TW201622722A - 自分泌運動因子(autotaxin)抑制劑 - Google Patents
自分泌運動因子(autotaxin)抑制劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201622722A TW201622722A TW104113091A TW104113091A TW201622722A TW 201622722 A TW201622722 A TW 201622722A TW 104113091 A TW104113091 A TW 104113091A TW 104113091 A TW104113091 A TW 104113091A TW 201622722 A TW201622722 A TW 201622722A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- halogen
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- salt
- alkyl
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- 102100021977 Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 Human genes 0.000 title abstract description 35
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/04—Antipruritics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/56—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D211/58—Nitrogen atoms attached in position 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D249/04—1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D263/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D263/36—One oxygen atom
- C07D263/38—One oxygen atom attached in position 2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
- C07D265/30—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines not condensed with other rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D451/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof
- C07D451/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof
- C07D451/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof with hetero atoms directly attached in position 3 of the 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or in position 7 of the 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring system
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Abstract
本發明係關於為自分泌運動因子(autotaxin)抑制劑之新穎化合物、其製備方法、含有其之醫藥組合物及醫藥以及其在治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況中之用途。
Description
本發明係關於為自分泌運動因子(autotaxin)抑制劑之新穎化合物、其製備方法、含有其之醫藥組合物及醫藥以及其在由自分泌運動因子介導之疾病及病症中之用途。
自分泌運動因子(ATX)亦稱作核苷酸內焦磷酸酶/磷酸二酯酶(ENPP2),其係已知具有溶血磷脂酶D活性之經分泌胞外酶(Umezu-Goto等人,2002),且負責藉由水解溶血磷脂醯膽鹼(LPC)產生生物活性脂質介質溶血磷脂酸(LPA)(Tokumura等人,2002)。LPA與眾多生理病理疾病(包括癌症(Liu等人,2009;Mills & Moolenaar,2003)、神經病變性疼痛(Inoue等人,2004)及纖維化(Tager等人,2008))之致病機制高度相關。在產生LPA後,脂質結合至特異性G蛋白偶聯受體,該等受體有7種已知同種型(Noguchi等人,2009)。LPA之結合活化多種信號傳導途徑(Mills & Moolenaar,2003),包括細胞遷移(van Dijk等人,1998)、增殖及存活(Brindley,2004)。其他細胞反應包括平滑肌收縮、細胞凋亡及血小板聚集(Tigyi & Parrill,2003)。
ATX最初在自人類A2058黑色素瘤細胞分離後鑒定為細胞運動刺激因子(Stracke等人,1992)。對酶之後續工作因其在許多癌症類型中之異常表現而專注於其作為運動因子之作用,該等癌症類型包括乳癌及腎癌(Stassar等人,2001)、霍奇金氏淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)
(Baumforth等人,2005)、濾泡性淋巴瘤(Masuda等人,2008),以及肺及腎之纖維化(Hama等人,2004)。在其發現後十年,ATX經表徵為分泌之溶血磷脂酶(lysoPLD)(Tokumura等人,2002;Gesta等人,2002)。自那時以來,ATX基因敲除小鼠已顯示,ATX-LPA信號傳導軸在心血管及神經系統之胚胎發育期間發揮重要作用(Tanaka等人,2006;van Meeteren等人,2006),從而導致早期胚胎致死(Bachner等人,1999)。
ATX屬由基因ENPP編碼之稱為核苷酸焦磷酸酶/磷酸二酯酶(NPP)之蛋白質之家族。該家族由在脊椎動物內保守之7種結構相關的酶(ENPP 1-7)組成,該等酶係根據其發現來編號。其最初係藉由其在活體外水解各種核苷酸及核苷酸衍生物之焦磷酸酯或磷酸二酯鍵之能力來定義(Stefan等人,1999;Goding等人,1998;Gijsbers等人,2001),但ENPP2及磷酸膽鹼酯(ENPP6及ENPP7)對其他細胞外非核苷酸分子具有特異性活性。ENPP2(ATX)在該家族內係獨一無二的,此乃因其係唯一的分泌蛋白,而其他ENPP成員係跨膜蛋白(Stefan等人,2005)。
WO02/100352(Merck)及WO 02/080928(Merck)係關於用於治療或預防偏頭痛之N-取代之非芳基-雜環烷基醯胺基NMDA/NR2B受體拮抗劑。
WO2010/115491(Merck)及WO 2009/046841(Merck)係關於作為ATX抑制劑之六氫吡啶及六氫吡嗪衍生物。
WO2010/112116(Merck)及WO 2010/112124(Merck)係關於作為ATX抑制劑之雜環化合物且WO 2011/044978(Merck)係關於用於治療腫瘤之亞碸衍生物。
因此,業內急需ATX之其他有效抑制劑。
在第一態樣中,本發明係關於式(I)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
A’係選自O、S及NR2a;A”係選自O及S;Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(R3)-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-N(R3)-、-N(R3)-及-CH2-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-且A不為HO-C(=O)-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;且其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-且A係HO-C(=O)-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於7;或
A-Y1-X-係
L係選自
W係CH或N;Z係選自CH2、O及NR5c;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-、-(CR6cR6d)-O-、-CH=CH-、-CR6eR6f-CR6gR6h-及-O-(CR6iR6j-CR6kR6l)-;R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;R1c係鹵素;且R1a及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基;R1d係C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或CN;R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(d)R1b係CN;R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(e)R1b係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;且R1d係H或CN;(f)R1a係鹵素;R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;(g)R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1b及R1e係H;且R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或H;
R2係選自H、C1-4烷基及鹵素;R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d、R5a、R5b、R5c、R6a、R6b、R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g、R6h、R6i、R6j、R6k及R6l獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
在其他態樣中,本發明係關於包含第一態樣之化合物之醫藥組合物及組合,且係關於第一態樣之該等化合物在治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況中之用途。
在本發明之實施例1中,提供式(I)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
A’係選自O、S及NR2a;A”係選自O及S;
Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(R3)-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-N(R3)-、-N(R3)-及-CH2-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-且A不為HO-C(=O)-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;且其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-且A係HO-C(=O)-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於7;或A-Y1-X-係
L係選自
W係CH或N;Z係選自CH2、O及NR5c;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-、-(CR6cR6d)-O-、-CH=CH-、-CR6eR6f-CR6gR6h-及-O-(CR6iR6j-CR6kR6l)-;R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;R1c係鹵素;且R1a及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基;R1d係C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或
CN;R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(d)R1b係CN;R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(e)R1b係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;且R1d係H或CN;(f)R1a係鹵素;R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;(g)R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1b及R1e係H;且R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或H;R2係選自H、C1-4烷基及鹵素;R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d、R5a、R5b、R5c、R6a、R6b、R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g、R6h、R6i、R6j、R6k及R6l獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
在本發明之實施例1.1中,提供式(I)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
A’係選自O、S及NR2a;A”係選自O及S;Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(R3)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(R3)-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-且A不為HO-C(=O)-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;且其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-且A係HO-C(=O)-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於7;或A-Y1-X-係
L係選自
W係CH或N;Z係選自CH2、O及NR5c;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-、-(CR6cR6d)-O-、-CH=CH-、-CR6eR6f-CR6gR6h-及-O-(CR6iR6j-CR6kR6l)-;R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;R1c係鹵素;且R1a及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基;R1d係C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或CN;R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(d)R1b係CN;R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(e)R1b係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;且R1d係H或CN;(f)R1a係鹵素;R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;(g)R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1b及R1e係H;且R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或H;R2係選自H、C1-4烷基及鹵素;R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d、R5a、R5b、R5c、R6a、R6b、R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g、R6h、R6i、R6j、R6k及R6l獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
在本發明之實施例1.2中,提供式(I)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
A’係選自O、S及NR2a;A”係選自O及S;Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(R3)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(R3)-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;或A-Y1-X-係
L係選自
W係CH或N;Z係選自CH2、O及NR5c;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-、-(CR6cR6d)-O-、-CH=CH-及-CR6eR6f-CR6gR6h-;R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b及R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1a及R1c係鹵素,且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;(c)R1c係C1-4鹵烷基、尤其CF3,或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1b及R1e係H,且R1d係鹵素、C1-4烷基、尤其甲基,或H;(d)R1b係C1-4鹵烷基、尤其CF3,或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H,且R1d係鹵素、C1-4烷基、尤其甲基,或H;(e)R1b係C1-4烷基,R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;且(f)R1b係CN,R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;R2係選自H、C1-4烷基及鹵素;R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d、R5a、R5b、R5c、R6a、R6b、R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g及R6h獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
在本發明之實施例2中,提供式(I)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
A’係選自O、S及NR2a;A”係選自O及S;Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(R3)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(R3)-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;或A-Y1-X-係
L係選自
W係CH或N;Z係選自CH2、O及NR5c;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-、-(CR6cR6d)-O-、-CH=CH-及-CR6eR6f-CR6gR6h-;R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b及R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1c係C1-4鹵烷基、尤其CF3,且R1a、R1b、R1d及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基,R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(d)R1b係CN,R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;且(e)R1a及R1c係鹵素,且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;R2係選自H、C1-4烷基及鹵素;
R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d、R5a、R5b、R5c、R6a、R6b、R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g及R6h獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
如本文所使用,「鹵基」或「鹵素」可為氟、氯、溴或碘。
如本文所使用,「C1-4烷基」表示具有1個至4個碳原子之直鏈或具支鏈烷基。若指明碳原子數不同(例如C6或C3),則定義應作相應修改,例如,「C1-C4烷基」將代表甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基及第三丁基。
如本文所使用,「C1-C4鹵烷基」表示具有1個至4個碳原子之直鏈或具支鏈烷基,其中至少一個氫經鹵素取代。若指明碳原子數不同(例如C6或C3),則定義應作相應修改,例如,「C1-C4-鹵烷基」將代表至少一個氫經鹵素取代之甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基及第三丁基,例如其中鹵素係氟:CF3CF2-、(CF3)2CH-、CH3-CF2-、CF3CF2-、CF3、CF2H-、CF3CF2CHCF3或CF3CF2CF2CF2-。
如本文所使用,「C1-4鹵烷氧基」係指-O-C1-4烷基,其中C1-4烷基係如本文所定義且經一或多個鹵素基團取代,例如-O-CF3。
除非本文另外指明或上下文明顯矛盾,否則本發明上下文(尤其在申請專利範圍之上下文)中使用之術語「一」(a、an)、「該」(the)及類似術語應理解為涵蓋單數及複數二者。
如本文所使用,術語「個體」係指動物。通常,該動物係哺乳動物。個體亦係指(例如)靈長類動物(例如,人類,男性或女性)、牛、綿羊、山羊、馬、狗、貓、兔、大鼠、小鼠、魚、鳥及諸如此類。在某些實施例中,該個體係靈長類動物。在又一些實施例中,該個體係人類。
如本文所使用,術語「抑制(inhibit、inhibition或inhibiting)」係
指減輕或阻抑給定病況、症狀或病症或疾病,或顯著降低生物活性或過程之基線活性。
在一個實施例中,如本文所使用,術語「治療(treat、treating或treatment)」任一疾病或病症係指改善該疾病或病症(即,減緩或阻止或減小該疾病或其至少一種臨床症狀的發展)。在另一實施例中,「治療」係指減輕或改善包括彼等不能為患者覺察到之物理參數的至少一個物理參數。在又一實施例中,「治療」係指在物理方面調節疾病或病症(例如,穩定可覺察到之症狀)或在生理學方面調節疾病或病症(例如,穩定物理參數)或二者皆有。在又一實施例中,「治療」係指預防或延遲疾病或病症之開始或發展或進展。
如本文所使用,若個體可在生物學方面、醫學方面或生命品質方面受益於治療,則該個體「需要」該治療。
如本文所使用,當一個實施例藉由使用術語「根據......中任一者」(例如「根據實施例1至5中任一者」)來提及若干其他實施例時,則該實施例不僅係指由整數(例如1及2)指示之實施例,且亦指由具有小數部分之數值(例如1.1、1.2或2.1、2.2、2.3)指示之實施例。例如,「根據實施例1至3中任一者」意指根據實施例1、1.1、2、3、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7中任一者。
本文闡述本發明之各個實施例。應認識到,在每一實施例中所指明之各特徵可與其他指明之特徵組合以提供其他實施例。
在本發明之實施例3中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素,R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係鹵素,R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵
烷氧基,R1c係鹵素,且R1a及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基,R1d係C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或CN,R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(d)R1b係CN,R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(f)R1a係鹵素,R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;且(g)R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1b及R1e係H,且R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,或H。
在本發明之實施例3.1中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素,R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基,R1d係C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或CN,R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(f)R1a係鹵素,R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;且(g)R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,且R1a、R1b及R1e係H,且R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基,或H。
在本發明之實施例3.2中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係氟、氯或溴;R1d係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基
或三氟甲氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(c)R1b係甲基;R1d係甲基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基或CN;R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(f)R1a係氟、氯或溴;R1c係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基;且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;且(g)R1c係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基;且R1a、R1b及R1e係H;且R1d係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基或H。
在本發明之實施例3.3中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1b係氟、氯或溴;R1d係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例3.4中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1b係甲基;R1d係甲基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基或CN;R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例3.5中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1a係氟、氯或溴;R1c係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基;且R1b、R1d及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例3.6中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R1c係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基;且R1a、R1b及R1e係H;且R1d係氟、氯、溴、CN、甲基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基或H。
在本發明之實施例3.7中,提供根據實施例1至2中任一者之化合
物或鹽,其中R1b及R1d係鹵素,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例4中,提供根據實施例3.7之化合物或鹽,其中R1b及R1d係氯,且R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例4.1中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係CN,Rd係甲基,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.2中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係氟,Rd係氯,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.3中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係氯,Rc係氯,且Ra、Rd及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.4中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係CN,Rd係氯,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.5中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係甲基,Rd係甲基,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.6中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rc係CF3,且Ra、Rb、Rd及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.7中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係甲基,Rd係氯,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.8中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係甲基,Rd係CF3,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.9中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係溴,Rd係CF3,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.10中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係CN,Rd係CF3,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.11中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Rb係OCF3,Rd係氯,且Ra、Rc及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例4.12中,提供根據實施例1至3中任一者之化合
物或鹽,其中Rb係氯,Rc係氟,Rd係CN,且Ra及Re係H。
在本發明之實施例5中,提供根據實施例1至4中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Y3係選自-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-O-、-CH=CH-、-CH2-CH2-及-O-(CH2-CH2)-。
在本發明之實施例5.1中,提供根據實施例1至4中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Y3係-O-(CR6aR6b)-或-(CR6cR6d)-O-,尤其-O-(CR6aR6b)-。
在本發明之實施例6中,提供根據實施例1至5中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中X係選自-N(R3)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(R3)-,尤其-N(H)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(H)-。
在本發明之實施例6.1中,提供根據實施例1至5中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(H)-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-N(H)-及-C(=O)-N(CH3)-。
在本發明之實施例7中,提供根據實施例1至6中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中L係選自
在本發明之實施例7.1中,提供根據實施例1至6中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中L係選自
在本發明之實施例8中,提供根據實施例1至7中任一者之具有式(II)之化合物或鹽
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
在本發明之實施例8.1中,提供根據實施例1至7中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2及3;且其中m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5。
在本發明之實施例9中,提供根據實施例8之化合物或鹽,其中m係選自2及3,且n係選自0及1;或m係選自0及1,且n係選自2及3。
在本發明之實施例10中,提供根據實施例9之化合物或鹽,其中m係選自2及3,且n係0。
在本發明之實施例11中,提供根據實施例10之化合物或鹽,其中
m係3,且n係0。
在本發明之實施例12中,提供根據實施例1至11中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中X係-C(=O)-N(R3)-。
在本發明之實施例13中,提供根據實施例1至12中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中A係選自
在本發明之實施例14中,提供根據實施例13之化合物或鹽,其中A係選自
在本發明之實施例15中,提供根據實施例14之化合物或鹽,其中A係
在本發明之實施例16.2中,提供根據實施例1至5中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中A-Y1-X-Y2-L-係選自
在本發明之實施例17中,提供根據實施例1至6中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中W係CH。
在本發明之實施例18中,提供式(I)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;X係選自-C(=O)-、-N(R3)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(R3)-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;
m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中當Y1係-(CR2bR2c)m-時,m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;L係選自
W係CH或N;Z係選自CH2、O及NR5c;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-、-(CR6cR6d)-O-、-CH=CH-、-CR6eR6f-CR6gR6h-及-O-(CR6iR6j-CR6kR6l)-;R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;R1c係鹵素;且R1a及R1e係H;(c)R1b係C1-4烷基;R1d係C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或CN;R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(d)R1b係CN;R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e
係H;(e)R1b係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;且R1d係H或CN;(f)R1a係鹵素;R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1b、R1d及R1e係H;(g)R1c係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1b及R1e係H;且R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基、C1-4鹵烷氧基或H;R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R5a、R5b、R5c、R6a、R6b、R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g、R6h、R6i、R6j、R6k及R6l獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
在本發明之實施例19中,提供式(II)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
Y1係-C(=O)-(CR2bR2c)m-或-C(OH)-(CR2bR2c)m-;
X係選自-N(R3)-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-N(R3)-;Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-;m係選自0、1、2、3及4;n係選自0、1、2、3、4及5;其中m及n之總和不小於2且不大於5;W係CH或N;Y3係選自-O-(CR6aR6b)-及-CH=CH-,R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項中之任一項來定義:(a)R1b係鹵素;R1d係鹵素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係CN;R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;R2b、R2c、R3、R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d、R6a及R6b獨立地選自H及C1-4烷基。
在本發明之實施例20中,提供式(IV)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
Y1 is-C(=O)-(CH2)m-或-C(OH)-(CH2)m-;X係選自-NH-C(=O)-及-C(=O)-NH-;
Y2係-(CH2)n-;m係選自2及3,且n係選自0及1;或m係選自0及1,且n係選自2及3;Y3係選自-O-(CH2)-,R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項來定義:(a)R1b係氯;R1d係鹵素且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;(b)R1b係CN;R1d係C1-4鹵烷基或C1-4鹵烷氧基;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例21中,提供式(IV)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
Y1 is-C(=O)-(CH2)m-或-C(OH)-(CH2)m-;X係-C(=O)-NH-;Y2係-(CH2)n-;m係選自2及3,且n係選自0及1;Y3係-O-(CH2)-,R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項來定義:(a)R1b及R1d係氯且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;或(b)R1b係CN;R1d係CF3或OCF3;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例22中,提供式(IV)之化合物
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中A係選自
Y1 is-C(=O)-(CH2)m-或-C(OH)-(CH2)m-;X係-C(=O)-NH-;Y2係-(CH2)n-;m係3,且n係0;Y3係-O-(CH2)-,R1a、R1b、R1c、R1d及R1e係根據以下各項來定義:(a)R1b及R1d係氯且R1a、R1c及R1e係H;或(b)R1b係CN;R1d係CF3;且R1a、R1c及R1e係H。
在本發明之實施例23中,提供根據實施例1至7中任一者之式(III)之化合物或鹽
或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
在本發明之實施例24中,提供根據實施例23之化合物或鹽,其中L係選自
及
在本發明之實施例25中,提供根據實施例23或24之化合物或鹽,其中Y2係-(CR4aR4b)n-,且n係1或2,尤其2。
在本發明之實施例26中,提供根據實施例18至20中任一者之化合物或鹽,其中R4c係甲基或乙基且R4d係甲基或H。
在本發明之實施例27中,提供根據實施例1之化合物,其選自由以下組成之群:4-(4-側氧基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯;4-(4-羥基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯;或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
在本發明之實施例28中,提供根據實施例1之化合物,其係4-(4-側氧基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯。
在本發明之實施例29中,提供根據實施例1之化合物,其係4-(4-羥基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯。
術語「本發明之化合物(compounds of the(present)invention或a compound of the(present)invention)」係指如在實施例1至29中之任一者中定義之化合物。
本發明化合物可藉由實例及附錄1中所闡述之途徑來製備或可根據已知方法來製備。
在本文範圍內,除非上下文另外指明,否則僅將不為本發明化合物之尤其期望最終產物之成份之易於去除之基團稱為「保護基團」。該等保護基團對官能基之保護、保護基團本身及其裂解反應闡述於(例如)標準參考著作中,例如J.F.W.McOmie,「Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry」,Plenum Press,London and New York,1973;T.W.Greene及P.G.M.Wuts,「Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis」,第3版,Wiley,New York 1999;「The Peptides」,第3卷(編者:E.Gross及J.Meienhofer),Academic Press,London and New York,1981;「Methoden der organischen Chemie」(Methods of Organic Chemistry),Houben Weyl,第4版,第15/I卷,Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart 1974;H.-D.Jakubke及H.Jeschkeit,「Aminosäuren,Peptide,Proteine」(Amino acids,Peptides,Proteins),Verlag Chemie,Weinheim,Deerfield Beach and Basel 1982;及Jochen Lehmann,「Chemie der Kohlenhydrate:Monosaccharide und Derivate」(Chemistry of Carbohydrates:Monosaccharides and Derivatives),Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart 1974。保護基團之特徵在於其可易於藉由(例如)溶劑分解、還原、光解或另一選擇為在生理學條件下(例如藉由酶裂解)去除(亦即,並不發生不期望之二級反應)。
具有至少一個鹽形成基團之本發明化合物之鹽可以熟悉此項技術者已知之方式來製備。例如,具有酸基團之本發明化合物之鹽可藉由(例如)用以下化合物處理該等化合物來形成:金屬化合物(例如適宜有機羧酸之鹼金屬鹽,例如2-乙基己酸之鈉鹽)、有機鹼金屬或鹼土金屬化合物(例如相應氫氧化物、碳酸鹽或碳酸氫鹽,例如鈉或鉀之氫氧化物、碳酸鹽或碳酸氫鹽)、相應鈣化合物或氨或適宜有機胺,較佳地使用化學計量量或僅稍稍過量之鹽形成劑。本發明化合物之酸加成鹽係以常用方式獲得,例如藉由利用酸或適宜陰離子交換試劑處理化合物。含有酸及鹼鹽形成基團(例如自由羧基及自由胺基)之本發明化合物之內鹽可藉由(例如)利用(例如)弱鹼將鹽(例如酸加成鹽)中和至等電點或藉由用離子交換劑處理來形成。
鹽可根據熟悉此項技術者已知之方法轉化成游離化合物。金屬及銨鹽可藉由(例如)用適宜酸處理來轉化,且酸加成鹽可藉由(例如)用適宜鹼性劑處理來轉化。
可根據本發明獲得之異構物之混合物可以熟悉此項技術者已知之方式分離成個別異構物;非鏡像異構物可藉由以下來分離:例如,分配在多相溶劑混合物之間,重結晶及/或(例如)在矽膠上進行層析分離,或(例如)在反相管柱上進行中壓液相層析,且外消旋物可藉由以下來分離:例如,利用光學純的鹽形成試劑形成鹽,並藉助(例如)分段結晶或藉由在光學活性管柱材料上層析來分離可如此獲得之非鏡像異構物之混合物。
可根據標準方法(例如,使用層析方法、分佈方法、(重)結晶及諸如此類)對中間體及最終產物實施處理及/或純化。
一般而言,下列內容適用於上文及下文所述之所有製程。
所有上述製程步驟皆可在熟習此項技術者已知之反應條件下實施,該等條件包括彼等具體所述者:在溶劑或稀釋劑不存在或(通常)
存在下,該等溶劑或稀釋劑包括(例如)對所用試劑呈惰性並使其溶解之溶劑或稀釋劑;在觸媒、縮合劑或中和劑(例如離子交換劑,例如陽離子交換劑,例如,呈H+形式,此端視反應及/或反應物之性質而定)不存在或存在下;在降低之溫度、正常溫度或升高之溫度下(例如溫度在約-100℃至約190℃範圍內,包括(例如)大約-80℃至大約150℃,例如在-80℃至-60℃下,在室溫下,在-20℃至40℃下或在回流溫度下);在大氣壓力下或在密閉器皿中,若適宜,該器皿係在壓力下及/或在惰性氣氛中,例如在氬或氮氣氛中。
在該等反應之所有階段,可以(例如)與在「其他製程步驟」下所闡述之方法類似之方式將所形成異構物之混合物分離成個別異構物(例如,非鏡像異構物或鏡像異構物)或任何期望之異構物混合物(例如,非鏡像異構物之外消旋物或混合物)。
除非在闡述該等製程時另外指明,否則可自其選擇彼等適用於任一特定反應之溶劑的溶劑包括彼等具體所述者,或(例如)水、酯(例如低碳數烷基-低碳數鏈烷酸酯,例如乙酸乙酯)、醚(例如脂肪族醚,例如二乙醚)或環醚(例如四氫呋喃或二噁烷)、液體芳香族烴(例如苯或甲苯)、醇(例如甲醇、乙醇或1-丙醇或2-丙醇)、腈(例如乙腈)、鹵代烴(例如二氯甲烷或氯仿)、醯胺(例如二甲基甲醯胺或二甲基乙醯胺)、鹼(例如雜環狀氮鹼,例如吡啶或N-甲基吡咯啶-2-酮)、羧酸酐(例如低碳數鏈烷酸酐,例如,乙酸酐)、環狀/直鏈或具支鏈烴(例如環己烷、己烷或異戊烷、甲基環己烷)或彼等溶劑之混合物(例如水溶液)。該等溶劑混合物亦可藉由(例如)層析或分配用於處理中。
本發明化合物(包括其鹽)亦可以水合物形式獲得,或其晶體可(例如)包括用於結晶之溶劑。可存在不同之晶型。
本發明亦係關於下列製程之形式:其中在可該製程任一階段作為中間體獲得之化合物係用作起始材料並實施其餘製程步驟,或其中
起始材料係在反應條件下形成或以衍生物形式(例如以受保護形式或以鹽形式)使用,或可藉由本發明製程獲得之化合物係在製程條件下產生並進一步經受原位處理。
用於合成本發明化合物之所有起始材料、建構組元、試劑、酸、鹼、脫水劑、溶劑及觸媒皆可自市面購得,或可藉由熟習此項技術者已知之有機合成方法產生。
如本文所使用,術語「光學異構物」或「立體異構物」係指對於本發明之給定化合物可存在之各種立體異構組態中之任一者且包括幾何異構物。應瞭解,取代基可附接在碳原子之對掌性中心處。術語「對掌性」係指具有與其鏡像配偶體不重疊之性質的分子,而術語「非對掌性」係指與其鏡像配偶體可重疊之分子。因此,本發明包括本發明化合物之鏡像異構物、非鏡像異構物或外消旋物。「鏡像異構物」係一對彼此為不可重疊鏡像之立體異構物。鏡像異構物對之1:1混合物為「外消旋」混合物。若適宜,該術語用於指定外消旋混合物。「非鏡像異構物」係具有至少兩個不對稱原子但彼此不為鏡像之立體異構物。根據Cahn-lngold-Prelog R-S系統來說明絕對立體化學。當化合物係純鏡像異構物時,每一對掌性碳之立體化學可指定為R或S。絕對組態未知之拆分化合物可端視其在鈉D線波長下旋轉平面偏振光之方向(右旋或左旋)而指定為(+)或(-)。本文所闡述之某些本發明化合物可含有一或多個不對稱中心或軸且可由此產生鏡像異構物、非鏡像異構物及其他立體異構形式,該等形式可根據絕對立體化學定義為(R)-或(S)-。
端視起始材料及程序之選擇,本發明化合物可以一種可能異構物或其混合物之形式存在,例如純光學異構物或異構物混合物,例如外消旋物及非鏡像異構物混合物(端視不對稱碳原子之數量而定)。本發明意欲包括所有該等可能異構物,包括外消旋混合物、非鏡像異構
物混合物及光學純形式。可使用對掌性合成子或對掌性試劑來製備光學活性(R)-及(S)-異構物或使用習用技術進行拆分。若本發明化合物含有雙鍵,則取代基可為E或Z組態。若本發明化合物含有二取代之環烷基,則環烷基取代基可具有順式或反式組態。所有互變異構形式(例如對於實施例1中之基團A)亦皆意欲包括在內。
如本文所使用,術語「鹽(salt或salts)」係指本發明化合物之酸加成鹽或鹼加成鹽。「鹽」尤其包括「醫藥上可接受之鹽」。術語「醫藥上可接受之鹽」係指保留有本發明化合物之生物有效性及性質且通常在生物發麵或在其他方面合意之鹽。在許多情形下,本發明化合物能夠藉助所存在胺基及/或羧基或類似於其之基團形成酸式及/或鹼式鹽。
可使用無機酸及有機酸來形成醫藥上可接受之酸加成鹽,例如,乙酸鹽、天冬胺酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽、溴化物/氫溴酸鹽、碳酸氫鹽/碳酸鹽、硫酸氫鹽/硫酸鹽、樟腦磺酸鹽、氯化物/鹽酸鹽、氯茶鹼鹽、檸檬酸鹽、乙二磺酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、葡庚糖酸鹽、葡糖酸鹽、葡糖醛酸鹽、馬尿酸鹽、氫碘酸鹽/碘化物、羥乙磺酸鹽、乳酸鹽、乳糖酸鹽、月桂基硫酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、丙二酸鹽、苦杏仁酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、甲基硫酸鹽、萘酸鹽、萘磺酸鹽、菸鹼酸鹽、硝酸鹽、十八烷酸鹽、油酸鹽、草酸鹽、棕櫚酸鹽、雙羥萘酸鹽、磷酸鹽/磷酸氫鹽/磷酸二氫鹽、聚半乳糖醛酸鹽、丙酸鹽、硬脂酸鹽、琥珀酸鹽、磺基水楊酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、甲苯磺酸鹽及三氟乙酸鹽。
因此,在實施例30中,提供根據實施例27至29中任一者之化合物之醫藥上可接受之鹽,其中該鹽係選自氯化物/鹽酸鹽。
可自其衍生鹽之無機酸包括(例如)鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸及諸如此類。
可自其衍生鹽之有機酸包括(例如)乙酸、丙酸、羥乙酸、草酸、馬來酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富馬酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、苯甲酸、苦杏仁酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、甲苯磺酸、磺基水楊酸及諸如此類。可使用無機鹼及有機鹼來形成醫藥上可接受之鹼加成鹽。
可自其衍生鹽之無機鹼包括(例如)銨鹽及來自週期表第I行至第XII行之金屬。在某些實施例中,鹽係衍生自鈉、鉀、銨、鈣、鎂、鐵、銀、鋅及銅;尤其適宜之鹽包括銨鹽、鉀鹽、鈉鹽、鈣鹽及鎂鹽。
可自其衍生鹽之有機鹼包括(例如)一級、二級及三級胺、包括天然存在之經取代胺之經取代胺、環狀胺、鹼性離子交換樹脂及諸如此類。某些有機胺包括異丙基胺、苄星青黴素(benzathine)、膽茶鹼、二乙醇胺、二乙胺、離胺酸、葡甲胺、六氫吡嗪及胺丁三醇。
本發明化合物之醫藥上可接受之鹽可自鹼性或酸性部分藉由習用化學方法來合成。通常,該等鹽可藉由使本發明化合物之游離酸形式與化學計量量之適當鹼(諸如Na、Ca、Mg或K之氫氧化物、碳酸鹽、碳酸氫鹽或諸如此類)反應來製備,或藉由使本發明化合物之游離鹼形式與化學計量量之適當酸反應來製備。該等反應通常係在水或有機溶劑或二者之混合物中實施。一般而言,若可行,則期望使用非水性介質,例如,醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、異丙醇或乙腈。其他適宜鹽之列表可參見(例如)「Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences」,第20版,Mack Publishing公司,Easton,Pa.,(1985);及「Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts:Properties,Selection,and Use」,Stahl及Wermuth(Wiley-VCH,Weinheim,Germany,2002)。
本文所給出之任一式亦意欲代表本發明化合物之未經標記形式以及經同位素標記形式。經同位素標記之本發明化合物具有由本文所給出式繪示之結構,惟一或多個原子經具有選定原子質量或質量數之
原子替代。可納入本發明化合物中之同位素的實例包括氫、碳、氮、氧、磷、氟及氯之同位素,例如分別為2H、3H、11C、13C、14C、15N、18F、31P、32P、35S、36Cl、125I。本發明包括各種經同位素標記之本發明化合物,例如彼等存在放射性同位素(例如3H及14C)者或彼等存在非放射性同位素(例如2H及13C)者。該等經同位素標記之本發明化合物可用於代謝研究(14C)、反應動力學研究(例如,2H或3H)、檢測或成像技術(例如正電子發射斷層攝影術(PET)或單光子發射電腦斷層攝影術(SPECT),包括藥物或受質組織分佈分析)或患者之放射性治療。
尤其地,18F或經標記之本發明化合物可為PET或SPECT研究尤其需要。經同位素標記之本發明化合物通常可藉由熟習此項技術者已知之習用技術來製備,或可藉由與彼等闡述於隨附一般方案、實例及製備中者類似之製程使用經適當同位素標記之試劑代替先前採用的非標記試劑來製備。
此外,經較重同位素、尤其氘(亦即,2H或D)取代可因代謝穩定性較大而提供某些治療優點,例如,活體內半衰期延長或劑量需求減少或治療指數改良。應瞭解,在此背景下認為氘係本發明化合物之取代基。此一較重同位素(具體而言氘)之濃度可定義為同位素富集因子。如本文所使用,術語「同位素富集因子」意指指定同位素之同位素豐度與天然豐度之間之比率。若本發明化合物中之取代基指定為氘,則該化合物之每一指定氘原子之同位素富集因子為至少3500(在每一指定氘原子處納入52.5%氘)、至少4000(納入60%氘)、至少4500(納入67.5%氘)、至少5000(納入75%氘)、至少5500(納入82.5%氘)、至少6000(納入90%氘)、至少6333.3(納入95%氘)、至少6466.7(納入97%氘)、至少6600(納入99%氘)或至少6633.3(納入99.5%氘)。
本發明之醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物包括彼等其中結晶溶劑可經同位素取代者,例如,D2O、d6-丙酮、d6-DMSO。
本發明化合物(亦即含有能夠起氫鍵之供體及/或受體作用之某些基團之本發明化合物)可能夠利用適宜共晶體形成劑形成共晶體。該等共晶體可藉由已知共晶體形成程序自本發明化合物製得。該等程序包括在結晶條件下在本發明化合物之溶液中與共晶體形成劑一起研磨、加熱、共昇華、共熔融、或接觸及分離藉此形成之共晶體。適宜共晶體形成劑包括彼等闡述於WO 2004/078163中者。因此,本發明進一步提供包含本發明化合物之共晶體。
本發明化合物之任一不對稱原子(例如,碳或諸如此類)可以外消旋異構物或鏡像異構物富集形式存在,例如(R)-、(S)-或(R,S)-組態。
在某些實施例中,每一不對稱原子在(R)-或(S)-組態中皆具有至少50%鏡像異構物過量、至少60%鏡像異構物過量、至少70%鏡像異構物過量、至少80%鏡像異構物過量、至少90%鏡像異構物過量、至少95%鏡像異構物過量或至少99%鏡像異構物過量。原子上具有不飽和雙鍵之取代基若可能則可以順式-(Z)-或反式-(E)-形式存在。
因此,如本文所使用,本發明化合物可以可能之異構物、旋轉異構物、阻轉異構物、互變異構物或其混合物中的一種形式存在,例如,為實質上純之幾何(順式或反式)異構物、非鏡像異構物、光學異構物(對映體)、外消旋異構物或其混合物。
任何所得異構物混合物皆可基於各成份之物理化學差異(例如)藉由層析及/或分段結晶分離成純的或實質上純的幾何或光學異構物、非鏡像異構物、外消旋異構物。
可藉由已知方法將最終產物或中間體之任何所得外消旋異構物拆分成光學對映體,例如,藉由分離使用光學活性酸或鹼獲得之其非鏡像異構物鹽並釋放光學活性酸性或鹼性化合物。尤其地,由此可使用鹼性部分藉由(例如)分段結晶用光學活性酸(例如酒石酸、二苯甲醯基酒石酸、二乙醯基酒石酸、二-O,O’-對-甲苯甲醯基酒石酸、苦杏仁
酸、蘋果酸或樟腦-10-磺酸)所形成之鹽將本發明化合物拆分成其光學對映體。亦可使用對掌性吸附劑藉由對掌性層析(例如高壓液相層析(HPLC))來拆分外消旋產物。
此外,本發明化合物(包括其鹽)亦可以其水合物形式獲得,或包括其他用於其結晶之溶劑。本發明化合物可固有地或經設計與醫藥上可接受之溶劑(包括水)形成溶劑合物;因此,預計本發明涵蓋溶劑化及未溶劑化形式二者。術語「溶劑合物」係指本發明化合物(包括其醫藥上可接受之鹽)與一或多種溶劑分子之分子複合物。該等溶劑分子係彼等在醫藥領域中常用且已知對受試者無害者,例如,水、乙醇及諸如此類。術語「水合物」係指溶劑分子係水的複合物。
本發明化合物(包括其鹽、水合物及溶劑合物)可固有地或經設計形成多型體。
本發明之呈游離形式或鹽形式之化合物呈現有價值之藥理性質,例如如在如本文提供之活體外測試中指明,且其因此經指示用於療法或用作研究化學品,例如用作工具化合物。
因此,在實施例31中,提供根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物,其用於藥品中。
根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物係ATX之有效抑制劑(參見本文所揭示之IC50數據)。因此,本發明之化合物可用於治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況。根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物尤其在更尤其以較高劑量經口投與後具有有利的藥物動力學性質。根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物具有尤其有利的穩定性及吸收性質。
因此,在實施例32中,提供根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物,其用於治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況。在實施例33中,提供根據實施例1至34中任一者之化合物之用途,其用於治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況。在實施例34中,提供根據實施
例1至29中任一者之化合物之用途,其用於製造用以治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況之醫藥。在實施例35中,提供治療ATX依賴性或ATX介導之疾病或病況之方法,其包含向個體投與治療有效量的根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物。
因此,在另一實施例36中,本發明之化合物可用於治療根據實施例32、33、34及35之疾病或病況,其中該疾病或病況係選自纖維化、瘙癢、硬化、癌症、糖尿病、腎病、氣喘、COPD及疼痛。
在實施例37中,本發明化合物可用於治療根據實施例36中之疾病或病況,其中該疾病或病況係選自肺纖維化、特發性肺纖維化、彌漫性實質性間質性肺病,包括醫源性藥物誘導之纖維化、職業及/或環境誘導之纖維化(農夫肺(Farmer lung))、輻射誘導之纖維化、博來黴素(bleomycin)誘導之肺纖維化、石棉誘導之肺纖維化、急性呼吸窘迫症候群(ARDS);腎纖維化、腎小管間質性纖維化、腸纖維化、肝纖維化、酒精誘導之肝纖維化、毒素/藥物誘導之肝纖維化、感染誘導之肝纖維化、病毒誘導之肝纖維化、皮膚纖維化(cutaneous fibrosis)、脊髓損傷/纖維化、骨髓纖維化、腎纖維化、皮膚纖維化(skin fibrosis)、眼睛纖維化、移植後纖維化、具有或沒有硬化之肝纖維化、心臟纖維化、神經病變性瘙癢、神經性瘙癢、精神性瘙癢、膽汁鬱積性瘙癢、原發性膽汁性硬化、肝硬化、乳癌、胰臟癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、神經膠質母細胞瘤、骨癌、結腸癌、腸癌、頭頸癌、糖尿病、多囊性腎病、急性腎損傷、慢性腎病、氣喘、COPD、神經病變性疼痛及癌症疼痛。
在實施例38中,本發明化合物可用於治療根據實施例37之疾病或病況,其中該疾病或病況係選自特發性肺纖維化、乳癌、胰臟癌、前列腺癌症、膽汁鬱積性瘙癢、原發性膽汁性硬化及多囊性腎病、尤其特發性肺纖維化。
本發明化合物將通常調配為醫藥組合物。
因此,在本發明之實施例39中,本發明提供醫藥組合物,其包含根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物或其醫藥上可接受之鹽及醫藥上可接受之載劑。
醫藥組合物可經調配用於特定投與途徑,例如,經口投與、非經腸投與及經直腸投與等。另外,本發明之醫藥組合物可製備成固體形式(包括(但不限於)膠囊、錠劑、丸劑、顆粒、粉劑或栓劑)或呈液體形式(包括(但不限於)溶液、懸浮液或乳液)。醫藥組合物可經受習用醫藥作業(例如滅菌)及/或可含有習用惰性稀釋劑、潤滑劑或緩衝劑以及佐劑,例如防腐劑、穩定劑、潤濕劑、乳化劑及緩衝劑等。
通常,醫藥組合物係包含活性成份以及以下物質之錠劑或明膠膠囊:a)稀釋劑,例如乳糖、右旋醣、蔗糖、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、纖維素及/或甘胺酸;b)潤滑劑,例如二氧化矽、滑石粉、硬脂酸、其鎂或鈣鹽及/或聚乙二醇;對於錠劑而言,亦包含c)黏合劑,例如矽酸鎂鋁、澱粉膏糊、明膠、黃蓍膠、甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉及/或聚乙烯吡咯啶酮;若需要包含d)崩解劑,例如澱粉、瓊脂、海藻酸或其鈉鹽或泡騰混合物;及/或e)吸收劑、著色劑、矯味劑及甜味劑。
錠劑可根據業內已知之方法經膜包衣或腸包衣。
適用於經口投與之組合物包括有效量之呈錠劑、菱形錠劑、水性或油性懸浮液、可分散粉劑或顆粒、乳液、硬或軟膠囊或糖漿或酏劑形式之本發明化合物。意欲口服使用之組合物係根據業內已知用於製造醫藥組合物之任一方法來製備,且該等組合物可含有一或多種選
自由甜味劑、矯味劑、著色劑及防腐劑組成之群的試劑以提供醫藥上美觀且可口之製劑。錠劑可含有活性成份與適於製造錠劑之醫藥上可接受之無毒賦形劑的混合物。該等賦形劑為(例如)惰性稀釋劑,例如,碳酸鈣、碳酸鈉、乳糖、磷酸鈣或磷酸鈉;造粒劑及崩解劑,例如,玉米澱粉或海藻酸;黏合劑,例如,澱粉、明膠或阿拉伯膠(acacia);及潤滑劑,例如,硬脂酸鎂、硬脂酸或滑石粉。該等錠劑未經包覆或藉由已知技術包覆以延遲在胃腸道中之崩解及吸收並藉此提供較長時段之持續作用。例如,可採用諸如甘油單硬脂酸酯或甘油二硬脂酸酯等延時材料。用於口服使用之調配物可提供為硬明膠膠囊形式,其中將活性成份與惰性固體稀釋劑(例如,碳酸鈣、磷酸鈣或高嶺土)混合;或提供為軟明膠膠囊形式,其中將活性成份與水或油介質(例如,花生油、液體石蠟或橄欖油)混合。
某些可注射組合物係等滲水溶液或懸浮液,且栓劑有利地係自脂肪乳液或懸浮液製備。該等組合物可經滅菌及/或含有佐劑,例如防腐劑、穩定劑、潤濕劑或乳化劑、溶解促進劑、調節滲透壓之鹽及/或緩衝劑。另外,其亦可含有其他治療上有價值之物質。該等組合物分別係根據習用混和、造粒或包覆方法來製備且含有約0.1%至75%、或含有約1%至50%的活性成份。
適用於經皮施用之組合物包括有效量之本發明化合物與適宜載劑。適用於經皮遞送之載劑包括藥理上可接受之可吸收溶劑以有助於穿過宿主皮膚。例如,經皮裝置係呈繃帶形式,該繃帶背襯部件;含有該化合物(視情況具有載劑)之儲存器;視情況包含速率控制障壁以便以受控且預定之速率經延長時間段遞送化合物至宿主皮膚;及將裝置固定至皮膚之構件。
適用於局部施用(例如,施用至皮膚及眼睛)之組合物包括水溶液、懸浮液、軟膏、乳霜、凝膠或(例如)藉由氣溶膠遞送之可噴霧調
配物或諸如此類。該等局部遞送系統尤其適於真皮施用以(例如)治療皮膚癌、用以(例如)防曬霜、洗劑、噴霧劑及諸如此類之預防用途。
因此,其尤其適用於局部施用,包括業內熟知之化妝品調配物。該等調配物可含有增溶劑、穩定劑、增滲劑、緩衝劑及防腐劑。
如本文所使用,局部施用亦可係關於吸入或鼻內施用。其可以乾粉形式(單獨遞送;呈混合物形式,例如與乳糖之乾燥摻合物;或呈混合組份顆粒形式,例如與磷脂之混合組份顆粒)自乾粉吸入器方便地遞送,或以氣溶膠噴霧呈遞形式自加壓容器、幫浦、噴霧器、霧化器或噴射器呈遞,其中使用或不使用適宜推進劑。
倘若活性成份之可吸入形式係氣溶膠組合物,則吸入裝置可為提供有經調適以遞送計量劑量(例如10μl至100μl,例如25μl至50μl)之組合物之閥之氣溶膠小瓶,即稱作計量劑量吸入器之裝置。適於在壓力下含有氣溶膠組合物在內之該等氣溶膠小瓶及程序已為熟悉吸入療法技術者熟知。例如,可自經塗覆罐投與氣溶膠組合物,例如如EP-A-0642992中所闡述。倘若活性成份之可吸入形式係可噴射水性、有機或水性/有機分散液,則吸入裝置可為已知之噴射器,例如習用氣動噴射器(例如噴氣式噴射器)或超音波噴射器,其可含有(例如)1ml至50ml、通常1ml至10ml之分散液;或手握式噴射器,其有時稱作軟霧吸入器或軟噴霧吸入器,例如電子控制之裝置(例如AERx(Aradigm,US)或Aerodose(Aerogen))或機械裝置(例如RESPIMAT(Boehringer Ingelheim)噴射器),其較習用噴射器允許小得多的噴射體積,例如10μl至100μl。倘若活性成份之可吸入形式係精細粉碎之微粒形式,則吸入裝置可為(例如)經調適以自含有包含劑量單位之(A)及/或(B)之乾粉之膠囊或泡罩遞送乾粉之乾粉吸入裝置,或經調適以每次致動遞送(例如)3mg至25mg包含劑量單位之(A)及/或(B)之乾粉之多劑量乾粉吸入(MDPI)裝置。乾粉組合物較佳地含有稀釋劑或載
劑,例如乳糖及有助於保護產品性能免於因水分劣化之化合物(例如硬脂酸鎂)。適宜之該等乾粉吸入裝置包括揭示於以下專利中之裝置:US 3991761(包括AEROLIZERTM裝置)、WO 05/113042(包括BREEZHALERTM裝置)、WO 97/20589(包括CERTIHALERTM裝置)、WO 97/30743(包括TWISTHALERTM裝置)、WO 05/37353(包括GYROHALERTM裝置)、US6536427(包括DISKUSTM裝置)、WO 97/25086(包括DISKHALERTM裝置)、WO 95/14089(包括GEMINITM裝置)、WO 03/77979(包括PROHALERTM裝置),亦及揭示於WO 08/51621、WO 09/117112及US 2005/0183724中之裝置。
因此,本發明亦包括(A)本發明化合物或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其呈可吸入形式;(B)可吸入醫藥,其包含呈可吸入形式之本發明化合物以及呈可吸入形式之醫藥上可接受之載劑;(C)醫藥產品,其包含呈可吸入形式之本發明化合物以及吸入裝置;及(D)吸入裝置,其含有呈可吸入形式之本發明化合物。
在實踐本發明中所採用之本發明藥劑之劑量將當然端視(例如)欲治療之特定病況、期望效應及投與模式而變化。一般而言,適於吸入投與之日劑量為每個患者約0.0001mg/kg至30mg/kg、通常0.01mg至10mg,而適於經口投與之日劑量為約0.01mg/kg至100mg/kg。
本發明進一步提供包含本發明化合物作為活性成份之無水醫藥組合物及劑型,此乃因水可促使某些化合物降解。
可使用無水或含低水分之成份在低水分或低濕度條件下製備本發明之無水醫藥組合物及劑型。無水醫藥組合物可經製備並儲存以維持其無水性質。因此,使用已知防止暴露於水之材料包裝無水組合物以便其可納入適宜配方套組中。適宜包裝之實例包括(但不限於)氣密性密封箔、塑膠、單位劑量容器(例如,小瓶)、泡罩封裝及條帶封裝。
本發明進一步提供包含一或多種可降低作為活性成份之本發明化合物分解速率之試劑的醫藥組合物及劑型。在本文中稱作「穩定劑」之該等試劑包括(但不限於)抗氧化劑(例如,抗壞血酸)、pH緩衝劑或鹽緩衝劑等。
本發明化合物可與一或多種其他治療劑同時投與,或在其之前或之後投與。本發明化合物可藉由相同或不同之投與途徑單獨投與,或與其他試劑一起以同一醫藥組合物投與。
在一個實施例中,本發明提供包含本發明化合物及至少一種其他治療劑且作為組合製劑同時、單獨或依序用於療法中之產物。在一個實施例中,該療法係治療藉由上皮鈉通道之阻斷介導之疾病或病況。以組合製劑提供之產物包括組合物,其以同一醫藥組合物共同包含本發明化合物及一或多種其他治療劑,或以單獨形式(例如以套組形式)包含本發明化合物及一或多種其他治療劑。
因此,在實施例40中,本發明提供包含根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物及一或多種治療活性輔助藥劑之醫藥組合物。視情況,該醫藥組合物可包含如上文所闡述之醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。
在一個實施例中,本發明提供包含兩種或更多種單獨醫藥組合物之套組,至少一種醫藥組合物含有本發明化合物。在一個實施例中,該套組包含分開保留該等組合物之構件,例如容器、分立式瓶子或分立式箔片包。此一套組之實例係如錠劑、膠囊及諸如此類之包裝常用之泡罩封裝。
本發明套組可用於投與不同劑型(例如,經口及非經腸)、用於以不同劑量間隔投與單獨組合物或用於遞增單獨組合物相對於彼此之劑量。為有助於依從性,本發明套組通常包含關於投與說明書。
在本發明之實施例41中,提供包含以下之醫藥組合:治療有效量之根據實施例1至29中任一者之化合物或其醫藥上可
接受之鹽,及一或多種治療活性輔助藥劑。
在本發明之實施例43中,提供根據實施例41之醫藥組合,其中治療活性輔助藥劑係選自免疫阻抑劑、鎮痛劑、抗癌劑、抗發炎劑、趨化因子受體拮抗劑、支氣管擴張劑、白三烯受體拮抗劑、白三烯形成抑制劑、單醯基甘油激酶抑制劑、磷脂酶A1抑制劑、磷脂酶A2抑制劑、溶血磷脂酶D(lysoPLD)抑制劑、去充血劑、抗組織胺、黏液溶解劑、抗膽鹼劑、鎮咳劑、祛痰劑及β-2激動劑。
適宜抗發炎藥物包括類固醇,例如皮質類固醇。適宜類固醇包括布地奈德(budesonide)、倍氯米松(beclamethasone)(例如二丙酸鹽)、布替可特(butixocort)(例如丙酸鹽)、環索奈德(ciclesonide)、環索奈德、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、氟尼縮松(flunisolide)、氟替卡松(fluticasone)(例如丙酸鹽或呋喃甲酸鹽)、甲基潑尼松龍(methyl prednisolone)、莫米松(mometasone)(例如呋喃甲酸鹽)、潑尼松龍、羅氟奈德(rofleponide)及曲安西龍(triamcinolone)(例如丙酮化合物)。在某些較佳實施例中,類固醇係長效皮質類固醇,例如布地奈德、環索奈德、氟替卡松呋喃甲酸鹽或莫米松呋喃甲酸鹽。
適宜β2-激動劑包括阿福特羅(arformoterol)(例如酒石酸鹽)、阿貝特羅(abediterol)、沙丁胺醇(albuterol)/舒喘靈(salbutamol)(例如外消旋物或單一鏡像異構物(例如R-鏡像異構物),或其鹽、尤其硫酸鹽)、班布特羅(bambuterol)、比托特羅(bitolterol)(例如甲磺酸鹽)、卡莫特羅(carmoterol)、克侖特羅(clenbuterol)、依坦特羅(etanterol)、非諾特羅(fenoterol)(例如外消旋物或單一鏡像異構物(例如R-鏡像異構物),或其鹽、尤其氫溴酸鹽)、氟丁特羅(flerbuterol)、阿福特羅(例如酒石酸鹽)、福莫特羅(例如外消旋物或單一非鏡像異構物(例如R,R-非鏡像異構物),或其鹽、尤其富馬酸鹽或富馬酸鹽二水合物)、茚達特羅(indacaterol)(例如外消旋物或單一鏡像異構物(例如R-鏡像異構物),
或其鹽、尤其馬來酸鹽、乙酸鹽或昔萘酸鹽)、奧西那林(metaproterenol)、米維特羅(milveterol)(例如鹽酸鹽)、那明特羅(naminterol)、奧達特羅(olodaterol)(例如外消旋物或單一鏡像異構物(例如R-鏡像異構物),或其鹽、尤其鹽酸鹽)、吡布特羅(pirbuterol)(例如乙酸鹽)、丙卡特羅(procaterol)、瑞普特羅(reproterol)、沙甲胺醇(salmefamol)、沙美特羅(salmeterol)(例如外消旋物或單一鏡像異構物(例如R-鏡像異構物),或其鹽、尤其昔萘酸鹽)、特布他林(terbutaline)(例如硫酸鹽)及維蘭特羅(vilanterol)(或其鹽、尤其三氟甲磺酸鹽)。在某些較佳實施例中,β2-激動劑係超長效β2-激動劑,例如茚達特羅,或可能地卡莫特羅、米維特羅、奧達特羅或維蘭特羅。
在較佳實施例中,第二活性成份中之一者係茚達特羅(即,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-二氫茚-2-基胺基)-1-羥基乙基]-8-羥基-1H-喹啉-2-酮)或其鹽。此係具有尤其長之作用持續時間(即,超過24小時)且快速發揮作用(即,約10分鐘)之β2-腎上腺素受體激動劑。此化合物係藉由闡述於國際專利申請案WO 2000/75114及WO 2005/123684中之製程來製備。其能夠形成酸加成鹽,尤其醫藥上可接受之酸加成鹽。(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-二氫茚-2-基胺基)-1-羥基乙基]-8-羥基-1H-喹啉-2-酮之較佳鹽係馬來酸鹽。另一較佳鹽係(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-二氫茚-2-基胺基)-1-羥基乙基]-8-羥基-1H-喹啉-2-酮之乙酸鹽。另一較佳鹽係(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-二氫茚-2-基胺基)-1-羥基乙基]-8-羥基-1H-喹啉-2-酮之昔萘酸鹽。
適宜支氣管擴張藥物包括抗膽鹼劑或抗蕈毒鹼劑,例如阿地銨(aclidinium)(例如bromide)、BEA-2108(例如溴化物)、BEA-2180(例如溴化物)、CHF-5407、達非那新(darifenacin)(例如溴化物)、達托銨(darotropium)(例如溴化物)、甘羅溴銨(glycopyrrolate)(例如外消旋物或單一鏡像異構物,或其鹽、尤其溴化物)、地必銨(dexpirronium)
(例如溴化物)、異丙托銨(ipratropium)(例如溴化物)、奧替銨(otilonium)(例如溴化物)、氧托銨(oxitropium)(例如溴化物)、奧昔布寧(oxybutynin)、派侖西平(pirenzepine)、瑞伐托酯(revatropate)(例如氫溴酸鹽)、索利那辛(solifenacin)(例如琥珀酸鹽)、特羅地林(terodiline)、蕪地銨(umeclidinium)(例如溴化物)、AZD-8683、噻托銨(tiotropium)(例如溴化物)、托特羅定(tolterodine)(例如酒石酸鹽)、曲司銨(trospium)(例如氯化物),及彼等闡述於WO06/048225、WO06/066928及WO06/066929中者。在某些較佳實施例中,蕈毒鹼拮抗劑係長效蕈毒鹼拮抗劑,例如達托溴銨、甘羅溴銨或噻托溴銨。
適宜雙重抗發炎及支氣管擴張藥物包括雙重β-2腎上腺素受體激動劑/蕈毒鹼拮抗劑,例如GSK-961081(例如琥珀酸鹽)及AZD-2115。
適宜抗組織胺藥物物質包括鹽酸西替利嗪(cetirizine鹽酸鹽)、乙醯胺基酚、富馬酸氯馬斯汀(clemastine fumarate)、異丙嗪(promethazine)、氯雷他定(loratidine)、地氯雷他定(desloratidine)、苯海拉明(diphenhydramine)及鹽酸非索那定(fexofenadine鹽酸鹽)、阿替伐斯汀(activastine)、阿司咪唑(astemizole)、氮卓斯汀(azelastine)、依巴斯汀(ebastine)、依匹斯汀(epinastine)、咪唑斯汀(mizolastine)及特芬那定(tefenadine),以及彼等揭示於JP 2004107299、WO 03/099807及WO 04/026841中者。
- 改良Terrific肉湯2(MTB-2):
將所有組份溶解於蒸餾水中。將pH調節至6.8。添加1mL/L噻胺-痕量元素溶液(參見下文)。
- 痕量元素溶液:
將所有組份溶解於蒸餾水中。
噻胺-痕量元素溶液:將3.37g噻胺(維生素B1)溶解於7.5mL蒸餾水中。添加2.5mL痕量元素溶液。
- LB基質:
- 抗生素:
- 吸收劑樹脂:
及
施加大腸桿菌(E.coli)JM109中所表現之重組人類CYP3A4以及人類NADPH-P450還原酶(CPR)及細胞色素b5來實施實例1及2之生物催化合成。在-80℃下將細胞儲存為甘油培養物。在作為全細胞生物觸媒施加後,如下文所述將細胞於波動袋生物反應器中進行培養。
預培養:將200ml LB基質(溶菌肉湯)填充至1升錐形燒瓶中,其補充有50mg/L苄胺青黴素及25mg/L氯黴素,並與含有CYP3A4、CPR及細胞色素b5之重組基因之大腸桿菌JM109一起進行接種。在37℃及160rpm下將3個燒瓶培育過夜。
主培養:向50升波動袋生物反應器中填充25升滅菌MTB-2基質且
其補充有50mg/L苄胺青黴素及25mg/L氯黴素用於質粒選擇。將600mL之預培養物轉移至波動袋生物反應器中。發酵條件係顯示於下表中:
在4.5小時後,達到在600nm下0.98之光密度並藉由添加1mM異丙基β-D-1-硫代半乳吡喃糖苷及0.5mM 5-胺基乙醯丙酸鹽酸鹽來誘導重組基因之表現。將溫度降至28℃,並使發酵持續19小時(過夜)。
收穫:藉由離心收穫細胞(在4℃及12200×g下5min)。丟棄上清液並將沈澱物重懸浮於冰冷PSE緩衝液中。在第二離心步驟後,將沈澱物再次懸浮於冰冷PSE緩衝液中將125g XAD-16添加至細胞懸浮液中並藉由漿式攪拌器攪拌以去除副產物(例如吲哚)。藉由HPLC-UV監測吲哚去除。在40min後,藉由過濾去除XAD-16。將其他PSE緩衝液添加至細胞懸浮液中以達成OD600 nm=100之最終光密度。將細胞懸浮液儲存在-80℃下,直至使用以用於製備型生物轉化為止。
PSE緩衝液:存於水中之6.8g/L KH2PO4、85.6g/L蔗糖、0.9g/L EDTA-Na利用NaOH將pH調節至7.5。
將340mL之重組大腸桿菌JM109解凍並填充於10L波動式發酵槽中。添加1.36L PSE緩衝液以達成20之最終OD。此外,添加83mL之檸檬酸鈉46%(w/v)。藉由添加50mL NVP-LNC731儲備溶液(10mg/mL,存於DMSO中)以達成0.3mg/mL之最終濃度來起始反應。生物轉化條件係顯示於下表中:
藉由HPLC-UV監測生物轉化過程。在4小時後,藉山將反應混合物自波動生物反應器袋泵送至5L瓶中來終止該反應。將該瓶儲存在4℃下,直至下游加工為止。
將90g XAD-16添加至生物轉化混合物中並攪拌1小時以吸收生物轉化產物。藉由HPLC-UV監測萃取過程。當利用XAD-16完成萃取時,將XAD-16材料利用沙羅過濾並利用蒸餾水洗滌。將XAD-16材料填充至玻璃管柱中。利用2-丙醇及乙腈/甲醇50/50(% v/v)將該管柱洗滌若干次以溶析生物轉化產物。藉由HPLC-UV分析監測溶析過程。將溶析溶離份合併並在旋轉蒸發儀中在40℃及介於70毫巴(mbar)與130毫巴之間之壓力下蒸發溶劑,直至體積降至50mL為止。
添加30mL Isolute HM-N,並將該混合物冷凍於乾冰丙酮中,直至精細固體層均勻沈積於燒瓶壁中為止。在低於0.1毫巴之壓力下將該混合物凍乾24小時,直至獲得乾粉為止。
將包含生物轉化產物之Isolute材料填充至與Armen SPOT液相色譜急驟裝置連接之筒中。施加水/乙腈梯度並藉由RP C18急驟層析來預純化該等產物。藉由HPLC-UV及LC-MS分析所得溶離份。將含有生物轉化產物之溶離份合併並藉由超臨界流體層析進一步純化。
在純化後,產生9.7mg之實例1及38.8mg之實例2。藉由NMR及LC/MS闡明實例1及2之結構(參見下文)。
藉由將實例1及2溶解於約40μl DMSO中來製備NMR樣品。在26℃下在配備有1.7mm 1H{13C,15N}CryoProbeTM之Bruker AVANCE光譜儀(600MHz質子頻率)上量測NMR光譜(1H,13C,2D)。將1H及13C位移分別內標成在2.50ppm及39.5ppm下之溶劑信號。實施以下NMR實
驗:A. 1H-NMR:‧脈衝程式:利用30度脈衝之zg30 1D 1H實驗
B. 2D:1H,1H-COSY:‧脈衝程式:利用雙量子過濾器之cosygpmfphpp相敏實驗(Derome及Williamson 1990)
C. 2D:1H,1H-ROESY:‧脈衝程式:利用包括清洗脈衝之180x/180-x旋轉鎖之h-roesy_2.3_pp相敏實驗(Bax及Davis(1985),Hwang及Shaka(1992))
D. 2D:單鍵1H,13C相關性(13C-DEPT-HSQC):‧脈衝程式:利用多重性編輯、1H檢測及z-梯度hsqcedetgpsisp2.2 HSQC實驗(Kay、Keifer及Saarinen 1992)
E. 2D:長程1H,13C相關性(13C-HMBC):‧脈衝程式:利用1H檢測及z-梯度之hmbcgplpndqf HMBC實驗(Bax及Summers 1986)
使用電噴霧在LC-MS系統上獲得質譜,質譜儀[M+H]+係指化學物種之質子化之分子離子。
幫浦:Shimadzu Nexera LC-30AD
流動相:A:水+0.05%甲酸+3.75mMol乙酸銨
B:乙腈+0.1%甲酸
流速:100μl/min
分流:無分流
自動取樣器:Shimadzu Nexera SIL-30AC
樣品體積:<1μl
溫度:15℃
管柱烘箱:Shimadzu Nexera CTO-30A
管柱1:Atlantis dC18,3μm,1.0×150mm或管柱2:Acquity UPLC BEH C18,1.7μm,1.0×50mm
溫度:50℃
二極體陣列檢測器:Shimadzu Prominence SPD-M20A
波長範圍:200nm至500nm
取樣頻率:6.25Hz
波動步階:2nm
時間常數:0.64sec
狹縫寬度:1.2
溫度40℃
軟體:Shimadzu儀器驅動器5.5
質譜法(MS):儀器:LTQ Orbitrap XL
軟體:Xcalibur 2.1.0 SP1
LTQ Orbitrap XL 2.5.5 SP2
電離:電噴霧
極性:陽離子
噴霧電壓:4.5kV
毛細管電壓:32V
毛細管溫度:250℃
管狀透鏡:95V
分析儀:FTMS
解析度:30000
質量範圍:m/z 100至2000
數據類型:曲線
Waters Acquity UPLC/QT
幫浦 Waters Acquity UPLC BSM(二元溶劑管理器)
取樣器 Waters Acquity UPLC SO(樣品組織器)
Waters Acquity UPLC SM(樣品管理器)
管柱烘箱 Waters Acquity UPLC CM(管柱管理器)
檢測器 Waters Acquity UPLC PDA(光電二極體陣列)
MS Waters Acquity QT(飛行時間)
溶析液A 水+0.05%甲酸+3.75mM乙酸銨
溶析液B 乙腈+0.04%甲酸
管柱 Waters Acquity HSS T3 1.8μm 2.1×50mm
管柱溫度 80℃
注射體積 1μl,部分廻圈
PDA 全掃描210nm至400nm及一個使用者可選擇波長
流速 1.0ml/min
停止時間 5.00min
質量範圍 ESI +/-:50m/z至2500m/z
1H-NMR:1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)d ppm 1.18-1.30(m,2 H)1.72(d,J=11.71Hz,2 H)1.82-2.00(m,2 H)2.13(t,J=7.70Hz,2 H)2.85-3.07(m,2 H)3.68-3.78(m,1 H)3.88(d,J=11.34Hz,2 H)4.68(t,J=6.40Hz,1 H)5.06(s,2 H)7.41(d,J=1.83Hz,2 H)7.57(s,1 H)7.66(br.s.,1 H)7.77(d,J=7.32Hz,1 H)
LC/MS:
方法1:Rt=6.05min;MS m/z[M+H]+ 456.1
方法2:Rt=1.95min;MS m/z[M+H]+ 456.1
1H-NMR:1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)d ppm 1.22-1.33(m,2 H)1.70-1.79(m,2 H)2.48(t,J=6.77Hz,2 H)2.86-3.09(m,2 H)3.22(t,J=6.77Hz,2 H)3.68-3.78(m,1 H)3.90(d,J=11.34Hz,2 H)5.08(s,2 H)7.43(d,J=1.83Hz,2 H)7.58(d,J=1.46Hz,1 H)7.89(d,J=7.68Hz,1 H)8.52(br.s.,1 H)
LC/MS:
方法1:Rt=5.81min;MS m/z[M+H]+ 456.1
方法2:Rt=1.80min;MS m/z[M+H]+ 456.1
本發明化合物適宜作為ATX抑制劑且可在以下分析中進行測試。
試劑-LPC(油醯基(18:1))係購自Avanti Polar Lipids(Alabaster,
AL)並溶解於甲醇中達到20mM。Amplex紅係自Invitrogen Life Technologies(Paisley,UK)獲得且溶解於DMSO中達到10mM。膽鹼氧化酶及辣根過氧化物酶(HRP)係自Sigma Aldrich(Dorset,UK)獲得且溶解於HBSS中分別到達20U/ml及200U/ml。所有試劑皆以單次使用之等份試樣儲存於-20℃下。所有實驗量測皆係在即將使用前配製之分析緩衝液(HBSS,0.01% BSA,基本上不含脂肪酸)中實施。
蛋白質-重組人類ATX係在Novartis(Basel,CH)處在人類胚胎腎(HEK)細胞製劑中製得,且係以儲存於-80℃下之26mg/ml(26μM)儲備溶液之單次使用之等份試樣儲存。
方法-所有實驗量測皆係在黑色384孔聚苯乙烯(小體積,圓底,Corning(3676))板中實施。使用PerkinElmer EnVision(螢光強度/吸光度單色儀)或Tecan Infinite 200 PRO系列讀板器來檢測螢光強度變化。
評價ATX抑制-ATX活性係藉由在含有ATX(10nM)、膽鹼氧化酶(0.1U/ml)、HRP(100U/ml)、amplex紅(50μM)及LPC 18:1(10μM)之反應物中量測所釋放之膽鹼來確定。自1μM以10點連續稀釋一式兩份製備本發明化合物,並將其與ATX一起在37℃下預培育20分鐘,之後添加剩餘試劑。在37℃下經40分鐘時段每2分鐘自產物試鹵靈之螢光強度變化(λex 530nm,λem 590nm)量測所釋放膽鹼。以進展曲線之直線部分(通常介於14分鐘至24分鐘之間)之斜率量測ATX活性。
數據分析-將斜率數據輸出至Graphpad prism(Graphpad軟體,San Diego,CA),其中數據擬合至方程式1。
方程式1:Y=底部+(頂部-底部)/(1+10^((LogIC50-X)*希爾斜率(HillSlope)))
IC50值係自使總活性降低50%之化合物濃度來確定且代表n2之平均值。
表1:下表給出例示化合物之IC50值,如在上述分析中量測
Claims (12)
- 一種化合物,其係選自4-(4-側氧基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯及4-(4-羥基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯,或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項1之化合物,其係4-(4-側氧基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯,或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項1之化合物,其係4-(4-羥基-4-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)丁醯胺基)六氫吡啶-1-甲酸3,5-二氯苄基酯,或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包含如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,及醫藥上可接受之載劑。
- 一種醫藥組合,其包含治療有效量之如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,及一或多種治療活性輔助藥劑。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物,或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,其用於藥品中。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物,其用於治療選自纖維化、瘙癢、硬化、癌症、糖尿病、腎病、疼痛、氣喘及COPD之疾病或病況。
- 一種如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物之用途,其用於製造用以治療選自纖維化、瘙癢、硬化、癌症、糖尿病、腎病、疼痛、氣喘及COPD之疾病或病況之醫藥。
- 一種如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物之用途,其用於治療選自 纖維化、瘙癢、硬化、癌症、糖尿病、腎病、疼痛、氣喘及COPD之疾病或病況。
- 一種治療選自纖維化、瘙癢、硬化、癌症、糖尿病、腎病、疼痛、氣喘及COPD之疾病或病況之方法,其包含向個體投與治療有效量之如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物、如請求項8或9之用途、如請求項10之方法,其中該疾病或病況係選自特發性肺纖維化、瘙癢、氣喘及COPD。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之化合物、如請求項8或9之用途、如請求項10之方法,其中該疾病或病況係選自特發性肺纖維化及瘙癢。
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| EP (1) | EP3134398A1 (zh) |
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| US12383547B2 (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2025-08-12 | Vanderbilt University | Methods of treatment for a kidney disease |
| GR1010570B (el) | 2022-12-22 | 2023-11-17 | Uni-Pharma Κλεων Τσετης Φαρμακευτικα Εργαστηρια Α.Β.Ε.Ε., | 4-(2-(4-((2,4-διοξοθειαζολιδιν-5-υλ)μεθυλ)φαινοξυ) παραγωγα με δραση αναστολης της αυτοταξινης |
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| PT883415E (pt) | 1996-02-21 | 2002-10-31 | Schering Corp | Inalador para medicacao em po |
| US6100279A (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-08-08 | Schering Corporation | Imidazoylalkyl substituted with a five, six or seven membered heterocyclic ring containing one nitrogen atom |
| GB9913083D0 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 1999-08-04 | Novartis Ag | Organic compounds |
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| WO2002080928A1 (en) | 2001-04-03 | 2002-10-17 | Merck & Co., Inc. | N-substituted nonaryl-heterocyclo amidyl nmda/nr2b antagonists |
| WO2002100352A2 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-19 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Nr2b receptor antagonists for the treatment or prevention of migraines |
| WO2004078163A2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-16 | Transform Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical co-crystal compositions of drugs such as carbamazepine, celecoxib, olanzapine, itraconazole, topiramate, modafinil, 5-fluorouracil, hydrochlorothiazide, acetaminophen, aspirin, flurbiprofen, phenytoin and ibuprofen |
| ES2201907B1 (es) | 2002-05-29 | 2005-06-01 | Almirall Prodesfarma, S.A. | Nuevos derivados de indolilpiperidina como potentes agentes antihistaminicos y antialergicos. |
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| JP2004107299A (ja) | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-08 | Japan Energy Corp | 新規1−置換ウラシル誘導体及びアレルギー性疾患の治療剤 |
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| GB0424284D0 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-12-01 | Novartis Ag | Organic compounds |
| GB0428416D0 (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2005-02-02 | Novartis Ag | Organic compounds |
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- 2015-04-21 US US15/305,602 patent/US20170037030A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-04-21 EP EP15720471.0A patent/EP3134398A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-04-21 WO PCT/IB2015/052912 patent/WO2015162558A1/en not_active Ceased
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| EP3134398A1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
| WO2015162558A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
| US20170037030A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
| AR100175A1 (es) | 2016-09-14 |
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