JPS61228603A - Lifting magnet and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Lifting magnet (solenoid mechanism) with a frame-shaped yoke (1') forming the magnetic return to the armature and a winding carrier (8) incorporated within the yoke (1') and carrying the exciter winding (7), in which winding carrier (8) is located the axially movable armature (6), wherein an armature antipole (3) arranged at the bottom (2') of the yoke element (1') partially engages in the winding carrier (8), said yoke (1') being designed as a single-piece magnet frame (14) and formed as a punched and bent element from a plate blank, the angled ends (15) of which magnet frame (14) are provided with semi-circular recesses (16) which engage around the collar (10) of the winding carrier (8), characterized in that on the inward faces of the angled ends (15) of the magnetic frame (14) are located retaining lugs (17) which engage with corresponding recesses (18) formed in the top flange (9) of the winding carrier (8) when the side portions of the magnet frame are bent over the previously inserted winding carrier (8).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a frame-shaped yoke forming a magnetic return path for a movable element, and a frame-shaped yoke inserted into the yoke to support a field winding. A movable element movable in the axial direction is guided within the frame-shaped yoke, and the movable element/counter electrode disposed at the bottom of the yoke portion partially protrudes into the frame-shaped yoke. This invention relates to lifting magnets of this type and methods of manufacturing lifting magnets.

PRIOR ART Lifting magnets of this kind are used to drive mechanical adjustment members, in which case when the field winding of the lifting magnet is energized, the mover moves from its starting position towards the mover/counter pole. and in this case the adjusting member is actuated. In this case, the return of the armature to its starting position is normally brought about by the spring force in the energized and de-energized state.

Lifting magnets of the type mentioned at the outset are known and are provided with a U-shaped yoke in which a pole piece (mover/counter pole) is riveted in the bottom of the yoke. In this case, the pole pieces, in addition to guiding the magnetic flux, are used to concentrically receive and guide the frame-like yoke. In this case, a frame-shaped yoke is inserted into the U-shaped yoke and a cover plate is provided.

This cover plate has a central hole and is fitted over the collar of the frame-like yoke and is connected or riveted to the ends of the yoke side parts. Adjustment of the cover plate relative to the yoke takes place via recesses in the side parts of the yoke, the depth of which corresponds to the thickness of the cover plate. In order for the lifting magnet to function optimally, it is necessary in this case to precisely align the axis of the pole piece as well as the axis of the armature guided in the frame-like yoke.

However, when manufacturing such a lifting magnet, the concentric precision of the rivet pin of the magnetic pole piece is poor, so the magnetic pole piece is riveted diagonally. Alignment errors often occur due to bond gaps between the cover plate and between the yoke and the pole piece rivet pins.

Additionally, the unavoidable junction gap increases the reluctance of the iron circuit, requiring increased electrical excitation power. Furthermore, expensive measures have to be taken to avoid deformation of the yoke legs when riveting the cover plate.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention The object of the invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a lifting operation which can be achieved in a manner that consists of a very small number of components and is inexpensive to manufacture, as well as with respect to the characteristic curve course. The object of the invention is to improve the lifting magnet of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be adapted to suitably known construction types and construction sizes. Furthermore, the problem of the present invention is to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a lifting magnet formed in this manner at low cost.

This object has been solved in the construction of the lifting magnet according to the invention in that the yoke is constructed as an integral magnetic frame and the striking and bending member is formed from a cut sheet metal piece.

Advantageous embodiments of the lifting magnet according to the invention are set out in the patent claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.

Furthermore, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the above-mentioned problem can be solved by bending the upper end of the magnetic frame at right angles to the side portions (yoke legs) in the lifting magnet of the type mentioned at the beginning to form a frame-like yoke. Bend the side portions of the magnetic frame to such an extent that it can still be inserted into the magnetic frame, insert the magnetic frame together with the inserted frame-like yoke into the assembly device, and then bend the side portions in the assembly device. bent to the final vertical position, engaging the semicircular notch in the free ends of the magnetic frame around the upper collar of the frame-like yoke to abut said free ends against each other, and , welding the end of the magnetic frame (
The solution was to connect them to each other by arc welding, laser welding, etc.).

Advantageous embodiments of the production process according to the invention are described in patent claims 9 and 10.

1A and 1B FIG. 1 shows a lifting magnet of known construction, which has a generally U-shaped yoke 1 which is fitted with rivets in the yoke bottom 2. It has coupled pole pieces 3. In order to form and adapt to the predetermined working characteristic curve, the pole piece in this embodiment is provided with, for example, a tapered cutout, in which the magnet armature 6 is likewise fitted with a cutout. I? The end 5 of the shape is the end position 1 of the mover.
enter abruptly. A frame-shaped yoke 8 with a field winding 7 is inserted into the U-shaped yoke, the frame-shaped yoke being placed over the lower end 1 of the pole piece 3 and guided concentrically. is maintained. In this case, the frame-like yoke is provided with a circular central through-hole in which an axially movable armature is arranged and guided. A flange 9 with a collar 10 is provided at the upper end of the frame-shaped yoke 8 . A metal cover plate 1I is provided for holding and centering in this area, and a flap projects into the central hole of the plate. Furthermore, the cover plate is connected to the yoke leg 12 by a riveted connection 13, and the adjustment of the cover plate relative to the yoke takes place via a cutout in the yoke, the depth of which depends on the thickness of the cover plate. It corresponds to When the field winding is energized, a magnetic flux is generated through the magnetic pole piece, yoke (yoke bottom, yoke leg), force/9-plate, and mover. The unavoidable joining gaps at the rivet connection points (pole shoes, cover plates) often result in an increased reluctance in the magnetic flux path.

2 and 3 a lifting magnet according to the invention is illustrated. In contrast to previously known constructions, only a component, hereinafter also referred to as magnetic frame 14, is provided for the magnetic return path for the armature.

This magnetic frame simultaneously takes on the functions of the yoke 1, the cover plate 1I and the pole piece 3 of the lifting magnet of known construction according to FIG.

For clarity of drawing, components corresponding to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1 are designated with the same reference numerals and symbols.

A magnetic frame (hereinafter also referred to as a holding frame) is bent to surround the roll support 8,
In this case, the pole piece 3I projects into the lower end of the roll carrier and holds it concentrically. In this case, the pole piece consists of a cylindrical sheet metal extrusion which is extruded from the material of the holding frame. At the other end of the roll carrier, the bent end 15 of the holding frame is placed over the flange 9 of the roll carrier. In this case, this end is provided with a semicircular cutout 16 and surrounds the roll support head 10. Furthermore, a locking hook 17 is integrally molded onto the end of the holding frame, which locking hook engages in a locking recess 18 in the flange 9 of the roll support and which locks into the roll support. Prevents springback of the retaining frame after bending through the body.

The pole piece 3 shown in FIG. 2 is constructed as an open extrusion within a hollow cylinder into which the stepped conical end 5 of the armature protrudes. ing. In this case, the characteristic curve of the magnetic mechanism is defined by the cone angle α. This pole pair results in a pronounced lifting-throttle characteristic curve with a high starting force, the shape of which can be varied within a wide range by varying the cone angle α.

Furthermore, FIGS. 6 and 7 1 show an embodiment in which the pole piece 3II is formed from a cut sheet.

In this case, instead of the open sheet metal extrusion, a circular socket 19 with a flat closed surface 20 is extruded out of the material of the magnetic frame. In conjunction with armatures with flat extremities, such a magnetic mechanism produces a rising or trailing force characteristic curve with high final forces.

8 and 9, the magnetic pole piece 3I [I
Another embodiment is shown for forming a.

In this embodiment, the pole piece 3* is formed in the form of a cone, in which case the barbed pole piece 3* is molded from the material of the yoke bottom 21 by an extrusion deformation process. Furthermore, the conical pole piece is provided with an annular step 26. The surface of the stepped portion formed at this time is used as a stopper surface for the annular surface 27 in front of the mover 6I shown in FIG. The shaped pole piece 3* projects into a corresponding conical recess 28. In this case, the conical shape of the armature and the pole piece as well as the arrangement of the steps are adapted to each other in such a way that a slight air gap is created between them and the conical surface. The portion 29 of the conical pole piece located below the stepped portion is used to center the frame-like yoke when the frame-like yoke is inserted into the holding frame, and is used to maintain the concentricity of the frame-like yoke. This ensures a concentric movement of the armature relative to the pole piece.

The magnetic frame 14 is manufactured from a thin sheet cut piece, and its shape is as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5; FIGS. 6, 7, 8, and 9.
Figure 1 is shown. Advantageously, the magnetic frame can be used for hitting and
It is possible to make a bending member. In the manufacturing state f shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, the thin sheet cut piece is hammered, the locking hook 17 is cut in, and the sheet is bent out of the plane. As shown, the pole pieces 3I, 3II, 3I [I can be used as an open cylindrical sheet extrusion (FIGS. 4 and 5) or as a closed cylindrical tip (FIG. 6). , Figure 7)
or as a conical extrusion variant (FIGS. 8 and 9). Further, in all of these drawings, a bending line 21 for forming the final holding frame by folding it is shown in dashed lines. Furthermore, a cutout 22 is provided, which cutout 22 is arranged such that a gripping arm (claw) of an assembly device, which will be described in more detail below, engages in said cutout. In this case, the recess is arranged between the yoke base and the yoke in such a way that the recess occupies the yoke leg (side part) after folding into the holding frame and the gripping device (claw) acts directly on the yoke base. It is located at the folded edge between the legs.

Based on the construction of the lifting magnet or magnetic frame according to the invention, a special assembly method is carried out, detailed in accordance with FIG. 1I. In this case a magnetic frame is used, the upper end 15 of the magnetic frame 14 is bent at right angles to the side legs (yoke legs 12), and the side legs are bent at right angles to the yoke legs 12. Pole pieces 3I, 3I1. with respect to the bottom part 2 or with respect to the axis of the magnetic mechanism. Alternatively, the frame-like yoke 8 is still bent to the extent that the frame-like yoke 8 can be fitted over the 3-inch. After inserting the frame-shaped yoke, the lifting magnet thus prefabricated is inserted into an assembly device, in which case the magnetic frame 14 occupies a mold 23 with a contour 24 shown in dashed lines. . Next is T! Two pawls 25 engage in the notches 22 of the holding frame and pull or push the holding frame with force F into the mold. In this case, the recess in the yoke leg is arranged in such a way that the pawl acts directly on the yoke bottom 2. When the holding frame is pushed into the mold, the yoke legs pivot inwards (arrow direction a) and their bent ends 15 reach above the upper flange 9 of the frame-like yoke. In this case, the semicircular recess 16 surrounds the frame-like yoke head 10 and at the same time the locking hook 17 of the holding frame engages in the locking recess 18 of the frame-like yoke flange 9. . As a result, the magnetic frame and the frame-shaped yoke are immovably connected.

The magnetic mechanism thus prepared is then moved away from the assembly tool and the mover inserted.

In a variant embodiment of the manufacturing method, the abutted ends 15 can be welded together after folding the holding frame into its final shape, in order to avoid spring notches in the holding frame.

Advantages of the invention The advantages obtained by the invention have been present in particular in the case of riveted cover plates, which were previously used in the construction of the effective iron circuit of the lifting magnet as an integral magnetic frame. The point is that the junction gap is completely eliminated. Furthermore, if the mover/counter pole is formed as a tip-shaped body or extruded body extruded from the material of the bottom of the yoke, it is not necessary to connect the magnetic pole pieces with rivets.

In this case too, the junction gap is completely eliminated.

In this case, by integrally configuring the magnetic frame and the mover/counter pole, the accurate centering position of the mover/counter pole is guaranteed at all times, and the center deviation or rivet connection accuracy due to the manufacturing of the mover protrusion is prevented. will no longer be a problem. Alignment errors caused by manufacturing when the rivet protrusions of the mover and the counter electrode are eccentrically located and when the mover and the counter electrode are riveted at an angle are also completely avoided.

In terms of its external geometrical dimensions, the lifting magnet according to the invention is constructed completely correspondingly to the previously used construction and has the same specific operating characteristics (compatibility), and can be produced extremely inexpensively. It is. Furthermore, operating characteristic data can be maintained significantly more uniformly without the use of such assembly and control equipment. The manufacturing process of the present invention reduces the manufacturing process to a few operational steps, which can be carried out without further complicated assembly operations.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A and 1B are diagrams showing a lifting magnet with a known structure, FIG. 2 is a half cross-sectional diagram of a lifting magnet according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the lifting magnet according to FIG. 2. , FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a thin plate cut piece for a holding frame of a lifting magnet according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the thin plate cut piece according to FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the thin sheet cut according to FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a view showing another thin sheet cut for a magnetic frame according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the thin sheet cut according to FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the thin plate cut piece according to the figure, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the lower end of the mover,
Figure I is a partial cross-sectional view of an assembly tool with an inserted lifting magnet. 1...Yoke, 2,2L...Yoke bottom, 3,3I. 3II, 3m...magnetic pole piece, feed, 16.22,
28...notch, 5,15...end, 6,6I-...
- Mover, 7... Field winding, 8... Frame-shaped yoke, 9... Flange, 10... Brim, 1I...
Cover plate, 12 upper yoke leg part, 13... rivet joint part, 14... magnetic frame, 15... end part,
17...Latching hook, 18...Latching notch, 19.
...Cop-shaped body, 20...Surface, 21...Bending line, 23...Mold, 24...Outline, 25...Claw, 2
6...Stepped part, 27...Annular surface, 29...Partial sand' Engraving of the drawing (no changes in content 1)) Guan IA diagram Fig. 18 1・-Yoke 3-° Possible! Camo 4 - Length pole 6...Mover 7...Winding 8...Frame-shaped yoke 10...F is'12...#J section (5-leg leg) 3L furnace - Mover/Month pole 14 - Magnetism, frame 16 - Notch 4 Fig. 3N, 3L - Mover/Counter electrode 14 - Mechanical arm 16 - Notch 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A frame-shaped yoke (1, 1^I) forming a magnetic return path for the mover (6, 6^I), and a field winding inserted into this yoke. (7); a movable element movable in the axial direction is guided in the winding support; and a movable element/counter electrode arranged at the bottom of the yoke part. (3, 3^I, 3^II, 3^III)
in which the yoke (1^I) partially extends into the winding support, the yoke (1^I) is constructed as an integral magnetic frame (14) and the lifting magnet
A lifting magnet characterized in that the bending member is formed from a thin sheet cut piece. 2. The mover/counter pole (magnetic pole piece 3^II) is composed of a cylindrical cup-shaped body (19) that is extruded and deformed from the bottom of the magnetic frame, and this cup-shaped body is pressed against the bottom of the magnetic frame. A closed flat top surface extending parallel to the
0), and after inserting the winding support (8) into the magnetic frame (14), the cup-like body plunges into the inner chamber of the winding support, and the outer surface of the cup-like body Claim 1, wherein the winding support is centered through the
Lifting magnet as described in section. 3. The mover/counter pole (magnetic pole piece 3^I) is composed of a cylindrical extruded body extruded and deformed from the bottom of the magnetic frame, and the winding support (8) is disposed within the magnetic frame (14). After inserting the extruded body, the extruded body plunges into the inner chamber of the winding support, so that the winding support is centered via the outer surface of the extruded body, and the movable element (6) is The plunger magnet according to claim 1, wherein the protruding portion (5^I) on the end side projects into the cylindrical extruded body when it is pulled (at the end position of the mover). . 4. The mover/counter pole (magnetic pole piece 3^III) is connected to the magnetic frame (
14) A lifting magnet according to claim 1, which is constituted by a conical extrusion deformation of the bottom portion (21) of the lifting magnet. 5. The conical extrusion deformation part is provided with an annular step part (26), and the winding support (
8), the extruded deformation protrudes into the winding support so that the winding support is centered via the lower frusto-conical part (29). Lifting magnet according to item 4 in the range. 6. The movable element (6^I) is provided with a conical notch (28) corresponding to the magnetic pole piece (3^III), and when the movable element is drawn, the conical magnetic pole piece is designed to protrude into the notch (28), and the annular surface (27) at the front of the mover touches the stepped portion (26) of the pole piece at the end position (pull position) of the mover. The lifting magnet according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the lifting magnet is brought into contact with each other. 7. Winding support (8) provided with a retaining projection (17) on the inwardly facing surface of the upper end (15) of the magnetic frame (14), into which the retaining projection (17) has been previously inserted; It is adapted to engage in a notch (18) integrally formed in the upper flange (9) of the winding support after bending the lateral part of the magnetic frame through the winding support. The lifting magnet according to any one of Items 1 to 6. 8. Fold the upper end (15) of the magnetic frame (14) at right angles to the side parts (yoke legs 12) to such an extent that the winding support (8) can still be inserted into the magnetic frame. bending the magnetic frame side parts and inserting the magnetic frame with the inserted winding support into an assembly device (23) and folding the side parts into their final vertical position in this assembly device; Then, insert the semicircular notch (16) provided in the free end (15) of the magnetic frame (14) into the winding support (
8) Welding process (arc welding or laser welding, etc.) by engaging around the upper collar (10) and abutting said free ends against each other and said ends (15) of the magnetic frame.
A method for manufacturing lifting magnets, which is characterized by being bonded to each other by. 9. Fold the upper end (15) of the magnetic frame (14) at right angles to the side portions (yoke legs 12) so that the magnetic frame is bent to such an extent that the winding support can still be inserted into the magnetic frame. bending the side parts and inserting the magnetic frame with the inserted winding support into the assembly device; and
In this assembly device the side parts are folded into their final vertical position and the semi-circular cutout (16) provided in the free end (15) of the magnetic frame is inserted into the upper collar of the winding support. A locking hook (17) engaged around (10) and integrally molded inside the magnetic frame.
9. Process according to claim 8, in which the winding support (8) is locked in a corresponding recess (18) in the flange (9) of the winding support (8). 10. A cutout (22) is provided in the lateral part in the lower region of the magnetic frame (14), and during the assembly process the pawl (25) of the assembly tool is engaged in the cutout so that the magnetic The frame is shaped into a mold (
23) A method as claimed in claim 8 or 9, in which the magnetic frame is folded in for interlocking.