US1456885A - Displacement pump - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 29,1923.

UNITED 'STATES PATENT ori-Ica 'FnAivx GARDNER, or DALLAS, TEXAS. n/

DIsrLAcEMEN'r PUMP.

Application tiled May 27, 1922.v Serial No. 564,007.y

' force in such a manneras to attain certain placement chamber.

highly desirable results. A particular object of the invention isto. provide a' pump of increased capacity which will be eco- Enomical in its consumption of fluid pressure and power and `positive in its operation, thuseliminating considerable waste which has been present in the displacement pumps now in use.

Another and important object of the invention resides in means'for automatically controlling the admission of high pressure motive fluid to'and its exhaust from the dis- A still further object is to provide such a controlling means that will be free from springs and other variableoperating elements and which will employ an over ibalancing of fluid pressures to ef.- fect its operation. l

In carrying out the invention aidisplacement, chamber is connected-in the pipe line thru which the liquid is to be elevatedand has its lower end -submerged so that said liquid will enter'the chamber. The chamber v has an automatic valve at its upperend connected with a high pressure iuid' line and is provided withv two pistons of unequal` areas whereby the pressure on one may overcome the pressure on the other andthe iston reciprocated to control the tlow of .t e high presure motive fiuid to and from the displacement chamber.

A constructioncdesigned to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with otherfeatures of the invention. The invention will be more readily` understood from a readingY of the following specication and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown and wherein:

Fig.l 1 is a vertical sectional view ofthe casing at .the lower end of a well 'having disposed therein a displacement pump constructed in accordance with my invention, u

a portion of said vation,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the controlling valve and the upper portion of the ?chamber, and

Fig. 3 is a plan view, of the valve. In the drawings the numeral 10 desigpump vbeingshown in elenates 4an elongated cylindrical displacement chamber having a nipple 11 entering its bottom at one side and surmounted by a valve seat 12 within the chamber. A screen'l l or strainer 13 isattached to the lower end of he nipple and with the chamber is submerged 1n the fluid in the casing 14 as is shown in Fig. l. The seat 12 carries a ball valve 15 which closes to flowing into the chamber.

A discharge pipe 16 extends down thru the chamber and has lower end terminating just above the valve seat 12. The discharge maybe connected with any suitable conductorI for elevating or conveying to the de- Asustain the liquid sired. point or elevation, the liquid admitted A to the chamber.

While I" have illustrated a cased well, it'y of the chamber and carries a valve housing 2 0 having an upper cylinder v2O and a lower lcylinder 21 of considerably larger area than the upper cylinder. The upper end of the houslng is screwed into a reducing collar 22 which receives the lower end of a high pressure air or other fluid line 23. s

A passage 24 leads down the side of lthe cylinder 20 from the top of the housing and conveys the air.. A large passage 25 with an angular offset at its upper end leads from the lower end of the cylinder 20 down thru the housing and communicates with the chamber 10. The passage 24 has ports 24 at its lower end entering the cylinder 20 diametrically opposite to the passage 25.

A solid piston 26 is mounted in the cylinder 20, while va larger piston 27 is mounted in the cylinder 21. These pistons are integral and may be made of one piece. The

` ber 10.

cylinder 21 has its lower end open and receiving an inverted cap 28 which is screwed .up into the said cylinder as is shown in Fig.

2. The upper edge of the cap serves as a stop to limit Athe downward movement of the piston. A plug 29 provided with a small aperture 30 is screwed into the bottom of the cap.

Intermediate its ends the cylinder 21 has a seriesof ports 31 entering the passage 25 with a port 35 inthe cylinder wall which is connected with a pipe 36 discharging to atmosphere. This permits the air from the chamber to exhaust thru the passage -25 in order to relieve the pressure in the chamber and permit the liquid to flow thereint.

The piston 26 carries a needle valve 37 at its upper end adapted to seat in the lower end of a duct 38 in the top of the cylinder 20. A small duct 39 extends from the topof the piston angularly down t0 register with an orifice 40 in the side wall of the cylinder to release trapped air from the'top of the cylinder. piston 27 is greater upward than the pressure downward upon the needle valve 37', the pistons remain elevated and the ports 24 closed.

When suflicient fluid has leaked thru the port 30 into the chamber 10 and escaped to the passage 25, to reduce the resistance offered to the piston 27 the -fluid pressure acting on the valve 37 will start the pistons downward. As soon as the valve 37 is withdrawn from the duct 38 the yhigh pressure fluid passing thru'the duct 38 will exert its full force upon the top of the piston 26. Whenthe piston 27. comes to rest 011 the cap 28 the ports 31 'and 35 will be closed and' ports 41 .inthe piston 26 will register with the ports 24; whereby the high pressure fluid ,will flow thru a transverse passage 42 to the passage 25 and from thence to the charn- The high pressure fluid entering the chamber 10 will displace the liquid therefrom into the discharge pipe 16, seating the valve 15, and unseating the valve 18, where` by the liquid will be elevated in the pipe.

When the fluid pressure has exerted its motive Vforce the valve 18 will `seat, thus supporting the column of fluid in` the pipe 16.v The motive fluid upon enteringk the chamber will begin to pass thru the port 30 into the cap 28 and will be built up tothe point where the pressure exerted owing t0 the So vlong as the pressure under the'` Lacasse larger area of the piston 27, will overcome the pressure upon thetopof the piston 26.

The pistons will be elevatedso that the ports`24 will be closed as well as the lower end of the duct 38 thus cutting off the flow of high pressure fluid thru the passage 25. At the same time the ports`31 will be'opened permitting an exhaust thru ports 32, passage I 34, port 35 and pipe 36. f

The pistons are held at the extreme upper end of their travel by a residual pressurein the cylinder 21, which however will be gradually reduced thru the escape of the fluid into the chamber 10 thru the port 30. Such reduction and escape will be slow so as to give ample time for the liquid to flow from the nipple 11 past the valve 15 and lill the chamber to the liquid level therein. This timing may be controlled by substituting a larger or smaller cap 28 or by inserting another plug 29 witha larger or smaller port 30. It is also pointed out that any suitable means miglit be employed for exerting a fluid pressure against the under side of the piston 27.

It will be seen that as soon as the residual Ydoes not rise to this point, and thus the remainingA pressure is utilized in building up the pressure to elevate the pistons. However, the parts are regulated so as to obviate backpressure against the inflowing liquid. Various-changes in the sizes an shape of the various parts as well as modifications, maybe made without departing from the spirlt of the invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is: 1. In a displacement pump, a displacement chamber lha-ving a valved llquid inlet and a`4 valved liquid outlet, a controlling yalve mounted on the chamber and having a high pressure fluid passage extending therethrough andV connecting with the chamber,

a fluid actuated member in the valve alter nately intercepting the passage of high pressure fluid thru said valve subjectl to fluid pressure at each end, and variable pressure controlling means at one end of said-member for governing the period for which a, residual pressure is maintained at said end of said member.

2. 1n a controlling valve for a displacement pump, a valve housing having a high 20 through and intercepted by one of the cyl- `rport` when said pressure fluid passage therethrough and an' exhaust, a piston reciprocating in said hous` ing having means for alternately interrupting and opening said passage and also means for closing said exhaust when said passageI is open and opening said exhaust when said passage 1s closed, means' for exerting an initial high pressure in the piston and for exerting the full pressure upon the upper end of the piston after theA initial movement thereof, and means for admitting a high pressure to the underside f the piston to over comeI the downward pressure and for retaining rand gradually reducing a residual pressure beneath the piston until overcome by the downward pressure.

3. In a controlling valve for a displace,- ment pump, a valve 'housing having superposed cylinders, said housing having a high pressure fluid passage .extending there-A.

inders, said housing having an exhaust opemng in one of lts cylinders, connected pistons operating in said cylinders andhaving passages for ppening said fluid passage and said port when registering therewith and arranged to close said fluid passage and piston passages are out o f registration'therewith, and means for` subjecting said pistons alternately to unequal pressures, wherebysaid pistons are reciprocated.

` and intercepted by with, and means for gradually a displacepressure at one end of the p1ston whereby the pistons are held time.

5. In a controlling valve fora displaceat restvfor Aaperiod o f' ment pump, a valvehousing having superposed cylinders, said housingv having a high pressure fluid passage extending therethrough and intercepted by one of the cylinders, said housinghaving an `exhaust opening in one of its cylinders, connected pistons operating in said cylinders and having passages for opening said fluid passage and said port when registering therewith and arranged to close said fluid passage and port when said piston passages are out of registration therewith, and thelower piston having a larger area and restricted means for admitting and exhausting a pressure fluid to the lower cylinder` under the piston thereof having provision for varying the rapidity of the passage of the fluid therethrough, the upper cylinder having an opening for admitting a high pressure fluid, and a needle valve closing opening when the upper piston is at the-upper end lof its stroke.

In a. controlling valve for a. displacement pump, a valve housing having superposed cylinders, said housing having a high pressurev fluid passage extendingf therethroughl and intercepted by one of the cylinders, said housing having an exhaust opening in one of its cylinders, connected pistons operating in said cylinders and having pssages for opening said fluid' passage and said port when registering therewith Iand arranged to close said fluid passage and port when said piston passages are out of registration therewith, and the lower piston having a larger area and restricted means for admitting and exhausting a pressure lfluid to the lower cylinder under the piston thereof having provision for vvarying V,the ra pidity of the passage of the fluid therethrough,lthe upper cylinder having an opening for admitting-a high pressure fluid, and a needle valve closing opening when the upper piston is atthe upper end of its stroke, and a removable closure for the lower cylinder providing for a variation of the volume'of fluid admitted to said cylinder.

In testimony whereofjI aflix my signature.

A FRANK GARDNER.

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