JPS623433B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument that prevents changes in timbre when changing the sound range of musical tones. In recent years, with the rapid development of electronic technology, various types of electronic musical instruments have been developed. This electronic musical instrument has the advantage of being able to produce many tones and various sound effects, allowing for rich musical expression. In this case, in electronic musical instruments, transposition control (range switching control) is performed to change the pitch of generated musical tones up or down in octave units. This transposition control is intended to improve the ensemble effect when performing in ensemble with other instruments and to obtain the optimal transposition for the performance piece. However, when transposition is controlled in octave units, there is an inconvenience that the timbre changes as the range is switched, since the characteristics of the filter are controlled only in response to the pitch of the pressed key. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that prevents changes in timbre due to range switching. Hereinafter, it will be explained in detail using the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, and particularly shows one having a single-note configuration. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a key switch circuit provided in the keyboard section, from which key data KD corresponding to key depressions is sent out. In this case, the key data KD that specifies each key is, for example, a 2-bit code that represents the type of keyboard as shown in Table 1.
K ₂ , K ₁ , the 3-bit code B ₃ , B ₂ , B ₁ representing the octave range, and the 4-bit code N ₄ , N ₃ , N ₂ , N ₁ representing the note name within one octave. It consists of a 9-bit code.

[Table] 2 is a frequency information storage device which inputs key data KD corresponding to the pressed keys supplied from the key switch circuit 1 as an address and outputs the corresponding numerical value F as frequency information shown in Table 2, for example. be. Note that the numerical value F stored in this frequency information storage device 2 is 15 bits in the case of Table 2, and 1
The bit represents the integer part, and the other 14 bits represent the decimal part. In this Table 2, the F number is the numerical value F expressed in binary notation converted to decimal notation.

[Table] 3 is a gate circuit controlled by a clock pulse φ, 4 is an accumulator that accumulates the output signal of the frequency information storage device 2 supplied via the gate circuit 3, that is, the above-mentioned numerical value F, and 5 is a later-described The cumulative value from the accumulator 4 is determined by the transposition signal TP from the preset circuit 14.
Shift circuit that shifts the bits of qF (digital data) (changes it up and down in octave units), 6
A to 6c are first to third waveform memories addressed by the output of the shift circuit 5, and these first to third waveform memories 6a to 6c contain, for example, triangular waves containing many harmonics, symmetric waves, etc. Amplitude data of each sample point obtained by dividing one waveform amplitude such as a rectangular wave and an asymmetrical rectangular wave into, for example, 64 along the time axis is stored. Therefore, these first to third waveform memories 6a to 6c
are sequentially addressed by the accumulated output qF of the accumulator 4 supplied via the shift circuit 5, and the waveforms are read out. 7 is the first to third
A voltage control filter (VCF) receives the outputs of the waveform memories 6a to 6c, and 8 is a volume level setting signal supplied from a preset circuit 14, which will be described later, to determine the level of the musical tone signal supplied via the voltage control filter 7. a level adjustment circuit controlled by the LC; 9 a voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA) that performs envelope control on the musical tone output of the level adjustment circuit 8;
Reference numeral 10 denotes a pitch voltage generation circuit that generates pitch voltage KV corresponding to key data KD supplied from key switch circuit 1, and supplies this pitch voltage KV as a control signal to voltage-controlled filter 7 via resistor 11a. , 12 is a first circuit that supplies an envelope signal ES to the voltage-controlled filter 7 via a resistor 11b.
An envelope generation circuit 13 is a second envelope generation circuit that supplies an envelope signal ES to the voltage-controlled amplifier 9, and 14 is a control signal generation system (hereinafter referred to as a channel) that generates control signals for setting a plurality of musical tone states. In this embodiment, there are 4 channels.), the transposition signal TP, the first to third waveform memories 6a, the details of which will be described later.
Waveform memory selection signal MS for ~6c, first,
Envelope control signals ECS ₁ , ECS ₂ and volume control signal for the second envelope generation circuits 12 and 13
This is a preset circuit configured to preset LC, transposition voltage TPV, and bright voltage BV. Further, 15a to 15d are preferentially connected preset channel selection switches, which select which channel's control signal is to be extracted from among the above-mentioned various control signals set appropriately for each channel by the performer in the preset circuit 14. and is provided corresponding to each channel. Reference numeral 16 denotes a cancel switch which is preferentially connected to the preset channel selection switches 15a to 15d, and these switches 15a
15d and 16 are provided at positions where they can be easily operated during performance (for example, at the operation panel). 1
Reference numeral 7 is a non-lock type cancel switch, which is located at a position where it can be easily operated with the performer's foot (the knee of the right foot). Here, this switch 17 is provided equivalently in parallel with the switch 16. Reference numerals 18a to 18d are tone color changeover switches which are connected preferentially, and receive signals from a preset circuit 14 in which the various control signals described above necessary for forming a plurality of tones, such as flute, clarinet, piano, oboe, etc., are stored in a standard state. They are provided corresponding to each tone in order to extract a fixed (unchangeable) control signal corresponding to the tone, and by operating the tone changeover switches 18a to 18d, a standard tone can be obtained. . Reference numeral 19 denotes a sound system that receives an output signal from the voltage-controlled amplifier 9 supplied through a volume preset section of the preset circuit 14, which will be described later, and is composed of an expression circuit, an amplifier, a speaker, etc. There is. In the circuit configured as described above, when a key on the keyboard section is pressed, the key data KD corresponding to the pressed key is sent from the key switch circuit 1, and the key data KD corresponding to the pressed key is sent from the key switch circuit 1 to the first and second envelope generation circuits. Key-on signal at 12 and 13
KON is supplied. The key data KD sent from the key switch circuit 1 is stored in the frequency information storage device 2.
The frequency information, that is, the numerical value F, stored at the address specified by this key data KD is read out. The numerical value F is supplied to the accumulator 4 via the gate circuit 3, and the accumulator 4 repeatedly accumulates the numerical value F at the timing speed of the gate circuit 3, and the accumulated value qF is passed through the shift circuit 5 to the first
~Supplied as a read address signal to the third waveform memories 6a to 6c. In this case, the accumulator 4 has the accumulated value qF in the first to third waveform memories 6.
When the final address value (for example, 64) of a to 6c is reached, the address is specified by repeatedly performing an operation of overflowing and returning to zero. Therefore, the period of the read waveform is determined by the output qF of the accumulator 4. The first to third addresses that are addressed sequentially in this way
In the waveform memories 6a to 6c, one or more memories suitable for obtaining the desired tone are selected by the waveform memory selection signal MS supplied from the preset circuit 14, and the selected waveform memory is selected. The output is supplied to a voltage controlled filter 7 via a mixing resistor. Voltage controlled filter 7
The cut-off frequency is controlled by the time-varying envelope control signal EC supplied from the first envelope generation circuit 12, which starts operation in response to the key-on signal KON supplied from the key switch circuit 1, and the tone is modulated. Ru. Further, the cutoff frequency of the voltage-controlled variable filter 7 is controlled by the pitch voltage KV corresponding to the pitch of the operating key supplied from the pitch voltage generating circuit 10 via the resistor 11a. This is to eliminate variations in timbre with respect to pitch by making the ratio of harmonic components to the fundamental wave constant for each pitch. The tone signal modulated in this way is supplied to a voltage-controlled amplifier 9 via a level adjustment circuit 8, where a key-on signal is output.
After the amplitude envelope is controlled by the envelope control signal ES supplied from the second envelope generation circuit 13 which starts operation by KON, the amplitude envelope is supplied to the sound system 19 via the volume preset circuit described later in the preset circuit 14. and a musical tone is produced. In this case, the normal state (preset cancel)
, the tone color selected by the tone color changeover switches 18a to 18d can be obtained. In other words, the preset circuit 14 selects flute and
Pre-configured to select from standard clarinet, piano and oboe tones.
For example, when the timbre selection switch 18a is closed, the waveform memory selection signal MS for obtaining the standard timbre of the flute stored in the preset circuit 14,
It is configured to output envelope control signals ECS ₁ , ECS ₂ and level control signal LC. Therefore, the tone changeover switches 18a to 1
By selecting 8d, musical tones with four types of prescribed tones can be obtained. Further, this preset circuit 14 is provided with a plurality of channel (four channels in this case) preset system, as will be described in detail later, and each of these preset systems is provided with a transposition signal for switching the tone range. TP, waveform memory selection signal MS, transposition voltage TPV, bright voltage BV, envelope control signals ECS ₁ and ECS ₂ , and level control signal LC are configured so that they can be preset as appropriate by the performer. Therefore, the preferentially connected preset channel selection switches 15a~
By operating one of the switches 15d, the preset channel corresponding to the operated switch is selected, and the various control signals TP, MS, MS, preset to this preset channel are selected.
TPV, BV, ECS ₁ , ECS ₂ and LC are output to obtain the desired musical tone. Also, when the preset cancel switch 16 is operated, this switch 16 switches to the preset channel selection switch 1.
5a-15d, all of these preset channels are deselected. And cancel switch 16
At the time of operation, the tone color switching system becomes operational, and the tone selected by the turned on tone color changeover switches 18a to 18d is obtained. Furthermore, if you operate the non-lock type preset cancel switch 17 with your knee during a performance, the "1" signal will remain on switch 1 only during this operation period.
7 to the preset circuit 14, resulting in the same state as when the preset cancel switch 16 is operated.
Therefore, the player must press the switch 16 to operate the keyboard.
Even if it is difficult to operate the switch 17, it is sufficient to operate the switch 17 with the foot, improving playability. The above explanation is an outline of the preset circuit 14, and the preset circuit will be explained in detail below using FIG. 2. Waveform memory selection signal MS, level adjustment signal LC The waveform memory selection signal MS is a 3-bit signal that selects and controls which memory (one or more) of the first to third waveform memories 6a to 6c is used. This is a digital signal. Further, the level adjustment signal LC sets the volume of the musical tone signal from the voltage-controlled filter 7 in accordance with the timbre, and is a signal for correcting the change in volume due to the timbre. This signal LC is a 4-bit digital signal that controls the volume of musical tones in four levels. The waveform memory selection signal MS and level adjustment signal LC are generated from a diode matrix 26 shown in FIG. In Figure 2,
AND gates 20a-20d select channel selection signals _P1 - _P4 by matching each set output signal of preset channel selection switches 15a-15d with the output of preset cancel switch 17 supplied via inverter 21. The channel selection signals P ₁ to _{P 4} are supplied to the common terminals a of channel preset switches 22a to 22d provided for each preset channel. Corresponding fixed contacts b to e of the channel preset switches 22a to 22d are commonly connected to each other. Each fixed contact b~
e corresponds to the tone color name assigned to the tone color selection switches 18a to 18d, terminal b is in charge of flute, terminal c is in charge of clarinet, terminal d is in charge of piano, and terminal e is in charge of oboe. Also, the or gate 23 is the preset cancel switch 1.
6 and the output of preset cancel switch 17 are input to output a preset cancel signal. 24a to 24d are preset cancel signals and tone changeover switches 18a to 18d.
The outputs of the tone changeover switches 18a to 18d are operated only when either the preset cancel switch 16 or 17 is turned on (that is, when the preset cancel signal is "1"). 25a to 25d are OR gates that receive the common fixed terminal outputs of the channel preset switches 22a to 22d and the outputs of the AND gates 24a to 24d, respectively. 26 is a fixed transposition designation signal FTP, and a waveform memory selection signal. MS is a diode matrix for setting the level control signal LC, and the X lines x ₁ to x ₄ of this diode matrix 26 are connected to each OR gate 25.
They are connected to the output terminals of a to 25d, respectively, and take out the various control signals mentioned above from the Y lines _y1 to _y8 . And this diode matrix 26
The settings of the various signals FTP, MS, and LC in the X line x ₁ to
This is done by a diode connected to the desired intersection of x ₄ and the Y lines y ₁ to y ₈ . The outputs of the Y lines y ₂ to y ₄ of the diode matrix 26 become the waveform memory selection signal MS, and the outputs of the Y lines y 5 to _{y 4} of the diode matrix 26 become the waveform memory selection signal MS.
The output of _y8 becomes the level adjustment signal LC. For example, preset channel selection switch 15
When a is operated, a "1" signal is output from this switch 15a, and this "1" signal is sent to the AND gate 2.
At 0a, preset cancel switch 17
The AND gate 20
The output signal of the channel preset switch 22a is supplied as the channel selection signal _P1 to the channel preset switch 22a.
In this case, the channel preset switch 22a
Assuming that the common terminal a is connected to the fixed terminal b (flute tone) as shown, the channel selection signal _P1 is sent to the diode matrix 26 via the channel preset switch 22a and the OR gate 25a. X line x ₁ of is selected, and output is sent only to Y lines y ₁ , y ₄ , y ₅ . As the output is sent to Y line _y4 , the waveform memory selection signal MS becomes “001” and the first
Only the waveform memory 6a is selected, and this memory 6a
The waveform stored in is supplied to the voltage controlled filter 7 to obtain a musical sound waveform corresponding to the tone of the flute. Further, since an output is generated only on the Y line _y5 , the level control signal LC becomes "1000", and the level adjustment circuit 8 adjusts the musical tone signal supplied from the voltage controlled filter 7 to the preset value "1000". ” and supplies it to the voltage-controlled amplifier 9. This is to prevent the volume of musical tones from changing even if the timbre is changed, or to control the volume to the optimal volume for that timbre. Envelope control signals ECS ₁ , ECS ₂ Envelope control signals ECS ₁ , ECS ₂ are generated from the first and second envelope generation circuits 12 and 13 and are generated by the attack time AT of the envelope signal ES shown in FIG. 2day k hour 1DT,
This signal sets the 2DT, attack level AL, and sustain level SL, and is generated from the envelope preset circuit 29. 27a to 27d in FIG. 2 are resistors 28a, respectively.
Each OR gate 25a supplied via ~28d
The transistors 27a to 27d are turned on by the outputs of the envelope preset circuits 29 and _25d .
y′ ₄ is selected. The envelope preset circuit 29 connects the X lines x' ₁ to x' ₁₀ provided in the direction intersecting each of the Y lines y' ₁ to y' ₄ and the X lines and the Y lines.
It is composed of a resistor 30 provided at each intersection with the line and a diode 31 for preventing backflow, and by presetting the resistance value of the resistor 30 to a desired value, each Y line is divided into units. Four preset voltages are obtained from each X line. In this case, the envelope preset circuit 29
The X lines x' ₁ to x' ₆ are the above time information (AT, 1
DT, 2DT), and X lines x' ₉ to x' ₁₀ are in charge of the above level information (AL, SL).
32a to 32f are envelope preset circuits 2
This is a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) whose oscillation frequency is controlled by the output voltage of X lines x' ₁ to x' ₆ which are in charge of time information of 9. The output signals (frequency signals) AC ₁ to 2DC ₁ of the voltage controlled oscillators 32a to 32c and the output signals (voltage signals) AL ₁ and SL ₁ of the X lines x' ₇ and x' ₈ are envelope control signals.
ECS ₁ is supplied to the first envelope generation circuit 12, and output signals (frequency signals) of the voltage controlled oscillators 32d to 32f AC ₂ to 2DC ₂ and the X line
The output signals (voltage signals) AL ₂ and SL ₂ of x' ₉ and x' ₁₀ are supplied to the second envelope generation circuit 13 as an envelope control signal ESC ₂ . In the envelope control signal preset system configured as described above, when the preset channel selection switch 15a is operated in the same way as described above,
Via the channel preset switch 22a,
When the output signal is sent from the OR gate 25a, only the transistor 27a is turned on.
As a result, only the Y line _y'1 of the envelope preset circuit 29 is selected. As a result, preset voltage signals corresponding to the values of _the resistors 30 provided at the intersections of the Y line y ₁ and each of the X lines x' ₁ to x' 10 are sent from each of the X lines x' ₁ to x' ₁₀ . be done. The output signals of the X lines x' ₁ to x' ₃ are output from the voltage controlled oscillator 32.
a to 32c, respectively, to obtain an oscillation output with a frequency corresponding to the voltage signal. The output signals of the voltage controlled oscillators 32a to 32c are an attack clock AC ₁ which determines the attack time AT, a first decay clock 1DC ₁ which determines the first decay time 1DT, and a second decay clock 2DC ₁ which determines the second decay time 2DT.
The signal is supplied to the first envelope generating circuit 12 as a signal. In addition, the output signals AL ₁ , SL ₁ of the X lines x' ₇ , x' ₈
(voltage signal) is the first signal that determines the attack level AL and sustain level SL.
The signal is supplied to the envelope generating circuit 12. Therefore, the first envelope generation circuit 12 generates the signals AC ₁ ,
The envelope waveform shape generated by the envelope control signal ECS ₁ composed of 1DC ₁ , 2DC ₂ , AL ₁ and SL ₁ is set and controlled. Furthermore, the output signals (clocks) AC ₂ , 1 of the preset voltage controlled oscillators 32d to 32f are
DC ₂ , 2DC ₂ and X-line x' ₉ , x' ₁₀ signals
AL ₂ and SL ₂ are supplied to the second envelope generation circuit 13 as an envelope control signal ECS ₂ . Therefore, this first and second envelope generation circuit 1
2 and 13, the time and level of the attack and first decay portions are controlled in response to the rise of the key-on signal KON supplied from the key switch circuit 1, and the time and level of the attack and first decay portions are controlled in accordance with the fall of the key-on signal KON as the key is released. The time and level of the second decay portion will be controlled in response to the preset values. Transposition signal TP, transposition voltage TPV, fixed transposition designation signal
The FTP transposition signal TP is a 4-bit signal for setting and controlling the range of musical tones generated by shifting the bit position of the cumulative value qF from the accumulator 4 in the shift circuit 5, in octave units. This is a digital signal that controls the shift operation of the accumulated value qF in the shift circuit 5. In addition, the transposition voltage TPV is used to prevent changes in timbre when changing the tonal range using the transposition signal TP.
A preset voltage signal corresponding to TP is applied to the voltage controlled filter 7 via the resistor 11c (Fig. 1).
and controls its frequency characteristics. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of these transposition systems in the preset circuit 14, and shows each transposition preset switch 33a to 33 provided for each preset channel.
The preset channel selection signals P ₁ to P ₄ and the preset cancel signal described in FIG. 2 are supplied to the common terminal a of d. In addition, the transposition preset switches 33a to 3
In 3e, each of the fixed contacts b to f is in charge of the amount of shift and its direction, with fixed terminal b shifting 2 bits toward the upper digits (2 feet), terminal c shifting 1 bit toward the higher digits (4 feet), Terminal d is not shifted (8 feet) and terminal e is shifted 1 toward the lower digit.
It is responsible for bit shifting (16 feet), and the terminal f receives a fixed transposition designation signal generated from the diode matrix circuit 26 in FIG.
Select FTP. In this case, the fixed transposition designation signal FTP is the tone changeover switch 18.
This is a fixed reference transposition signal used to set the musical tone of the tone selected by a to 18d to the optimal range for that tone.
Corresponding fixed terminals b to f of the transposition preset switches 33a to 33e are commonly connected. In this case, fixed terminal e is not connected, and other fixed terminals b,
A method is used in which a signal is obtained by assuming that fixed terminal e is selected when the outputs of c, d, and f are all "0". By using such a method, the number of wiring lines can be reduced by one, and the degree of freedom in designing an integrated circuit (IC) is improved. 34 is each transposition preset switch 33a
~ Common output of fixed terminal f of 33e and inverter 3
an AND gate for matching the fixed transposition designation signal FTP from the diode matrix 26 shown in FIG.
6 is a transposition preset switch 33
A NOR gate receives as input the common output signal of each of the fixed terminals b, c, d, f of a to 33e, and 37 is an OR gate that receives as input the output of the AND gate 34 and the common output signal of the fixed terminal d. The outputs of the NOR gate 36 and the OR gate 37 and the common output signal of the fixed terminals b and c of the transposition preset switches 33a to 33e are supplied as the transposition signal TP to the shift circuit 5 shown in FIG. It's getting old. Further, each transposition signal TP with a 4-bit configuration is transmitted through each diode 38a to 38d and each resistor 39a to 39a.
It is supplied to the voltage dividing resistor 40 via 9d. This voltage division point A is supplied to a buffer amplifier 41, and the output of this buffer amplifier 41 is applied to a voltage controlled filter so as to correct the pitch voltage KV generated from the circuit 10 as a transposition voltage TPV. 7, and the values of each of the resistors 39a to 39d are set so as to obtain a voltage corresponding to the foot change by transposition control. In the transposition preset system configured as described above, when the preset channel selection switch 15a is operated and the preset channel signal _P1 is sent out as described above, the preset channel selection switch 15a is in charge of the preset channel signal _P1 . The transposition preset switch 33a has a fixed terminal c
is selected, the output is sent to the 4-foot line and the transposition signal TP becomes "0010". In this case, since the shift circuit 5 is based on "0100", that is, 8 feet, in the case of "0010", that is, 4 feet, the foot is shifted to a position one octave higher. Therefore, transposition preset switch 3
When movable contact a of 3a to 33e is connected to fixed terminal b, the position is two octaves higher (2 feet)
If fixed terminal d is selected, the foot will be changed to the standard position (8 feet).
If fixed terminal e is selected, the foot will be changed to a position one octave lower (16 feet), and if fixed terminal f is selected,
The AND gate 34 becomes operational, and the feed is changed in response to the fixed transposition designation signal FTP, thereby setting the transposition most suitable for the tone. When the foot change is performed in this way, the resistor 39 responds to the transposition signal TP.
The voltage signal preset at a to 39d is the voltage dividing point A.
occurs in This voltage is the buffer amplifier 41
is supplied as a transposition voltage TPV to the voltage controlled filter 7 via the transposition signal TP. This prevents the timbre from changing. Furthermore, while the preset cancel switch 16 or 17 is being operated, a preset cancel signal is generated, and this preset cancel signal is supplied to the transposition preset switch 33e, so that the timbre being operated cannot be changed. Changeover switch 1
The transposition of the pronunciation associated with 8a to 18d is performed using the transposition preset switch 33.
Determined by e. The transposition preset switch 33e is used when the fixed transposition designation signal FTP is intentionally changed, such as when playing with another musical instrument using the tone selected by the tone changeover switches 18a to 18d. Bright voltage BV This bright voltage BV is used to control the ratio of harmonic components to the fundamental wave by subtly changing the frequency characteristics of the voltage-controlled variable filter 7.
This is a signal that controls the brightness of musical tones depending on the proportion of harmonic components included. This bright voltage BV is generated by the circuit shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, 42a to 42e are variable resistor resistors for presetting the bright voltage BV for each preset channel and cancel channel.
The output signals of the variable resistors 42a to 42e are sent to the voltage controlled variable filters described above via gate circuits 43a to 43e controlled by the preset channel selection signals _P1 to _P4 and the preset cancel signal. 7. Therefore, for example, when the preset channel selection signal _P1 is generated, the gate circuit 4
Only 3a is opened, and the bright voltage BV preset in the variable resistor 42a is supplied to the voltage controlled variable filter 7. Volume Preset The volume preset is used to set the volume level of musical tones supplied to the sound system 19.The volume preset is used to set the volume level in advance so that the expression pedal (not shown) in the sound system 19 is placed in the optimal operating position. It is something to keep. This volume preset is performed by the circuit shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, 44a to 44e are variable resistors for volume presetting which respectively input the output signals of the voltage controlled amplifier 9 supplied via a resistor 45, and 46a to 46e are variable resistors 44a to 44e.
~44e preset output to sound system 1
These gate circuits 46a to 46e are gate-controlled by preset channel selection signals _P1 to _P4 and a preset cancel signal. The reference numeral 47 indicates other audio devices such as a tape recorder or an automatic rhythm playing device, and the output of these audio devices 47 can also be preset. In the volume preset system configured in this manner, for example, when the preset channel selection switch 15a is operated as described above and the preset channel selection signal _P1 is generated, the gate circuit 4
Only the variable resistor 6a operates, and only the output signal of the volume preset variable resistor 44a in charge of this channel is supplied to the sound system 19, and the sound system 19 produces a musical tone with a volume corresponding to the preset value of the variable resistor 44a. will be done. In addition, in the preset cancel state, since the preset cancel signal is supplied to the gate circuit 46e, the tone changeover switch 1
The tones of the flute, clarinet, piano and oboe selected by 8a to 18d are played at a volume corresponding to the preset value of variable resistor 44e. FIGS. 2 to 5 described above are detailed diagrams of various preset systems showing the preset circuit 14 shown in FIG. 1. Note that the various preset systems described above are for the case where settings are made to actively change various control signals stored in advance to make the tone specified by the tone changeover switches 18a to 18d standard. As described above, the preset system and the timbre changeover switch system may be made completely independent, and tones that do not exist in the timbre changeover switch system may be set in the preset system. FIG. 6 shows an example of the first and second envelope generating circuits 12 and 13 shown in FIG. 1. Before entering into the description, special use of symbols in the circuit will be explained. Figure 7 shows an example of the symbols used. One input line is drawn on the input side, multiple signal lines are crossed with this input line, and the signal line of the signal to be input to the same circuit and the input line are connected. A multiple-input AND gate is indicated by circling the intersection. Therefore, the logical formula in FIG. 7 is Q=A・B・C. In FIG. 6, in the standby state (state before the key is pressed), the binary code outputs _Q1 to _Q6 of the 64-decimal counter 48 are all "0", and the output
₁ to ₆ are "1". In this state, when the key-on signal KON is supplied from the key switch circuit 1 to the input terminal 49a, since the outputs ₅ and ₆ of the counter 48 are "1", the terminal 49a is
b is the oscillator 32a or 32d (FIG. 2).
A pulse output is sent from the AND gate 50a every time the attack clock AC is supplied from the AND gate 50a. The output of the AND gate 50a is supplied to the clock terminal of the counter 48 via the OR gate 51.
By this actuating clock AC, the counter 48
are counted up sequentially. The binary code output of the counter 48 is converted into a decimal value by a decoder 52, and an output signal is sent only to the corresponding output terminal. As a result, the output sending end of the decoder 52 also moves sequentially from terminal 0 to terminal 63 each time the count value of the counter 48 increases sequentially due to the attack clock AC. When the output sending end of the decoder 52 moves sequentially, the transistor corresponding to the output sending end of the transistors 53 connected to each output end of the decoder 52 is turned on. In this case, the terminal 54a receives the initial level IL, and the terminals 54b and 54c receive the attack level AL and sustain level SL from the envelope preset circuit 29 shown in FIG.
is supplied, and each transistor 53 selects a voltage dividing point of a resistor 55 connected to divide the voltage between each terminal 54a to 54c, and sends the voltage value to an output terminal 56. ing. Therefore, when the counter 48 counts up due to the attack clock AC, its decode output terminal also rises and the transistors 53 are sequentially turned on, and accordingly, the envelope signal ES sent to the output terminal 56 is as shown in FIG. The output terminal 1 of the decoder 52 gradually increases as shown between time t ₁ and _{t 2} and when the count output of the counter 48 reaches 15.
5, the output is sent out and reaches the attack level AL. When the counter 48 counts 16, its output terminal _Q5 becomes "1" and _Q6 becomes "0". ) is applied to the clock input of counter 48 via OR gate 51. As a result,
After counting 16, the counter 48 advances the count using the first decay clock 1DC as a clock, and the decoder 52 accordingly moves the selection of the transistor 53 toward the sustain level SL. However, since the sustain level SL is set to a lower voltage value than the attack level AL, the envelope signal sent from the output terminal 56
ES gradually decreases as shown in FIG. 8 from time _t2 to _t3 . When the count value of the counter 48 reaches 32, the output terminal _Q6 becomes "1" and _Q6 becomes "0", so the AND gate 50b becomes inoperable, and the counter 48 stops counting by the first decay clock 1DC. do. Next, when the key-on signal KON becomes "0" as the key is released, the output of the inverter 57 becomes "1" and the AND gate 50
A second decay clock 2DC (generated from oscillator 32c or 32f in FIG. 2) is sent from c, and this second decay clock 2DC is supplied via OR gate 51 to the clock input of counter 48. As a result, the counter 48 is
A count-up is performed by the decay clock 2DC, and its output signal is decoded by the decoder 52, and the output sending end is moved from the output end 32 toward the output end 63. Therefore, the output end 56
The envelope signal ES sent out from the input terminal becomes a signal that gradually decreases from the sustain level SL toward the initial level IL, as shown at time t ₄ to _{t 5} in FIG. Then, the count value of the counter 48 is
When it reaches 63, output terminals Q ₅ and Q ₆ become “1”,
The AND gate 50d operates to input the second decay clock 2DC to the counter 4 via the OR gate 51.
Supply to 8. When the counter 48 receives one second decay clock 2DC, it overflows and returns to zero, and along with this, the AND gates 50a~
50d are all rendered inoperable and the generation of envelope signals ends. Note that the above explanation is for obtaining the envelope signal ES in sustained mode, but when obtaining the envelope signal in percussive mode,
The sustain level SL supplied to the terminal 54c may be made the same as the initial level IL supplied to the terminal 54a. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, lock type switches are used as the preset channel selection switches 15a to 15c and the preset cancel switch 16, and when one of the switches is operated, the other switches are mechanically restored. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the preset channel selection switches 15a to 15d and the preset cancel switch 16 may be non-lock switches, and the outputs of these switches may be used to control the flip-flops 58a to 58e, respectively. It is also possible to set the output of the set to apply a reset to other flip-flops. Further, in the above embodiment, only the case where the invention is applied to a single-tone electronic musical instrument has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, but is applicable to a multi-tone electronic musical instrument having a plurality of sounding channels that can simultaneously produce sound. It goes without saying that similar effects can be obtained even if applied to As explained above, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention can control the pitch voltage applied to the VCF as a control voltage.
In addition to correcting the frequency characteristics of the VCF in response to the pitch of the pressed key by correcting it using a transposition voltage generated in response to the amount of range switching of a musical tone, Since it is configured to control, it has an excellent effect of preventing changes in timbre when changing transposition. Furthermore, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention automatically performs the above-mentioned transposition (range switching) control in accordance with the timbre selection of the musical sound, so that the generated musical sound is adjusted to the optimal range for that timbre. It has great effects that can be set.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 5 are detailed circuit diagrams of the preset circuit shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is an envelope generating circuit shown in FIG. 1. A circuit diagram showing an example of
7 is a diagram showing examples of symbols used in FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an envelope signal sent from the circuit shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the preset channel selection switch circuit system. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Key switch circuit, 2... Frequency information storage device, 3... Gate circuit, 4... Accumulator, 5... Shift circuit, 6a to 6c... First to third waveform memory, 7... Voltage control type variable filter,
8...Level adjustment circuit, 9...Voltage control amplifier, 10...Tone pitch voltage generation circuit, 12, 13...
First and second envelope generation circuits, 14... preset circuit, 15a-15d... preset channel selection switch, 16, 17... preset cancel switch, 18... timbre changeover switch.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A first control voltage corresponding to the pressed key is applied to a voltage-controlled variable filter to control the timbre of the generated musical sound and to selectively switch and set the range of the generated musical sound in octave units. In the electronic musical instrument configured as above, the electronic musical instrument includes: a control voltage generating means for generating a second control voltage set in advance in accordance with the tone range switching setting; an electronic musical instrument, further comprising: a correction circuit that corrects the voltage-controlled variable filter and applies the correction circuit to the voltage-controlled variable filter, and the characteristics of the variable filter are variably controlled in accordance with the pitch and range of the pressed key of the generated musical sound. . 2. In an electronic musical instrument configured to apply a first control voltage corresponding to a pressed key to a voltage-controlled variable filter to control the timbre of the generated musical sound and to change the range of the generated musical sound in octave units, timbre selection means for selecting and specifying a timbre; a range setting means for setting a range of the generated musical sound corresponding to the timbre selected and specified by the timbre selection means; control voltage generating means for generating a preset second control voltage;
and a correction means for applying the corrected voltage to the voltage-controlled variable filter according to the control voltage of the voltage-controlled variable filter, so as to automatically control the range of the musical tone in accordance with the timbre of the generated musical tone, and An electronic musical instrument characterized in that the characteristics of a filter are variably controlled according to the pitch and range of a pressed key of a generated musical sound.