JPS63190749A - Apparatus for manufacturing elongated ceramic sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a method of laminating a covering material made of ceramic paper on at least one of the front and back sides of a continuous molded band formed by continuous extrusion of a raw material mainly composed of clay. The present invention relates to an apparatus for drying and firing ceramic plates in a short period of time to produce long ceramic plates of a predetermined length at low cost, in a significantly shorter time than before, and without deformation.

[Conventional technology]

Rovers and tiles are produced by cutting the undried continuous strip sent out from a forming machine into short lengths, then forming them by pressing, etc., and then drying and firing them, or by filling a mold with material and pressing it. It was manufactured by molding, then drying, and firing. Moreover, the firing process involved loading molded roof tiles, tiles, etc. onto a cart in five to seven levels, and it took several days.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

With this type of equipment, the drying and firing processes take several days, resulting in poor productivity and increased costs.Moreover, it required a vast factory site and three times as many workers as normal (three shifts). . In addition, in conventional equipment, the fabric dries with hot air, which causes the fabric to dry from the surface, resulting in twisting, bending, and cranking, and the maximum length is about 60ca+. This is because the surface layer exposed to the hot air dries first, and moreover, from the edges, deforming, especially curving, so there is a limit to the length as described above.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention has been developed by extruding a dough containing about 20% water into a predetermined cross-sectional shape by extruding it into a predetermined shape without deforming the mouthpiece of the kneading machine under pressure. After laminating and covering at least one of the front and back surfaces with a coating material made of ceramic paper containing alumina or silica as its main ingredients, the clay component is dried by irradiating it with far infrared rays in a short period of time (several hours at most). It is something to do. In other words, far infrared rays reduce moisture by 1% due to the synergistic effect of radiant heat and far infrared radiation from heated clay components such as silica, mica, feldspar, and magnesia.
By drying the center layer of the molded product that has been extruded to a certain point in a short period of time, and by utilizing the far-infrared ray emitting property of ceramic paper, drying can be performed evenly and efficiently. By using only one end at the beginning of extrusion, it is possible to prevent curvature during drying and to form a length of, for example, 600 to 3000 m1, which is then cut to an arbitrary length with a traveling cutter. The present invention provides an apparatus for producing a long ceramic plate having a structure in which a long body without the risk of deformation is fed to a firing furnace, and the melting point effect is utilized to save energy.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, one Example of the manufacturing apparatus of the long ceramic plate based on this invention is demonstrated in detail using drawing. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above device. In the figure, 1 is clay, which is made of one or several types of clay, and is supplied to clay mixing [2] as a raw material. A clay kneading machine or, for example, a device that continuously feeds the clay from the mouthpiece 3 to the next process with a cross-sectional shape as shown in Figures 2 (al to (hl).
is a natural product, and its components differ depending on the region where it is produced, and these features and weaknesses are offset to obtain a specific mixed clay. Examples of clay 1 include pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halloysite, metahalloysite, Kibushi clay, Frogme clay, Shigaraki clay, Kamiyama clay, Yamagata silica sand, Iide clay, etc., and then add water and the necessary Chamotte, inorganic fibers (asbestos, glass fibers), and bulbs are added in an amount of 10% or less (weight ratio) depending on the purpose, and are mixed in a rough kneader. If necessary, iron may be removed from this clay 1 using a magnet. Furthermore, the aforementioned base 3 is not deformed by the force of extrusion of the clay 1, and is equipped with a core body (not shown) if necessary. 4 is a conveyor, which is a free roller, or a mesh belt, cloth belt, or steel belt (not shown).
It is useful for conveying the molded continuous band (hereinafter simply referred to as continuous band) A, which consists of seeds and is mainly sent out from the nozzle 3, to the next process in an extruded state, and as an observation zone for the extrusion status. be. Reference numeral 5 denotes a coating material feeder, which applies a coating material α made of ceramic paper containing alumina or silica as a main component to at least one of the front or back surfaces of the continuous band A being conveyed by the conveyor 4 via a pressure roller 6. The material is then laminated.

This covering material α is mainly made of ceramic paper, but it is also possible to use aluminum hydroxide paper, a material laminated with the same paper, etc. Moreover, since the covering material α is laminated on the continuous band A which is not dried, it is stuck by the plasticity and moisture of the continuous band A, but it is also possible to use an adhesive as an auxiliary agent. Furthermore, since the covering material α is laminated on the continuous band A to form a composite continuous band A', it serves as an aid to the continuous band A, which is a plastic material, and also helps prevent deformation when being conveyed by the conveyor 4. It is something. Note that the continuous band A is shown in Fig. 2 (C) to (
In the case h), it is also possible to arrange a forming machine after the coating material supply machine 5 or to provide a plurality of pressure rollers 6. L is a dryer, which dries the continuous zone A containing about 18 to 20% moisture to about 1% in a short time of about 5 minutes to several hours, and the heat source 8 is an infrared heater. ,
One type of far-infrared heater is used. especially,
When infrared rays and far infrared rays heaters irradiate far infrared rays to quartz, feldspar, etc., which are components in clay 1, the synergistic effect of the far infrared rays emitted from these elements shortens the surface and center layers of continuous zone A. This is something that helps dry in time.

Moreover, since far infrared rays are also emitted from the ceramic paper used as the coating material α, the thermal efficiency during drying is improved and the continuous band A is also prevented from cracking. Reference numeral 9 denotes a conveying mechanism, which is heat resistant and consists of one type of conveying roller or a mesh belt (not shown). 10 is a running force lid that cuts the composite continuous band A' to an arbitrary length, for example 300 to 2000, by any means such as a rotary blade, a laser beam, an electric discharge machine, or a wire cut.
It is cut at the fin level. Of course, the traveling cutter 10 cuts the continuous band A in synchronization with the extrusion speed. 11
is a take-out mechanism which sends out the drying plate B cut to a fixed length using a drive roller, belt, etc. at a faster speed than the speed delivered from the clay kneading machine. be. The kiln is a kiln consisting of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type kiln.
The temperature distribution extends from the exit 12b to the Yamabushi, and is divided into a preheating area 13, a firing area 14, and a cooling area 15 in this order. ℃, cooling area 15 is 60
The temperature is about 0 to 100°C. Of course, the temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing.

To further explain the firing furnace, the firing furnace burns a combustible gas such as LPG gas to fire the fixed length drying plate B, and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for this purpose corresponds to each area mentioned above. It shall be established as follows. In addition, a mesh held, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller, etc. are used as means for conveying the fixed length drying plate B in the firing furnace ear, but especially in the firing area 14, the temperature rises to about 1300°C. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, an alumina roller 18 is placed between metal main shafts 16 and 17 to prevent heat from being transferred to the drive source. In addition, the firing area (■4) of the firing furnace (■) is made of refractory bricks, etc., through which the furnace passes continuously in a straight line, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is installed between each device and area. It is something that should be set up.

Next, the operation will be explained. First, clay 1 consisting of Shigaraki clay, short asbestos fibers, bulbs, and water is prepared. The weight percentage is obtained by kneading 61.5% of Shigaraki clay, 3% of asbestos short fibers, 1% of pulp, and 18% of water using a clay kneading machine (model MP-100, manufactured by Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.). In addition, the amount of soil kneading machine is model name MV- with extrusion capacity 100 to 15012/hr.
Model FM-A-1 (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. The conveyor 4 is one in which free rollers are arranged in a ladder shape, and the coating material α
For this purpose, ceramic paper made of fibrous alumina and silica with an inorganic binder was used, and the coating material feeder 5 and pressure roller 6 were installed above the conveyor 4, and the dryer installed a far-infrared panel heater. Ten pieces are arranged in a 10-meter interval, and the water inside the composite continuous band A is diffused to the surface to speed up dehydration and reduce the water content to 1%. The traveling cutter 10 synchronizes with the extrusion speed, cuts the material with a rotating blade without stopping the line, and feeds the material to the take-out mechanism 11. The take-out mechanism 11 rotates at a speed at which the fixed-length drying plates B cut by the traveling cutter 10 can be separated from the traveling cutter 10, which is a speed that is somewhat faster than the so-called extrusion speed, so that the ends of the fixed-length drying plates B do not collide with each other. This is how it was done.

In addition, the firing furnace has a preheating area 13 of 150 to 800'C.
up to 10 m, and the firing area 14 is 800 to 1
Raised at 5m to 300'C, 130 in cooling area 15
It has a configuration in which the temperature decreases from 0 to 100'C in 10 m. Therefore, the clay l supplied to the clay mixing machine has a cross section as shown in Fig. 2(a) from the mouthpiece 3, and is approximately 5 m/...
Extrude continuously at a speed of in. The coating material α, which is continuously supplied from the coating material supplying device 5, is laminated and adhered to the continuous band A immediately after extrusion. This composite continuous band A' is immediately fed to the dryer via the conveyor 4 without twisting due to resistance. Of course, the conveyor 4 in this case is not one that pulls in the composite continuous band A', but is in the form of a free roller. In the dryer 1, the moisture content of the composite continuous band A is reduced to 1%, and the composite continuous band A is fed to a traveling cutter 1o, and then cut to an arbitrary length, for example, 600 to 3000.
It is to be cut into a regular length of m. In the dryer, the composite continuous band A' with a thickness of 4N was dried in about 15 minutes without deformation. Next, the regular-length drying plate B cut to a regular length is supplied to the firing furnace (2), and after preheating, firing, and cooling,
, C. The firing time was 8 hours, and the maximum temperature during firing was 1150°C.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the long ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and the dryer may be used in combination with a conventional hot air or microwave heater and a far-infrared cotton heater. can. Further, it is also possible to form a plurality of firing lines after the running power lid 10, or to install the firing furnace (2) not in series with the running cutter 10 but in a separate direction via a direction changer.

In addition, the mouthpiece 3 of the clay kneading machine 1 can be taken out as two parts and divided at the outlet, or it can be divided into two parts after drying, or a line with multiple clay kneading machines 1 installed in parallel can be constructed, and the moving parts of each machine can be separated. The width can also be adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, it is also possible to glaze the covering material α of the fixed length dry plate B, or to print on the covering material α of the long ceramic board C after firing. in this case,
It is easy because glazing and printing are performed on the covering material α. Furthermore, it is also possible to dispose the traveling cutter 10 after the outlet 12b of the firing furnace and carry out the firing continuously. Moreover, when the continuous band is formed into a hollow shape, air, drying air, hot air, etc. can be blown into the hollow part from the core body in the base 3 to further promote drying.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the long ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, (1) the drying time of the continuously extruded forming strip is dried from the inside using far infrared rays, and far infrared rays are also emitted from the coating material; Thermal efficiency is greatly improved, and the time can be reduced to minutes or hours compared to the previous days. ■Continuously extruded molding strips must have one end until drying, and drying starts from the center layer of the extrusion molding strip, so the extrusion molding strip may be curved, cracked, or twisted. The yield is high. ■The covering material functions as a reinforcement and can prevent deformation during transportation. ■Cost is low because it can be dried in a short time.

■Highly accurate cutting is possible as the cutting is carried out when it is dry and the dimensions are stable.

■Because of the above mentioned ■■, long belts can be manufactured easily.

■There is no deformation or cracking during drying, and continuous firing is possible using a roller hearth kiln. ■Inorganic materials such as asbestos magnesium carbonate and glass powder have a melting point of 5
Since the temperature decreases from 0 to 100°C, the energy and time required for firing can be significantly reduced. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic plates according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(a) to (hl are explanatory diagrams showing an example of a continuous forming band, and FIG. It is a perspective view showing a part of the furnace. 1... Clay, 1... Clay kneading machine, 5... Covering material feeder, 10... Traveling cutter, 12-... Calcining furnace, A.・・・
Continuous molded band, A'... Composite continuous band, C... Long ceramic plate. Fig. 2 (α) f8 (b) , A (c) , , A (c1 Fig. + z, 'i point &' Figure 3;

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A clay kneading machine that continuously extrudes a clay-based raw material, and a coating material made of ceramic paper is laminated and coated on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the continuous formed band sent out from the clay kneading machine. A coating material feeder, a dryer that dries the composite continuous strip laminated with the coating material as a continuous strip in a short time, a cutting machine that cuts the continuous strip delivered from the dryer into a fixed length, and the cutting device. 1. An apparatus for manufacturing a long ceramic plate, comprising a firing furnace for firing a fixed length dried plate.