US1299096A - Magnetic razor. - Google Patents

Description

8. AMES. 'MAGNETIC RAZOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9. I912.

Patented Apr. 1, 1919.

. zen of the United States resident of Lowell, in the county OfMlddlG- vented new and usefu tion betweenthe following description an UNITED STATES PATEN.

BUTLER AMES, 0F LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

MAGNETIC RAZOR.

To aZZ'w/wm it may concern: Be it known that I, BUTLER AMns, a c1t1- sex and State of "Massachusetts, have in- Magnetic Razors, a specification. ,This invention relates to cutting devices and more particularly to safety razors of the'type dlsclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,192,367. a

' Safety razors of the the subject-matter of the present application have usually comprised a-guard mem ber and a cap member disposed over the guard member for holdinga blade in posithe two members. means or some other-mechanical mechanism has usually 7 holding t e parts together while the device is being used. Such mechanism has involved a substantial increase in cost of manufacture, it has involved considerable inco n venience in use, and it has involved screwthreads and the like, which have rendered the devices difiicult to clean and therefore more or less unsanitary.

The principal objects of the present 1 11- vention are to overcome the above dlfiicultles and to produce a device which may be simply t and cheaply constructed,- which is exceedingly convenient in operation, manipulation of screws or other mechanism in attaching and detaching the parts to and from each other, and which iawholly sani- Other objects of the invention, such as improvingthe cooperative relationship of the guard, handle and other parts with respect to each other, will be a parent from the accompanyingdrawings, in which,

Flgure 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a central longitudmal cross-section of the device, showing parts in eleva, tion;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the parts in detached relationship;

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the device; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the device with the cap and blade removed; and

Fig. 6 is a to plan view of the device With the cap and blade in position. The 1.1. .0 51 essential pa t of my improved of America, and

l Improvements in. of which the following is general character of preferably along both sides been employed for detachably requiring no U so that the pole pieces and "Specification of Letters Patent. P t te w Application filed June 9, 1917. Serial No. 173,841. I i I I,

sential characteristic of the magnet means involves one or more poles for holding razor bladeor other -tion. While. asingle pole will accomplish this result, I preferably employ a ma et having two poles in The preferred type of prises a U-magnet, as shown ures, the U-magnet 1 having pole faces 2 and 3 disposed substantially in the same plane. In order to support the blade 4 in position in'the device Iprovide a base memr 6 which is also preferably constructed function as a guard member,'in which event teeth 5 or other suitable means are at 1 in the figas illustrated in the drawings, so. that a double edged blade may be employed, the teeth 5 extending outwardly y ond the edges of the blade,

Another cardinal feature of the invention comprises means for rigidly mounting the guard member 6 upon the magnet 1 and at the same time permitting the ready witlidrawal of the guard member and mounting means from the magnet. The preferred embodiment of the mounting means, according o the present invention, comprises pole pieces 7 adapted to fit over the ends of the as shown in steel or other magnetic material. While the pole pieces 7 may, if desired, be fixedly secured in the guard member-6, I preferably fit them tightly in the openings 8 so that the connection is permanent. The connec= tion between the ole pieces 7 and the magnet 1 is preferab y a detachable connection guard may be cleaning the departs, or having remagnetrzed. In order yieldingly to hold the pole pieces upon the magnet I preferably provide a series of depending lips 9 on the bottomof each pole piece, these lips being somewhat flexible and fitting snugly around the magnet so as yieldingly to grip the poles of the magnet When the pole pieces are mounted thereon.

The blade 4 is preferably'surmounted by a cap member 11, and in order tov prevent lat a mdvement of t g ard member, p

removed for the purpose of vice, replacing damaged the magnet 1 spaced relations ip. magnet means comcutting device in'posia somewhat be- 1 member and blade relatively to each other, projections are preferably provided upon one of the said members, recesses being provided in the other member in alinement with the projections, and in the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, the projections comprise pins 12 fitting in axial openings in the pole pieces 9 and being adapted to extend through openings in the blade 4 into recesses 13 in the cap 11. The cap 11 and blade 4 are adapted to be held in position on the guard member 6 bymagnetic flux flowing from one pole of the 'magnet to the other pole through the blade and cap, as will be hereinafter more fully described, and to avoid diminution of this magnetic action the pins 12 are preferably made of non-magnetic material, since if the pins were of magnetic material a large number of lines of flux would flow therethrough from the magnet to the cap member, and inasmuch as many of these lines of force would pass from the pins in a substantially radial direction to the cylindrical walls of the recesses 13, the magnetic attraction would be substantially decreased owing to the fact that the radial lines of force would notserve in appreciable measure to prevent the displacement of the cap member from the device. When forming the pins 12 of non-magnetic material it is essential that the face of each of the pole pieces 7 be main-- tained of at least the same area as the crosssectional area of the ma net, and to accomplish this I preferably are the pole pieces outwardly toward their outer faces. In this way the pole pieces 7 do not afford a higher reluctance than any other part of the magnetic circuit.

To attain the greatest efiiciency it is essential that as much as possible of the magnetic flux produced by the ma net should be caused to flow through the lade 4184116. ca 11; conversel it is essential that as litt e as possible 0 the fiux'be shunted from theblade and capmer'nber. I therefore so construct the guard member 6 that no appreciable amount of flux is shunted therethrough between the. pole pieces. This may be accomplished in a number of wa s, as by making the guard member very th1n or by makingit of non-ma I the'preferred form 0 the present invention etic material, but in the guard member 6 is made of brass or other non-ma etic material.

lows: The

cured together as shown in Fig. 3*and when so constructed this unitary structure is fitted over the ends of the magnet 1, the depending flanges 9 gripping the magnet and yield- 2 ingly holding the parts in position. The blade 4 is then placed on the guard member with the pins 12 projecting through the openings in the blade as shown most clearly.

in Fig. 2. If the blade is relatively thin, as

shown in the drawings, the magnetic flux flowing through it when in the described position is only suflicient to hold it lightly in position. However, by increasing the thickness of the blade throughout the central portion, as by making the upper surface of the blade transversely convex, sufiicient flux may be caused to flow through the blade to hold it in position while'the device is in use, in which event the ca member 11 is rendered unnecessary. owever, I preferably employ a thinblade as shown in the drawings and when employing such a blade the cap member is placed over the blade, with the pins 12 projecting into the recesses 13,

as most clearly shown in Fig. 2. With the 1 blade and cap in position on the guard member, magnetic flux flows from one pole, for example pole 2, through the surrounding pole piece 7, from the face of the pole piece into the blade and cap, thence through the blade and cap to the face of the other pole piece, and thence through the other pole piece into the other pole of the magnet. When the magnetic circuit is thus substangripping it at the. opposite ends, where it projects over the guard member 6,. and by either pulling directly outwardly or by first tipping one end of the member upwardly-v so as to break the magnetic circuit. Inasmuch as the magnetism has a beneficial tially closed the parts are tightly held toefi'ect on the blade, the blade is preferably left in position on the pole pieces while the themagnetism of the magnet the cap member 111s also preferabl kept in position on the bladefland ent'invention are disclosed and claimed in my copendinga plicationsSr. No. 173,110, filed June 6, 19,1 and Sr. No. 173,923, filed June 11, 1917, and I hereby make reference to these applications asshowing variations in the manner of applying the'invention,

ment disclosed in the Iclaim:- I 1. A razor comprising magnet means having an elongate member of ma etic mapresent invention.

one end of the elongate member, the pole piece being adapted to maintain a cutting blade in" position thereon by the magnetic action of the magnet means.

2. A razor comprising a base member having an opening therethrough, magnet means comprising an elongate member of guard w en the device is not; in use. i a Certain modified embodiments ofjthe pres-f device'is not in use; and in order tov conserve some of which are common to the emboditerial, and a magnetic pole piece ttingover magnetic material, and a magnetic pole piece adapted to fit over one end of the elongate'member and into said opening.

3. A razor comprising magnet means comprising an elongate member of mag netic -material, a magnetic pole piece adapted to be detachably mounted on the end of the elongate member, and .means for yieldingly holding the pole piece in position on the said member.v

4. A razor comprising magnet means comprising an elongate member of magnetic material, and magnetic pole-piece means adapted to be detachably mounted on the end of the elongate member, one of said means being adapted yieldingly to engage the other means thereby to maintain the pole-piece means in position on the magnet means.

5. A v safety razor comprising guard means having spaced openings therethrough, an elongate magnet member having its ends disposed at said openings, and magnetic pole pieces fitting over the said ends and into the said openings.

6. A safety razor comprising guard means having spaced opening-s therethrough, an elongate magnet member having its ends disposed at said openings, magnetic pole pieces fitting over said ends and into said openings, a magnetic cap member disposed above the guard member, one of said members having recesses therein, and non-magnetic members extending from the other of said members into said recesses, whereby a cutting blade may be maintained in position between the guard means and cap member by the magnetic action of the magnet member upon the cap member. V

7. A safety razor comprlsing a nonmagnetic guard member having spaced open- 8. A safety razor comprising a non-magv netic guard member having spaced openings therethrough, a U-magnet having its ends disposed at said openings, magnetic pole pieces mounted on the ends of the U-magnet and extending into said openings, a cap member disposed on the side of the guard member opposite to the U-magnet, the pole pieces and cap member having alined openings, and non-magnetic pins disposed in the openings to prevent lateral movement of {)he cap member relatively to the guard mem- 9. A safety razor comprising a non-mag netic guard member having spaced openings therethrough, a U-magnet having its ends disposed at said openings, magnetic pole pieces mounted on the ends of the U-magnet and extending into said openings, a cap member disposed on the side of the guard member opposite to the U-magnet, the pole pieces and cap member having alined openings, and non-magnetic pins disposed in the openings to prevent lateral movement of the cap member relatively to the guard member, the area of the pole piece faces being at least substantially equal to the crosssectional area of the U-magnet notwithstanding the reduction in area produced by said openings therein.

Signed by me at LowelhMassachusetts', this 2nd day of one, 1917.

. BUTLER AMS.

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