JPH11294438A - Anti-vibration washers - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: A vibration preventing washer for preventing vibration of a fixed member fastened by a fastening member is provided. SOLUTION: An outer peripheral surface 13b is formed in a ring shape whose diameter can be reduced.
Is a tapered surface, and when the diameter is reduced, a locking claw 13f formed on the inner surface of the shaft hole 13a tightens the bolt 5 so that the inner ring 13 cannot move in the axial direction, and a tapered hole into which the inner ring 13 fits. The outer plate 12 has an end surface 12d on the small diameter end side of the tapered hole 12b as a contact surface with the column 1, and reduces the diameter of the inner ring 13 when the column 1 is displaced in the axial direction of the bolt 5. And the outer plate 12
And a disc spring 14 which is contracted between the large-diameter end side of the inner ring 13 and the large-diameter end side end face 13c of the inner ring 13 to lightly press the inner ring 13 against the tapered hole 12b to prevent the column 1 from vibrating.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a washer for preventing vibration of a fastening member from being loosened when vibration is applied to a fixed member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a wooden building, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a pillar 1 and a beam 2 are fixed by a blade bolt 3 to prevent vibration. That is, a board 4 of a blade bolt 3 serving as a fastening member is fixed to a beam 2 serving as a fixing member, a bolt 5 is passed through a hole 1 a formed in a pillar 1 serving as a fixed member, and a nut 7 is provided via a washer 6. Tighten the pillar 1
And the beam 2 are firmly fixed to prevent the column 1 from vibrating when it shakes due to an earthquake or the like so that the column 1 and the beam 2 do not come off.

[0003]

In a wooden building, it is preferable to use a wood that has been sufficiently withered. However, using such a wood increases the construction cost and inevitably makes it dry. I have to use. For this reason, shrinkage of the tree caused by drying, pressure, etc. of the tree over the years after construction, that is, the tree becomes thin and the pillar 1 becomes 2
It becomes thin as shown by the dotted line. When the column 1 becomes thinner in this manner, the nut 7 tightened to the bolt 5 is loosened, and not only has the problem that the column 1 vibrates due to shaking due to an earthquake or the like, or vibration due to the passage of a vehicle, etc. Vibration resistance is significantly reduced.

[0004] In particular, in a structure in which large-diameter round materials are stacked in multiple stages, such as a log house, the width of the thin trees is large because the load is applied in addition to the thin trees in each stage, and the loosening of the through bolts Therefore, it is necessary to tighten a fixing nut to be screwed to the through bolt every year, which is very troublesome. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide a vibration preventing washer which prevents vibration when vibration is applied to a fixed member fastened by a fastening member. And

[0005]

According to the present invention, in order to attain the above object, according to the present invention, a ring-shaped member whose diameter can be reduced is formed to have a tapered outer peripheral surface. The inner surface of the inner ring has an inner ring that is made to be immovable in the axial direction by tightening a shaft member passing through the shaft hole, and a tapered hole into which the inner ring is fitted, and an end face of the tapered hole on the small diameter end side is covered. An outer plate that is brought into contact with a fixed member and reduces the diameter of the inner ring when the fixed member is displaced in the axial direction; a large-diameter end side of the outer plate and a large-diameter end side end surface of the inner ring And an elastic member which is contracted between the inner ring and the inner ring to lightly press the inner ring against the tapered hole.

The outer plate is displaced in the axial direction together with the fixed member when the fixed member is displaced in the axial direction,
Since the inner ring is lightly pressed against the tapered hole of the outer plate by the elastic member, the diameter of the inner ring is reduced by the tapered hole when the outer plate is displaced in the axial direction. When the inner ring is reduced in diameter, the inner surface of the shaft hole tightens a shaft member passing through the shaft hole, thereby preventing the inner ring from moving in the axial direction. By preventing the inner ring from moving in the axial direction, the outer plate is prevented from moving in the axial direction. Thereby, the vibration of the fixed member is prevented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the outer plate is fixed to the fixed member, and is displaced in the axial direction as the fixed member contracts. When the outer plate is fixed to the fixed member, the entire washer for preventing vibration is displaced in the axial direction of the shaft member together with the contraction of the fixed member. Thereby, a good vibration prevention effect can be obtained even when the fixed member has a large contraction width.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a vibration preventing washer according to the present invention, and FIG.
2 shows a partially cutaway bottom view of FIG. 1 and 2, an anti-vibration washer (hereinafter simply referred to as "washer") 11
Consists of an outer plate 12, an inner ring 13, and a disc spring 14 as an elastic member. Outer plate 1
2 has a ring shape, and a hole 12a having a large diameter and a hole 12b having a diameter smaller than the hole 12a are formed concentrically at the center. The large-diameter hole 12a is a shallow hole for accommodating the disc spring 14, and is provided to be open at the end face (lower face) 12c. The small-diameter hole 12b is a tapered hole (hereinafter, referred to as a “tapered hole 12b”) whose inner surface is tapered in a tapered shape from a step surface with the hole 12a toward an end surface (upper surface) 12d. A hole 12f is formed in the outer peripheral edge of the outer plate 12.
Are drilled at a plurality of locations along the circumferential direction, for example, two locations. The hole 12f is a nail hole for fixing the outer plate 12 to wood as a member to be fixed.

The outer plate 1 is replaced with the nail hole 12f.
2, a plurality of locking claws projecting substantially perpendicularly from the end face 12d;
For example, two pieces may be formed integrally, and these locking claws may be driven into wood to fix the outer plate 12. By forming the locking claws integrally with the outer plate 12 in this manner, the number of parts and the cost are reduced, and the usability is improved. The outer shape of the outer plate 12 is not limited to a circular shape as described above, and may be a polygonal shape.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the outer peripheral surface 13b of the inner ring 13 has a tapered hole 1 in the outer plate 12. As shown in FIG.
2b, a slit 13e penetrating from a large-diameter end surface (lower surface) 13c to a small-diameter end surface (upper surface) 13d is provided on a side portion to form a truncated conical C-ring. ing. A plurality of locking claws 13f are formed in an annular shape on the inner surface of the bolt hole 13a as a shaft hole of the inner ring 13. These locking claws 13f have sawtooth sections whose cross-sectional shape is tapered from the small-diameter end face 13d side to the large-diameter end face 13c side (the tip protrudes obliquely downward in the center direction of the bolt hole 13a). It is in a state. Accordingly, when the inner ring 13 is reduced in diameter and moves (displaces) from the small-diameter end surface 13d toward the large-diameter end surface 13c (downward in the drawing), the surface of the bolt through which each locking claw 13f passes through the bolt hole 13a. It becomes possible to dig into. Moreover, the locking claw 13f does not bite into the bolt when the bolt moves in the insertion direction (movement from the large-diameter end side to the small-diameter end side with respect to the bolt), and therefore, the inner ring 13 is And the bolt can be moved in the insertion direction.

In the bolt hole 13a of the inner ring 13, the inner diameter of the locking claw 13f is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the bolt.
When the diameter of the bolt 3 is slightly reduced, each locking claw 13f immediately cuts into the surface of the shaft portion or screw portion of the bolt (when the locking claw 13f faces the screw portion). .
In addition, it is preferable that the pitch of the locking claws 13f is small, because the locking claw 13f can bite into the bolt at many places and the locking force increases.

Further, each of the locking claws 13f may be formed in a helical shape instead of a complete annular shape as described above. In this case, a helical (left-handed screw) opposite to the screw portion (right-handed screw) of the bolt is used. ). Thereby, when the bolt is inserted into the bolt hole 13a of the inner ring 13, when the locking claw 13f is located at the screw portion, the locking claw 13f can cross the thread of the screw portion, and the locking force can be obtained. Is prevented from decreasing. When the locking claws are formed in a spiral shape as described above, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Incidentally, the inner ring 13 has a locking claw 1 on its inner surface.
It is not necessary to provide 3f, and even if the inner surface is a smooth surface, the thread of the bolt bites into the inner surface when the diameter is reduced, or even if the shaft portion is a reduced diameter, the shaft portion is strongly tightened by the reduced diameter. Thus, substantially the same effects as described above can be obtained. When the locking claw 13f is not formed, the cost of the inner ring 13 is further reduced.

The height (plate thickness) of the outer plate 12 and the inner ring 13 is about several mm (for example, 5 mm), and the height (plate thickness) of the inner ring 13 is
The outer ring 12 is formed (thin) lower by a height h (for example, about 1 mm) slightly smaller than the depth of the tapered hole 12b. The height h may be set to an appropriate size depending on the hardness of the target fixed member. In the case of a soft member such as wood, the height h is set to about 1 mm as described above.
0.1 mm to 0.5 mm for hard members such as metal members
A degree is enough. Further, the inner ring 13 is formed to have a small thickness so that the diameter can be reduced. The outer plate 12 and the inner ring 13 are formed of an iron member.

The outer plate 12 has a tapered hole 12b.
May be set to an appropriate angle. However, it is preferable that the taper angle of the tapered hole 12b be small in order to form the inner ring 13 thin. Further, the taper angle of the locking claw 13f of the inner ring 13 may be appropriately set. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the disc spring 14 as an elastic member connects the inner ring 13 to the outer plate 12.
The outer ring 12 is housed in the hole 12a of the outer ring 12, the inner peripheral edge 14a abuts against the large-diameter end face 13c of the inner ring 13, and the bolt is inserted into the center hole 14b. It is possible to play.
The disc spring 14 only needs to lightly press the inner ring 13 against the tapered hole 12b of the outer plate 12, and does not require a strong spring force.

After the inner ring 13 is housed in the tapered hole 12b and the disc spring 14 is housed in the hole 12a, the caulking portion 12 for locking is formed on the peripheral edge.
e in the circumferential direction, for example, four
3. The deviation of the disc spring 14 is prevented. In this state, the outer peripheral edge of the disc spring 14 is pressed against each caulking portion 12e, and the inner peripheral edge 14a is the large-diameter end surface 1 of the inner ring 13.
3c, the inner ring 13 is pressed against the tapered hole 12b.

It should be noted that an annular disc spring 27 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 may be used in place of the normal disc spring 14. This disc spring 27 is provided with a plurality of notches 27c, for example, at six locations at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction concentrically with the peripheral edge 27b of the hole 27a, and bends each peripheral edge 27b to one side. Thus, a spring portion (hereinafter, referred to as “spring portion 27b”) is formed. With such a shape, the spring portion 27b can be lengthened. This disc spring 27
Are stored in the holes 12 a of the outer plate 12, and the leading end of each spring portion 27 b is
c, and the outer peripheral edge of the end face 27d is pressed against each caulking portion 12e of the hole 12a of the outer plate 12, and presses the inner ring 13 against the tapered hole 12b.

The operation will be described below. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, a bolt 5 as a fastening member penetrating the hole 1 a of the column 1 as a fixed member,
The end face (the end face on the small diameter end side of the tapered hole 12 a) 12 d of the outer plate 12 is attached so as to abut the side surface 1 b of the pillar 1, and the bolt 5 is inserted into the bolt hole 13 a of the inner ring 13. At this time, the bolt 5 has a bolt hole 13
Lightly abut or oppose each locking claw 13f of FIG.

Next, each nail hole 12f of the outer plate 12
The nail 16 is driven into the pillar 1 through the through hole, and the outer plate 12 is fixed to the pillar 1. End face 12 of outer plate 12
In a state in which d is in contact with and fixed to the side surface 1b of the column 1, the inner ring 13 is pushed into the tapered hole 12b of the outer plate 12 by the spring force of the disc spring 14 as shown in FIG. They face each other with a slight gap substantially corresponding to the height difference h. Then
The nut 8 is screwed into the bolt 5 and tightened. Nut 8
Has a larger diameter than the hole 12a of the outer plate 12, and is pressed against the peripheral portion of the hole 12a. This allows
The nut 8 prevents the disc spring 14 housed in the hole 12a of the outer plate 12 from being pressed. The nut 8 is for removing the play in the axial direction of the bolt 5 when attaching the vibration preventing washer 11 to the bolt 5. That is, by tightening the nut 8, the bolt 5 is pulled toward the user, and the axial play is removed. Thereby, the vibration preventing washer 11 can be securely attached to the bolt 5. Therefore, the nut 8 is not particularly required after the vibration preventing washer 11 is mounted on the bolt 5.

When the outer diameter of the nut 8 is smaller than the hole 12a, the nut 8 may be tightened through a flat washer or the like having a larger diameter than the hole 12a. The nail 16 for fixing the outer plate 12 to the pillar 1 may be a normal nail, a screw nail, or a screw instead of the nail. In the outer plate 12, the holes 12
Although a is provided and fixed with a nail, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of, for example, two locking claws are formed on the end surface 12d on the side that comes into contact with the side surface 1b of the pillar 1 by cutting and raising, and the like. Alternatively, these locking claws may be driven into the side surface 1 b of the column 1 to fix the outer plate 12 to the column 1.
By integrally forming a plurality of locking claws on the outer plate 12 as described above, the number of parts can be reduced, the work efficiency can be improved, and the like.

Further, depending on the member to be fixed, a push nut may be used instead of the nut 8. Since the push nut is prevented from deviating by the plurality of elastic locking claws, a simple round bar having no screw portion can be used instead of the bolt as the shaft member serving as the connecting member, and the cost is reduced. And the workability is greatly improved. In some cases, only the washer 11 for preventing vibration may be used without using a nut or a push nut, so that the cost can be further reduced.

The pillar 1 is thin due to aging, and the side 1b is 2
When the retreat is performed as shown by the dashed line, the washer 11 for vibration prevention moves together with the column 1 as shown by the two-dot chain line. That is, the vibration preventing washer 11 moves together with the pillar. The inner ring 13 moves in accordance with the movement of the outer plate 12 because the locking claw 13f is formed so as to be movable in the direction of inserting the bolt 5 (the direction of the pillar 1).
Thereby, the washer 11 for vibration prevention can maintain the fastening with the pillar 1 even when the lean width of the pillar 1 is large. Therefore, the vibration preventing washer 11 is extremely effective particularly for a building such as a log house having a large thin wooden width.

Now, it is assumed that the column 1 is shaken in the direction of arrow A by an earthquake, vibration, or the like. The outer plate 12 is pushed in the direction of arrow A as the column 1 swings. Meanwhile, inner ring 1
3 is not pushed by the column 1 because the upper surface 13d faces the side surface 1a of the column 1 with a gap h, and is pressed against the outer plate 12 by the disc spring 14. As a result, when the outer plate 12 is pressed in the direction of arrow A, the tapered hole 12 b instantly tightens the tapered outer peripheral surface 13 b of the inner ring 13.

The inner ring 13 has a slit 13 on its side.
The diameter is reduced by forming e. Inner ring 1
When the diameter is reduced, each locking claw 13f bites into the surface (crest) of the screw portion 5b of the bolt 5, and is locked at that position, so that movement in the direction of arrow A is prevented. Accordingly, the column 1 is prevented from swinging (vibrating) in the direction of arrow A, and the connection with the beam is maintained. Therefore, as described above, there is no problem even if the vibration preventing washer 11 moves together with the pillar 1 in accordance with the thinning of the pillar 1 to form a gap between the lower surface 12c of the outer plate 12 and the nut 8.

The inner ring 13 has a locking claw 13f formed in an annular shape (or a left-handed screw shape) so that the inner claw 13f does not engage with the screw portion (right-handed screw) 5b of the bolt 5.
It can surely bite into the surface (mountain) of b. Of course, the locking claw 13f bites into the shaft 5a when located at the shaft 5a of the bolt 5. Also, bolt 5
Is preferably a so-called thick bolt having the same outer diameter as the shaft portion 5a and the screw portion 5b. When the bolt 5 is thick, when the inner ring 13 is mounted on the shaft 5a of the bolt 5, there is almost no gap between the locking claw 13f and the surface of the shaft 5a. When the diameter is slightly reduced, the locking claw 13f is
In addition to being able to bite into the surface of a, it is possible to bite firmly.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the anti-vibration washers 11 and 21 may be used in a two-tiered manner. In FIG. 5, a vibration preventing washer 21 has a configuration in which a coil spring 24 is used instead of the disc spring 14 of the vibration preventing washer 11, and the other configuration is that of the vibration preventing washer 1.
1 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the members corresponding to the members of the vibration preventing washer 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description is omitted.

The outer diameter of the outer plate 22 of the anti-vibration washer 21 is made larger than the hole 12a of the outer plate 12 of the anti-vibration washer 11, similarly to the nut 8 (FIG. 4). It is formed so as to contact the peripheral portion. The outer plate 12 of the washer 11 for preventing vibration is not fixed to the column 1. The anti-vibration washer 21 is interposed between the anti-vibration washer 11 and a nut 25 screwed to the bolt 5, and the end face 22d of the outer plate 22 is
The coil spring 24 is contracted between the nut 25 and the large-diameter end face 23 d of the inner ring 23 in contact with the inner ring 23.

The operation is the same as that of the above-described vibration preventing washer 11, and a description thereof will be omitted. The use of the vibration-preventing washers 11 and 21 in this manner greatly increases the locking force with respect to the bolt 5, and is extremely effective particularly for large structures. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a vibration preventing washer according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. The members corresponding to the respective members of the vibration washer 11 shown in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the corresponding reference numerals. A vibration preventing washer (hereinafter simply referred to as “washer”) 31 includes an outer plate 32, an inner ring 33, and a disc spring 27.
And a coil spring 34. Outer plate 3
2 has a ring shape, and a tapered hole 32b is provided at an end face 3 at the center.
The coil spring 3 is formed outside the tapered hole 32b so as to reduce the diameter from the side 2c toward the end face 32d.
The locking claw 32e for locking the lock 4 is cut and raised toward the end face 32c. The locking claws 32e are formed at three locations at equal intervals on a concentric circle along the circumferential direction. The hole 32f connected to the locking claw 32e is provided with the locking claw 3e.
2e can be formed. This hole 32f
Can be used as nail holes. Further, by forming only the tapered hole 32b in the outer plate 32, the processing is facilitated, and the cost is reduced.

The thickness of the inner ring 33 is slightly smaller than the thickness of the outer plate 32, and is accommodated in the tapered hole 32b. The disc spring 27 is disposed on the end face 32c side of the outer plate 32, and
The tips of b are in contact with the large-diameter end faces 33c of the inner rings 33, respectively, and press the inner rings 33 against the tapered holes 32b. One end of the coil spring 34 is arranged in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the disc spring 27, and is locked and held by each locking claw 32 e of the outer plate 32.

The anti-vibration washer 31 is used similarly to the anti-vibration washer 11 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. That is, the vibration preventing washer 31
The end face 32d of the outer plate 32 is in contact with the side surface of the column, is fixed with a nail 16 through a hole 32f, and a bolt for fixing the column is penetrated by the inner ring 33, the disc spring 27 and the coil spring 34. The nut is screwed into the coil spring 34, and the coil spring 34 is compressed and mounted on the column.

In each of the above embodiments, the inner ring has a C-ring shape in which a slit is formed in the side of the frustoconical ring in the axial direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be a split type. However, it is preferable that the inner ring be a C-ring shape rather than a split type in terms of reduction in the number of parts and usability.

Further, in the above embodiment, the outer plate, the inner ring and the like are formed of an iron member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the outer plate and the inner ring may be formed of another member such as a hard resin member depending on the object to be used. Is also good. Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the vibration preventing washer is applied to a bolt for fastening wood pieces is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a foundation bolt for fixing a base to a cloth foundation, a vehicle, etc. It is needless to say that the present invention can be applied as a vibration preventing device in a fastening portion or the like or as a fixing member for preventing vibration of furniture.

[0033]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface has a tapered surface in the form of a ring whose diameter can be reduced, and the inner surface of the shaft hole passes through the shaft hole when the diameter is reduced. An inner ring that is immobilized in the axial direction by tightening the shaft member, and a tapered hole into which the inner ring fits, and an end surface on the small diameter end side of the tapered hole is brought into contact with the fixed member, and An outer plate that reduces the diameter of the inner ring when the fixed member is displaced in the axial direction; and an inner plate that is contracted between a large-diameter end side of the outer plate and a large-diameter end side end surface of the inner ring. Since the ring is constituted by the elastic member that presses lightly into the tapered hole, it is possible to extremely effectively prevent the vibration of the fixed member with a simple structure. In addition, by integrating the inner ring and the elastic member into the outer plate,
Usability is improved and workability is greatly improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the outer plate is fixed to the fixed member, the entire washer for preventing vibration is displaced in the axial direction of the shaft member together with the contraction of the fixed member. Even when the shrinkage width of the member is large, a good vibration prevention effect can be obtained. Therefore, it is extremely effective for a building having a large width of a thin tree such as a log house.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a vibration preventing washer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway bottom view of the vibration preventing washer of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an inner ring of the vibration preventing washer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a use state of the vibration preventing washer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another use state of the vibration preventing washer according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the disc spring.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the disc spring of FIG. 6 taken along the line VII-VII.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a vibration preventing washer according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating fastening of wood pieces by a conventional bolt, which is a fastening member.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Column (fixed member) 2 Beam (fixed member) 5 Bolt 7 Nut 11, 21, 31 Vibration prevention washer 12, 22, 32 Outer plate 12b, 22b, 32b Tapered hole 13, 23, 33 Inner ring 14, 27 Disc spring (elastic member) 24, 34 Coil spring

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An outer peripheral surface having a ring shape capable of reducing the diameter is tapered, and when the diameter is reduced, the inner surface of the shaft hole is tightened by a shaft member inserted through the shaft hole so as to be immovable in the axial direction. An inner ring, having a tapered hole into which the inner ring is fitted, wherein the end surface of the tapered hole on the small diameter end side is brought into contact with the fixed member and the fixed member is displaced in the axial direction. An outer plate that reduces the diameter of the inner ring; and an elastic member that is contracted between a large-diameter end side of the outer plate and a large-diameter end side end surface of the inner ring and lightly presses the inner ring against the tapered hole. A washer for preventing vibration. 2. The vibration washer according to claim 1, wherein the outer plate is fixed to the fixed member, and is displaced in the axial direction as the fixed member contracts.