1 and M
It is an example of a connecting tool 30 for connecting the modularized materials 10 and 10 'of t = 2. This coupling tool 30 is also composed of a pair of coupling members 31 and 32, bearings 33 and 34 having diameters corresponding to the diameters of the shafts 21 and 21 'are formed on them, and they are integrated by fastening means in the same manner as described above. . Also, the protruding portion 37
Can be similarly provided.

The materials 10 according to the present invention joined by the above-mentioned joining tool 30 can have the following positional relationship. FIG. 15 shows an example in which the shaft 21-1 of one material 10-1 is centered and the other material 10-2 is arranged in the radial direction. In this case, the other material 10-2 is one material 10-
The relationship of 90 degrees to 270 degrees with respect to one surface of 180 degrees can be taken. FIG. 16 shows the other material 10-2 at a position maintaining a 90 ° relationship with the line connecting the two axes of the connector 30.
Shows the range that the material 10-2 can take with respect to one material 10-1 when the connector 30 is rotated while fixing the above. FIG. 17 shows a range that the other material 10-2 can take when the coupling tool 30 is fixed at an arbitrary position. The range that can be taken in both figures is approximately 180 degrees.

FIG. 18 shows four materials 10 in one connection.
-1 to 10-4 are connected, and FIG. 19 shows an example in which materials having different thicknesses can be connected to each other. FIG.
(A) is the same as FIG. 14, Mt = 1 and Mt = 2, (b) Mt = 1 and Mt = 4, (c) Mt = 2 and Mt = 4,
(D) is a combination of Mt = 4, both of which can be connected by the above-described connecting tool 30 and can have the positional relationship shown in FIGS. In addition, the structure of the coupling tool 30 is an example, and can take various forms other than that. However, in order to obtain a robust and lightweight material, it is necessary to form the shaft portion 21 by forming the concave portion 11 and the convex portion 12 of the frame portion of the material by drawing a metal plate and welding the pipe thereto. This is one method that can be adopted for.

FIG. 20 (a) shows a foldable connection of the materials 10 ... With a coupling tool 30, FIG. 20 (b) shows the extended state, and FIG. 20 (c) shows the straightened state. ing. The connectable material 10 is not limited to the same shape or a similar shape. FIG. 21 shows the example at random. FIG. 21 shows a regular triangular material 13, a regular quadrangular material 14, and a regular 5 which are composed of the same length module Ms = 1.
Regular 3 made up of square material 15 with twice its module
An example in which it is combined with a rectangular material 13 'is shown. The coupling tool 30 used to connect the respective materials 13, 14, 15, 13 ′ is shown without the protruding portion 37.

One of the advantages of the present invention is that in order to construct a three-dimensional shape using the modularized material 10 ... is there. This example is shown in FIG. 22, and five regular tetragonal materials 14 are attached by a coupling tool 30 around each side of the regular pentagonal material 15. Up to this point, it can be performed in a plane as shown in FIG. Then, the material 15 at the center is lifted to make it three-dimensional (c). When three-dimensional material is interposed between each four-dimensional material in the three-dimensional structure, the 11-sided body shown in FIG. 22 (a) is constructed. In addition, if the three-dimensional material is not used, a pentagonal column-shaped solid body can be constructed. it can.

The modularized material 10 ... According to the present invention is also used as a mold for molding as described above. This formwork can use spacing means 40, such as a foam tie, as the fastening means 35 that make up the fitting 30. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 23, two couplers 30 are screwed to both ends of the holding means 40 at a desired interval, and are fastened by a screwing partner 36, so that the concrete between the materials 10 and 10 is fixed. A space for casting can be formed.

[0036]

Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, it is possible to provide a modularized material for construction and construction. According to this material, processing such as cutting and welding and other This has the effect that almost no complicated joining work is required, and various shaft structures and complicated wall structures can be easily assembled by flattening.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a modularized material for construction and construction according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an example 2 in which the thickness module is different from the example 1.
FIG.

FIG. 3A is a plan view of the third embodiment in which the length module is multiplied by an integer. (B) The YY sectional view taken on the line of (a).

FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a length module and a thickness module. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows a module twice as long as (a). (C) Explanatory drawing which shows a module three times as long as (a). (D) The Y1-Y1 sectional view taken on the line of (a). (E) The Y2-Y2 sectional view taken on the line of (a).

5A is an explanatory view showing an example of a module having twice the thickness of FIG. 4A. FIG. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the module of twice the length of (a). (C) Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the module 3 times as long as (a). (D) The Y3-Y3 sectional view taken on the line of (a). (E) The Y4-Y4 sectional view taken on the line of (a).

FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a side part is divided into three unequal parts. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the example which divided the side part into 3 unequal parts. (C) Explanatory drawing which shows the example which divided the side part into 9 unequal parts. (D) Explanatory drawing which shows the example which divided the side part into 9 unequal parts.

FIG. 7A is a plan view of an isosceles triangle. (B) A plan view of a scalene quadrilateral. (C) A plan view of a scalene quadrilateral. (D) A plan view of a scalene hexagon.

FIG. 8A is a plan view of a material showing an example of an inner member having a thickness that can be accommodated in a thickness module. (B) The sectional view on the AA line of (a). (C) The top view of the material which shows the other example of an inner member. (D) (c) BB sectional drawing. (E) The top view of the material which shows the other example of an inner member. (F) The CC sectional view taken on the line of (e).

FIG. 9 (a) One of inner members having a thickness of a module or more
The top view of the material which shows an example. (B) A'-A 'sectional view taken on the line of (a). (C) The top view of the material which shows the other example of an inner member. (D) (c) B'-B 'sectional view taken on the line. (E) The top view of the material which shows the other example of an inner member. (F) C'-C 'sectional view taken on the line (e).

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an example of a coupling tool.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 10;

12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG.

13 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing another example of the coupling tool.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between one material and the other material.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between one material and the other material.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship of one material with the other material.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing the positional relationship of one material with the other material.

FIG. 19 (a) is an explanatory view showing an example of a combination of materials having different thickness modules. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a combination of materials with different thickness modules. (C) Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a combination of materials with different thickness modules. (D) Explanatory drawing showing an example of a combination of materials having the same thickness module.

FIG. 20 (a) is a side view of the folded material. (B) The side view in the middle of extending the same material. (C) A side view of the same material straightly extended.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory plan view showing a connection state of materials of various shapes.

FIG. 22 (a) is a plane development view of a material for constructing a three-dimensional shape. (B) GG line sectional drawing of (a). (C) Sectional drawing similar to (b) in a lifted state.

FIG. 23 is a side view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a mold having a separate function.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A building construction material such as a material capable of constructing a three-dimensional shape or a means for producing the material, wherein the material has a polygonal planar shape, and the polygonal material has a length of The module Ms has a basic unit as an integral multiple side length and the thickness module Mt as a basic unit as an integral multiple thickness, and each side of the polygon has an odd number N of 3 or more. And the quotient when the odd number N is divided by 2 is taken as the number of concave portions, and the number obtained by adding 1 to the quotient is taken as the number of convex portions. It is configured to be arranged alternately, and each convex portion is formed with at least a semi-cylindrical portion that protrudes outward of the side portion with the thickness as a diameter, and a small-diameter shaft portion is concentrically provided in the concave portion. A modular material for construction and construction that is characterized by 2. The modularized material for construction and construction according to claim 1, wherein the planar shape of the material is an equilateral polygon. 3. The modular material for construction and construction according to claim 1, wherein the planar shape of the material is an isosceles polygon. 4. The modular material for construction and construction according to claim 1, wherein the sides of the polygon are equally divided by an odd number N of 3 or more. 5. The modular material for construction and construction according to claim 1, wherein the sides of the polygon are unequally divided by an odd number N of 3 or more. 6. The modular material for construction and construction according to claim 1, wherein the polygonal material has a frame-like shape consisting of only side portions of the polygon. 7. The building and construction according to claim 1, wherein the polygonal material has a frame-like shape composed of only side portions of the polygon, and has a structure in which an inner member for closing a hollow portion in the frame is attached. Modular material. 8. The building / building modularization material according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the inner member is equal to or less than the thickness module Mt constituting the material to which the inner member is attached. 9. The building / building modularization material according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the inner member is equal to or larger than the thickness module Mt constituting the material to which the inner member is attached. 10. The construction and construction according to claim 1, wherein the frame portion including the concave portion and the convex portion of the material is formed by processing a metal plate, and the shaft portion is formed by welding a metal pipe material thereto. Modular material. 11. A polygon having a side length that is an integral multiple of the length module Ms as a basic unit and a thickness that is an integral multiple of the thickness module Mt as a basic unit,
Each side of the polygon is divided into parts of odd number N of 3 or more, and the quotient when the odd number N is divided by 2 is taken as the number of concave parts, and the number obtained by adding 1 to the number of convex parts is taken as the number of convex parts. In addition, the convex portions are located at both ends of the side and the concave portions are alternately arranged between the convex portions, and each protrusion has a semi-cylindrical shape protruding outward of the zero side with the thickness as the diameter. A coupling tool for coupling materials formed with a shaft portion having a small diameter and concentric with it in a recess, and comprising a pair of coupling members capable of sandwiching and coupling shaft portions of adjacent materials from both sides, such as a bolt A modular connecting tool for construction and construction, characterized by being integrated by the fastening means. 12. The construction and construction according to claim 11, wherein the pair of coupling members have a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the shaft portion of the adjacent material and have arcuate concave portions forming a bearing portion. A connector for modular materials. 13. The modularized construction and building material according to claim 11, wherein the pair of coupling members have projecting portions capable of defining the mutual positions of the materials by contacting the convex portions of the adjacent materials. Binding.