JPH10238448A - Self-running pumping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly activate a water turbine, used in a pumping machine for lifting water, at stable rise of revolving speed even upon a change in its head, while saving the setting and control of its start opening degree. SOLUTION: A pumping machine comprises an axial flow water turbine adapted to rotate through the action of flowing water, and a centrifugal turbopump. The water turbine has runner blades 1 each internally formed with a hollow flowing water passage 10, in which part of flowing water passes. The water inside the passages 10 is centrifugally discharged into a casing 20 arranged outside the blades 1 and is then taken out thereof as pressure water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid machine comprising an axial-flow turbine and a turbo-type centrifugal pump, and in particular, can extract pressurized water from a casing provided on the outer periphery of a runner blade without using external power. To a self-propelled pump.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A water pump (pump) is a machine for moving water (fluid) at a low position to a high position, and there are a conventional reciprocating water pump and a rotary water pump. Rotary pumps introduce water into the rotating blades, impart kinetic energy to the water by the centrifugal force of the blades, and convert the kinetic energy into pressure. It is a rotating machine that pushes up and moves it. In order to drive this rotary pump, it is necessary to drive and rotate the shaft of the impeller with a power machine such as an electric motor or a water wheel. FIG.
FIG. 8 shows an example of a rotary pump in which the shaft of the impeller of the pump 102 is driven via a coupling 101 by means of a zero. FIG. 1 shows an example of a rotary pump for driving a shaft.

[0003] Fig. 9 shows an example of a turbo centrifugal pump of the rotary pump described above with respect to an impeller (runner). Fig. 9A is a front view, and Fig. 9B is a view showing the same. It is a side view. The water turbine runner blade 120 is rotatably attached to the shaft 121, and the water turbine runner blade 120
When the water is pressed from the front of the water turbine, the water rotates around the shaft 121 and the water flows from the tapered outer peripheral end of the turbine runner blade 120 into the casing 122 provided around as shown by the arrow in the drawing. I do.

[0004] Water turbines are rotary machines that convert the energy of water into mechanical work, and are roughly classified into so-called impulse turbines and reaction turbines according to the difference in energy conversion system. The impulse turbine refers to a turbine having a structure in which running water in which a pressure head is changed to a velocity head acts on an impeller, and a Pelton turbine used at a place where the water volume is relatively small due to a high head (generally 200 to 1800 m). . On the other hand, a reaction turbine is a turbine having a structure in which running water having a pressure head acts on an impeller, and has a relatively wide head (generally 40 to 60).
0m) Francis turbine used for hydropower generation,
There are propeller turbines that are suitable for large heads with low head (generally 80 m or less).

FIG. 10 shows an example of the structure of a propeller turbine which is a type of reaction turbine, and such a propeller turbine is applied to an ultra-low head (5 m to 0.2 m). That is, FIG.
The propeller turbine is equipped with an impeller 131 and a stay vane 132 in a tube-shaped casing 130, and determines the difference between the inflow-side hydrostatic head and the outflow-side hydrostatic head of water flowing through the tube-shaped casing 130. The rotational energy is obtained by acting on the blade surface of the impeller 131 as the energy of the position, and is suitable for use of an ultra-low head. Water from the running water side is stay vane 1
32 causes a swirling flow, which acts on the blade surface and causes the impeller 1
After applying a rotational force to the water 31, water is discharged (drained) from the outflow side. The blades of the impeller 131 are wide and thin so as to receive the flow of water over the entire surface.

[0006]

Conventionally, when the shaft of the above-mentioned pump is driven to rotate by a water wheel, a water pipe introduced into the water wheel and a water pipe of the pump are separated and connected so as not to hinder each operation. Since it is necessary to directly connect a shaft or the like via a member, the structure is extremely complicated. In particular, in the case of a water turbine having an extremely low head, the pump is also installed in the water, which makes it practically impossible. Therefore, when pumping water directly from a natural river or the like, a method of driving the pump with an electric motor, an engine (an internal combustion engine), or the like is usually adopted. However, in many cases, there is no power distribution line near the river, and in the case of an engine, the pump is installed and used because of the fuel supply and the effect of the engine noise and exhaust gas on the environment. Was often difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled pump that efficiently uses flowing water energy without requiring an external driving force such as an electric motor. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a self-propelled pump capable of pumping water from a low position such as a river to a high position.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a self-propelled water pump for moving water at a low position to a high position, and an object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow turbine rotating by the action of flowing water and a turbine. And a hollow centrifugal pump, and a hollow flow passage provided inside the runner blade attached to the axial flow turbine so that a part of the running water can pass therethrough. This is achieved by allowing centrifugal discharge of water from the water channel into the provided casing, so that pressurized water can be removed from the casing.

[0009]

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a self-propelled pump according to the present invention as a sectional view taken on a plane parallel to a rotation axis.
The water turbine runner blade 1, which is a structure that forms a main part of the present invention,
A rotatable main shaft 3 inside a pipe-shaped tube body 2 through which running water flows.
And the cross-sectional structure taken along line XX 'is as shown in FIG. Turbine runner blade 1 is main shaft 3
The support portion 5 is provided on the inflow side of the main shaft 3 through an inflow side stay vane 4 fixed to the inner wall of the tube body 2, and a pipe is provided on the outflow side of the main shaft 3. A support portion 7 is provided via an outflow side stay vane 6 fixed to the inner wall of the body 2. Both ends of the main shaft 3 are supported by bearings embedded in the support portions 5 and 7, respectively, so that the main shaft 3 can rotate freely. The inflow-side stay vane 4 gives a swirling flow to the flowing water from the inlet 8,
The swirling water flow is pressed against the surface of the turbine runner blade 1. Further, a hollow water passage 10 is provided radially outward in the inside of the turbine runner blade 1, and the diameter of the water passage 10 gradually narrows outward so that a large water pressure is obtained. It has become. The inflow port 11 of the flowing water channel 10 has a long shape near the main shaft 3,
And it is provided so as to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft 3. FIG. 3 shows the cross-sectional shape of the flowing water channel 10 of the turbine runner blade 1 along the flow lines in FIG.

A spiral casing 20 is provided around the outer periphery of the tube body 2 corresponding to the water turbine runner blade 1. The rotation of the water turbine runner blade 1 causes the casing 20 to be centrifugally led out through each flowing water passage 10. The water flow is collected from the outlet 12 and the pressurized water can be taken out from the pumping outlet 21.

In such a structure, the flowing water enters through the inlet 8 of the tube body 2 and becomes a swirling flow due to the rotating action of the stay vane 4, and the swirling water flow acts on the blades of the turbine runner blade 1 to cause the runner blade 1 to move. It is rotated about the main shaft 3.
Most of the water flow A acts on the turbine runner blade 1 to travel in the direction A ', and flows out of the outlet 9 to the outside. However, a part of the flowing water B is supplied to the inlet 1 of the flowing water channel 10 in the turbine runner blade 1.
1, and inside the water channel 10, the turbine runner blade 1
The kinetic energy is given by the centrifugal force in the B ′ direction based on the rotation of the water, and the kinetic energy flows out of the outlet 12 at the tip into the pumping spiral casing 20 and can be taken out from the pumping outlet 21 as pressure water.

Although the bottom (inside) of the casing 20 is hollow, the bottom is tightly engaged with the tip (outflow port 12) of the water turbine runner blade 1 to prevent water or pressure. There is no leakage.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2, in which an inlet 11 of a water channel 10 is provided so as to be parallel to the main shaft 3. Such an inlet 11
Similarly, it is possible to realize the inflow of water and the derivation to casing.

[0014]

As described above, when the self-propelled pump according to the present invention is used, the water turbine runner blades rotate based on the water flow, and the water entering the water channel in the water turbine runner blades is centrifuged. Since it is derived, water can be pumped without the need for external power. In other words, the pump can self-propelled by the power of flowing water, and can pump water from a low position to a high position.

FIG. 5 shows a case where the self-propelled water pump according to the present invention is inserted into a river via a float, and pumping is obtained from a pump discharge port using natural flowing water of the river. FIG. 6 shows a case where a relatively large head H can be obtained to some extent, and a case where a self-propelled water pump that uses running water to introduce water through a pipe and obtain water from a pump outlet is used. Thus, the self-propelled pump of the present invention
The usage effect is great over a wide range of usage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional structural view showing a structural example of a self-propelled pump according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional structural view of a plane perpendicular to an axis taken along line XX ′ of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view showing a hollow structure of a blade of the self-propelled pump.

FIG. 4 is a sectional structural view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a state where the self-propelled pump according to the present invention is installed in a river.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of installation of a self-propelled pump used in the middle of a waterway having a head;

FIG. 7 is an external view of a typical rotary pump having a pump driven by an electric motor.

FIG. 8 is a partial sectional structural view of a rotary pump having a pump driven by a Francis turbine.

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram showing a structural example of a turbo centrifugal pump.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a propeller turbine used for an ultra-low head.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Turbine runner blade 2 Tube trunk 3 Main shaft 4 Inflow-side stay vane 5 Inflow-side support part 6 Outflow-side stay vane 7 Outflow-side support part 8 Inflow port 9 Outflow port 10 Flowing water channel 20 Pumping spiral casing

Claims (3)

[Claims] An axial flow turbine which is rotated by the action of flowing water;
A centrifugal pump of a turbo type, wherein a hollow water passage is provided inside a runner blade attached to the axial flow turbine so that a part of the running water can pass therethrough; A self-propelled pump in which pressurized water can be taken out of the casing by centrifugally discharging water in the flowing water channel into a casing provided on an outer periphery. 2. The self-propelled pump according to claim 1, wherein an inlet of the water channel is provided at right angles to a rotation axis of the axial-flow turbine. 3. The self-propelled pump according to claim 1, wherein an inlet of the water channel is provided in a direction parallel to a rotation axis of the axial flow turbine.